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ALSOIN THISISSUE
The Us-Mexican Warof 1846-48,Paft

U
Battle of Ligny Series,Part ll
More Seven Yearswar Naval
 Battle
Honours

Robert E. Boreham & UlvssesS. Betts

proudlv present

THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

ln order to enableyou to createarmies that look like s€.soned troops and not rows of *@den soldiels each rlpe is supplied in variarjons
of poseand equiprnent For instance shrmishing tsoopsmay b€ loading or fidng, cavalryDay be amed with carbine,sabre,shotgun or
pistol Dudng the Amedcan CMI War uniforh differencestended to b€come obscure, it being not uDcommon for caprufed items to be
worn- However,those ffgures marked' are panicularly suitable for Onion troops and those marked t more so for the Confede6te
forces lnmarked ffgues are suitable for either.
INFAIiTRY (AF SERTES) AF13Drummerin cap cqNs
'AF0l CaA
Sack Coat advancing
'4F02 Cap, Sack
AFl4 Drummerin hat AA03 l2lb Napoleon
C@t finng/skirmishins 'AFl 5 onionColourBearerin cap
AFO3 CaB Ffock Coat advancing AFl6 ColourB€rer AA05 3 Ordnance Rifle
AF04 CaE Frock Coat ffri.g,/skrmishing CAVALRY ,4406 Umber and 6 horse team
AF05 CaB Shon Jacket advancing 'ACOI mountedTrooperin
cap A,A07Caissonand rcam
AFO6 Cap, Shon Jacket ffdng/skjrmish'ng iAq)2 mount€dTroop€rIn hat HORSEII
tAF07 Hat, Short Jacket advancing 'ACO3 Dismolnt€d Troop€rin cap AH01 Hoce walkins
iAF@ Hat, Short Jacket firins/skjmishing IACO4 DismountedTroop€rin hat All02 Ho6e cantedng
AFOg Zouave, Fez advancing ARTILLERY COMIVIAND
AF10 Zoua!€. Fez ffnng/skirmishing 'Mol GunCrewin cap ACOI 3 l4ounted C€nerals
AFll Omce. in cap lAA02 GunCrewin hat
AF12 Omc$ in hat
PRICES.Infantry/Caval.J
14p Horses18p Cun.rews65p Cuns 50p
StafiSets11.45 Umbers52.25 Calsson93.50
POSTOK A BFPO 15%to i20.00 l0% over320.00 EUROPE/SORFACE 30%AIR 50%
 Battle
Honours
THE IIIEWSFROIITTHE FROIIT........
Frst item concems our latestffnd which is of interest to ancient wargamers TACTICA is a set of rules developedby Arty
Conliffe in New York and is rather a startling change from those currenuy being used
TACTICA works on historical principles and, in our opinion, allows a far more accurate simulation of the tactjcs used in
ancient battles Be wamed. however,it also incorporatesthe limitations ofmovement of ancient formations. No longer can
phalanxesspring catlike through 90 degrees Emphasisis also placedon the establishedpatems of deployment and sve
of warfare of historical nationalides Altogether TACTICA gives a realistic, playableand very enjoyable game. There is a
very comprehensive section on the historical data of many nations' armies
The rules themselvesare beaubfullyproduced containing four'colour photographq line drawings and diagrams hinted
on hea\a/art paper in large easily readable t!?e TACTICA makes a handsome addition to any wargame/s library.
PRICE912,95 Dlus11.0O P e P UK and BFPO, EOROPES2.0O

BRIIIGIIIG A LIITLE COLOUR IIITO YOUR LIITES

For quite a while now we have been running a painting seNice although we don t advertiseit too ofterl The reason is that
we had a limited number of painters who could supply figures painted to the standard we insist on OMously our
customers like the end product becausethe boys in the brushwork departmentwere kept busy doing repeatorder for our
regular buyers However,we have been looking around for additional painters with talent and now have a couple more
added to the palroll. This means that we are able !o take on more work and be confident that it will be of a standardthat
pleasesthe end user. All figures ayailablefrom Batde Honours can be supplied painted to a high standard The price
includes the ffgure, painting and vdmishing- Basing can be done to your instructions for 10% extra. If you require a
particular unit then just let us know the details ie. regiment, period etc and we will do all the researchand supply them
detailed accordingly. Deliverytimes will\rary according to the worldoad.At the moment it is running at about4 weeksbut
this may vary depending how much is sitting in the in tray. We can give an approimate deliverytime ifyou phone before
oroenng,
There are a number of options on ffnistl WARCAMESSTANDARD is the most popular and representsa nicely detailed
well painted 6gure ready to go to work COLLECTORS adds shading, lining and a bit more ffne detail MQSEOM
STANDARDis done entirely in oils (or acrylics ifyou prefer) and is a work of art h will also banlaupt you Pricesas follows:
WARGAIYIES COLLECTORS
INFANTRY 41.00 sl.60
CAVALRY .e1.60
STANDARDS 91.50 9,2.20
ARTILLERY
CREW 61.00 e 1.60
CUNS 61.00 tl.60
hices of MoSEUlvl and items not listed are a\rdilableon request
Postageand Packjng UIVBFPO 10%oPTOe20.00
5%OVER620.00
EOROPVOSEASSURFACE 15%OF ORDERVALUE
O SEASAIR 25%OF ORDERVALUE
Just a reminder that the BATON', our bi-monthly newsletteris ayailableand issue3 is coming up C2.00 will get you 6
issueswith all the inside newsFom the old firm, painting guideq new products and an agony column Say ifyou want 1
and 2 or start with the latest
Those of you who visited the stand at WARCON2 will have seen the first of our new PERSONALmES of which there are
lots coming up for Xmas Aiso for the growing band of REVOLOnONARYWARSadherentsSJVAROFS ROSSLANS are
hastening towards North ltaly. We're fying to get out Austsiar/Russian limbers in time for the festivitiestoo. Watch this

li TllE llEA, Tom D.Vo.' It Rldg! Ro.d' B!&t r.rG' ru O?a2a (2Ol) 691 2423 or abE lcL.n' frtqloofiblduc+
4aO3 lurhd aprhr. Drtrc, &Brgao!, TGta ?60rz (8ral4ra o72a

BATfl.E HOll(XrRA 5 ltoob lrn . OEto!, rr. f,ld.!.tDlDra.r, lrorq DY14 aX||
t t o7/. 632 62t Fa l'299 210562

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 WANGAiIfT Contents
lllurlraled Page
1,1 TonyJerome
i7 ColinRumford
Spiesincampaigns
'ThedayMr Browndidn'rgooffto
rown'
ISSN 0957-6444 An OperationSealiondemogame
20 S.M.Pearce
OPENINGSHOT 23 ColinAshton
Ligny,theLastVictory,
Th€U.S.-Mexican
PartlI
Warofl846,48Partll
An excellentarrangementhasevolvedwherebyJim Syme,a 26 KeilhBenson ClobalConflictbyLand& Sea.
vitalcogin the GamesWorkshopengine,sendsmeeachmonth
29 MikeCrayer 'RedSunRising. PartlI
(at least one of his minions sends me each month) a
complimentary €opy of the prestigious journal white Dwan, TheRussianArmy
whilst also sendingme eachyear a chequein paymentfor a 31 RichardWatson TheBattleship Sovyetskij Soyuz
subscriptionro Waryznes lllustnted. 36 MichaelPcrry LunchintheCrimea
I don'tknowif Jim hastime to readhis WL Alas.I don'thave 38 SimonCharlesworthRe-orderingorden
time to readall of Wlire rwa.f- but I alwaysmakea point o{ 42 JohnD.Smith Longdistance
wargaming, ParrI
readingsomeofit. I've noticedthat WD regularlyintroduces to 44 MichaelJ.Burgess Paintsforwargamers
its readersnewmembersofthe Workshopstaff,listingnot only 52 Classifiedads
their gaminginterests(quite relevantI think), but also their
musicaltasles.Wheiherthe weaponswith whichpeopleassail Frcnt cover photo: GrandA iancevsLouisX I V:25nn figurcsfrc n
theirearsarerelevantto their activitiesin the Hobbyisopento
question.If I confessthatthisissueof lrylhasbeenpastedup to the collection of Mark A en: Dixon Miniatures, waryanes
the strainsofBangles.CreamandGloriaEstefan.wouldyoube Foundry. Stratagen - and afair bit ol conversion.
shocked? CWhat!NottheBandofthe Gr€nadierGuards?!')IfI
wereto tellyou thatthelast'ssuewaspastedup to the strainsof Back coverphotos: Two Ginean War scenes.25nn Waryanes
traditionalJapanese flute musicwould you be ableto discem Fotndry figurcsftun the colections of Dave Andrews & Cotin
the differ€nce?Fortunately,none of our conlributorsthis Dixon. Michael& AIan Pery choreographed'.
monthmentionmusic,so you may readon withoutalaml

uomLs LONDOITSMWEST WARGAMESCENTREIS

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BACK ilUTBERS Sat 9.00-5.00
All issuesftom #4 are still availabledirect
fromthe publisherat.tl.60eachinclusive of
postage& packing& editor'scoffeefund
contribution.
Edihr: DuntanM{hrlan. hbl&bd b! Srmqen PubliBdom Lrd . t3 L.r6 lre, NrE*. NoB. NC21tHZ. T.l: 0dl6 7t9B
TJp.srhJ:euo:hkLd prinr.dm EnglrndDifibdoB: ACB Imprcss. Cbnb' Coun_22,:6Fmiiqdonbne. Llidm. ECjR 3AU.Td:0tX3 3135
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 NEWITEMS
HEROICS FIGURES
& ROS
1B00thSCALEMETALFIGURES
MFN39rFrenchFusili€rsadvancinq,CombatOrder'lvlFN40:French
Gr€nadie6Advancinq,CombslOrder.MFN41:FrenchFusrlreBir
fl.25 Packscontainins Bicohe Advancino.MFN42:FrenchFusiliersin BicorneAttacking
50 infantryor 20 Cavalry or 6 Guns& Crews n u nT € d m sl 2 ) .N C F 1 4F: , e n c hG u nT e a m s( 2 )
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 TABLEIOP GAMES
53 MANSFIEIDROAD,
$odd medh'dd)- ------ -------85
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h r-!oi. rm IhkBvd6u'i{h AxoENIl\116l?d'dir
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NEWIsMM NAPOT.EONICS NEW-
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N{ Ir'-GmdiiB +!
MODERNEOUIPMEMT
HANDBOOK
sF4 r2pd,aun rsi
All the laresleqiipment coveredj
HelicopteB,aicrafl and missils
NoTlFdrLlEF4dG&bEts $s*f#JEffi]'fuid',dt!G*s etc alonq with lheir 'in setuie'
da(6 Polnts values and vehrle KOFPS COIIIIAI{DEF WWI
Pu![$ed bvTTG sp€.ifications given for both Chal IHE ROADIO AEi!X
18h CENTURY Ah[Y USTS lenser and WBG rules. WorldW& 2 v.Fion ol lhe CorOs
br TheCh€lienhanWanames Asse ay &@ R*T.vlor - gllF cdntE4,6r6,iloid bvlisis ole1€5
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 THE BEST II'ARGAMINGF'lOL'RES/N 1'IIF,I('ORI.D!
I ^r,
.dTis
MINIATURES t[7 zsm nmerican
'9q? Civil War
@ffilartborouqli
N E Wi-IN 1'nn-TH E CREAT NORTHERN WAR- I 700-t72I GENERALS
@ PERSONALITIES
Most ol thelo ou;ns couldbeusedlor nuch of thepziod rish up n fi. DISMOUNTED
endoJthe 7 tean uar (1756J763) ACWPI Lr G.neml irlt$es S Gnnt (U.)
ACWP2 Mai Gr..ral CeorgeG M..dc (Un)
ACwPr Gen.rll Rob.n E Lee(Con)
SWEDISHTROOPS
PERSONALITY
CAVALRY
INFANTRY COMMAND FIGURES-(5 pack) ACrvPCl Mai Ce. J.E,B.Stuan(Con)
GNOI Line Omcs &v,..,nc savrnc
- ricoh ACWPC2 Ge.erd Srone*all'Jakson(Con)
GNO2 St.ndnd ber.r po'nr;s AC\'PC] GeorgeA Cnn.r rhruninewnh srold (Un)
GNO3 Dtunner.dv cins ACVPC4 Col. J.S.Mosby(Con)
INFANTRY (I0 pack)
GNI Pikem. il Ficoln, ch.rs. pik. PRICES
GN2 Pilemanadvanc'ng, p'le up
GNI Musk.reeradv.ncing.nxedb:yond Generals
& Personalities-55
each
GN4 Cr.nrdr.r adv?n.'ng,fir(d bayon{
CAVALRY (5 peck)
GNCI Lrn. Cavalrr,bBndishhssword
GNC2 MounredDragoo. ARMIES OF LOUIS XIV and the
GNCI MounrcdDrasoondonoe! GRAND ALLIANCE (25mm)
CAVALRY (othernationaliriet
AMCiI Dfigoon Drumm.! INFANTRY
Dismounkdlre.ch Diags., senrinel
cAt3 FrenchCrenadiermarchins
Musk{eer nfchi.g, (12 apostlet

Thelreaf lndilll. Mul tng* t857- se GA2I

cA22
iandins 6rins. (12 aporles)
,Musk.reer
Musk.teern diflg lirins
cA2l Arnouredpikeman,char8efor hoEe
NEW:-1snn INDIAN MUTINY 1857
MOUNTED COMMAND FIGURES
BRITISH INFANTRY (10 packunlessotherwiselisted) (Recommended
horsesin brackets)
BRI ' B rDh Inasnfiy-full md.h'ns ord.Fm,(hrnB GACT Tlunpere! (GAHI)
BRl4 BririshSeanm standirgsentinel GAC8 Omcer(CAHI)
BRlt Bln'sh srndrrd bearinepdinrins(t pa.k) ITKDI Kenle Drumnei compler€
rrh hohr

horsesHl3 + 14
BRITISH CAVALRY (5 pacl) Recommended
BRC5 Blitish Lanccr
PRICES
MUTINEERS
MU3 lndian nandr.d bearer(5 p,ck) INFANTRY 40p each
MU9
COMMAND FIGURES-55peach
MUTINEER COMMAND PACK_
CMCPI IndianKins. Stndard bear.r.Bugle!.Leadcrpointins,l$der char8ins
MUl,2,l,3,9 MKDI-f,1.50p complete

PRICES
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THEWAROF 1812(NorthAmerica1812-1815)
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(NorthAme ca 1812-1815)
NA2r d8i'tmar ms ru
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Civilianwaion Dnler seared
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l4

SPIESIN CAMPAIGNS by Tony lerome

Spiesareasold aswarfareitself.Warshavebeenwonor lostasa suffoundinghexes.In our campaigna hex measuredbetween

resultofth€ informationgainedby thesesecretiveinformation oppositecornersrepresented 20 miles.
gatherers.As a resuh. spie\ have their place in wargame
campaigns andrulesareneededfortheir informationgathering i) A spyoperating fromoutsidea s€ttlem€nt, onemarkedon the
activities.The rulesbelowgrewfrom necessitywhen a $oup of map, as opposed to those thatexist, but do not ratethestatusof
ftiends and I mn a Tony Bath "Hyborian" style campaign. being placed on the map, has double the chance ofcaptureat all
Althoughthey weredesigned forthis styleoI campaign. thereis
noreasonwhytheyshouldn'tbeusedfor anancientmedieval or
alnost any other periodof history. Typ€ 1 is not very conscientious or enterprisingand will run
Spies,like mostpeople,work for money,so their paynent home ifhe or she is in the slightest danger.Messages arealways
had to be takeninto accountwhenwe ran our campaign.As late (types1, 3, 4 and 5 nevervoluntadlyreportexceptat the
€verycampaignhasa differentmonetarybasis,the payments endofthemonth).He onlyreportson generalttoop movements
shownbelow will need to be explainedby the use of a few and big rumours,wh'ch he ulually getshalt srong anyway
examples for comparison. An averageinfantryfigurewaspaid because hecouldn'tcareless.He seldomgetscaught(maximum
for at a rateof2.5 Gold Crown(GC) per quarter,averagelight 3o%\.
cavalryfigureswerepaid5 GC per qua(er. Betterthanaverage
troopswerepaid 1 extla GC. on top of the averagerate, and TJp€ 2 is over-enthusiastic and tries to imprcsshis enployer
Elite/Guardtroops were paid 2 extra GC per quarter.This with his industriousness by reporting all troop movements, ell
coveredboth pay and upkeepfor a figu.e at a ratio of 1:20. rumours hehears and all typesofuseless trivia. He isinclinedto
As you will see.most die rolling is done usingpercenlage exaggerate everylhingandsendsall reportsby urgcntmessen-
dice.Any resultgreaterthan that shownmeansthat the event ger. Consequently he is very \'ulnembleto capture,havinga
didn't happen.For example,ifthe chanceofa spybeingcaugh. 15% €hance at the best oftimesandWILL be cauehtifanvone
is 15% and the roll is 16 or betterthe spy is not caught. look\ for \pre. in his area. If rebuked or dismrssed: or captured
alive,he will tell all he knows(alsoexaggerated).

