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Princess Eloisa P. Magale

The document discusses the Subanon or Subanen tribe, an indigenous group living in parts of Mindanao, particularly in the Zamboanga Peninsula. It notes that approximately 175,000 Subanen inhabitants live in areas like Zamboanga del Norte and del Sur. The Subanen originated from Indonesia around 2,000-6,000 years ago and subsist mainly on rice farming, fishing, and livestock breeding. They hold thanksgiving rituals called buklogs to pray for bountiful harvests. The timuay or tribal leader governs peace between families and resolves conflicts as a mediator, bringing more serious crimes to barangay authorities. Recent influxes of settlers and logging threaten the Sub

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Eloisa Padernal Magale
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58 views2 pages

Princess Eloisa P. Magale

The document discusses the Subanon or Subanen tribe, an indigenous group living in parts of Mindanao, particularly in the Zamboanga Peninsula. It notes that approximately 175,000 Subanen inhabitants live in areas like Zamboanga del Norte and del Sur. The Subanen originated from Indonesia around 2,000-6,000 years ago and subsist mainly on rice farming, fishing, and livestock breeding. They hold thanksgiving rituals called buklogs to pray for bountiful harvests. The timuay or tribal leader governs peace between families and resolves conflicts as a mediator, bringing more serious crimes to barangay authorities. Recent influxes of settlers and logging threaten the Sub

Uploaded by

Eloisa Padernal Magale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRINCESS ELOISA P.

MAGALE

SUBANON ANAD YAKAN TRIBE

In the island of Mindanao, particularly in the Zamboanga Peninsula, there exists a


group of lumad or non-Muslim indigenous cultural community called the Subanen. They
are also known as Subanon or Subano, derived from the word “suba,” a Visayan word
meaning “river,” as most of their settlements can be found near rivers or mountain
streams. Approximately 175,000 inhabitants have been registered in areas such as
Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay, and extending up to
the mountainous area of Misamis Occidental.

According to the history of Zamboanga City, the Subanen came around 2,000 to
6,000 years ago from Indonesia but moved into the hinterlands upon the arrival of the
Muslims, who would often attack the Subanen to collect taxes and capture slaves. With
the occupation by the Spaniards in the 16th century and with the migration of different
groups of people in the area, the Subanen were driven further into the forest. There, most
of the Subanen settled down and subsisted on rice farming and fishing, in addition to
breeding a variety of livestock, such as chickens, water buffaloes, pigs, and cattle.

As peaceful peasants in the hills, the Subanen lack warlike tribes, although war
and ritual dances are performed on special occasions, such as weddings. During
courtship, songs are performed with an accompaniment of traditional instruments. A
thanksgiving ritual called buklog is performed at the start of the planting and harvest
season to pray for a bountiful harvest throughout the year. It is also a thanksgiving festival
among the Subanen. Weeks prior to the celebration, a constant sound of an agung or a
single brass gong is produced to signify an upcoming buklog.

Peace and order between families in the community is governed by a tribal leader called
timuay or gukom, who is authorized as a mediator to resolve conflicts. However, if these
conflicts involve heinous crimes, they are then presided over by rightful authorities in the
area such as the Barangay Captain. The timuay is also an expert in the tribe’s traditional
mores, as well as their indigenous beliefs. The influx of settlers and traders in recent years
has threatened the homeland of many Subanens, especially ancestral domains that the
tribe considers sacred ground. Logging and kaingin continue to jeopardize the mountain
forests where the tribe has survived for thousands of years.

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