Brkarc-2023 (2019)
Brkarc-2023 (2019)
Building Hybrid
Clouds in AWS with
the CSR 1000v
#CLUS
Agenda
• CSR 1000v and AWS Overview
• Cloud WAN Architectures
• Cloud WAN Designs with SDWAN
• Automation
• Conclusion
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Related Sessions
• Multicloud Networking – Design & Deployment [BRKCLD-3440]
• Wednesday, June 12, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM
• Extending Enterprise Network into Public Cloud with Cisco CSR1000v [BRKARC-
2749]
• Thursday, June 13, 1:00 PM - 2:30 PM
• How to extend your ACI fabric to Public Cloud (AWS and Azure) [BRKACI-2690]
• Tuesday, June 11, 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM
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CSR 1000v and
AWS Overview
Cisco Cloud Services Router (CSR) 1000V
Cisco IOS XE Software in a virtual network function form-factor
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What are the different CSR 1000V types listed?
1. Cloud Services Router 1000V BYOL
• Can be any tech package and throughput level depending on license purchased from Cisco
and installed on CSR (not all throughputs supported)
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CSR 1000v Licensing Structure
IPBase 50 Mbps
Hourly or Annual
100 Mbps (Available on AWS)
10 Gbps*
*10 Gbps is only available on the IPBase Technology Package
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CSR 1000v Technology Package Features
Technology Package IOS-XE Features
Basic Networking: BGP, OSPF, EIGRP, RIP, ISIS, IPv6, GRE, VRF-LITE, NTP, QoS, BFD
Multicast: IGMP, PIM
Note:
IPBase High Availability: HSRP, VRRP, GLBP
NEW, BFD moves to
(formerly Standard) Addressing: 802.1Q VLAN, EVC, NAT, DHCP, DNS
IPBASE in 16.6.1,
Basic Security: ACL, AAA, RADIUS, TACACS+
AWS/Azure HA requires
Management: IOS-XE CLI, SSH, Flexible NetFlow, SNMP, EEM, NETCONF
SEC only
IPBase Plus…
SEC Advanced Security: Zone Based Firewall, IPSec VPN, EZVPN, DMVPN, FlexVPN, SSLVPN,
(formerly Advanced)
GETVPN
IPBase Plus…
Advanced Networking: L2TPv3, MPLS, VRF, VXLAN
AppX Application Experience: WCCPv2, AppXNAV, NBAR2, AVC, IP SLA
Hybrid Cloud Connectivity: LISP, OTV, VPLS, EoMPLS
Subscriber Management: PTA, LNS, ISG
AX ALL FEATURES
(formerly Premium)
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Networking limitations for the public cloud
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Reference
CSR 1000V License Throughput Enforcement
• Rate shaper is implemented in the ESP
data path at the root of the QoS hierarchy
15 Mbps 10 Mbps
• All egress traffic is subjected to the shaper G1 ESP G3
• The rate is derived from license
SHAPER
• Throughput limit is global, not per-interface (50)
20 Mbps 15 Mbps
• Shaper does not distinguish between different G2
G4
types of traffic 10Mbps (60-50)
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Cisco CSR 1000V Performance on Public Clouds
IOS-XE 16.10.1 release, large packet, with Intel Meltdown and Spectre fix.
Feature Scale
VRF 4000
NAT 512,000
BFD 500
IPSLA 10,000
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VPC 101
VPC
• Logically isolated network with its own IP 10.99.0.0/16
Subnet A
range, routes, security, etc.
10.99.1.0/24
• IP ranges (RFC1918) can be overlapping
• Subnets created inside VPC
• Internet gateway (IGW) connects outside IGW Subnet B
and between VPCs 10.99.2.0/24
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Region and Availability Zone Concepts
• VM (Virtual Machines) is hosted in multiple data centers across the world. A region is
a separate geographic area
• VM instances have to be launched into a specific region. Locating instances close to
end users can reduce latency
• Region is consisted by multiple AZs (Availability Zone). Each AZ is isolated, but AZs
in a region are connected through low latency and high bandwidth links.