SPYTYPES Type3 isveryconscientious, exactingandprecise.But he hasno

imaginationat all, andonly reportswhathe sees,whenhe sees
Thereareawotypesofspy andassuchtwo typesofspying.1st it, concentrating on troop movements and hardfactsonly. He
Crade Spiesconcemthemselves with attemptingto umover will neverrun whendangerthreatens, but \r'illauemptsuicidei{
normallysecretinformation.2ndGradeSpiesare employedin caught(or ifcaptureis imminent).Ifcaptured
alive,hewill not
the transmission of informationof a generalnatureto their voluntarilydisclosehis employer'sidentityor
anythingelse.
employers.As the 2nd GradeSpy is the most numerousand
easyto employthey will be describedfirst- Types4 & 5 are averagepeople.Reporton troop movements
andbigrumours,fairly accurately. Reasonably loyalandbnve
2nd Grade Spies and won't normallybetraytheir employer.
a) For eachspyemployed.usea 1-8sideddie to discoverthe
type of spyhe/sheis. This is done by aheunpire and is kept Typ€ 6 is intelligentand reasonablyintuitive. He reportson
secretftom the employer. troop movements,mporlant generalnews, and interesting
b) All spiesaulornatically repon (withoutrisk) at the end of topicalrumours.His reportsare usuallycorrectand he knows
whethera message is impofiantor not (asdo types7 & 8). He
c) Requestsfor information,or spies sendinginformation may go quiet if dangerthreatens,and if capturedwill offer
to
without beingasked,or any other correspondence will be by becomea doubleagent-
messenger. An urgentrequestor reportwill travelbym€ssenger
at a 5% fasterthan the usualmessenger speed. Typ€7 is imaginative,fairly loyal, clearand diligent.Besides
d) Messengers and spiesmakingreports,etc., at other times normalreportshe givesman-on-the-spot opinionsand useful
exceptat the endofthe monthhaveavariablechanceofbeing detail.He will alwaystry to get importantmessages through,
caughtor delayed.The umpire can determinethe chances andhisinformationis usuallyaccurate andrelevant.He will ask
accordingto the circumstances. Factorsto be taken into for rnorepayifin danger,or if he hasdonea particularlygood
consideration:type of spy, nature of intelligence,target pieceofwork. He resentsbeingmovedaround,because ofthe
country'sstataof alert, targetcountryhrelationshipwith the effort he putsinto settingup his network.He rnaygo quiet, if
spys employer,etc. badlytreated,andofferhisservices to anothercountrywanting
e) The costof eachspyis 30 CC initiallyand 5 GC per month a spyin his area.
upkeep.
f) A spy can be moved to another place inside the target Type 8 is very enterprising,intelligent.courageous, diligent,
country.but if movedto anothercountrythiswill costanother accurateandrelevant.He is almostperfect.He usuallytri€sto
30GC. Thereasonfor thisis thathe mustsetup a newnetwork. getlo the bottomofa mystery,ifonly for hisown satisfaction.
(NB Countrymeansan originalstate;territory that hasbeen He hasa veryhighopinionofhimselfandenjoysnewchallenges
capturedprior ro the spies'employmentis considered to be a to hisskills.He likesto be movedaroundandbecomes iadedi{
difi€re country.) sruckin oneplacetoo longwhennothingexcitingishappening.
g) lt will takeaspya full monthto setup hisnetworketc,during As a resulthe may seeka new employer,in a new theatreof
which he will not report. operations.He knowswhenhe is on to somethingbig andwill
h) A spy can gather intelligencein h;s own, and the six askfor the necessarv fundsto helDhim discoverthesecrer.H€
 l5

will be disappointedif refused.When investigating

important
secretintelligence,he hasa 10% chanceof beingcaught.
lst GradeSpies
to be secrct,may be
HEROES
Any informationthat a playerassumes
divulgedto an opponentby the useof a lst gradespy-When
MINIATURES
informationis desired.the unpire will consultwith dice and 7 WAVERLEYPLACE
appropriate character €ards,determinethesuccess by givingthe WORKSOP,NOTTS
piec€ of information a 'secrecyrating,'which will be
desired s802sY
matchedwith aforementioned dice and cards.
(In our campaignall personsof authority,either nobles,
generalstaffsor any personon whoman imponantdecisionh I\TAIL ORDER SPECIALISTS
calledfor, had a card createdwhich refle,Jted their personal STARTERPACXS (POSTFREE)
traits. The characterkticswere basedaround a die roll of
betweenI and 10. 1 wasa low scoreand 10 a highscore The BODYCOUNT...,........................f ?.65p
necessary characterislics are mentionedbelow.) TACTICAL cOMI{ANDER-.-.......€7.2sp
1st Grade Spiesmust be orderedto look for somethingin FIREFLY...................................f
12.95p
particular-Transmission ofsuchordersis automatic,asis return CORPSCOMMANDER............... S9.50p
repry.
lst Grade Spies may only be contractedfrom known CORPS COMI\{ANDER(deluxe)...€12,?5p
characterswithin a nation.Theirvaluewillbe closelyrelaredto: FIREFIGHT...............................f
?.25p
a) howclosetheyareto aninformationsource-eg.a brotherof cRIDrRoN.......................-..--....e!.ssp
a nonarch would be fairly closeto muchsecretinformation. ACTION UNDER SAIL(deluxe)....!?.25p
b) the chosencharacter's loyalty,greedand intelligence
To contractthe services of a lst GradeSpy,an offermustbe Tabletop gam6 productslge.oiG & R6
made to the appropriatecharactercard. As a generalidea, scotia llt6o llodelt {fdr.ans€) sd hdy
offersof lessthan 100GC will probablynot be lookedat twice.
The procedurefor contractinga spy will be: S.A.E FOR LIST
a)pla)eraltempringchecIs rhetamilies booktoranappropriate U.S. AGENT ALLIANCE MIMATURlS
target;heedshouldbe paid .o the targefs 'gr€€d'(generosity) P . O .B O X 2 3 t ?
scoreand his generaldisposition.The lower the scores.the DES [IOINES
nore likely the acceptance;as the otherrequisites(loyaltyand IOr{A 50310
int€llig€nce)are unknownto th€ player,who is attemptingthe

b) umpireconsultsfor resultsof contract,takinginto account Po6itive

dice, noney and/or tems offered, and the charactercard's Assassinis prolessional (+l)
generaldisposition,greed,loyaltyand intelligence. Assassinis experienced (+l)
c) umpirewill inform the playerof the resull.The resultwill Assassinhassucceeded before(+2)
either be rejection;rejectionwith return of bribes;rejection Assassinis highlymotivated(+1)
with con{iscationof bribes:acceDtarce: offered barter. The Assassinis intelugent(+6) or hasno survivalwish
umpire'sdecisionwill be final as to the result.Play€rsmay, Targetis completely:unprepared(+2)
how€ver,alwayspr€ssnegotiations with the targetspy(to be) unguarded(+2)
by offeringnore. Targetis not activetype (-3)
Therewill be no-startup cost,thoughbribesmustbe paidin Targetis habituallyunarmed(+l)
advancelbr the vear. Negaaive
Assassinis recognisable (eg. differentrace)(-l)
Targetis not easilydistinguhhable ( 2)
COUNTERESPIONAGE Targethflsa singlebodyguard(-1)
Thisis only availableifthere is an historicalprecedent.
Certain Targethasa teamof bodyguards(-2)
portions of the next sec.ion can be used for th€ cross' Targetis wary (- 1)
examinationof capturedspies. Targetn pre-warned(-1)
Targeth difficultof access (-l)
Targetis very activetype (+8)
ASSASSINATION Targetis habituallyarmed(-l)
Note:Recoirrse to assassinationasaweaponcountsas'Previous
Treachery'in anylaterDiplomaticNegotiations betweenthose Result of lhe above: 'Ihrow
parties involved, and as Pasl Record of Treachery' in Lessthan 3 THWARTED. for assassinonly
negotiations with others. 4 to 10 PARTIAL SUCCESS.Throw for both
Whenan assassination 1l or aboveSUCCEEDS.Throw for victim only
atlemptis beingmadethe following 'Second
stepsare followedby the umpire: Order' Resuks,throw a 6-sideddie:
Roll a 4'sideddie. I or 2 Killed
Result: l.Backsdown 3 or 4 Captured-(1.2 Keepssil€nt-(1-3 Dies
2. Delayed,may try laler (3,4 Talksfreely (4-6 Lives
3. Attempl blockedtfollow SecondOrder'(below) 5,6 Givesmisleadinginformation
,1.Makesattempt 5 or 6 Escapes +(1-3 Wounded+(1-3 coes into hiding
lf the resultis 4 roll a 6 sideddie and add the factorsgiven (4-6Unhurt (4-6Getsthroughto base
 :.il

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Above: A Gernan landiDEbarychaspcnetratedtheharbourendlatded ttoopsot the qualside.Tbe firstline ol Hone Guard resistance
t b.hind lhe led pi d! hr^- Jppu,tlc thc pubtic,on\enten,e

"ThedayMr Browndidn'tgo to town the

off on 8.21"
(an 'Operation Sealion' club demonstrationgame)

by Colin Rumford of the Gimsby WargamesSociety

THE PROJECT Ser Boards

In early 1989.the Gimsby club decidedthat they would put on Theseasurfacewasobtainedthroughsealingthesurfaceof the
an Opcration Sealion demonstrationgame for their contribu boardsby skimmingwith Polyf;lla.Thesewereinitiallvsanded
lionto lhe yeais show circuil. The subjeclwas lairly iopicalas a smooth and subtle wavc effects added in Polyfilla ai the
seriesof related articles were appearingin this magazine,and shoreline.The Polyfilla(andsidesofthe boardt werepainted
next year s€es the 50th anniversary of the invasion threat. in Dulux Naurilus(th€re'sori-qinality)emulsionpaint.Thiswas
Several club members already had suiiable forces. including progressively
lightenedby mixingwith increasiflgarnoufltsof
various scratch-built Dad's Army' weapons and vehicles white towardsthe shorelineand when dry was lighlly dry-
ranging fron Corporal Joneis butch€rs van !o a catapuli for brushedwitb pure white. Severalcoatsof yachtvamjshwere
throwing Molotov cocktails. The main construction driv€ was thenapplied.A liitle blackoil paintwasmixedintothefirstcoat
for new and specialisedterrain. of vamish and this broke up the 'too p€rfecf finish of the

TERRAINCONSTRUCTION The Beach

It wasdccided!o utilisethe club s existing3' x 3'boards and The beachwasmadeby sprinklingsandonto PVA glue.The
incorporatetheminto a 15' x 6' display.Fivenewboardswere landsideedgeof the sandwas blendedinto the club s normal
requiredfor sea(x 2). a beach,a smallharbourand a towD grass finish of Polylex and sawdustmix. The sand and
base.Chipboard(%" thick) wasusedasthe basematenalfo. Polytex/sawdust finisheswerepaintedand dry brushed.
l8
Thc Harbour manor).Armour supportwas mainly in the form of an odd
This wasthe mostiime coosumingitem. The harboursectiods armouredlorry. Reinforcements consisiedof a plaroon of
were piecesof timber screwedonto the chipboard.These BritishRegularssupported
by a Matildaandan lSpounderfield
sections werethencoatedwith tile adhesive. As thiswasdrying
out, detail suchas€obbleswere scribedon.o the sectionsusinga
panelpin stuckin a balsahandle.The tile adhesiv€had been GAME OBJECTIVE
pre-colouredby mixing a black andbrown paint before applying
The Germanobjectivewas to capturean "important" cros,
it to the timber.This is usetulas in the eventofthe inevitable
sroads(completewirh an AA box) nearthe end ofthe board.
chips, the white adhesivewill not show through. A rocky
Obviouslythe aim ofthe defenders
wasto throwthe Germans
outcrop for a lighthousewar added at the seawardside. After
backinto the sea.
otherdetailshad beenadded,the entireharbourwas'washed'
inthinned'bumtumber'oilcolouranddry-brushed with lighter
shades. NOTESON RULES
Town Base In our clubruleswe utilisesectior/unitsmallarmsfirinsrather
Thiswassimplya chipboardsquarecoatedin a thin washof th€ thanindividual frnng.l-or the purpose of thi, game;e gave
each group of figuresa 'Firing Factor' basedupon irs rroop type.
tile adhesive/paintmir, then dry-brushed.
Wlen smallarmswere usedthe procedurewas to count the
Building Unias number ofeligiblefiguresfiring andaddthe followingvalues to
The idea for the buildingunits camefiom PeteDuckwortb's arrive at their Firing Factor.
'SevenYeaisWar Villages'inW1.14.We utilised8'squaresof
hardboard and gave each squarcits own theme. Thesevaried Troops Sho.t Range M€d./LongRange
from a pair of semi-deiached houseswith walledgardens,to a British Regular Figures + 2 Figur€s + 2
garagewith scrapyardand a coalyard.The principlebehind Home Guard/Civilians Figures Figures- I
their usewasthe sameas PeteDuckworth's,i,e, if the troops RAF Figures + 2 Figures + 1
weredeployedin the confine of the squarcbase,then they werc German Paratroop Figures + 4 Figures + 2
deemed to be afforded the 'hard cover' protection of the German Infantry Figurcs + 3 Figures + 2
buildings.Modellingthe buildiogsdidn't causeanyprcblemsas Iciegsmarine Figures + 2 Figures + I
there werc numerous railway model kits and accessories
available. The 1920/30'sis a favourite period amongst the Ifthe firing grouphad an MMG or light mortar(50mn or Z)
manufacturers of thesebits. with them,thentheywouldgetanextra+2 providingtheyhada
minimumof two crewto operatethe weapon.
FORCFSIN THE GAME The firingfactorwasthenusedon a smallarmsfiring tableto
determinecasualties. Thistableisthesameasthatusedby Peter
Germanattacke^ were a combinarionof glider borne para- GilderinhisoldWWllgamesatthe Wargames HolidayCentre.
troops,a navallandingparry(carriedaboardan E boat), and The offshoredestroyerproved to be quiteinteresting.When
army units ferried on various bargesand tugs. Total strength if fired,the Germancommanderhadto guessthefallof shellsby
wasabout150figures,6AFV'Sandvarioussoftskins.Support declaringmeasuredco-ordinates from acomerof thetable(e.g.
wasvia an 'off table'destroyerand stukabombardment. 72"r 15')andplacinga burstcircleovertheco,ordinates. If
I
Britishdefendenwere a mixtureof civilians,Home cuard someof you think this proceduresoundstoo easyI wouldjust
andRAF groundtroops,approximately 70 figuresin total (the saythaton thegame'sfirstouting theGermancommander sank
Iatterdefendinga localcommanderconvalescing in a counrry his own E boat on move2!

SMALL ARMS FIRING TABLE SHOAT RANGE SHORTBANGE SHOIIT FANGE

HARO COVEF SOFT COVER oPnl
MEO BANGE MEO FANGE

LONG NAN6E
HAFB COVER
LONG EAN6E
SOFT COVEB
LONG AANGE
H
ol EI
\N
J
OICE THFOI{ HABO COVEB SOFT COVEF OPEN
NO OF POINTS\ I 2 3 4 t 2 3 4 S E r ? 3 4 5 6 6 1 Z 3 4 5 6
1 I 1
I I 1 1
1 1 '| 1 1 z 3
I ,| 1 1 1 I 1 ?
1 ,l 1 .l 1 1 ? 5
6 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 6
1 1 1 t 1 1 I 1 t I I 3 7
,| 1 1 I 1 2 't 1
,| 1 z z
2 1 a
I I t 1 1 t I I
o 1 I 1 1 1 1 ,| ? ? I 4 to
1 1 1 e '| 'I
I
I 11
I ,| 1 1 I I 2 1 4 5 12
1 ? 1 1 I 3 3 '| 6
,l i ? 1 ,l ? 1 2 4 1 4 5
I ? 3 1 ? 4 t 3 4 2 4 1 6 7 1g
TABLE t TAELEA TABLE3 TAALE 4 TAALE 5

RANGES:Short(M"'. M€dium6-14'. l,ong l4-Z'

 19

The British reinforcementsanived on move 5 plus a D10 rcll

and therefore were not guaranteedto arive at alll A rule was
drawn up for assaulting the building units. If a unit was THE MODETBOX
defendedand the attacker wished to break in, then the
following procedurewasadopted.The defenderswere counted
12 lfVrlght Slreet,
andthe scorcofa D10 rcll addedto thisnumber.A D6 roll was
then added.o the numberof attackers.The relative scoreswere
Hull,
comparedandif the attackers'scor€betteredthe defenders'
two clear points, th€y could brcak in.
by Norlh Humberslde.
The'Dad's Army' weaponsw€re invariably subjectto a rule 0482-213483
whichendangered the usersaswell as the enemyl

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LIGNY, THE LASTVICTORY

PARTTWO THE RIVAL ARMIES
by S.M. Peqrse
The French army of 1815consistedlaryely of voluDteen ftom The Imperial HeadquanersuJ'rtrjistedoftbeMaison Mili ane
tbe former Bourbon army that had ralied to Napoleon,aod old and the Imperial Staff. The Mairon Miliraite @mpi*.Abaad
soldiers, disbanded at the Royalist r€stoGtion, garisoDs picked aides-de-camp(usualy Marshals or Generals) whose
undefeatedin the campaignsof 1813and 1814,and repatdated rcles included reconnaisanc€,delivery of Imperial orden, and
prisonersof war. They were uioitedbehhd th€ir Emporor aDd specific batdefield missioDs, leading gmups as small as
€ager for revenge against the Allies for past humiliations. compades to whole divisions. They had a reputation fot
C-onslriptswere calledup, bul most werestill od theii wayto the fearl€ssnessaDdseeilg that orderswerecarri€d out. Other stafr
depotswhen lhe campaigncame to ao end. carried lessimportant orders and iocluded personnelof €very
Napoleon'sArmee du Nord probably constitutedone of the variety iDcluding surgeons, inteligence agents, engineers,
6nest bodiesof troops that he bad ever led. They were fit, fuly audito$, pagesalld valets.The Imperial Staff, usuallyunderthe
trained, diqclFlinedand eagerveteransin tbe main. The bond Chief of Staff (a Ma$bal) had tbe job of transmittiag orde6,
b€tweenrhem atrd Napoleon was as it had beenin the yeals of issuing movement dircctives, Feparing "parade states" and
victory. Howev€r, there wasoDemajor flaw. There wasalways compiling repons.
the suspicionof b€trayal by somesenior of6cers which, in the Of a[ the Army of the North, oo corp6was hor€ important
€Dd,may havecontributed to their final deleat when,with cries than the Imperial Guard. Each rcgimefi wasusually comman-
of 'We are t!€tray€d' th€ army fell apart at the eDdoI the battle ded by 6 'Genelal de brigade.' and consbt€dof veteranswith at
of Waterloo. leasttwelve yearscampaignexperience.The inlantry rcgiments
The army gatheredfor the iNasion of Belgium consi,*€dof were orya[is€d itrto two battaliorB oI four compad€s, each
the Imp€rial Headquarters, the Imperial Guard, frve Corps compaDyofaround 150men. The cavalryregimentsconsistedof
d'Armee (number€d I, I], Itr, IV and VI) and four corps of four squadroN in the heavy cavalry, and frve h the light, oI
res€rvecavalry (numbered I to I9. amund 200 men each. As with all Frerch artilery companies.
 2l

