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ABCM DOMES, SHELLS & VAULTS - Report 4 - Group B3

The document discusses different types of shell structures used in building construction. It describes barrel vaults, domes, arches, cylindrical barrel vaults and translation shells. It explains that shell structures are thin, curved plates that transmit loads through compressive, tensile and shear stresses. They are usually constructed of reinforced concrete and can support loads without an internal frame. The document also covers advantages like high strength and stiffness, and ability to span large areas with minimal material.

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Amey Deshmukh
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171 views10 pages

ABCM DOMES, SHELLS & VAULTS - Report 4 - Group B3

The document discusses different types of shell structures used in building construction. It describes barrel vaults, domes, arches, cylindrical barrel vaults and translation shells. It explains that shell structures are thin, curved plates that transmit loads through compressive, tensile and shear stresses. They are usually constructed of reinforced concrete and can support loads without an internal frame. The document also covers advantages like high strength and stiffness, and ability to span large areas with minimal material.

Uploaded by

Amey Deshmukh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A.B.C.M.

Report

SHELL STRUCTURE DOMES & VAULTS


Group-B3 Amey Deshmukh|Shubham Kambli|Vivek Patil
Pillai Hoc Coa, Rasayani
INTRODUCTION
• In building construction, a shell structure is a thin, curved plate structure shaped to transmit applied forces by
compressive, tensile, and shear stresses that act in the plane of the surface.
• They are usually constructed of concrete reinforced with steel mesh.
• This structure maintains its size and support load, even without a frame or solid mass material inside.
• A shell is a building that is empty from inside, these shell elements are typically curved and assembled into a
large structure, they are lightweight constructions using shell elements.

https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.


TYPES OF SHELL STRUCTURE
1. BARREL VAULTS
• The Barrel vault is one of the commonly used shell
structures because of its greater span capacity.
• These types of Shell structures have a span capacity of
up to 50m.
• The barrel vaults are concrete thin shells that mainly
consist of the cylinder, frame at its ends including
columns.
2. SHORT SHELL
• Short shell structures basically have a cylindrical shape
which has a large radius as compared to its length.
• The overall thickness of the shell is very thin due to its
properties.
• Short shells can carry the load in two different ways,
the first is carrying the load to the lower elements and
the second as a curved beam to the arches.
https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.
3. DOMES SHELL 4. SHELL ARCH
• Domes are basically hemisphere in shape. The • Shell Arches are the type of Shell structures that
domes are generally used as a roof structure. are small shells.
• A dome is a space structure that covers a • Shell Arches are not an Efficient structure for the
circular area. higher value of the bending moment.

https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.


5. CYLINDRICAL BARREL VAULT
• Cylindrical Barrel Vaults are perhaps the most
useful of the shell structures because they can
span up to 150 feet with a minimum of material.
• They are very efficient structures because they
use the arch form to reduce stresses and
thicknesses in the transverse direction

6. TRANSLATION
• A translation shell is a dome set on four arches. The
shape is different from a spherical dome and is
generated by a vertical circle moving on another
circle.
• The stresses in a translation shell are much like a
dome at the top, but at the level of the arches,
tension forces are offset by compression in the arch.
https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.
SINGLE OR DOUBLE CURVATURE SHELLS SHELL STRUCTURE
SINGLE CURVATURE SHELL
• Single curvature shells are curved on one linear axis and are a part of a cylinder or cone in the form of barrel vaults
and conoid shells
DOUBLE CURVATURE SHELL
• Double curvature shells are either part of a sphere or a hyperboloid of revolution. The terms single curvature and
double curvature do not provide a precise geometric distinction between the form of shell because a barrel vault
is single curvature but so is a dome.
• The terms single and double curvature are used to distinguish the comparative rigidity of the two forms and
complexity of centering necessary to construct the shell form.

https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.


DEVELOPABLE SURFACES (SINGLY CURVED)
Developable surface is a surface that can be unrolled
onto a flat plane without tearing or stretching it. it is
formed by bending a flat plane, the most typical shape of
a developable shell is a barrel, and a barrel shell is curved
only in one direction.

BARREL :
Arch action & beam action together make a barrel.
there are mainly two types of barrel : - long barrels ,
arch action is prominent – short barrels, beam action
is prominent

STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF SHORT BARREL SHELLS:


These shells are typically supported at the
corners and can behave in one or a
combination of the following ways:

STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF LONG BARREL SHELLS:


These are typically supported at the corners and
behave structurally as a large beam.

https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.


DEVELOPABLE SURFACES (SINGLY CURVED)
They are mainly classified as :
1. Synclastic
2. Anticlastic
SYNCLASTIC SHELLS:
• These shells are doubly curved and have a similar curvature in each
direction. e.g. domes a dome is a good example of a synclastic
shell, it is doubly curved and can be formed by rotating a curved
line around an axis.
• A dome can be split up into two different directions; vertical
sections separated by longitudinal arch lines (also called
meridians), and horizontal sections separated by hoops or parallels.
STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR :
Similar to arches under a uniform loading the dome is under
compression everywhere, and the stresses act along the arch and
hoop lines.
https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.
DEVELOPABLE SURFACES (SINGLY CURVED)
ANTICLASTIC SHELLS :
• They are doubly curved but each of the two curves
have the opposite direction to the other. e.g. saddle
points.
• Conoids, hyperbolic paraboloid and hyperboloids are
all considered to the anticlastic shell because they are
saddled shape with different curvature in each
direction and straight lines can be drawn of the surface.
CONOIDS:
• They are formed by moving a one end of a straight line
along a curved path and the other along a straight path.
HYPERBOLOIDS:
• It is formed by rotating a straight line around a vertical
axis.

https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.


ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• There are various advantages of Shell structures which are as follows. • Shuttering problem

• Shell structures have very high stiffness. • Greater accuracy in formwork is


required
• Shell structures have higher strength with respect to their self-weight.
• Good labor and supervision
• Shell structures are used to cover a large area. necessary

• It is very simple in design and has more strength as compared • Rise of roof may be a disadvantage
to other types of Structures.

• Steel structures are structurally continuous and it can transfer loads in


a number of directions.

• Shell structures are attractive in appearance and mostly used for


decorative purposes.

• The notes which are applied to the shell structures are carried to the
ground by tensile, shear, and compressive forces.

• The dead load in the Shell structure can be reduced by economizing


the foundation and the overall support system.

https://constructionor.com/shell-structure/ Pillai HOC College of Architecture, Rasyani.

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