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VGW (Virtual Private Gateway)
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VPC Peering
• High Bandwidth VPC to VPC Interconnection
• Share Private IP CIDR routes between the VPCs
• Inter-Region Peering is new
• Point to Point
• No Transit Peering VPC
Dev
VPC
QA
Peering
us-west
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CSR Advantages over…
Virtual Private Gateway: VPC Peering:
• Scalability • Scalability
• Performance • Performance
• Continuity of Operations • Overlapping CIDR blocks
• Richer routing features • Transitive peering relationships
• Active/Active Tunnels • Multiple peerings per VPC
• Spoke-to-spoke routing • Spoke-to-spoke routing
• Security/Application Visibility • Security/Application Visibility
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AWS Transit Gateway
• Connect multiple VPCs at scale
• Significant scale & performance
improvements over VGW
• Support multiple accounts in a
single region
• Manage via AWS console, CLI, &
SDKs
• Pricing based on attachment and
GB of data processed
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CSR Deployment Models
Application VPC Gateway Transit Hub Router
VPC
AZ1 AZ2
Application VPC Transit Hub
VPC
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Application VPC Design Models with CSRs
One Armed Mode
VPC
IGW Router
G1
Public Subnet Private Subnet
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Application VPC Design Models with CSRs
Two Armed Mode
• Network Subnet
• Both CSR interfaces in the same subnet VPC
IGW Router
• Use VRFs to separate interfaces for terminating tunnels,
local traffic, and management
• Private Subnet VPC Route Table modified to add CSR as G1 G2
gateway
Network Subnet Private Subnet
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Application VPC Design Models with CSRs
Multiple Availability Zone Design Model
Public Private
IGW Subnet Subnet
G1
AZ2
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No Link Local Broadcast in the VPC
• No Link local multicast or broadcast
• Affected services include:
• IGPs NAT 10.1.1.10
54.x.x.x 10.1.1.10
• HSRP/VRRP
10.1.1.11
• BFD
• Proxy ARP, Gratuitous ARP 10.1.1.12
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NAT in a VPC
• Will break services that do not work over
NAT, such as GET-VPN
• Tunnel source will be a private address
NAT 10.1.1.10
• Tunnel destination from the perspective of 54.x.x.x 10.1.1.10
VPN peers will be a public address
10.1.1.11
• Assign EC2 elastic IP address so that
address does not change if the CSR1K is 10.1.1.12
shutdown
• Other VPCs see Elastic IP address unless
using VPC peering
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CSR and VPN Tunnels
• May need to open security groups for IKE (UDP/500)
and ESP (either IP/50 or UDP/4500)
• Disable Src/Dst Check on interfaces with local VPC
traffic
• Use interface name as tunnel source (e.g. Gig1)
• Use VPC route table to direct traffic for VPN Virtual Private Cloud
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Reference
MTU Considerations
• Jumbo frames (up to 9000 bytes) are allowed within single VPC.
• Traffic going out of a VPC or VPC peering connection has MAX 1500 MTU.
• CSR supports jumbo frames by putting “mtu <1500-9216>” under
interface configuration. However, when CSR sends traffic out of a VPC,
packets will be fragmented if it’s over 1500 bytes.
• Supported instance types:
• General purpose: M3, M4, M5, T2
• Compute optimized: C3, C4, C5, C5 with instance storage, CC2
• Accelerated computing: F1, G2, G3, P2, P3
• Memory optimized: CR1, R3, R4, X1
• Storage optimized: D2, H1, HS1, I2, I3
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/network_mtu.html#jumbo_frame_instances
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CSR Management Access
• No console in AWS
• Management and remote access of the CSR will
happen over SSH via a private or public IP
address
• Need to open SSH (TCP/22) ingress in the
security group
• Consider using dedicated management interface
• Configuring VRF causes loss of connectivity
• EEM script used to work around.
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Cloud Network
Architectures
Use Case 1 – Enterprise Extension into AWS
VPC
WAN
Enterprise Network
San Jose
• Connect one or many physical locations into an Amazon VPC. IPSec, DMVPN,
FlexVPN, EZVPN, etc…
• Up to 1,000 concurrent VPN tunnels per CSR.