EAGLE
The Collector's StandardTsoothWargamesFigures
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the GuardFootartilleryconshtedofeightpiecesofordnance in The anillerywasdividedup inlo l2 pr reserve companies

four sections,and six piecesin three sectionsfor the Horse (consisting of six 12 pr cannonandtwo 6 inch holvitzers),6 pr
artillery. The Guard aho had Marines,Engineersand cen, divisionalcompanies (consisting
ofsix 6 prcannonandtwo 5%
inch howitzers)and Horsecompanies servingwith the cavalry
(consistingof four 6 pr cannonand two 5r, inch howitzers).
A Corpsd'Armee consist€dof up to four infantrydivisions
and up to .wo cavalrydivisions,plus artillery and engineers.
Eachdivisionof infantryconsisted of two reginents(of two to The PrussianArmy. or 'The Royal PrussianArmy of the
four battalions)plusa cornpany ofartillery.Thecavalrydivision LowerRhine'togiveit itspropertitle, wasverymuchBlucher's
"MarshalForwards, " andadoredby histroops,
consistdof two brigades,of one or two regiments,eachagain army.Knownas
consisting of threeof four squadrons. Thereservecavalrycorps whomhe calledhis children,he wouldneveradmitdefeat.He
consistedof two cavalrydivisionsplus artillery. wasthe drivingforcebehindthe army.An ex-hussar, he would
not h€sitateto head an attack personallyif it looked like
Line infantrybattalionsrangedfrom 250to over 600men, faltering.During the peac€since 1814,the army had been
arrangedin six companies. The flank conpaniesconsistedof largelyre-organised and,althougha Prussianarmy,it included
grenadiers (whoformedon the rightofthe Iine)andvol.igeun recruits from tenitories newly acquired after the end of the
(who formedon the left of the line) and centrecompanies of Confederationof the Rhine. None of the troops could be
tusiliers.Light infantry batlalionsconsistedof carabinien, comparedwith their Frenchopposites(there were no '6lite'
voltigeursand chasseurs,respectively,organied as Line units like the Imperial Guard) exceptpossiblythe first 12
battalions.Therewaslittle differencebetweenthetwo typesoI regiments,the Silesianrifle battalion, and some cavalry
battalions,althoughLight battalionswere recognised ashaving regiments.The Landwehr,or reserveunits, were definitely
a highermoraleandstatus.The voltigeursactedasskirmishers secondclasstroops.
and consisted of menrecognised for their ability to operatein
looseformation,takingadvantage ofterrain, andableto shoot Blucher'salmy washeadedby a smallstaff,no morethan50,
accurately.(Although at times whole baualionswould be and divided into four army corps, numberedI to tV, each
deployedas skirmishers).The GrenadieEconsistedof the normallyheadedby a LieutenantGeneral.
strongerand morc expe encedmen of the battalion.and Each corps consistedof four infantry brigades and two or
usuallyspearheaded attacks. three cavalrybrigades,plus artillery and engineers.Infantry
Cavalrysquadrcns rangedfrom l00menormore. Theywere bngadesconsistedof two line regimentsand one land{ehr
divided into Light cavalry(chasseurs, hussarsand lancers), regiment, each oI three battalions, plus attachedjagers
HeavycavalryGrenadien.cuirasseurs and carabiniers),and (rifle-arned skinnishers).Line regimentsconsistedof one
Mediumcavalry(dragoons) who couldoperatein openorderas fusilierbattalionand two musketeerbattalions.All battalions
light cavalry.but who morenormallyformedup with the heavy consistedoffourcompanies of 160menor moremen.Somealso
cavalryon the fieldofbattle.Theywererespected for the range had their own iaser detachment.
and accuracvof their fire when skirmishins-
22
Thecavalrybrigadesconsisled ofone orlwo regimenrs of lir;c
or landwehrunits.The heavycavalryconsisted ofdragodnsand G.J.M,FIGURINES
uhlans.Light cavalryconsisledof hussarsandlandwehr.Thrl WarsamesFlsurespainiedto.olr€ctoresrdnda,d
too som€times hadtheir own mounledjagerdetachmenl. Linc 5mm to 3omm 5mm samplerreewirh SAEor 5 lFas
F o rs a m p l e1 5 m ml s ! r e a n d
reginentshadfour squadrons andlandwehrup to six. Strensrh lor 25mmsampleligurepayableloGerad Cronn
var;edfrom 80lo 150or more per squadron.but thereNere 24 CheslieldMews-StanlonCrose,Orp nsro.,
generallymore men than horscs. Somc squadrcnsvere
smnaspecialitv T€lophone:0639201r5124ht
atlacheddirecdyto infantry brigades.

Artillery consistedof Foot and Horsecompanies. eachof 8

guns.The Footcompanies ofsix l2 pr cannonandlwo
consisted
10 pr howitzers,or six 6 pr cannonand t$o 7 pr hos,itzers.or
eigh.7pr howitzers.Horsecompanies werethesameasthe6 pr AW Dreanrdnritl1
HISTOFI ICAL '.Nc' FANIASTY
By 1815.most armiesusedsimilarm€thodsof wagingwar, FIGUFTE PAINTEFI TC
the only differ€ncebeingtheir ability to mainrain.deplo) and c|txctN MtNta.'u-Es
manoeuvrecombinedunits The Frenchwere far superiorin A PFIIVATE CG|LLEC] t]FISi
lhis field which,logetherwilhcentralcornmandanda superior ='€nd €4,5c| + 3ae fo. sadple collecto.s
staff syslem,usuallygave them rhe edge. (The reserveof qu6lirv di6i.tu.e + list€ to
generalofficersthat could lead specialattacks.for instance,
N ick Fleynold6
beingoneexample).Warfarecenlredonmaintainingthe lineof 13, Chu.ch Lane
battle.or firing line. and the aim in battlewasto disruprthc t<ill€ma.Ehr sitleflield =;3a CIAS
enemy'sline of battle. and hencehis abiUtyro resisi.while
maintainingone s own. The line of battleconsisledof linesof
infantryandartillery,supponedby cavalry.andotherinfantry
and artillery,on the t'lanksand to the rear.
Infantry operatedin closeorder to form the main line of SECONDCHANCEGAMES
battle,or open or extended.order as skirmishers. Most close Mail Order specialists in boatd wargaming.
orderinfantryby 1815formedinto two ranksto fire, but somc
Sp€clalistsin old and oul ot print gamesand maga-
mrintainedthree.To manoeuvrearoundthe battlefield,or to anes
chargc.tbeyusuallyformeda columnof linesof companies. one AvalonHill, Balrleline.
Clashol Arms,Cotumbiacames,
behindthc other-The moreexperienced a unit. the morelikely G.DW, HisloncalConcepls,HoDbyJaDan,Omeoa
it would be to operatein two ranks,and be ableto skirmish. Games.OSG.PantherGames.PeopbaWaroames, Ouir
Lesswelltrainedunitswouldoftenbekeptin columnsandused lerdeck, S'nulanonsCanaoa SPl, las<to-rae.Vtclorv.
Weslend.WWW.Yaqurnto
as reserves1o make local counter'attacks. chargingwith thc S&T subscriptionf14.00 3 issues or !26.75 6 tssues.
bayonet.To resistcavalry.infantry formed squares.usuallY Othersubsare availablelor Grenadier,F&M.cenelatelc.
GDWEuropaians ETO& EuropaNuis& Bo[s in sto.k
I alsobuyyourunwanred qa.nesard maqa?rn.s,
sendhsts
Theskirnishersusuallyoperaled in pairs.Makingthemostot SendlaryeSAr + 2Spinstanpstat mt iapaoccatatogre
cover.a manwould not fire until his partnerwasloaded.The SecondChanceGames,62 EartstoneRoad,Wallasey,
roleofthe sk'rmishers wasto givewarningofeneInyattack.and Me.seyside.Tel: 051-638-3535
precedetheir own army in attacks.They would snipeat the
opposingforces to help in the processof disruptionand
demoralization, and lry to preventthe opposingforcesdoing artillery concentrat€don one parr oI rhe encmy line. Thc
infantrymanocuvred in battationcolumns.deployinginlo linc
'lhe whencominginn) muskerrangeofthc cnemv_The cavalrvand
afitllery,'Labtutal ^s rheFrenchsoldierscalledit. could l r g h a
r ' l r l l e rdv e t l , , ) e d
i n c h a e . u n p o ' r . , ,hre t dt J r r o t r h e
dominat€a ballefield and bloB holesin the enemys lines. enemyforcesin check.The Frcnchwerepast
mastersofth€use
reducinghisabilityro attack,or withstandattack.Theyboosted of'krrmi,her..borhintrnrr\andca\atry.rnd
rheyheadcJa
the moraleof their own troops. even when not being very arlack\. Thereserue zlwavs IncluJeJ,ome ot rhehea!\J i ery
effectiveagainstthe enemy.They attemptedto deployso that andheavycavalry. Whenthe encmyshowedsigns ofweakness.
they enfiladedan enemyunil. or so thal their shot bounced tbereserve(oftenincludingrheGuardifNapoteonwaspresent)
throughseveralenemyformations,Nhilethemselves presenting was sent lo atta€k. This usually proved
decisive.There
thc smallestpossibletargetto the cnemy.The Frencharlillery remainedonly the pursuit.If donecffeciivetyit coutdprevent
wasparticularlyadeptat goingforwardIo supportanacks. theenem)fromeverbeinpubtelo o cr h0lrtedgJin.
Prussian tacticscentred on the brigadeofinfantry,supported
Thecavalrybythistimewasusedtoprovideathrearroen€my by cavalryandartillery.The fusilierbattalionsinitialy forncd
units.by its ability to moveat speed.Infantrycouldnormally the firing linc, sendingout iheir thjrd rank to operareas
only resistcavalrytrhile in a squarc, but this made them skirrnishers, support€d byjagers.Themuskereers andIandwehr
vulnerableto artilleryand eneny infanrry.Artillery required woulddeployin columnsin closesupporr.abteto deptoyinto
cbse supporifrom its own troops.Finally.cavalrywould be nne. or counter-atrack as nccessary. Thc cavalfywould then
usedto pursu€a defeatedfoc. completingtheirdisruption.and deployin the rcar aslhe final support.The prussians' favourir€
preventingthem from rallying.However.all cavalryat thistime attack was thc attack in column. rhe barralioncommander
$d' n,'loriuusl)badarscouring. rnd souldorrcnmi\\anencmy leadingonhorseback. The cavalrysupporredthe infantrywell,
army altog€theror pursueonly minor units. often makingsacrificialchargesto colcr retreals!or give rhe
Frenchtacticsrelied on closeco operationof all arm!. A infantrya brealhingspace;or coutdpnrsuemercitessty.
battle usuallyopencd with a generalbombardmentand an
attackto pin theenemyanddrawforwardhisreserves. Reserve Nextmonth:Preparingthe wargane.
 l-l

THEU.S..MEXICAN
WAR1846.48
PART
2
by Colin Ashton

After long discussionsand negotiations. Texas $.rs iormally lbrt ceaselessly until May 8th, when the dcf€nden s.ere
convincedthat the final assaultwas 1o comc. Insteid. lhe
a n n e x e dt o t h e U n h e d S l a t e s a. s h a db e e nh e r w i s h T h i s w a si n
complete disregrrd of Mexican rhr('.rls thai rny slr,:h a.tion iuexic.tnsbegan to withdraw. The day bcfore. lhe main
w o u l d r e s u l ti n w a r . P r e v a i l i n gs c n t i n r e nitn r l ) c U o i r e dS l l t . s
Anrericanarmy had left Point Isabelto returnto Crmp lexas
andraisethe siege.On the morningof the 8th. l aylor's116r).
r e g a r d e di t a s t h er i g h l o f t h e i r c o u r t r \ n , s p r c r do l c r r h e N h o l e
. . N l a n i f c (D c s r i n v .
o f t h e c o n t i n e n ta l w i l l l h e i r weakenedby sicknessand desenionto j'rsl over 2.2{li)mcn
Unti! this
d a t ec o n f l i c t i n gc l a i m so ! c f ! u n J m o u n t so f l c r r i ( r I h a d b e e n
encounteredthe Mexicanarmyofsomel.S(J0 |n!'n!t P!l) Ako.
During a short andfiercebaltlethe Americrn lrtillery c.rused
m a d eb y M e x i c o .t h c U n i t e d S t r t e s a n dl h e R e p u b l i c o f l c x r s .
bul rpart fron clashesrloig th!' Ie\as-Nlexi.an hor.ier thjngs scverecasuallies on theMexicaninf.rntry ,nd a Mexicrnc laln'
h r t l r e m a i n e df a i r l vp e r c c l u l .T h i n g s$ e r e . h o w e ! e r .l o c h : n g e .
char8ewas bloodily repulsed.Thc Nlcxicanarnrvtroke rn(i
D ring Mrreh l8+6 Ciener l Zachary Taylo r with an army of tled The lollowingday, continuinghis advrnce.Tavlor rs.'i,r
a strongMexicanposit'onrt R.sacJd'r lr i,.rl|Ia.
s o m e3 5 0 0m e n . g c t t j n go n i i ) r h l l f o f t h c c n t i r e U . S . R e g u l a r
encounrered
After a briefstrugglethe Americanshroketh.or.qhand (trrre(
A r m y , n N v c d s o u t bf r o m h i s b . t s ,r t C o r p u s C h r i s l i . T c x a sr n. d
afrcr a minor incide!)l with .r Mexican ca!.rlry parrol arrived at
rhc lvlcxiciuarmycompletely.The Mexicrnsregroupedon th-
th,r Rtu Grande oFtosite rhe Mexicrn citv of M.rtamoros on souihcmbankofthe Rio Grande.Losses in thetlvobrrtlcsnrd
IVI^r"h2sth- After.r l0{) nrile tiek acro\s pr.ririe and desert thc
bcenabout170Arncricans and 1.100Mexicaos
-d lairv \ision h!forc (,ur
citl of lvlrtanro()r lookcd like A fcw days later Taylor crossedthe river afld occuprcd
enrapturcd.ycs. lhc city ,fas eolb.qcredio grccn ftniJge l\l:rtln,oros.whichhad beenabandonedbv lhe Mexicln\. I l.
sith lropical plants around thc *hrtc h.r rcs. tlad the 'pent threemonthsconsolidating hisposirion.Hc.c.cr.(l r(,
A . m e r i c d n s b e .rI$ J r L r r r ! tr N I < \ r ( u nJ r r l l r ' n c r l s , c c r i r e r irr .
$.rit for sufficienisuppliesand lransportto drrivc hrfor. r'r
wasin the vicinit!. ihe! n ight havc bc.n les. p.etic rn rheir
-[avlor c. ul(i continre wilh his plan and xdvanccinto Nlerico ln
d e s c r i p t i oo f l h e s i t u r l i o n . A,rgust.reintorcedby newlyarrivedvoluntecrunitshe led rr.
q u i . k l v c n t r . n c h e dh i sf o r c e
i n $ h a t b e c a m ek n o w n : ' s C a m p l e x a s a n d v a i t e d .
armyof6.6(Xl men,halfregular andhalfvoluntcer. (nv ids,hc
cily oftvlonlerey. The city wasdefendedby over7.(100 trnopr
andwasstronglyforrified.The garrisonhadrecovere,l from i's
IEXAS earlierdefeatsa.dwasunderthecommandof General Pedrode
Ampudia.After an assaultlastingthrcc dayr. culnrinrtingin
licioos streelfighting.the Mcricanscapitulated\!irh hor,onF
able termsand werc allowedto leave$c citv An eigLricek
armisticewas agreed.but terminaiedcarl) when word crrrc
that PresidentPolk disapproved. Tar-lortold thc ller.ic,llr,{,f
th€ chrngein circumstanccs and continuedsouth to Sillilk'
Lossesin rhis part of the campaignamounte(lto \onrc r0(,
American and 400 Mexican casualties.Reafhing Sahillo.
IvIFXICO Taylorwasmcl by GeneralWool. $,hohad marchedoverhnd
{i
fromSanAnronio$nh.rn army,,f l.rr00men
There then foloweda period of strategicdebate.Geoelrl
Winfield S. Scotl, commanderof the ll.S. Arnry Nrntcd to
'{. t!
carrythe war into the heartof M€xicoby rn invrsiofl I Vcra
I icu'-
-l*
s Cruz. For polili€alreasonsPresidcntPolk opposedthis idea.
i l o F preferinga 3tX)milemarchacrossdesertto SanLuisPotosi.and
thenceattackMexicoCity from the north. Taylor argucdin
irrxrc
Iavourof Scotts plan and Polk relented.The main Americrn
TAYLOR'SNORTHERNCAMPAIGN thrustwasto be via Vera Cruz.
FromJanuaryto March 18.17 Americantroopsassembled at
On April25th. an Americanreconnaissance forceof60-odd Tampico.Scottarrivedto take up his commandon February
LlrJgoon' unJerr cerrJinCrplrin Serh lhornron.acungnn l8th. He had about 10.000men. includingmost of Trvlor's
intelligencethat the Mcxicanshad crossedthe river. was seasoned regularswho hadbeendelached to form thc nucleusof
ambushedby somc 1600 Mexican lancersunder General the invasionforce. Taylor's role w.sIo be a defensiveone.
AnastasioTorrcjon rnd quicklyoverwhelmed. Taylor,fearful which.with only 5,000men.mosdyuntried\'olunleers.wasall
that his line of communicationro Poinrlsabelmight be cut. that couldreasonably be expectedof him-
movedwilh nrst of his f(rces downrivertowardsthe coasl. Meanwhile,SantaAnna had taken command.Througha
leaviflgsone 5l)0 mcn in CarnpTexas.As it happens.the capturedmessage he hadfullknowledgeof the Anrericanplans
l\lcxicansweretrying to cut Taylor'slink with hissupplybase. and determinedto quickly crushTaylor in the norlh before
but u)k so k)ngcrossingthe Rio Grandethat by !he time thelr ScottcouldarriveoffVera Cruz.SaniaAnna pushcdhisarny
wereall across.Taylor'sarmy had aheadypassed! of some20,000men.orth acrosstbe samedesertthat Taylor
Meanwhilethe Me\icansai Matamoroscrossed the ri!er and hadrefusedto cross.losing5.000mento thecffeclsofthe march
laidsiege toCampTexasonMay lst/2nd. Theybombardedtheanddesertion in thecourscofsome20(lrniles.Trylor howcvcr.
24

wastakenconpletelyby surpdse.Electingtodefendhisbaseat Meanwhile,SantaAnna had not been idle. He next set

Saltillohe took up def€nsivepositionsin the narrowmountain himsefthetaskofconvincingthepeople,andthearmy,thatthe
gapofAngostura,neartheHaciendaBuenaVista.SantaAnna costlydefeatat BuenaVistawasa greatvictory,in ord€rto gain
cut Taylor'slinesof communication with Saltilloand drovein the supporthe neededto preventthe Americansfrom leaving
hisoutposts.The followingday,on 23rdFebruary,he attacked the fever ridden coastalbelt. After both quellinga revolt in
with his main body. Althoughhe broke throughall alongthe MexicoCity andsqueezing a loanoftwo millionpesosfrom the
Americanline he wascheckedby the superiorU.S. artillery. churchhe marchedon Jalapawith his new recruitsand the
Several of Taylor\ volunteerunilsbroke andran,buttheothers remnantsofhis earlierarmy. On l2th April he entrenched his
heldand,suppo(edbythe batteriesof BraggandWashington, forcesin the passat Ceno Gordo,some12mileseastofJalapa.
drovethe Mexicansba€k.The Mexicanenvelopingmovealso On the same day, the first American advancedpatrols
failed after a brushwith Taylor'srearguardat Saltillo.Santa encourteredhis outposts.Following-ontwo dayslater, Scotr
Annawithdrewsouth,claiminga victory.In realityit wasmore began a careful three-dayreconnaissance of the Mexican
of a 'winningdraw' for the Americans.l,osseswerc heavy, positions.Scotts engineerc,including Lee, Mcclellan and
numbering700Americansand1500Mexicans- Thecampaign in Beauregard,discoveredpaths through the supposedlyim-
the north wasover- penetrablewoodlandand gorgesthat protectedthe Mexican
flanks, and on lTth/l8th April the Mexicanswere killed or
woundedand a further3,000madeprison€r,togetherwith 40
gunsleft on the battlefield;400 Americanswere lost. Scott
continuedhis advanceandcapturedthe city of Puebla,just 75
rnilesfrom MexicoCity. Here he haltedto r€group,ashisforce
had dwindledto less that 6.000. Four thousandvolunteers
whoseenlistments hadexpiredhaddemanded to returnhome.
They werenot respecters ofgeographyor the dangertheyleft
their mmradesinl It took threemonlhsfor Scottto rebuildhis
army'sstrengthto around11,000.Leavinga snall garrisonto
watchoversome3.000sickandwoundedhe recommenced his
marchon MexicoCitv at the startof Ausust.

