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Thermochemistry Problem Set #1: Angelica Avrielle C. Arevalo Bsce 1F

The document contains a thermochemistry problem set with 8 problems. It provides the relevant equations, given values, and step-by-step workings to calculate quantities such as work, heat, enthalpy, and specific heat. The problems involve gas expansion against varying pressures, heat of vaporization, heat capacity, enthalpy of reaction, and standard enthalpy of formation.

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Angelica Avrielle C. Arevalo
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149 views6 pages

Thermochemistry Problem Set #1: Angelica Avrielle C. Arevalo Bsce 1F

The document contains a thermochemistry problem set with 8 problems. It provides the relevant equations, given values, and step-by-step workings to calculate quantities such as work, heat, enthalpy, and specific heat. The problems involve gas expansion against varying pressures, heat of vaporization, heat capacity, enthalpy of reaction, and standard enthalpy of formation.

Uploaded by

Angelica Avrielle C. Arevalo
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Angelica Avrielle C.

Arevalo
BSCE 1F
Thermochemistry Problem Set #1
1.) A gas expands in volume from 26.7 mL to 89.3 mL at constant temperature. Calculate the work done
(in joules) if the gas expands:
a. against a vacuum
given:
V= 26.7 mL convert to L: 0.0267 L
V= 89.3 mL convert to L: 0.0893 L
-P= 0
formula:
w= -PΔV
solution:
w= (0) (0.0893 L- 0.0267 L)
w= 0
b. against a constant pressure of 1.5 atm
given:
V= 26.7 mL convert to L: 0.0267 L
V= 89.3 mL convert to L: 0.0893 L
P= 1.5 atm
formula:
w= -PΔV
solution:
w= (-1.5atm) (0.0893 L- 0.0267 L)
w= (-1.5 atm) (0.0626L)
101.3 J
= 0.0939 atm∙L x
atm∙ L
= -9.51 J
c. against a constant pressure of 2.8 atm
given:
V= 26.7 mL convert to L: 0.0267 L
V= 89.3 mL convert to L: 0.0893 L
P= 2.8 atm
formula:
w= -PΔV
solution:
w= (-2.8atm) (0.0893 L- 0.0267 L)
w= (-2.8 atm) (0.0626L)
101.3 J
= -0.17528 atm∙L x
atm∙ L
= -18 J

2.) Calculate the work done in joules when 1.0 mole of water vaporizes at 1.0 atm and 100°C. Assume
that the volume of liquid water is negligible compared with that of steam at 100°C, and ideal gas
behavior.
given:
n= 1.0 mole
R= 0.0821 atm∙L /k∙mol
T= 100°C convert to work T= 100+ 273 = 373 K
P= 1.0 atm
Formula and Solution:
Since, PV=nRT then V=nRT/P
V= (1.0 mole) (0.0821 atm∙L/ k∙mol) (373K) / 1.0 atm
V= 30.6 L now, w= -PΔV
w= -PΔV
w= -1.0 atm x 30.6 L
w= -30.6 atm∙L
101.3 J
=-30.6 atm∙L x
atm∙ L
= -3, 102 / -3.1x103J

3.) If 3 moles of H2 react with 3 moles of Cl2 to form HCl, calculate the work done (in joules) against a
pressure of 1.0 atm at 25°C. What is ΔE for this reaction? Assume the reaction goes to completion.
Consider the reaction H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl (g) ΔH = -184.6 kJ/mol
Given:
Reaction: H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl (g) ΔH = -184.6 kJ/mol
P= 1.0 atm
T= 25°C
Solution:
T (K) = T (°C) + 273.15
= (25) + 273.15
= 298.15
Δn= 3-3 = 0
𝜟𝑬 = 𝜟𝑯 – 𝑹𝑻𝜟n

kj 8.134 J 1 kJ
(
𝜟𝑬= 3 −184.6
mol )(
-
k ∙ mol )( 1000 j)
( 298.15 K ) ( 0 )

kj
𝜟𝑬= -553.8
mol

4.) A piece of silver of mass 362 g has a heat capacity of 85.7 J/°C. What is the specific heat of silver?
given:
m= 362g
c= 85.7 J/ °C c
formula: s=
c
since, c=ms
m s
m
solution:
85.7 J /° C
s=
362 g
s= 0.237 J/ °C

5.) Calculate the amount of heat liberated (in kJ) from 366 g of mercury when it cools from 77.0°C to
12.0°C.
Given: m= 366g of Hg
Δ t i= 77.0 °C
Δ t f = 12 °C
t= -65 °C
specific heat of Hg= 0.140 J/g°C
solution:
q= (366g) (0.140 J/g°C) (-65°C)

q= -3.31x103J

q= 3.31 KJ

6.) To a sample of water at 23.4°C in a constant-pressure calorimeter of negligible heat capacity is added
a 12.1-g piece of aluminum whose temperature is 81.7°C. If the final temperature of water is 24.9°C,
calculate the mass of the water in the calorimeter.
q = mcΔt
given:
q= heat absorbed or released
m= 12.1g
t final=24.9 °C
t 1= 81.7 °C
t 2=23.4 °C
= 12.1 x 0.9 x (81.7 - 24.9) = 618.552 J
Equating this to the energy gained by water:
618.552 = m x 4.184 x (24.9 - 23.4) m = 98.553
m= 98.6 g

7.) The standard enthalpy change for the following reaction is 436.4 kJ/mol: H2(g) → H(g) + H(g)
Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of atomic hydrogen (H).
Solution:

Δ H f [ H (g) ] +¿ Δ H f [ H (g) ] −¿ Δ H f [ H 2 (g) ]= Δ H °


° ° °

2+¿ Δ H f [ H (g) ] −¿ Δ H f [ H 2 (g) ]= Δ H °


° °

2+¿ Δ H f [ H (g) ] −¿ 0kJ/mol= 436.4 kJ/mol


°

2+¿ Δ H f [ H (g) ]= 436.4 kJ/mol


°

=Δ H f [ H (g) ]= 218.2 kJ/mol


°

8. Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction: 2Al(s) + Fe2O3 (s) → 2Fe(s) + Al2O3(s)
Given that:
2Al(s) + 3/2 O2(g) → Al2O3(s) ΔH°rxn = -1669.8 kJ/mol 2Fe(s) + 3/2 O2(g) → Fe2O3(s) ΔH°rxn = -822.2
kJ/mol
Solution:
∆𝑯°𝒓𝒙𝒏 = [𝚺𝐧 ∆𝑯°𝒇 (𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒔)] − [𝚺𝒏 ∆𝑯°𝒇 (𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒔)]
{(−1669)−(−822)}⋅ kJ⋅mol −1
= −847.6 ⋅kJ ⋅ mol−1.

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