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Use Case 1A – Internal App in Public Cloud
Design Options
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Use Case 1B – Public App to Data Center
Subnet 1 Subnet 2
Internet
Internet Users
Corporate Data Center
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Use Case 2 – VPC Interconnection
• VPCs can be in the same region or different regions, or in other cloud providers
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Across regions, accounts/subscriptions
Transit VPC VPC
Shared
VPC
A
VPC
C
Services
AZ1 AZ2
• Enterprise class routing features in
the Transit VPC VPC Transit VPC
AZ1
CSR1 B
ASR Transit
AZ2
Gateway
Direct Connect
CSR2
Or Internet
Other
Provider
Networks
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Direct Connect Overview
• Dedicated connection between the enterprise and AWS
• Provides (1) private peering to VPCs and (2) public peering to AWS public services
• Sub-interface on corporate DC router for each service
• BGP peering for route exchange for each service
Cisco
Virtual Private
ISR/ASR
Gateway (VGW)
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Direct Connect Topologies (1/2)
Direct Connect
Corporate DC
Virtual Private Cloud
Direct from
Enterprise ISR/ASR VGW
Direct Connect
Corporate DC
Virtual Private Cloud
SP Managed SP VPN
Service
ISR/ASR SP Router
VGW
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Direct Connect Topologies (2/2)
Direct Connect
Corporate DC
Virtual Private Cloud
Co-Lo
Direct from Co-Lo
ISR/ASR ISR/ASR VGW
Direct Connect
Corporate DC Virtual Private Cloud
Co-Lo
Co-Lo Cloud
Exchange
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Direct Connect Peering Requirements Reference
• Each private (VPC) and public connection requires a virtual interface
• BGP peering to AWS for each virtual peering for route exchange
• Can use VRFs to segment peerings into different routing domains
• Typical peering router requirements
• 1GE/10GE interfaces
• Bi-directional line-rate performance
• Sub-interfaces ISR4000 – Up to 2 Gbps
• BGP
• VRFs
• IPSec/Tunnels/Crypto
• High availability features ASR1000 - Up to 200 Gbps
• Netflow/AVC
• QoS (shaping)
• NAT
• Security Features
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Direct Connect With CSR 1000V and Private VIF
• Primary use cases are encryption, Transit VPC, WAN/DMVPN extension, VRF
Extension
• Tunnel endpoints are private IP addresses
• Up to 4.5 Gbps throughput per CSR1K
Connected VPC
Cisco VGW CSR 1000V
Interface CIDR Block
ISR/ASR
IPSec Tunnel
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Reference
Direct Connect With CSR 1000V and Public VIF
• Public Virtual Interface
Public Virtual Interface Peering
IPSec Tunnel
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Internet Access Options (1/2)
App VPC Internet Access On-prem Internet Access
• EC2 Public IP, Local NAT Instance, or • Leverage existing enterprise internet
Elastic Load Balancer connection and security perimeter
Internet Internet
Security
Private DC Private DC
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Internet Access Options (2/2) Co-Lo Internet Access
Transit VPC Internet Access • Leverage local co-lo internet
• Central security enforcement
connectivity
Security Internet
Co-Lo
Security
Transit VPC
Private DC Private DC
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CSR Cloud High Availability
VPC
• No virtual IP as with HSRP, since CSR
Subnet
AWS doesn’t allow multicast App
Subnet A
• AWS Route Tables for app
subnets are re-pointed to
opposite CSR
App
• Failure detection is automatic Subnet B
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/routers/csr1000/software/aws/b_csraws/b_csraws_chapter_0100.html
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Extend Segmentation to AWS
Multi-tenant Mission
Network Subnet 1
MPLS PE
PE CSR – MPLS
Core Direct VPN over GRE
Connect Subnet 2
PE
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Enterprise-Wide Application Visibility
• Uses Netflow and IP SLA
• GUI for application visibility
• IP SLA configuration and monitoring
• Extends application visibility to your
cloud border
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Cloud WAN
Designs with
SDWAN
Cisco SD-WAN: Cloud SDN Architecture
Management Plane Analytics
• Single pane of glass • Machine Learning
vManage vAnalytics