det R::,_Y 1

THE MARCH ON MEXICO CITY

Back at sea,GeneralScottarrivedoff the city of Vera Cruz
with his army of some 10,000men. Their preparationsand
journeyhadbeenfairly uneventtul.The armywascomposed
menwhohadmostlyalreadyseenactionagainstthe M€xicans,
of ."^.."u
organisedinto two divisions of regulars and a third of t)
volunteers- At thebeginningof March1847thearmyembarked
from its baseat Tampicoto sailto the islandof Lobosfor final
preparations.They then procededto Vera Cruz, aheady
blockadedby the U.S. Navy. The first troopslandedon 9th
March,totallyunopposed. Threedayslaterthe Americanshad
formed a seven mile siege line around Vera Cruz and had OPERATIONSAROUND MEXICO CITY
isolatedthecity ftoln its watersupply.Refusingto wastemenin AUG-SEPT1847
a costlyassault,Scottwaitedfor hisgunsto be landed,delayed
by adveneweatherconditions, andit wasnot until22ndMarch Discoveringhis directroute into the city blockedby strong
that the first batteries were ready to commencethe bombard- Mexicanfortifications,he skifted round to the south,only to
ment.Thebombardment lastedfivedaysandon 25thMarchthe find equallystrongoppositionawaitinghim at Contrerasand
Mexicansasked for a cease-fire.Three days larer they Churubusco.On August 20th he assaultedboth positions
simultaneously, and burst thrcughthe Mexicanlinesat great
Scott\ immediateproblemwasto movethealmyinlandaway cost,losingover 1,000men. The Mexicansstreamedbackto
fromtheyellowfeverwhichwasbeginningto showitself.Purely MexicoCity, havinglost around10,000men, a third of their
for the wrong reasonshe savedthe lives of many of his men in forces!Shortlyafter thesebattlestherewasan armisticewhile
billeting troopsalongtbe seajrontin the hopethat the strongsea peace proposals were discussed, but after two weeks of
breezeswould dispelthe "bad air" cornmonlythrcught to be the time-wastingby the Mexicanrepresentatives, Scottresumedhis
causeof the fever.Actually,aswe now know,it is mosquitoes offensive.
which carry the fever, and they were kept well away ftom rhe Iraming of a large Mexicanforce in the gun foundry/fortress
encampmentby the strongoffshorewinds. On April 8th the first of Molino del Rey, Scottlauncheda costlydaylong assault
American tioops left the city for their next objective, the rown whi€hfinallysucceeded in its aim, fora lossof nearly800men.
of Jalapa, some 74 miles inland, en route for Mexico City. No gunswerediscovered, noreventhemeansto castthemlThe
 25

Mexicanswer€againtotallyrouted,losing2,700out of nearly
12,00{Javailable.On September 12th.Scott'sarmyreachedthe
foot ofthe fonified hill of Chapultepec,
beforethe wallsoI MexicoCity.
the lastmajorobstacle Fifieen Mill
181 BIN M I.AM, BURTON.ON.TIINT,
Il was bombardedand taken by storm on the 13th. (02$) 6n92
Simultaneouslyother Amedcan columns drove along the
DE130I{8.
STAFFS Tue-Sat,
10-6
causeways to the BelenandSanCosrnegatesunderveryheavy Ved 10-5
fire. Duringthe night,Scott'sexhausted armypreparedfor the Minifigs; EssexAnc, Col, Napi TTG-EC\J{/,Fan;
final assault,but SanlaAnna withdrewfrom the city, leaving Donnington'AncjMatchlocki Ospreyi Plaka
only asmaligarrisonwhichsurrendered beforea shotwasfired. SAIE OF DISCONTINUEDLINES 20% OFF
Sconoccupiedthecity atonce.Lossesonthefinaltwo dayshad New Ess€xrang€sand MiningsTang& Burgundiansin stock
againbeenheavy- over 800Americansand 2,000Mexicans. Mailorderwelcome 15nm PaintingRates
Furtherlosses wereincurredthroughsniperattacks,lhe workof P&P- Below55 - 50p Foot 5@ Xasing10p
ex'Mexicansoldien and releasedconvicts,numberingsome Over55 - Postfree Mounted
90i)
30,000!Heavylosseshad to be avoidedasthe Anerican army Location
maDin Wl.l4
wasill placedto lose more men and its posirionwas not an
enviableone,being10all intentsandpurposes isolatedfromthe
restof the world. Scottorderedthe streets"sweptwirh grape" provin€e.It wasnot until DecemberthatKearneymadehisfilst
and hea\y guns 'lurned upon the houseswhencefire pro- attemptto breakthroughtheMexicansoutsideSanDiegoat the
ceeded.' Eventuallythecity wasquietedin whatScottcalledhis BattleofSanPascal, but{ailed.Hedid, however,makecontact
-drsrnfe,ringac on. Ite 5mallsizeof his army wa\ a seriou\
with Stockton\ battalionof sailorsand marinesand at the
Droblem:no reinforcements wouldreachhim until afterthe lst. Ba$le of San Gabiel on January8th Keameysrcceededin
breakingthroughthe MexicanpositionsoutsideLos Angeles.
Meanwhileat Puebla,the 400stronggarison had beenin a The followingdayhe defeatedthem againat the Batdeof the
stateofsiegewhichlastednearlya monthuntil a reliefcolumn Mesa, totally breaking the back of Mexican-Californian
foughtitswaythroughSantaAnna'stroops.SantaAnnamade reshtanceandoccupyingI-osAngeles.Californiawasthence'
hislaststandat Huamantla.inwhichCaDtainSamuelWalkerof for.h to remainfirmly in Americanhands.
the Texas Rangerswas the most notable casualty,being An offshot of K€amey'sexpeditionwas that of Colonel
mortallywounded.The town was pillagedby the victorious AlexanderDoniphanandhis8s6MissouriMountedRiflemen.
Americansoldiery,andthreedayslaterPueblawasrelieved.A Sentfrom SantaFe. NewMexicoto r€inforceC€neralwool in
seriesof anti-guenillaoperationswere mountedto clearthe northem Mexico they marched over 2,000 niles through
supplyroutefrom Vera Cruzto MexicoCity. Apart from a few inlospirablerenain.Theyhadno uniforms.payor commissa-ry.
minor skirmishesthe war was over. Peacenesotiationshad andwereall 'amateurs' by anystandards, with no formalcodeof
begunwhichwouldcontinue unr'll-ebruary
1841. discipline.Despitethis they werc to win two victoriesover
superiorMexicanforces,firct at Brazito, and then outside
MEANWHILE...WAYOUT WEST! Chilauhuaat the Battle of the SacramentoRiver. Mexican
casualties numberedir the hundredsagainsta merehandtulof
Califomiahad beenin a somewhatdisturbedconditionsince Anerican losses.He finally reachedSaltillo, where, their
1842,whenConmodoreThomas apJones,U.S.N. hadlanded enlistments just aboutup, his entireforcedispersedand went
a navalforcear Monteray(a differentone!).This acthadbeen
repudiatedby the Americangovernment, but not forgottenby
the populationof California.Upon the outbreakof the war,
Captain John C. Fremont had been leading a tuneying' TIIE PEACE
missionin the west. Revoltsby the Americansettlerswere
fomented and control of the provinc€ wrested from the Meanwhileon February 2nd, 1848the peacenegotiationswere
Mexican-Californian population,who to all intentsand pur- concludedwhenthe TreatyofGuadalupeHidalgowassigned.
poseshadbeentivingin an independent republic,suchwasthe the United Statesagreedto make a paynent of 15 rnillion
gulf beiw€enthat provinceand MexicoCity. dollars to the Republic of Mexico. In return shewould receive
In July the CalifornianMexicansrosein revolt against the California,Nevada,Utah, mostof Arizonaand New Mexico,
Americansandregained€ontrolof muchof the province.The andpartsofColoradoandWyoming.Thesouthemboundaryof
previousnonth, Fremont had sent a messageto Brigadier Texaswas confirmedas the Rio Grande.The U.S. Senate
StephenKearneyreportingthat he had securedthe prcvince. ratified the treaty and the documentswere exchangedon 30th
Keameyhadbeenchargedwith occupyingNewMexico,which May, takingimmediateeffect.On 12thJunethe evacuation of
he did withoutfiringa shot.UponreceivingFremonthmessage Mexico City began, and by the startof Augustthe lastAmerican
he left mostof his armyof some1,700menbehindin SantaFe soliderwas leavingMexicansoil at Vera Cruz. The war was
and with about 120dragoonsproceededtowardsSan Diego.
Unfortunately,bythe timehe nearedhisobjectivehe foundhis
route blockedby a largeIorce of Mexicancavalry.Obvioudy
Fremont had been somewhatprematurein his statement
regardingthe 'pacification'of Califomia!The aforementioned
revolt had been partly causedby fu(her Anerican naval U,N.I.T.S.
landingsall alongthe coastat Monteray,SanFrancisco,San WABGAME SERVICES NEW AND USED WARGAME FIGURES
Diego, SantaBarbaraand Los Angelesunder Commodore Am6 bouahr lor 6h Pdn *hanqe Dcsible
Sloatand his su€cessor CommodoreStockton.To compound AX Pai.rino s€ruice ' Pla* *nd SAf bi N
ooDular ela. inm s!€.iallv See E dr shM h'oushoul 89
matters further. Fremont had been named Governor of Giie David or J'nie a inq on (0226 295180) Day or aenins
California which, understandably,the Mexi€an-Califomian or shv not d@ G a line to:
40 cnrtrc;L St'et, Bddev s70 6LP
populationobjectedto. Hencetherisingwhichtemporarilywas
to knockthe Americanson their heelsand regainmostof the
26

GTOBAT
CONTTICT BYLANDANDSEA
PARTIV: NAVATWARFARE
by Keith Benson

TIIE WAR AT SEA T.ble 9 oRDER Of BATTLE. MI\ORCA, !0.5.56

It is not possibleto do more than give a brief outline of the
courseof the naval war, some aspects,especiallywher€ they BRITISH:
impinge on land operations will be dealt with in more detail Ranizies (Flag, Adniral of the Blue, John Byng). 90
later in the series.
The first major naval action occurred before war was Buckngnd (Flag. Rear Adniral of the Red. T€mple
declared;in 1755Frenchtransports,escortedby 14line of battle West) 70
shipsunder Comte de la Motte sailed with reinforcementsfor
Tri&nt, Revenge, Intrcpid, Captain, all64
Canada. This was known to the British government, and Kingston, Pinces Louisa, Defrance, all60
Boscawenwith 1l line of battle ships sailed to intercept. Th€ Deptford, Ponland, 50
weather scatteredthe French fleet ard Boscawenonly located
three, 'Peaceor war' qu€ried the French, 'Peace' replied the PhoeDtu,Expeinent, Dolphin, all 20
British, just before the brcadsidesdpped into the French.
Despite this, there was no official declaration of war, ev€n
thoughthe British decidedto attack French shippings/henever FRf,NCH*
and whereverit could be found. In the remainderof 1755,ll0 Foudrcyant (FtaE, LL General d€ la Galissniere). 80
French merchantmenwere captured, in monetary terms this qburorre (Flas, Cb€f d'Escadre De La Clue). 74
meanta lossof sevemlmillion pounds,of more damagewasthe Redourable(FIag,Chefd EscadreDe Glendeves),74
Gueniet, Tenenirc, 74
loss of 8000trained and ineDlaceableseamen Titon, Lion. Content, Sage,Oryhee, all64
In 1?56 a French neet, tZ strlps under calissoniere, Fier, Hippopotene, 50
tmnsport€d a French almy to Minorca which was besieged,all
this without declaring war! Admiral Byng, with ten unfit and
undemanned ships was ordered to relieve it. He collected a Rose,32
further three ships at Gibraltar and headed for Minorca. A1
Gibraltar he had leamed that the Frenchhad landed. caDtured
Poa Mahon and werc besiegtngSr. Phillips Casrla. rhe
Govemorhadalreadypersuaded Byngnot to rcquisitionanyof on thedeckof H.M. S.St. George,"pourencouagerlesautres."
the Gibraltar garrison.Byng reachedMinorca on the 19thMay. Following the fall of Minorca, Britain fomally declaredwar
At 06.00 the next day he sighted the Frcnch fleet. Byng was on France.The attachedtable givesthe two orders of battle at
outclassed in terms o{ broadsid€ weight and the age and Minorca.
condition of his ships.To achievevictory meant very different Pitt determinedtbat the only way for Britain to be victorious
things to the two sides;B!.ng had to defeat the French fleet in in the war was for her to seize command of tbe seas. and
order to saveMinorca, wher€asthe French merely neededto throughoutthe war this remainedone ofhis prine objectives.
avoid battle and keep open a communicationrcute to Touloo. He set about it with his usualdetermination,in the face of
ln siauationssuch as this, the standard French tactic was to considerable opposition,and expandedthe nary.
manoeuvre, keeping out of range of the muderous Bitish Austria, following the de€larationof war, promptly gave
broadsides,and usingtheir stem gunsto bring do\rn mastsand France accessto the Channel ports of Nieupo(, Ostend and
rigging at long range, thus immobilising the enemy. Bruges,aFrenchinvasionseemeda real possibilityastransports
began to gather. Allied with events in Germany, where
Both fleets were in a line fomation, as standard docrrine Frederick appearedto be in trouble, theseeventsgoadedPitt
demanded,Byng approacheddiagonallyaimingto fall on the into action; he detemined on a diversionaryraid on the Frcnch
junction of th€ rear and centre Fr€nch squadrons.Hidebound coast.Rochefon,a navalandprivateering base,wasselectedas
by the'unbroken line'doctrine, and unable to correcdy the target, and a force of 16warshipsand55tmnspons amassed,
interpret the rudimentary signals,someof his shipsdre* ahead hovrever they failed to land and retumed without having
to closethe extendedF enchlire ship for ship, a mistakethat de achievedanything except to ale( the French. Despite this the
la Galissonierespotted and thus held his van squadronback. series of raids and landings, often in considerablestrength,
The r€sult wasthat tbe British shipsstmggledinto actionone by continuedthroughoutthe war, with notablemidson St. Malo,
one, Byng himself failing to engage. The end resutt was a CherbourgandBelleisle.Theseactionswill be cover€din more
tactical defeat, four ships being badly damagedto the French d€tail later in this series.In 1758the nary attackedandcaptued
none. Morally Byng could claim a victory, having forced his Emden, thus openinga better route of communication with
fleet betweenthe Frenchand the island.Decidinsthere was Frederick.
nolhing more lo be done. Byng relumed ro Cibrahar. St. A further expeditionwasdespatched in 1758,consistingof
Phillip's Castle fell on the 26th June. two ships of the line (64 and 50 guns), four frigates and 200
Byng was ordered to retum to England, there he was madnes. h was prompted by British commercialinterestsand
prompdy anested and court madalled, death being the sailed to the Senegal river in W. Africa. They found the
decreedpunishment.The court recommendedclemency,but a entmnceto the river, and the Frenchtrading post, guardedby a
combinationof public out.age and political expediencydeman- fort. Undeterred they navigated up the treacherousriver and
ded a scapegoat.Byng paid the price, executionby firing squad landed the trooDs uDriver oI the fort. The fon and associated
 21

tradingpostpromptlysunendered. The expeditionsailedon to

Goree, tbe main Frenchoutpostin the region,but this was Table 10 ORDER OF BATILE, LACOS BAY
foundto betoo strong.Piqued,Pitt despatched a morepowerful
fleetunderKeppel,the ships'gunspoundedthe defences irto BRTTISr|I
rubbleand Goreewascaptured,as were a[ the oth€r French Namu/ (Boscawen, Admiraloflhe Blue), 90
tradingpostson the w. Alrican coast,Francesufferedand Pr;ce (Broderick.Vice Admiraloi the BIue),90
NePar*, 80
British merchantsprofitted. Warcpite, Culloden, Conquercr, Swiftsute. 74
LimitedBdtishnavalforces,neverexceeeditgnine ships,in Edgar, St. Albans, Intrcpid.64
Indianwatersunderfirst WatsonandthenPocock,foughtand
won three fiercely contested battles against more powerful Po land, GDetusey,50
Frenchforcesunderd'Archeinthe penod1758-1759. Thiswas
not an easycampaign,despitethe nearestFrenchnavalbases IRENCHI
being Reunion and Mauritius. The British naq also gave ocea, (De la clue),80
invaluable support to the land forces, on several occasions Redoutable, Souveran,Gueniet, Tenerairc, 74
landingsailors,marinesand gunsto join in the fighting.This Modeste, Fantasque,Lion, Tnbn, 64
campaignwill be consideredin more detail in a further part of
this series.Both sidesmade a great naval effort in conjunction Chinerc,26
Minefle, Graccieuse.24
with the North Americancampaigns. (This hasaheadybeen
coveredin earlierpartsof this series.)
underDe La Clueslippedtheir moorings.He wasspottedand
During the period of 1758-1759there was an extensive Boscawensailed in pursuit. During the night De La Clue lost
combinedoperationby the navy and army in the Caribbean, touch with someof his rearwardshipsandslowedat daybreakto
folowing the entry of Spain into the war in 1762a tunher allowthemto catchup. He realised,too late,that the pursuing
campaign was waged in the same watersj allied to this an shipswere in fact British, and briefly took retuge in Cadiz. He
expedition also sailed to Manila in the Pacific. All these sailedfrom Cadizon 17.8.59and foughta brief engagement in
operarionsare consideredin Parr V of rhis series. which Cerkurwas lost. andbroke clear. The British fleet found
In 1759the French came up with a se;ous plan to invade him againon 18.8.59 in LagosBay.In a fiercebattlethe French
Britain, unfortunately the plan was not only complicated but lost a total of sixships(two run ashore,two sunk, two captured).
totally beyond their capabilitiesto carry out. The Touloo and Of the remainder,two reachedBrestandsixreturnedto Cadiz.
Brest fleets were to combine, collect the assembledtransports It was a decisiveBritish victory.
fromOuib€ronandconvoyrhemro landin Scorland. The fleers An even bigger British naval victory also happeneda few
were th€n to sail aroundScotlandand collect further transDorts monthslater, in Octoberthe French West lndies squadron
from rhe Norlh Seator a funher Ianding.in conjunclionwith underdeCoD0ans reachedBresl.Larerrhatsamemontbhewas
thistherewasto be a diversionary landingin lreland(seemap). orderedto sail to Ouiberon Bay. Aided by th€ watchingHawke
The plan was doomed to failure; Rodney destmyed the being blown off station with adversewinds, he sailed with 21
assembledtransports at Le Havre, Dunquerque was mder ships of the line. Hawk€ with 23 ships of the line set off in
blockade/observation,a British squadronwaited in readinessin pursuit. As eveningfell, de Conflans decidedto take retuge in
the Downsand Hawke lay ofJ Brest. MeanwhileBoscawenwas the treachercusand shoal ridden waters of Quiberon Bay. It
in the Mediterranean. In August while his fleet took on food was a mistake,with all possiblesail bent on, dusk falling and a
and water at Gibraltar, the French fleet of 15 sail of the line galeblowing,Hawke followedhim in and engag€d.Superior
seamanshipandgunnerywon the day, despiteBritish losses(see
map) it was a magnificent victory, with the French losing
heavily. It also ef{ectively ended their ambirions of invading
Ensland.

Tlble ll ORDER OF BATTLE,

QUTBERONBAY, 20.II.59

BRITISH:
Rolai Georye(Sir EdwardHawke,Admnalofrhe BIue),100
Urrbr (Sir CharlesHardy, Vice Admiralof the Blue),90

MaB, Warspite, Hercules, Torbay, Magnanine, Resohtion,

Seihshure, Donelshire, BDrtotdd. Chbheste\ Tenple, TO

KiDgston,Inttepid, Montaque, Dmkirk, Defiane, 60

FRENCH:
sole,:tRola1(De Conflars,Admiral), 80
To,rarr (BeaufremonI,Vice Admiral), m
Fom,it"b/e (De Verser, Rear Admiral), 80
o,err (Guebriant.Chefd Escadre).80
Intrepide, Gloneux, Thesee,Heros, Robuste,MagDitiE e,

Nonhunberland, Juste, Datphin Royal, 7O

Map showing the prcposed Frcnch inwsion plan of 1759. Sphy[x, Solitaire, Billiant, Eveille, Bizane, Infiexible, A
Dooned to failurc becaue of the complkated naturc, and the
assumptionthat therev/ould be no signilicant kterfercncefton Calrpe,16
28
As a postscriptto the navalaspectsof the war; that sameyear custom,standardfighting instructionsand the primitive and
(1759),oneThurot at the headof sixprivateerssailedfrom St. limitedrangeof signalsavailable.A morerealisticgamecanbe
Malo on the 15th. In January 1760he r€achedCarickfergus, obtainedby imposingsignallinglimitations.Someideaof the
whichpromptlysurrendered. Jubilant,the forcesailedon, only limitations of the signalsof the period can be gleanedfrom the
to be intercepted by patrolling frigates and sunk. With them fascirnile reprinh of Sai/irg and Fighting Inst ctions for His
were endedFrenchnavalaspirations, althoughblockadeduty Majesty's Fleet 1775 and the additional ones from 1779,both
remained a tedious necessity for the Royal Nary for the availablefrom Bill Leeson,5 St. Agnell'sLane Cotts,Hemel
remainderof the war, just in case. Henpstead.Althoughofa slightlylaterdatetheydo givea very
For me,the Britishnavalattitudeto the waris summedup by goodidea of the limitations.
Boscawen's comment;on beingcalledto the quarterdeck in his However,fleetactions,or evensingleshipactions,areonlya
nightshirt and informed that there were two French ships in snall part of the navalwargamingoptionsopenfor thiswar. A
sight, the officer of the watch askedwhat to do.'Do! Do, Iargeproportionofthe Britishnavaleffort wasdevotedto the
damnit!Fight'em!" wasBoscaw€n\pithy answer. safe convoying and tanding of land forces. These make
This necessarilycunory overview of someof the navalevents interestingand differentgames;carefulnavigationup hostile
of the SevenYearsWar, in conjunctionwith the moredetailed waterwaysmakingyour own chartasyou go is one option,the
accountselsewhere in this series,wi , I hope,havesened to use of scratchbuil boats enableslanding operationsto be
whet a few appetitesand evenprovide inspiration. It doesoffer gamed. These operationsoccured worldwide, the North
a rich andrewardingvein of wargames both purely
scenarios, Americanoperations havingbeencovered previouslyGeepa(s
navaland as combinedoDerations. IlandlII), muchthe samehappened in the Channel,India,the
Caribbeanand the Pacific.
WARGAMING: FIGURES,RULES AND BOOKS Theculminationof manynavalactions,both fleetandsingle
Thefirst impression is thatthereareno suitableshipmodehfor ship, wasthecry "Boardersaway,"thiswouldmakeanunusual
the SevenYearsWar, afterall, no-onedoesa range.True,but and different figure wargame. Ship deck plans can be either
did not alternoticeablybetweenthe drawn on paper, or a model of the deck can be built usingcard
shipdesignandappeamnce
SevenYearsWar andthe NapoleonicWars,with the exception and wood, detailed to taste (and skill). The more ambitious
in the (and skilled) might even like to build a waterlinemodelwhere
of gunnery advances,and a lot of the ships used
Napoleonic Wars were built in the Seven Yea$ War. The each deck level lifts off to giveaccess to the deckbelow.Sucha
game could be fought either using a one-to-oneratio or a mote
answer,becausetherc is no alt€mative,is to useNapoleonic
ships,perhapstbe most extensiveand suitableis the 1/1200 normal wargaming ratio. Normal rules should be perfectly
Triton rangeproducedby Skytrex.Thesehavetheconsiderableadequate,with little or no modification;ship broadsideguns
advantageof coming completewith armamentand colour counting as normal artillery but firing blind and units/figures
detaih, but note that caronadeswere not in useduring the fired on countingasbehindsoftcover.A varianton thiswould
"cutting out" expedition,here you would
SevenYearsWar. The most readily availablelisting of ship be a needto take
details, including armamefi is in Navy Lists Ircn the ABe of account of night visibility, the numbers and degree of ale(ness
Sail, Volume3, 1756-63 by C.A. Sapherson and J.R. Lenton, oflhe watch (probablyzero if Spanish), the stateof the rideand
publishedby RaiderGames.Usedin conjunctionwith Volume navigational elromon thepartof theshipsboatserc.As regards
1,it will alsoenableyouto pin downNapoleonicshipsthatwere suitablefiguresfor this sort of gamei they are availablein
built and usedin this war. l5mm, whichis probablythe optimumscaleto use.Minifigsdo
Much the samesituation appertains with regard to fighting a rangeof Napoleonicsailon, both British and French,these
pedectly adequatefor thisperiod, Freikorps 15do navalgun
naval actions, the 'standard' le set is Action Under Sail, are
publishedby Tabletop,and althoughbasicallyNapoleonicit crews, and 15mn ship gunsare available- I don't know the
canbe usedwith minimal,if any,adaptation for thisperiod.The manufacturer, but mine werepurchasedfrom Keep Wargaming
differences arein typeofshotand gun usedand, (P. & T. Bailey), Abbofis Miniaturesdo a 25mm rangeof
oolysignificant
moresignificantly, the greater tacticalinflexibilitydictated by Napoleonic sailors.

BATTLE OF QUIBERON BAY

20th Nov€mb€r1759 OuiberonBaY

VHouathre

e"u.r.r"\ tt'"0"t't'l,/t'.
\
\r\".?

*."oon"")

odaoao-
'- -
:.:::"
e
Key 1 lnflexible; 2 Heros; 3 Sol€il Royal (F); 4 Essex;5 Resolution; 6 Sup€rbe;7 Juste
8 Soleil Royal initial (de Conflans); 9 Royal George (Hawke)
A SevenFrench ships escapeinto estuary. B Eight French shipsescapeto Rochefort. C Path of Englhh
 29

RED SUN RISING

A Guideto the Armiesof the Russo.Japanese
War
PARTTWO:THERUSSIAN
ARMY
By Mike Grayer

INTRODUCTION TypicalEuropeanArmy Corps lFor key. se€parl one)

The Russianhigh commandmadea graveunderestimation of
Japan'smilitary resources.Whereasthey computedthat the
Japanese would only be ablc initially to field 125,000rroops,
expandingto 400,000.in realitythe figureswere280,000and
750,000respectively. The Russians €orrectlyassumed that the
Japanese war planaimedat a rapid advancethroughKoreato
attack Port Anhur, an important naval base. Initally the
Russianplan entailedfighting a seriesof delayingactionsin
orderto gaintime to concentrate thebulk oftheir forcesaround
Liao-Yang. Sufficienrl)'e-info'ced.rhemainRur.ianarmywas
then to deliver a decisiveblow againstthe weakenedand
over-extended Japanese. However,the Russianionly line of
communication with which to reinforcetheir Far Eastarmies Cavalrydivision(atuchedto above)
wasvia the Trans-Siberian railway,over5,000niles long and,
byvirtueofagap in its lengthat LakeBaikal,incompleteal the

Transpo(ingreinforcements for the Russianconcenlraiion

to Manchuriawasthereforelikelyto be a lengthybusiness;
even
assumingthat Russia\mobilisationplanswereefficient.They

RUSSIAN ARMY CORPS IN MANCHURIA

At thestartofthe war therewereonlytwo armycorpsavailable
for operationsin Manchuria.ByJune 1905.however.the main CAVALRY
field armiescomprisedsixSiberianArmy Corps(lst. 2nd.3rd. Russiancavahywasboth bettermountedand morenumerous
4th,5th,6th)andsixarmycorps(lsl,41h.8th. loth.16th.17rh) than its Japaneseequivalent.Apart from three units of
transferredfrom EuropeanRussia. dragoons(the5lst. 52ndandPrimorakregiments),the cavalry
Theoreticallya 'European' army corps contained two whichfoughlin Manchuriaconsisted almostentirelyof cossacks
infantrydivisions,eachof two brigades.Eachbrigadeconsisted organised into ad-hocindependent brigadesanddivhions.One
of rwo regimentsof four battalions.In addition,eachdivhion division,however,wasbrokenup to provideintegralcavalryfor
containedan artillery brigadeof six or eight batteries.Each the variousarmy corps.Theoreticallya division comprised
corys had its own engineen and a cavalrydivisionof two 3,400sabreswith 12 piecesof hone artillery. A squadron
brigades.Two regimentsformed a brigade,a total of twelve contained150men. althoughin practiceit wasoften half this
squadrons. A divisionwasaccompanied by two six-gunhorse figure.The cossacks werealmedwith swordand rifle, andthe
artillerybatte es.The Siberianarmy€orpsdifferedinthatthey fronarankat leastalsohadlances.Therifles.whichwerecaried
generallycontainedfewerbatteriesand,in lhree of the corps. slungon themen'sbacks, werealmostidenticalto thoseusedby
regimentswere only of threebattalions.In practise,however, the infantry. In the major battlesthe cossacksrarely fought
the formationswhichfoughtin Manchuriavariedenonnously. dismounted andwereoftenheldin resereforthe breakthroush
Apart from field armiestherewerefortresstroopsstationed whichneverhappened. The dragoonswer€rrainedlo fighlbolh
at Po( A(hur, Vladivostok,Possietand Nikolaievskand on horseandon foot andcarried,apa( from a rifle andbayonet,
faontierguardsandbattalionsguardinglinesofcommunication entrenching toolsfor dismountedactions-

ARTILLERY AND MACHINE GUNS

INFANTRY The basictacticalunit wasthe brigade,whi€hcouldcomprise
Russianinfantry still fought and manoeuvredin closeorder an)'thingfrom two to six batteries.A field artillery battery had
formalions.Whenattackingtheyreliedon shocktactics andthe eightpieces(onernodelgun and4 figures)anda ho$e battery
bayonetrather than on firepower,and as a result suffered sixpieces(onernodelgunandthreefigures).At the startof the
tremendouslosses.In defencethey displayedall the stolid war Russian artillery was in the process of rcarmament.
qualitiesof the Russiancharacterand would often defend Approximatelyonethirdwere3 inchquickfiringgunsthrowing
hopelesspositions regardlessof their casualties.Russiar a 13.6lbshellup to6,000yardsithercst weremountaingunsand
iDfantrywere armedwith a .299inch magazineloading rifle with howitzers. Russianfield artillery was superior to that of their
a maximumof3,000yards,togetherwith a bayonetwhichwas opponentsin terms of range, mobility and rapidity of fire. The
invariablycarnedfixed.For wargamepurposes a baitalioncan Maximmachinegunsusedbythe Russians wereorganisedinto
be standardisedat 800men, or 16figurcs(usinga 1:50scale). companies of eight pieces.
l0

Field TrooF in Manchuria O er of Bat[e

at th€ end of Apd lq)4 Russianforc€al Ta'shih-chiao,
24thJDly1904
Commanders: Lt.GeneralZarubaiev
Chi€f-of-Staff:
MajorGercralBabel
lst ESRdivisior 12 4 32
Machinegurs - 16 lst SiberianAImt Corps- Ll.G€n€ralSlrkelberg
5rhESRdivision 12 4 32 lst E{st SibedanRifleDiYision-
AroundLiao-Yans 2nd b.isade,llsr Major-ceneralcerngross
(Gen.mrKurcpartin) divi\ion 8 I j4 - lsl Brigade - lst ESRregiment (3 bartalions)
2nd brisade,35ih 2ndESRresinent(3 bartalionE
division 3 :l 24 zl|d Brigad€- 3rd ESRreginent(3 battalions)
T6n$Baikal 4th ESRregimenr (3 battalions)
Cossackdivirior - 24 2 12 lsl ESRanillerybrigade lst, 2nd,
Unbndged cossacks \1 - - -
lrd, 4lh balteries(32 6eld guns)
Enginees - 9
9lh Ea51Siberifl Rif,€Diii6ior -
9tb ESR division 12 - 4 32 Major-Ceneral Kondratovich
Dragoon reginent - 6 - - - lsl Brigade- 33rdESRregiment(3 bafialiont
34thESRregiment (3 battaliont
2ndBrigade- 35thESRresiment(3 battalionE
16 6 48- 36rhESRregiment(3 battaliong
9th ESRartilleryBngade - lst, 2nd,
3rd, 4th baneries(32 field gunq
3rd ESRdirision t 2 4 3 2
8 - Sib€rianCossack Divtuion
6th EsR division t2 4 32- lst Brigade 4th Siberiancossack re$. (6 squadrons)
6th ESR division 12 4 32- 5th Siberiancossack re$. (6 squadront
- 1 8
8th Siberiancossack re$. (6 squadront
- 1 8 - UssuricavaLybngade
Primorskdragoons (6 squadrons)
24 1 6
Frontierguards(2 squadrons)
four d€tachmenismountedscouts
4th ESRdivision 12 I 32 - 2ndTrans-Baikal horseartillerybattery(6 guns)
?th ESRdivision 12 - 3 24 - 3rd Trans-Baikalhorseanillerybalery (6 gunt
(Ll.Cerc6l
5th ESRregiment 3 - -
lsl EaslSiberianengineerbattelion(3 companieE
Engi.ee.s 4
4lh SiberianArmf Corp6
2rd ESRdivision 9 4 3 2 2trdSib€rirnInfanLy Di'ision-
8lh ESRdivisiotr Major-General l-eveslan
2ndEastSiberian I 8 - 2nd Brigad€- ?th Siberian(r,ra$oyalsk)regt.(4btllt
8th Siberian(Tomsk)regt.(4battalionE
- 9 -
3rd Sibe.ianInf{ntsy DiYisiotr
2 Major-ceneral Kossovich
140 75 51 426 15
1stBrigade- 9th Sib€rian(Tobohk)r€st. (4 btns)
lOthSibenan (Onsk)re$. (4 btn,
2ndBrigade- 11thSiberian (Semipalatinsk)regt.(4
btnt
The Combatant nrength of ihe ahove forces wd as fonoNs: i2th S'berian(Bamaul) regt.(4 blns.)