• Monitoring and Troubleshooting • Carrier Performance
• RBAC and APIs APIs • Bandwidth Forecasting
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XE-SDWAN Software
• Modular router operating system
• Based on Cisco IOS-XE*
• Powers Cisco SD-WAN physical and virtual edge platforms
Viptela Component
* Does not include all Cisco IOS-XE features
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Cloud Edge Deployment Use Cases
• IaaS
• Colocations
Internet SD-WAN
Remote Site
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Public Sector Cloud Ready Network
HQ
Branch
Branch
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Cloud Onramp for AWS Key Use Cases
• Direct Branch to AWS applications
• Internet + Direct Connect for load balancing (Application Routing)
• Segmentation
• Encryption
• Service Chaining
• Transit VPC
• Multicloud Operations
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SD-WAN CSR Deployment Models
Cloud Gateway Cloud onRamp for IaaS
• WAN Edge deployed in each virtual • Two WAN Edges deployed in a Transit
network Hub, acting as virtual aggregation routers
VPC
AZ1 AZ2
Application VPC Transit Hub
VPC
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Cloud onRamp Automation in vManage
Standard IPSec + BGP • Fully automated through
BGP <-> OMP vManage
AZ1 • Fast failover
R
• Speed of BGP
VGW
AZ2 IGW convergence
Host VPC
AZ1
CSR1Kv
INET • BFD dead interval on
overlay
• Supports Standard IPSec
MPLS
VGW
AZ2
Host VPC
vManage
AWS Region
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Automation
Orchestration and Automation
vManage
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AWS CloudFormation
• AWS technology to define cloud stacks via a JSON file
• Comparable technologies in OpenStack (Heat) and Azure (RM Templates)
• Can be used to create VPCs or launch EC2 instances into existing VPCs
• For CSR, can be used to initially launch, and then also configure via user data
• Most useful for Day 0
• Template for CSR in GitHub repository
stack
template AWS
CloudFormation
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Programmable Interfaces
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Guest Shell Application
Linux Shell Environment On Your Switch or Router
• Maintains IOS-XE system integrity
• Isolated User Space
• Fault Isolation
Linux
• Resource Isolation applications
• On-box rapid prototyping
• Device-level API Integration Guest Shell
• Scripting (Python)
Open Application Container
• Linux Commands
API
• Application Hosting
Network OS
• Integrate into your Linux workflow
• Integrated with IOS-XE
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Guest Shell with On-Box Python for AWS
• Python is the de facto automation language for networking
• Local Scripts and Automation
• Get instance metadata
• Get summary of VPC configuration
• IOS-XE configuration automation
• EEM integration
https://github.com/CiscoDevNet/csr_aws_guestshell
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ACI Extension to AWS – overall architecture
Multi-Site Orchestrator (MSO)
On-Premise Public Cloud
Cloud APIC
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Automation Demo
Cloud onRamp Demo
AZ1 AZ1
R R
VGW
AZ2 AZ2
AZ1
Host VPC CSR1Kv Host VPC
AZ2
CSR1Kv
Gateway VPC
VGW
AZ1 AZ1
R R
VGW
AZ2 AZ2
AZ1 AZ1
Host VPC CSR1Kv CSR1Kv Host VPC
AZ2 AZ2
CSR1Kv CSR1Kv
VGW
AZ1 AZ1
R R
VGW
AZ2 AZ2
AZ1 AZ1
Host VPC CSR1Kv CSR1Kv Host VPC
AZ2 AZ2
CSR1Kv CSR1Kv
VGW
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Additional Resources
Public Documentation:
• 20+ Demo Videos on CSR 1000V Youtube Channel
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCiTBLSYkcoTUS6b4MFthdvhDrseo6MeN
• CSR 1000V Configuration Guide for AWS
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/routers/csr1000/software/aws/b_csraws.html
• CSR 1000V Configuration Guide for Azure
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/routers/csr1000/software/azu/b_csr1000config-
azure.html
• Multicloud Design Guides
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/design-zone/cloud-design-guides.html
• AWS VPC Presentations
https://www.youtube.com/user/AmazonWebServices/search?query=VPC
AWS Mailer (ask-csr-aws-pm@cisco.com)
Azure Mailer (ask-csr-azure-pm@cisco.com)
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CSR1000V Youtube Channel
http://cs.co/csr1000v
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