Infatrtry Caulry 1stSiberiarartiuery

brigade - 2nd,3rd,
Dngibe6 A.til€ry
38,576 5.334 2,t92 3,962 4th batteri€s(24 gun9

11.54{ 919 - 960 CsvtirJ Divilion

15,496 - 1,566 Trans-Baikal cossack brigade
23,080 3,556 2A4 1stChitacossack regiment(6 sqradront
lst VerkhneUdinskregiment(a squadronE
25,965 - 1,014 1.680
2nd Brigade,Orenburgcossack divkion-
20,195 1.332 507 1,962
llth Orenburgcossack reginent(6 squadrons)
134,852 t1,141 3,1t3 t2.510 12 Orenburgcossack reginent(6 squadronE
from lst BrigadeSiberiancossack divkion
7th Sib€rian€ossack resnnent(6 squadront
11rhhors€artill€rl battery(6 sunt
20thhorseartillerybattery(6 gunt
4rh battalionEastSiberianEngineers (3 compani€t
Nole The abbreviadons ESR staids for Est Siberiab Rin€. Toial:48 Bartalions,
54 squadrors,
112gunsands& compani€s of engineers
 31

Ord€rof Battl€ 1905

RussianEasternforce,1stMay 1904 January 26-29 Battle of Hei-kou-lair Kuropatkin
Commander: Lt. GeneralZasulich (reinforcedto 300,00O)in thrceamies
Chief-olslaff:ColonelOranovski launches offensive against Oyarna
(aho reinforcedto 220,000). Japanese
}d f,rsl Sib€rianRifle Divilion- Major-Cen€ralKrshtalinski €ounter-attacks succeeded in tuming
lst Brigad€- 9(h ESRregimenr(3 battaliont a nearRussianvictory into stalemate.
10rhESRreeimetrr (3 batlaliont lebruary 2r-March 10 Battle of Mukden: Both forces (each
2ndBrigade - llth ESRregiment (3 baltalions) about 310,000strong)launchattacks
l2th ESRreginent(3 baltalions) and counter-attacks, but eventually
Machinegunconpany(8 gunt Kuropatkin withdraws, Mukden is
3rd EastSiberianartillerybrigade,4 batteries(32guns) effectivelythe last major land battle
6th f,astSiberianf,ifl€ Divhion- Major-Generat
Tnsov
1stBrigade 2lst ESRfegiment (3 banalions) TIIE SIEGE OF PORT ARTHT]R
22ndESRregiment (3 batralionq
2nd Brigade- ?3rdESRregime (3 banaliont Althoughthe defences of Port Arthur wereincompleteat the
24thESRregimenl(3 bartaliont outbreak of war, they were neverthelessformidable.The
6 EaslSiberian anillerybrig:de,4 batteries
(32guns) Russians usedentrenchments bothin the fieldbattlesandin the
defence of Port Arthur. Two extreme t)?es of trench are
CrvalrY illustrated.Thefirst(A) showsthesimplestformofbreastwork,
Tralls'BaikalCossackbrieade- and the second(B) a rnuch more substan.ialdesignc-apableof
1stVerkhn€-Udinsk cosackresiment (6 squadrons) withstandingbombardment.Generallyspeaking,Russianen-
lst Chitacossack regiment(6 squadrons) trenchments werelesswellpreparedandconstructed thantheir
allached:lsl Arguncossack regim€nti6 squadror't Japaneseequivalent (see fi9s.1 to ?), and in the early
Ussulicossack reginent(6 squadrons) engagemenrs were often dug in exrremelyconspicuous pos'-
I horsebatery (6 gunt tions.
1 nountainbattery(8 guns) Entanglements manufactured from telegraph wire were
Toial:21,0mof whjch17,m0wereinfantry placedin front of the Russiandefences,usuallythreeto five
linesdeep- Pitsandditcheswere dug,thebottomsofwhich were
studdedwith nailsbangedthroughplanksof wood,the sharp
pomtsuppermost.
Vanouscalibresofgunswereusedby theRussiansduring tbe
DIARY OF EVENTS siege,ranginghom 4 inch piecesto 11 inch howitzeis.When
The War in Cenhal Manchuria, Junc r9-(X March 1905 Port Arthur surrendered it wasfound to contain275Dieces of
artillery and 20 machineguns. The Japaneseingeniously
1904 employeda 5 inch mortarconstructed partlyftom wood,whilst
May28 GeneralStakelberg orderedto relieve the Russians used small torpedoes fired from tubes.Grenades
Port Arthur. were used by both sidesin considerablequantity,althoughwith
relativelylittle effect.
June14-15 Battle of Te-li-ssu: Stakelberg The Japaneseused a hydrogenballoon for observation
(25,000) defeated by Japanese purposes,
althoughthey already had excellentobservation
SecondAIIny (35,000). positionsfromtheheightswhichencircledPortArthur. Russian
25- B.ttle of Ta-shih-chiao: General attemp.sto manufacture a balloon,whichwouldhaveproved
Zarubayev (lst and 4th Siberian invaluable,failedastheywereunableto producethe necessary
corps)successfully repulsesJapanese hydrogen.Nevertheless the Russiandid use searchlights to
SecondArmy. considerable effect,althoughthey were frequentlyput out of
actionby Japanese artilleryfire. Due to poor sightingtheyaho
July 3l Battlc of Yang-tzu-ling: Russian
had a tendencyto illuminate both friend aod foe alike.
EastemArmy defeatedby Japanese
Magnesium rocketswererathermoreeffectivein thisrespectin
Filst Army.
that they illuminatedthe Japanese siegeworkswhilst leaving
Augult l-25 Russianforcesconcentrated al Liao- the Russianpositionsin darkness,
Yang. The siegeof Port Arthur wasa particularlybloodyaffair.In
August 2s-Sept,3 Battle of Liao-yang: Field Marshal the batdefor 203metrehill for example,th€ Russians suffered
Oyama with three field armies 3,000 casualties and the Japanese between 9,m0 and 12,000.
(125,000) attacks Kuropatkin
(158.000). Battle inde€isive and DIARY OF EVENTS
Kuropatkinwilhdrawsnonh towards
Mukden. Th€ Si€geof Port Arthur
19M
(Xtober5-17 Battl€ of the Sha-ho: Kuropatkin 26 Msy Batfleof Nan Shan.Japanese Second
(reinforced to 200,000) launches Army takesNan Shanhill, an outpost
attacks on Oyama (reinforc€d to of Port Arthur's defences,but with
170,000). Batde again proves heaiy loss.
indecisiveand both armiesdig in. 23June Russian Naval sortie from Pon

26 RussianIandsortiefrom Port Arthur.

32

--
0$\_..,"

W
.:l' a ,*?'
PORT ARTHUR

1 a 4,!- L ,--- I
."*' @4-'"'." 6"'E

J ^ P A N e s E S r E c e T a e N c H e s .

-"dq,,

Oa'c'N^L lY'. oF T.€ncH

S^rrEeY Lo*ER AFEncN

 J]

l5m 15mm 15^m 15^n l'^m tim lsmm l,M I

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IMPERIAL
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I
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5MMPIRATTS!57Rl0a LroiondDLi,n.io.ii
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57Ru05 L;ionoi Covorn I
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SOAROINC
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July lnconclusivefightingalongthe ouler

78 August
fortifications of Port Arthur.
First JapaneseAssault
WARGAMESSOUTH
l0 Navalbattleof the Yellow Sea. 24 CRICKETERS CLOSE
14 NavalbattleoI Ulsan. OCKLEY, DORKING, SURREY, RH56BA
t9-a SecondJapane* Assault. Tel: 030679 796
15-30S€pt. Third Japane$ Assault. The South East's main stockistfor
I October Affival of Japanese siegeartillery. THE COMPLETEBANGEOF
30 Oct-l Nov Fourlh Japanes.Assault, Battle Honouis
26 Nov-5 D€c Fifth JapaneseAseult and battle for
also available:
Hovels,Museum Miniatures, Freikorcs 15 AW'l
203 Mear€HiI Front Rank. Anschluss,l]]ogular Miniatur€s,
1905 Matchlock MiniatuJes,Pirtizan Press,
2 January Surender of Poit Arthur. MLR, K & M Troes, Skytrex 'll200 AFV'S.
Painting service available.
Tolophonefor full details.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bird, W.D. Sfrategyof the Russo-Japanese War
Cassell'sHistory of the RussoJapaneseWar
Connaughton,R. - Tie War of the Rising Sun and Tunbling
Bear (19881
General Staff - Tie Russo-tapanesewat, pans I-Iv (1906)
Hamilton, L A Staff Ofticer's Scnp book
Nakata, T & Nelson, T. - Inpenal JapaneseArmy and Navy
unifonns and equipnent 1860-1945
Rowan-Robinson,H. - Tre Canpaien ol Liao-Yang (1914)
Sedgwick,F.R. The Russo-Japanesewat o|r rard (1908)
TimesHistory of the Russo-JapaDese War
Unger,F. Russiaand Japan,a completehistory of the war in
the far east (lq)s\
Westwood,J. - Rusrr? againstJapan 1904-05(1986)
woodward, D. - Armr?r of tbe wo d 1854-19140978\
 34

THEBATTTESHIP
SOUYETSKIY
SOYUZ By Richard Wotsctt

-[he
revolution ,rnd subscqucnlcivil $rr so crippled thc So\ict l y r u m o u r e d .s r p p o s c d l yn ' a n e s d e s i g n :t h o u g h d e m o U r t u n
economy th,rl indusrrial ourpur h.rd bxrely rerched rhree sas also reponed. Vnrtuus speculatilc spccjiic.rtions rnd
quancrs of its prc-war lcvcl by I926. This nernr thrr nct! rlirl artist s impressi(rnscirculaledpurporting toshow rhe J'.rf\.l1rkiI
constructionNas limitcd. and litlle could bc undcnllcn hcforc So_ur:.\'hich $a5 supposedro be the srne ressel l.rid down in
the rcpair of dockvards and thc .econstructioo of cxisting l9-i8-bur to ha\.checn launchedin l9+5. $irh enginessupplicd
v e s s e l sm. a n yo f w h i c h s , c r cu n s c ^ i c c r b l er f t c r t h c r c \ o l u t i l ) n . b v G e r n r n ! i n 1 9 . 1 1 .S h c $ r s e l e r r r c p o n c d 1 ( ) h ! e
The first two five ]ear navul cxprnsion progranrnreswere c o m m i s s i o n cidDJ u n e l 9 i 0 r n d l o h n v er u n l r i r l s t h a rs u m n r e r _
rnoderatcly successful.tnd increased the number ot cruisers. \!h'le sisrer ship. .Sr1,a Sorr../.)r. h!d supposedl! bcen
d e s l r o y e ras n d l i g h tc r a f tn \ n i l l b l c t o t h c S o l i c t sd u r i n gl h e l i r l c I r n n c h c di n N t a r c h1 9 5 { )A t h i r d s h i p . S . ) f r . t l k a v L t k m i r d .
1920sand eid) i930s. bul thc Nalv f.n incd short of mrj(x $ r s a l s o s r i d t o b e u r ) d c rc o n s r m c l i ( n ri n L c n i n g r l J r o r n
lesselso , n l y r h r e e l 9 l l ! i n r a g eb r t l l e s h i p s- M a t u t - O k ^ ! b r - enlargcd. posr-\\'rr dc\ign Nccdlc(s n) sl) .!ll rhcr'r b.urlcships
skafa RerolLtLir! and Ptri:hskdta (o,,nuna (cx-Tsxrisr ! ! e r c c h i r r e r i c r l. , n dl h e r e l i r b l es o u r c e sr e p o r r i n gr h . n re i r h ! r
tut,'pitLa\A C/,grl1nJ S/,a'/,y!,/r l|in. in .1nlri*i,'1. t h c \ i c l i s o r r h c p e r y c t r a i o No i S o r i c r m i s i n l i ) . m r i i D n
Ahhough thc Sovictsecrc prcp,trcd ro $crifirc civilirn Dccd!lo
rnilitary procurement (for innrnce rheir amhirious trnk pro!- J o ' \ t 1 r * ^ S " r r : A r t ( r - l - l : j r r . l 5 l l l \ l r n r l a r d :l i i J g l tl i n o n \
r a m m e ) , I h e N a r y h r d a l o $ p r i o r i r \ u r ) r i l l h e e n d o f r h c 1 l 7 f t 7 i n x l : l l I 0 i n : l l k t s r 1 6 1 1 i nb e l t . s r J i nd c c k . l 9 j . r i nt u r e l
w a s h i n g t o nT r e a t y b a t t l e s h i ph o l i d , r v r n ( l G e r m r n n a ! r l t a c e s9: I a t " 5 {(l l \ - l ) . l l - I i c m i j l l ( 6 x l ) . 8 l { l l l l n n r 5 6A A ( l x l ) .
r e a r m a m c n t i nt h c l 9 S 0 s p f o v i d c d r hscp u r n )n r r l l l r c \ p . r n s i o n . - i 2 ' 3 7 n r mA A ( l 6 r i l ) : . 1l i r c f u l r : c o m p l c m e n ru n k n o w n
Opponcnrsto Stalin sdecision n) build a fiect to malch thoseof
the lraditbnal naval powers aDd rival Hiller's schemcsr!3re Litllc is known abour th.,c rcsscl! c\ccpl their gcn,jrtil
removed in rhe 19.'17 l9 pufges. \p.cificrtn)ns nd ln\our. Ih,.ir h.r\! AA rrxrrment (ti)r .r
The naval expansion programme of l9l8 envisaged lhe p r c - 1 9 3 9v e s s e l )r c f l e c l e dr h . h . k o f a i r i u p p . r t l h c \ c o u l d
conslruction of sixteen new brttleships and hundfeds of other c x p c c tL r ls e a .O o e c r n o n l \ \ p c c u l L " e$ h a ' u s c l h c s c \ e s s e l s
v e s s e h b y 1 9 1 3 . p a r a l l e l i n gt h e G e r m a n N a v y s c q u a l l r - $ o u l d h ! e b e e n1 o S r a l i n .h u r h r ( l l h c $ r r b c c d e h l e d a n d
ambitious Z'Plan. Only two battleship types tlere adopled ro G c r n r a n r " Z s - P l a nc o m ct o f r u i l i o n .r h e vm i g h rh t \ e c o n r c 1 r d c d
simplify production. and the first fouf ships of the Si.'rrr6th with H Class balleships iD the ts lric. ltalirn l.inli.,r rn rhc
S o ) r i : c l a s sw e r e a u t h o r i s e do n J a n u a f yz l s t . 1 9 1 8 .K o w n a s Mcditeffanean. or evenJapane\e ydrrnro.!in rhc Seaof iap.rn.
Ptoj?d 2J. its dcsign was beav'l) inlluenced by Ans)ldo ot
Genoa s l916 UPll dcsign.itselfresemblingthe IraUu) lirr., i.' Sor}cbli_r.t^z; 19-tr': l5.ii00r(andrrd: 791fi sinor \ I I9fi \
class.which rlas one of a number of projecls eiamincd b) rhe 2 9 l t 6 i n : 3 0 k t s r l S i r l l i n b c l t . 3 i n d e c k : 6 - l 6 i n 1 5 {()2 \ l ) .
Soliet Nr\'l prior to rhe adopiion of t\holly indigenousdesigns: 2 2 5 . 5 i n / 1Di P ( l l x l ) l l l t l ( l m m , 5 6 A A ( l l \ l ) . . 1 0 - : 0 m m A A :
a processperhaps intended to acquire foreign experrise rnd I guid!'d missilc batt.ries: conrplenrrnt Lii75 Speciiicationsrre
technology to compens:re fbr lhe lack of experience of rhc - ! i \ c n t o r r h e \ c s s e l i l l u s r . l r c d : o t h e r p o \ \ i b i l i t i c s r r .
Soviet s own shipbuilders. d i l p l a c e m e n ! 1 7 . 0 1 ) 01 5 . 0 0 r ) k n s n r n d :,!in,,rr\ior\Saqrt
Sor)€ljki) Sow/z lvas l.r dosn for ihe Ballic Fleel in
LeninSrad on August 2ltth l9-llli Sd|r'?6kdla L&,?ri)Iafor rhe
B l a c k S e a F l e e l i n N i k o l a y e vo n N o | e n h c r 2 8 t h 1 9 : 1 8a; D d
Sor,"etskalaBf?lonLts4a for the Northern Fleet at lUokxovsk
on rhe White Sea on November 29rh 1919. Work procccdcd
sreadily. even though the specificalionsrlere changed again
a f t e r t h ek e e l sw e r el a i d .H o w e l e r . i n l 9 + 0s o r k o n a l l t h r e ew a s
suspended.with the hulls of the first p.rir 75 per cent complelc.
and rhe fourth ressel. Sor-febl.r_rd Rosrir,a- intendcd for
consrruction at Nikolayev. sas cancelled belorc treing la'd
down. Not only were the vesselsprohibitively erpensivc and a
d r a i n o n i h e S o v i e f s l i m i t e d i n d u s t r i a lr e s o u r c e sb- u t t h c !
seemcd unneccssrrl, nos rilrlry with Germary hud been
r e d u c e db y t h e S o v i e t - G c r n r apn c l . x n d t h c o u l b r e a ko i $ u r
had terminated rhe Gernran s o\\1r rc-armamenl phn.
Construction sas not resunredbefore the Gcrnran rnvrsion.
Sor)./Jldrd U,t,?nrd$u! captured at Nikola)c\ llnd c.rnnibrl-
izcd by thc Gcrmans to build two rroopships.t he fenllins ol
this lessel. rlong 'vith the other t\vo. $crc broken up
incomplete in the lare lgl(X. a rellection of thc l(ny priorit\
accorded thc Navr in rn cconomy dcspcrllely in need of
rcconstruction. rnd the fNct that such ships seemed ol littlc
v)luc in rhe facc of modcrn ,n po\rcr. r conclusionre.rchedbv
rnost of the battleshio{wRinq Do\'crs aflcr 1915.
T h e s c r p p i n go f t h a i n c o m , l ; t c h u l l s! r , r sn o l q u i t et h ee n d o f
the story, howeler. for in thc carly ycaruofthe Cold War ihcrc
rlas considerable confusion in the Wesl as to thc fate of
\,,1pl.lrr Sofr,, lheir conrinucJ.i'n\lrucrinnsJspcr.|slcnl-
 35
6in )i l-llfr -lin r -llft 9in or 7ii5frx I l,{fr 9ir x 36ft: arnrnrent early 195{ls(shewas70 per cent completebuI waseventually
9-l6in/51) (lx3). no missileturrets.Il 5.lir AA or 1,1.lsn]m soldfor breakingup in 1958).l-.dr.f?,rkilSot&zr missiiletypeis
unknown:at suchan earl)'dalc it migbthavebeena derivative
Ihc re\ised .S,r1a,rtrtr!,rur: Nas depictcdsith guidcd of tbe R l. itseltr coprof theGerrnrnV-2 (Nrto nanc SS'la
missilcturrcrs.perhapsinspircdtrvthc froposedcon!crsionof SCUNNER. no1 ro be confusedwiih ihe larer SS-N-1
rhe hcomtlele tJrd cl.rssbrttleshipB866 USS(ctrr?(*v lo a SCRUBBER)ior a rrdio controlledaerialtorpedo.more
nrisLi.annancnr-\'hich $as slill tcing contcmpldcd in thc rccufutcbut shofterraneed.

l h l t l s h i p S o \ \ € l s l , i I S o ]u z

'{ftfi*tfElcslq
95TYRRELL
AVENUE.
WELLING.
KENTDA162BT Tel:01-304
4408

FOR ]}IEAIR WARGAMER

PAINTEDAND BOXEDAIR WARBATTLESEr
We gare Watgafiers 2rn paified
baftle sels. Now it's yoxr lnrrr Air Watgatners
Ea(h painrca Air Battl? S?t r"ntains 2 painted Air Fores and a set d9 "High Altitude PlayingBoards".The "High Altitude
Boaras nteasure8'x8' (TotalPlayingarca24" x24" ) and canberclouredin so that thearyearanceoJtheEtrain pXturea
suits)-out pttsowl tastz.Th6e boardsrcprcse'1tth. Eatlhjom a htight oJ approrima?ly 18,000Jeet Theypictureg.ographical
l. aturcsappliqble tn the thtab e of Air \lalfat dealt with in ea(h battl. set eg Fiel*, roadsand rirers. Co$tlinesfor the Battle
olBtitair a il trenthesJor \\toAa War One. The 2 Air For.esarc composedof wiotlt typesoJmoAelairnaft Nhich represent
th€it ndtiorrdlit] (Thelotalstre gthoJeath Air Forceis apprcximatelj6 planes.Thi,snumb/r\aies accordingto thetwe of
banl( set 7h. planesshouldbe mountedot nires or petspea.,'hen in use) Finally !! One bag of cloud matenal x includea in
earhstt. Yesn'edid saycloud'

Thecostol eath setis L14+ pa.hingand postage,arailable atcl*stuelyfrom Knighr DesigtL''

WWI: Yooolh WWI: rtrooih

'et 1 rh.R.aBani {c,mdn righr.^ o'\ $ snrirhRfc) \ru l 5.19 u n}inABoEbt (DooaLhtd
tn.luaes.opts ol 2 oJtheptonctB.d bl,,. R., 3a,on l,.fud5lp'tr,?sdid itoq!,or r"rhoorrh.h dd$n
ser?']1.Blr.Md"(1918)(O.uanAr5.nr.$ annJrRFa)\l\1 set r0 "r2 Odft!dlliAl (UsA4FBtTs\sG.nan H.h. D.hn.. EtSnL6)
Ir.luaest,o s.atr pla^rshr.oth notnn br.lld6 DothnlEi096sdndF*rl9or
s.t3 ,pp.lnf Genan Ndr4l Arbhrprr snrirh Hom D./.,a iN,ls s.t tt "Fling7i9bt't Anzn..n sh.th nan P40st
Japan.kAnnft)
Fighr.'5)$rrr l ln.lude5C.m,n B.or Pldr.r ln lld.s LrSMailPLn^.t b..ttofl.a
Sct4 'Ih. BedL oJa;lafi' fhe LuJtwJk I Ih. P-4r 5.1 12 "Ita! Toral Tqar Peadtlatuot (Japan.s.Na@lplan6 B USAon?s
)
l,klu1.! Aonb.^, Dtr. Aonh.6 andFighr.r ln.hd.sAlTsanaP4A'
s.t5 "Ih.t ce.n D.d (1942) (Ih. Luln"dlft,t T P.,'E) 5d J.l 'Mirh.d'" auslld.in. Co?s,nd N,El Pr'n.r 15
Jdpdi6. Ndldl Plris)
rn.r!d.sXIryhds[5.nd Ds5.fl.odarjng.d ^t Et 09s hal4ts Iory.do ana DR Bonb.^
S.t6 "Aituer turopt (1944)" (L4twll. s p-aF) sdla Padj. ao hd"{LtSBt7 Bohb.R\s lapan-. HDn Dchne Ftlht6)
l,.rud.55pidir.r{ Fd.h.$blf. l90r Jidua.r rh. ldr.n l,rdn.s. rr8hr.^
s.t / "Mosq\ oquanmn tLulttulk s RAF) 5d l5'rd!rGr..! (L'SrFSdbrJ.Br. cnin6.Il's l5t
)nctd.s aonbe^, DM aDnb.a and FiSht^
sd 15 'The B.tIAes oJrort.rir" (Us NdDJ.a v5Clin.s Mi8r in Xor.,)
Sel8 "Denibard/Ian@.f ',nduA6 Drr Bodb.^ dnAF !hr^ rd r/'Iop6q"(Ll5Ndrt lo,i&a sLhg'I] p, Man.m Opposir@n)

PLas.ndh.alltlrqutandponnl od.6pa)"hl.r'KnqhDsigns lra'lOd..On! som no.rdn.onl. Pl.dx aaa l'q.p9rinlandanA50*t.v.6&t - ainan)

When replying to adverts please mention Wargames Illustrated.

36

LUIUCHIIU THE CRIMEA

by Michael PerrY (translatedby SarahSpeight,,
Currently running at Games workshop, Nottingham,is a question.Ifthe disccoversthe positionof a neighbouring force
smallscaleCrimeancampaigninvolvingabout12 membersof then this meansthat the two partiesare in contactby sound
staffand umpiredby myselfand my brotherAlan Perry-The and/orsight.lf they are outsidethe circumference of thc disc
campaignplayedout duringlunchhours.is provingtobe a very thenno contactis allowable.A 5cmdiscis usedto establish the
inrerestingand accurateportrayal of Russianand British audialdistance ofcavalryandinfanlrycompanies, a 3cmdiscfor
tactics.Unfortunatelythe most importanideiails(i.e. troop individualsand skirmishparties and a 2cm disc for visual
numbersandoositions)will havetoremainsecretuntil a future contacl.Once lwo partiesmeet within a 2cm disc then their
issueof lyargames/.i/usarrredasmostof rhe participants
read be playedout upon a 4' x 4' table top
this magazine! proridedof courserhalrheyareenemyforces.
Eachplayercommandsa companyor smallunit of British, Any gunlire can be heard acrossthe whole valley and all
French,Russianor Turkish troops.The map comprisesthe participants are told roughlyfrom whichdirectionit is coning
TchernayaValley, wherethe battleof Inkermantook place, andwhetherit is a singleshot,skirmishfire or volleyfire. All
andcoversan areacirca11, by I mile. Eachplayerwasissued commanders run the risk of death.particularlywhen leading
histroopsanda photocopyof the mapon whichhe plotshisown from the front (- though in this situationtroops morale is
movement.Ordersand initial deployments wereprovidedby highe0. Officen who remain at the rear are safer, but the
therespectivecommanders-in-chie{(British DavidCallagher; moraleof their men is low.
Russian BillSedswick). Uponthe deathofan officerhislroopsdhperse,rerireorjoin
The entiremap areais coveredby dens€fog to cofiespond anotherunitwhile theplayerisdeniedall knowledge offuiher
with the conditionsduringthe Inkermanbattle(5thNovember movenents.All troop deploymentsare kept secret,except
1854).This makesnovernentandtacticsdifficult,friendvfoes whenrwo alliedunils are workingtogerher.Only the umpires
beingheardlong beforeconing into view.This is portrayedin have an overall picture of each company'sactivity, thus
the game by the following nethod: A cardboarddisc with producinga suitablytenseatmosphere.
centralhole is placedover the single6gure or companyin

SIIIIPLERULESFOR CRIMEA SKIRMISHINGON THE TABLE TOP

MAP MOVEMENTS
lnt cav. S'IANDINCIN
Walk ,1 Walk .l" DICE UNDERCOVER OPEN ADVANCING CHARCING
Double6 Trot l0
chargc8" Canter16 r c c c c
(Ch{ee tor3 Tumt CharSe20
2 C C C C
OFFICERHN l c c c c
r4!!r J C C C C HEARING
5 C C C C
6 C C C C
1 C C R F T I R FO R
C
LIE DOWN
8 C C R E T I R E R E T I R E
9 C RETIRE RETIRE RETREAT
IO RETIRE RETIRE RETREAT RETREAT
II RETREAT RETREAT RETREAT ROU-T
I] ROUT ROUT ROUT ROUT

SEEINC
iIORALE -l Elire
CLOSE SHORT MEDIUIVI LONG Modilied I lf drunk
f'12' l3'30' lf-io' 5r' 200' +l Los ol Olficer anllhins f7
t" t! I -10' lt"-ti0" +2 2i% Loss
1" t2" 13.20' 101:10"
C= C.ny on sith Orders
+2

ModifiersAl*.ys j% .nan.c ol hilrine MELEE DIO + or rhc lotlowin-s:

-l II moving(Targetor Fner)
+l TargctCloseOrder omcer/Caulrr Srord +l Cavalry
I lf beingcharged(unlessBrnish) 5 +t ChriginC
+l Elire
' - r r a r E etrn r ' v c r
Ctub Mu\*rr I lI reItring
l - r
3 If cavairyiliack
Aftcrcalcularing,mountoihns.lhni$rdicevhichcoirespond\,nnumbcroisidcslorhe Other I rrnk\ of formed
numberolliguresinlhutronllrdnksoillr-qclunil-(.gDl2forl3manunil)lodiscover r inlantryor square
 .::

Lhu!e1)fthe|'i!hl]Jri!e|le]B|i,n).,\!1nar.:.,,|)l}rr.gr,L.sFD,'dn]].g,'es|ion1hcca]]e.Iio'o|'Dl|
a r c a l \ ) t u D n r l r \l r o n tt h c b t u s l l o f ( ' . 1 i o D i \ o Dl .n d t l t e q i n n a n b i l h r . J 1 ! h c D t o , t h eh i r t e t . , , a hI t c r a r . s . t R o s , \ r p o l c o , f ut o D
IhcPcn\n|ti:.o]]ec1b'!$.i]]tfFand^bc.|.in!nFrr|nt|\,nFtin.] \|i! f

Ruins

RUSSIAN
I , .rtrp

\\
38

ORDERS
RE.ORDERING by SimonCharlesworth
A short while ago a new period wasintroducedinto our club by hadapproximatelytwentyinfantryunitsin eacharmy,pluscavalry,
Nick andmyself.For the pastsixmonthsmostmembeNhadbeen anilery and light infantry, the resultwassix brigadesof between
playing 15lnm Ancients, 15mm ECW or a vadety of 25mm two and five units each. (Each unit representsone battalion).
skfmish samesandso the introductionof 6mmAmeican War of Thesemuld then be groupedinto three divisionsor more if I
lndependence wasa novelty.I hadarrivedat the clubearlythat day juggledaroundwith unitsandbrigades.ThusI hadttuee levelson
to s€tup fte tenain andthe armies,andasothermemtersarrived, which orden had to be issued:
I hadno difficulty in persuadingsixofthem to participate.(There's 1. C-in{ to Divisions
nothinglike 2,5m figues andsomedecenttenain to bring out the 2. Divisionalcommandersto brigades
rnegalomaniac in people). 3. Brigadecornmandersto Battalions
The sides were duly arranged with the British comnand
comprisingtkee playen with someexpenenceof the Hors€and I assumedthat commanderswould only give orden alonglhese
Musket era, and ihe AmericanshavingNick as C-in-C and two lines, with the exceptionthat a C-in-C may occasionalydetail a
novicesto the penod assub-generals, The rulesused*ere "l-oos€ brigadefor a specificpurpose.Oncetheywere issuedit would be
File,sand Americrn Scramble"by Andy Callan,asshownin Issue up to th€ recipientto decidehow they were actedupon, not the
No 7 otwaryarnesI ustra6d, and adaptedfor 6mm. A s.enario
had been s€auD with an American defensiveline and a small I-et us start with rhe C-in-C. Orde6 would be given to the
picquetwe in Avance of this, the ideabeingthat a smanskirnish divisionalcommandeNprior to lhe startof the battte.For instance
prior to the main batdewould help the playen getthe hangof the a divisionalcommandermay be ordered to tak€ a village. The
rul€s. So, after a brief explanationof the rules and the skimish divisionalcommanderwould then decidehow bestto implement
over. we beganwhat I thought would be a realisticgane with th€ orde., for examplea straightforwardinJantryassaultor naybe
playe$usinghisloricaltadics. I haveneverbeenmorewrongin m) an artilery bombardmentfirst. Circumstances at the time would
life! dictatehis method,and subs€quent orden fton the C-in-Cwould
Dav€, on the British rieht, who is an ex-Napoleonicpla)€r, leave more or possiblyless room for interpretation, eg. "The
pro.eededto demomtratewitb a predictablelack of success, why village must be taken within the hour". Thus the divisional
the columnwassuperiorto the line. On the left, Sid our resident commandermustnow decidewhetherto commitfurther troopsto
tacticianadvancedat breakneckspeedin completelythe wrong the attack.
directionto that givenin hisorders,aI thetime declaring"Ifs them
that gets there fastestwith the mostest."In the centre, C-in-C Takingthisto the nextlevel,the divisionalcommanderwill issue
Martin was left completelybewilderedand wonderinghow he ordersto eachbrigadeunder his conmand, eg. brigades1 and 2
could imposeorder on his errant dMsional commande$. will now attackthe village supportedby brigades3 and 4. Thus
Meanwhileon the American side,thingswere pmgressingin a ordersto a divisionalcornmanderare generalwhercasordersto a
sinilarly remarkablefashion.Nick had resignedhis conmand to bdgade are specific. However, situations may arise wherc a
Alan, a dedicatedcompetitionplayer and "seventheditioner". bigade cornnanderis forced to usehis iniative. Irt u5 saythat
Alan wasnow manoeuwinghis nilitia in a way that would have brigades1 and 2 are repulsedwith exceedinglyheary losses.The
broughteniy to the face of a Late Impenal Romancommander. commandersof bdgades3 and 4 must then decidewhether to
On his right, Rob had r€ceivedtelepathicoders fiom his C-in-C sacrifce thei troops in supportof the attack, hold their present
(actual]ytheyweremutteringsof "Why the hell areyoujust sitting positionuntil turther suppo. or ordeNarrive, or risk th€ wrath of
there?"from Alan) to abandonhis entrenchedpositionandmeet their superiorbut savetheir men by retreating.Orden go out to
Sid'swaveof redcoats,with obviousresults.Only on theAmerican Fess on with the attack.
left did sanityprevail. Nick, with his knowledgeof the rules, sat
behind his defenceson a hill and awartedthe onslaughtof lhe The nextlevelis the individualbattalion.Thes€havelittle or no
British columns.Onebattalionofmilitia anda batteryofg ns b€aa room for independentinitiativ€. The battalioncommandercould
off three battalionsof genadien not once, not twice, but three only decidewhetherto hold or retir€ if the moraleof his unit had
timesbefore the British cornmandersawthe eror of his wa'6. droppedto sucha levelthat therewereno other options.Thusthe
The end resultof the battle wasa convincingAmericanvictory only thing goveminga battalion'sactionsare its ordels,tempered
and a goodtime had by aI, bu. only the Americ.anleft had acted by monle and combatresults.
rcalisticaly. Why had this happened?The playen' unfamiliarity With thisin mind I cometo theslstemitseff.Therearetwo tt?es
with the rules certainlyhad somebearingon it, as alsohad their of ord€rs, bcricrl and grand tactical. Gland tactical orders are
lack of tacticalknowledgeof the period, but the overwhelning ftom a C-in-C to his divnional comrnandeN.They are carriedby
reasonin my mind wasftat there wasno s,stemof orden in the courie$ and may takesometime to reachtheir destination.They
rulesto impos€limitationson what the playerswere ableto do. are generalbut may demandspecificreactions;eg. to take our
With this in mind I detemined to developesucha system,which, situationwith the village,"Stop messingabout with artilery and
whilst beingsimple,would make the playen think and act asthe get the infantry in there quickly."
comnandersof the day. The secondt]?e, tacticalorders,are from dMsional comman-
dersto brigades,thesebeingcrrded by couriers,andfrom brigade
What folows is the end product together with the reasons commandersto battalions,thesebeingacteduponthe gamemove
behindit. The s)5temis adaptableto mostperiods,but is atits most thevareissued.Theorderson bothlevelsarethe samebut whereas
enjoyableusinglarSenunbels of figues andsimplerules.lt is far a divisional commandercan atter a brigade'sorder at will, a
betterto havetheplayen gappling wilh the problemsof command brigadecofinnandercanonly alter it undercertaincircumtanc€s.
ihan thos€of large morale and meleetables. The taclicaloders allowedper brigadeare asfo owsand nust
I stan€doff by impo6inga commandstmctureon the armies.I be qualifiedby a locationor enemyposition, eg. attackvillage.
intendedthat thereshouldbe at leasttbreeplayen per sideandasI
 39

$rei Sorpt tE
ATTACK: All units in the brigademust advanceto within
firing Iange of the enemy,with further move-
ment then being optional. No formation
changesareallowedto the brigadeasa wholeor
batialionsin the brigade. 15mm Metal Figules
ADVANCE: All units in the brigademust advanceto within Roman& s Gauls
firing rangeof the enemyand then halt. Again
no fomation changesare allowed.
Moghuls
REDEPLOY: The brigadeas a whole or units in the brigade ThirtyYearsWar
may change formation. This automatically EnglishCivilWar
revensto the brigade\ previousorderwhenthe SevenYearsWar
reasonfor the changedisappean. French& IndianWars
DEFEND: The bdgademustdefendits presentposition.11 C l i v ei n l n d i a
thisis a defendedalea. no unitscanmovemore
than ten cenrimetresftom it. No formation
AmericanWar of
changesare allowed. Independence
SUPPORT: The brigadetakesthe sameorden asthat it has Napoleonics
been ordered to support. It cannot launch S e m i n o lW e ar
attacks prior to that brigade nor advance U.SA.ag:aoa'-
US-Mexican War Ulstll |tPOltS IID
beyondit, ex€eptto retake a lost position. AmericanCivilWar
MANOET /RE: This is used to move a brisade to a different lcr I tlt
location.Formationchangesare allowed. PlainsWars drrnplhn
RETIRE: This order canbe issued.but bemm€scompul- MaximillianExpedition [.6tt20
sory upon a brigade having two,thirds of its ItalianWarsot
uniis subject to 'retire' or 'rout' combat or Independence
morale results. It reverts to defend when all Austro-Prussian War
units are outside twenty centimetres ftcrn Franco-Prussian
(no\r.n enemy. War
Unitsof light infantryandcavalryattachedto aninfantrybrigade
WORLDWIDE MAIL ORDERSERVICE
may move at will but cannoago voluntarily beyond t*enty S.A.E.lot ILLUSTRATED
LlSfS.
centimetre!ftom the brigade.
FREIrOnPS 15, 25 PrinceiownRo.d, Bangor,
The final stageof the systemis to definethe situationsin whicha Co. Down BT2O3TA, Northernlr€land.
brigadecommandercan alter his orders.Thesecanbe [mited to
situationsin which unexpectedthrealsmaterialise,and the table
below is thar currendy usedby myself. They rellect the limited SUNDENLAID WARGAIIES CLUE OPEiI DAY.
awareness of a brigadecommander,sohe cannotbe iniuenced by
eventson the other sideof the table.The columnon the left is the
cunentorderandthe row on the top, ordersit ispossibleto change
to. The situationswhere these changesare possibleare listed
CTIISE
RANKS
SATURDAY,21st OCTOBER,1989. 10.0oam-4.30pm.

PABK VIEW COMMUI\IITY CEIIITRE

2 Chu.ch Chare,Chester-le- Srreel,CountyOu.ham.

WARGAMES
l,r1 3L
Competlrons, Dspldys, PdrlKrpalronGames.

rNADE STAIIDS
I - Enemy the brigade has not been ordered to attack, Selling figlres, bootr rules,9am6. terain etc.
within 20cmor a unit in the brigadeis forced to
encroaches
NEFRESHMEiITS
2 If rcvertingto the brigade'soriginal order. Admissionf1, OAPS,under 16s and UB40s 5op.
3 - If the brigade'sobjectiveis taken.
4 - If a body or bodiesthe brigadehasbeenorderedto support. Detailslromr P.ul Steven3on,63 Colcheder Te., Sundedaid, sRa 7OP
retiresor routs.
5 - If enemyretiresor routs within 20cm.
6 - Whenall units in the brigadeare fiJrstbeyond20cmfton aI be tetepathic.The or y thing lefr is for you ro 6nd a way of
incorporatingthem into your own rules.
7 Prior 10commencingnew orders. Finally, how do you solvethe problemof disobedientdivisional
8 - C-ompulsory whentwo-thirdsof the brigadebecomesubiect €ommanders?Easy, let rhem go alEad with ir at thef peril.
to rcut or rctre otders. Providingthe numb€rof orden a commandercanissueis limited,
theywill find it very difficult to reverserashdecisions.Failingthar,
Sothereit is. Havingusedthe systemovera periodof time, I find it do whatwedid at our lastclubgame.Seledtwo or threepople not
gives a more rcalistic game with all the inherent problemsof involvedin the gameto actasaidesto the C,in-C andthensubject
command.The tacticalordeN need not be written down as it is the cdprit to five minutesof questioningabour his actions.His
obviouswhata brigadeisdoingandbattalioncommande$ceaseto embarass€drepliescan be more frrn th.n the gameitsef!

lMhen replying to adverts please mention lMargames lllustrated.

.5 ':*

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actior. Belos: The siegeot Khattoutneane fton Messrs.Jorrror ad rvon Abore: Thc Stainesv ar-Eane.s 55 Mirutes st pekins -
title besedon the estinatedpla: itg tine of thispopuparparticipationctent sopopularatd excititu rh.tt sonie n .runcandahatt

PATRICIAN
MINIATURES
Illicit ARMS Complele l\ argames Ser\'ices.
QDalilt Prinling Serrice & To-Order Terrain Servicc.
TLLICn ARMS: P,;"r.^,d dir mto4 0fwa.tun6 f o \ . B . r \ \ ' 1 , 1 . , . \ r . l ' \ , 1 r . , , . l \ ' ' \ , . r . ., , r .
'lues, tn oll seolz\antt n.tu b rhchieEs i;drds.
De
Fat datail'. bt.phon. Treror. t03637) 22336 o, RnA a
t c e i n ss a t i s l i c n o nc. o n l r c lu s n o s n r r r F R I I q u o r . r l o no. r
si\E or2I R C ,f.r'anpt.ondha\ ndh^P s e n da n S A E ( o r I I R C \ ) l o r o u r F R I - E ( ! r a k , ! u c
inkten\.u l nit ltn' o aathnl aR Dunzonnan 7 0 F t h . " n g n ' nk o l d . H u l l .H l h ' , 1 R .
Co.Trton?N I RTJqIAG, T€l: 1018:)851:ll l)I o. t\tnin

SPENCER SMITH MINIATURES

(Meta and Plastic25'.lomm scnel
WARGAMING
& I\4ILITARY
MODElLING

a Ameican Civilwar D u5 spp.:lhes nne6 Dicrreo,

nclLi ng ru e\ tr drmo ginr: 1rr0 'oor, 66 .a\rln .1Bunli
f23.43 UK or135.15.\eEer p.n Dri.l
itAc's MoDELts
a Am. can war ol Indep?nden.
Stockstsof: t\,4inifiqs, Essex,Freikorps,BAFM,
W . r q a m e sF o u n d ' y .t r o n l F d n l . f o r s p u r .\ 4 1 8 .
, " n i e n , C i l a d e lM
A c r o o o l i sD e s i o n D , a duder,
H o v e l s a, d n l e a ' o u n dl.- a r l a s yF o r g e C
. r o m w e.
s . r m p l epri . l n r l a l o , p J n . r f l . 9 l
B o . oM i n r a l u r e&sr M . C a m e so _ d n 6 o _ ) d b ^
P3rse rnd SAErU dcra s r.
AI matorcrettncafttsaccepted '""Slilfc"
Pet€rlohnslone,t Sarowsare*dd, chilwi.k,
London,wa aQx, U.ired xinsdom EDINBURGH
rd(or)rsr$r EH33Df
 42

I,ONGDISTANCE WARGA}ID
Pafi I
John D Snith

Ask mostwargamerswhat P.B.M. srandsfor and they won'l 1. You don't need a computerto play 99% of play by-mail
havea clue.P.B.M. is play-by-mailtthesedaysrhismeansIar games.Whena gameis saidto be computermoderated.the
more than just a gameoI postalDipionacy. or the strategic cornpanyrunningthegameusesthe computertoresolvethe
movesin a wargamecampaign. playels'hand-writtenorders.
Todaythereareover one hundredcompanics or individuats
runningplay-by-mailgamesand a greatnumberof them have 2. Playby-nail playersare not an insularset of people.they
somelbrm of wargameon their books. otlen meet each other and play in groups, as well as
I frr\r camedcros.P.B.M. in an 3d\en rn d sJrsame\ communicating with otherplayersin theirgamesby phoneor
magarrne.fti5 qa\ an ArLhunansargarne.er in wai.rorn post.
EnglandcalledFcudalLords.Playingin two gamesof Feudal
l-ords was a good deal of fun and I madea numberof new The basicconceptbehindrunningmostcompanies'games is
wargames contactsall over the country. muchthe same.The€ompanyhasoneor morepersonswho will
Playinga play,by-mailgameis of necessiry lota y different look afterthe runningofthe games.On enrollingfor the game
from the conventionaltabletopwargane.Even thoughsome you will usuallybe givensomeforn of start-uppackage.
peoplemay belicrewargamesare only plaled wirh figureson The start-up will consistof a set of rules, map, some
tabletopsin a face,to,face situalicn thisis far from the truth. informationon your country'sinitial wealth,armies,morale.
PIay-by'mail. alongwittrcomp,rter.boardandfantasygames, location,erc. The latter dependsvery much on the gamein
belongsto theareaofwargames, asdasomecfthe familygames whichyou are playing.The start-upmay alsoincludethe first
such as chess.Can any :)i the above, along with figure few turns free of charge.I forgor to nention, like buying
wargamers, afford to overlooke^chof theseareas.Playersat wargames figures,you do haveto pay to play in mostof these
manywargames clubsyearsagopouredscornon bo3rdgames games.The costwill vary a greatdeal,but I will comebackto
and role-playgames,all of wbichare now totally accepted. this Iater.
Takingpartina play-by-mailgamecanbejustasmuchfun as The sinpleP.B.M. typewargameis usuallya combination of
many tabletopgames.The methodof play, specdand Dlayer strategicandtacticalmovernent. with a chunkof diplomacyfor
interactionis totallydifferent.With manyof the play,by-mail good measure.As all gamesvary a greatdealin playingand
gamesparticipantswill get the chanceto play in a gamethat €omplexityI will generalise thedetaih.Thesrrategicpart ofrhe
tableropplalers would find impossiblelo organi1e. gamernayinvolvepopulationandits partin productionofarms
How many times has a wargamesclub run a Napoleonic andtroops.thisis rtsuallyhandledverywell by the rulesandis
canpaignwith fifty, sixty or more players?\l,here battles. not as complex as it sounds-Diplonacy includesall the
involvinghundredsof battalionsa side,happen?Wherefully boardgamedoes plus spying, sabotageand ba€k-srabbing
integratedland andseabattlestakeplace?Wherepopulation, (muchfun!).
re-supply,spyingand diplomacyall rakeeffect?All theseare Themovem€nt,bothstrategic andtactical,$'illdependon lhe
possiblein a play-by-mail game.I know,I arnplayingin one.In periodplayedandthewaythe gamcis run. Eachgamewill have
a club campaignhow many timeshas it had to sropdue to sometype of movementor turn sheet.The turn sheetis filled
holidays or member,movingaway.evenir only to; a,ho'l andreturnedto the company.The umpirewill thenprocessall
time?How manytimeshasthe biggamenot beenableto be run the playerJ returnsand sendback the resultsof any combar.
dueto the lack oftabletoptroops?Finallythink ofthe number movement,productionor randomeventsthat haverakenplace
of timesthe campaignhasfoldedbecausethe umpirehasnot that turn,
been able to cope for whateverreason?lf you play in a Togiveyousomeideaabouthowplay-by-rnail gamesarerun
play-by-mail gamesomeoneelsedoesall rhehardwork, all you I will giveyou a list ofwords to look out for, whenlookingat
haveto do is sit back and enjoy rhe game. someof the games.
Play-by'mailgamescover all aspectsof gamingthat \rar, GM:
games,role-playganesandboardgamescover.Thereis a large Game
moderator.Thisisthe personwho runsthe game.There
rangeof gamesto selectfromr historicalwargames, role-play maybe morethanonepercompany,dependingonthe number
gam€s,fantasy.scienceficrionand crime.sportsand business of game$they
run.
games.
Over the paslcoupleof yearsthe numberofcornpaniesand HAND MODERATED:
playersinvolvedin play-by-mailhasmorethan doubled.The The gameturnsareresolvedby the GM a€cording to the rules.
largestcompany,K.J.C..hashad2.1.000 playerson irslistsover He may allow someflexibilityin rule interpreration,or if the
the last18months.Theyrun 6 differentrypesofgameandhave playerwishesto performsomemoveor actionnot coveredby
over200gamesbeingrun at the morneDt.Thesear€run on 15 the ruleshe may allowyou to rry it.
computersby a staff of ten. Like u.argamesrradersthese COMPUTERMODERATED:
companies comein a widerangeofsircs. fromonemrn andhis The gametums are run on a €omputercontainingthe rules
gam€,run on a word processor.ro thc Ukesof K J.C. sysiem.Thismethodallowslittle or no flexibility.Ifyou makea
lwouldliketo dispelone orrwontyths $arg]'n., iraveabout mistakein filling in your tums ihe compuleroperatormay
P.B.M, changeil or you couldpay the penalty.
MIXED MODERATION:
Dependingon the gamethe computermay work out troop
movements,battles,supply and other logisticalwork. This
ARMY PACKS
leavesthe GM freeto inplementanyspecialactionsthe player f20.oo
POSTFREE(UK & BFPOONLY)
MOVE TURNROUND: Tne* a'nv Da.tsndude$e equMledol t20.O trnh o' I'grt6 tachpacli5
@relully*lded lo0tr t bilaaeddttnYPo$loeandPldag'nstsitluded lorU( md
Moveturnroundisthetimeallowedby the GM between€achof BFm Bd dd 12m ln turd aid 1500lor he reslol $e m d.
the movesa playerr{illsendin. Therearetwo mainmerhodsof llEriUSC,AI{S 24r€ ntYGEnMlN!
2tANCiEN' ItTAUAS-Srmnil6 2sIDACIANS
3iANCtEIitTIIAUANS-Ludoian/Apuriai 26)SCYHANS
4InEPUBUC.\N
fioMA{S ??tPAFTNlAtlS
1 A lixedtime betweeneachtum. Dependingon thegamethis 5lcAEsABl,Ail
RoMA Pom*ran 28)SABMAIA S
turnroundtime may be as litde as one weekor up to several noMAl- c.ee. omGaul
6lcAESARlAli ,{l)vl({GS 8TH10THCEIiTUBY
?iCASTNAGINIAIS 41IMKINGS 1IIH.I2TH
CEMUFY
weeks.Someconpaniesrun a numberof gamesat the saine niaNcrENT
spANrsH 42laNcL0.sAx0'{8ni 10IH
time iI they havea larg€numberof players.If they do, then 9iiruurDrANs cENruRY
oJFARLYTHMCIANS 43IANGTO.SAXO,{.1IiHCF{IU8V
somemay havea longerturnroundtime thanothers,this is to ticLAsstcarcRaEx 44)NoRMAtls
allowfor morediplomacytime. 2)SYRACUSAN 5oECW-Eaily la iamentaians

2. Open-ended tums are not uncommon.In thistwe of game 17TH

53)LATE '
CEIITI]FY
you maymoveasoftenor aslittle asyou like. lf you canafiord
you may gainsomeadvantages
to, sometimes 17rHCE|{lUnYFrcnch
54)LATE
by playingrnor€ lTlHCETURY
55JLAIE - lhp€dalGls
movesthanyour opponent,but at a greatcosttoyourpocket.
201GALAILcxS
lno.htiorsl
PAYMENT: 2tIA CTENTERIIISH
This is usuallypaid in one of two *ays: - Pedod
22)GALLIC olG€r
- hal6nWaFPeiod
23|GALLIC
1. A fixedpriceper tum. This makesworkingout the overall
'OF FFE' IISIS{F|GUNESI FUGS)
costofthe gameeasy,ifyou knowthemovetumround timeand
the lengthof time ahegameis expectedto run for.
2. In this,themorecornplexpaymentmethod,the€ostdepends
onthe numberof tum sheetsyoufill in andhow oftenyou send

TURN SHEETSiCARD:
A simplecardorsheetthattheplayerhastofill in eachmove.A
well laidout sheetwill makeunderstanding
andfillingin orders
was put on as part of the regular wargamesconvention
GAME DURATION: FIASCO, run by the LeedswargamesClub.The combination
As with someof the other terms this may be split into two workedwell and will continuenext year.
In part two of this articleI will be detailingthreedifferent
1. The garnemay end when certain victory conditionsare play-by-nailwarganes.Thesewill be medieval,Napoleonic
reached,e.g-youcapturetheenemycapital andeliminateall his and Moderngarnes.
If you wish to find out more about P.B.M. you could tr!
2- Againthegamecouldbeopenended,goingonuntilthecM lookingat:
will decidethat it hasreacheda naturalconclnsron. Th€ British Play-BJ-Mail Association
POSTBOXING: c/o Mike Mccary, 55 Ed€n Road,
This is doneusuallyby an Englishcompanythat is runninean Ed€n Road, Waltharnstow'
Americangamein thiscountry.The Englishsidewillcollectall landon, Et7,
onemove'sgameturnsin, thenpostthemto the States.When The Po6td Gsmcrs Association
they comebackthey are then forwardedto the players. c/o Jon Woodal, Ba!€ment nat,
5 S.. Anncs Cre!.ent, I*w€s,
Play-by-nailcould,on ahesurface,be seenasa solitaryform E. Sussex,BNE 9DL.
ofgaming.Thisis far from the truth. Manyof thegamesneeda
largeamountofdiplomacyin ordertoplaythemto thetull. This FlagshiP
involvestheuseof manylettersor phonecalls.Duringthisstage An all PBM magazin€
youoftenget_feed-backon othergamesandtricksof the game. G.M.
Many play-by-mailplayersalso take part in other forms of This is found in all nair-n€wsag€nt!
gamessuchas tabletopor boardgames. and has a larg€ P.B.M. cov€ragr
Therearefewifany play-by,mailclubs.This is mainlydueto
the relativelysmallnurnberof peopleplayingin eachgameand Ifyou wishto visita P.B.M. conventionthere is onebeingheld
theirbeingspreado'rt- At the momenttheP.B.M equivalentof on 14thoctober at the SheffieldUniversity,PondStreetsite.
the wargamesclub is a regular pub meet. This is self-
explanaiory; playe^ from a largeareagathertotalk gamesand W.I.
gjndeElor Wargames
BIn|DERS
lllustrated(capacityI 2 issuesl
drink.
Unlike wargamers, P-B.M. playershavehad to wait a long ln a gold-on-greenlivery l-just likeNapoleon'slthey llallow
time for the €hanceto meetthe tradeat conventions. For the youf (opiesro scintillate on your bookshelves. .
pastthreeor four yearstherehasbeena regularconventionin Postpaidprices:uK: f4.75 Europe:EslR€stof world: €6.
London.Lastyeartheyspreadto SheffieldandLeeds.Thisyear Frcnr STnATAGEflPUBLICAIIO'IStTD,,
andnextyeartheyseemlikelytoexpand.TheLeedsconvention f! low'r Lana,Xau.rk, Iotta, IlG24 tHZ,
 1l

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f r . L l } l r r . l r r f f . L . : . r I l r . ' , 1 . , ,h . L \ t r l r r . L , L \ ,tt.fL ! r :. r i L r
r , , I r . J i r : k . L , | . f f h \ r h r l j r , , 1 , : r : . , J r r . L j l l ' r , ,t r . - h L . \ r , f L . , , l L , ! r j , , !r r r t u L r rL ,r t i i ! \ . r l . L f l t l t i t r i , . r r r \ L r r l n
' , r ' l ] ( . B , , t h i \ f t . ! \ L I r - r . . ! L l , r i r , L : . 1 | r , r r i . l r , Ll h , Ll L, r l : h . r L lt j i r , \ . 1 . tr . t f! t L , Lr r t i . t r L , , l , . u r . . , Lt rr L i r . I \ . r \ : . 1r , t r .
rr.\ftr,\lr:.f!lh\..Lrt.,Lr']r., \ f , 1 1 l l r\ | f . r , t l r . . f r i , r, . , r r h . i I l r . m \ , L h i t t i f
.r rr ir fn ihf r|rift'r '.,. .,
 45

6 +_2mmCslaiogue IRREGULARMINIATURES.- 25 + 15mmCatalooue

-
t1.25 including
Posldse & Sariple DEPT.WI, 4 PANKBOAD,NORTON,MALTON,N. YORKS
YO17gEA.TELEPHONET(0653)697693 ACCESS
"",-1L,'Fi*",.'*".
-
7ir0e Pddir)ft 6@ $h.d lttr
POSIAGEAND FACKINGJ2h% IM
IN GERIANY

rtr4ur' M nids rirlg6 E 4m MOENCAENGNEACH

hJ66q3oihn'4d!Ndl;&le*d6Ld

Acrylicsdry veryquickly,andit is perfecdyfeasibleto begin Asidefromkeepingyouroil brushesseparate

ftom thoseused
at oneendofa wargames unit andwork yourwayrightthrough with water-based paints,you do not needany specialtypesof
lhe unit with thatcolour.By the lime you finishthatcolour.the brushesfor oil paints.
first figure will be dry for you to start with the next colour. As a
bonus,the coloursdry to an attmctivesemi-gloss sheenthat is ComingbetweenOilsandAcrylicsintermsoftechnique area
waterproofand flexible. This meansthe figureslast longer range called Alkyds. These are produced exclusiv€lyby
WindsorandNewtonandaresimilarin composition
to Oils.But
The best ftnges for wargamersarc those producedby theymustbe thinnedwith a specialrn€dium.You applythemin
Citadel.Thesecomein tubswith snap-fitlidsandgoodcovering er(actlythe samewayasyouwouldwith Oils,but theydry in 24
properties.lfyou like to take your time with your paintingthe hours.This makesthem an excellentcompromis€for those
Guitarpaintsarethe onesfor you.Theyflow betterthanmost. painterswho like the quality offeredby Oils but who do not
andtakeup to 24hourstodry. Thisallowsyouto €onductmany havethepatienceto usethem.Comparedwith others,therange
subtle shadingoperationsand the like. With conventional ofcoloun availableis lirnited,but all arereadilyintermixable to
Acrylicsyoucanoftenfindthemsettingbeforeyouarefinished. give a wide range of results.

A typeof paintaroundwhichhasbeenwovena vastarrayof Currently,the painttypewith the grcatestarrayofcoloursis

mysticismis the artisasoil colour.Exactlywhythisshouldbe is Acrylic. But up to a few yean agothe holderof this title was
unclear,but.a smallminorityof paintersusethemto produce Designers Gouache.Many haveforgottenGouachetoday,but
stunningly brillianrresult.on theirminiarure tigu'es. it stillhasits devotees.
A hugerangeof coloursis available,and
Oil paintscan only be purchasedin tubesfrom a( shops. the colou^ dry in a very shorttime. The only drawbackis that
They look expensive,but even the smallesttube goesa long they can rub off of your models onto your fingers when dry.
way. The paint is thinned by using turps, or other special Thus,to makethem a usablepaint for wargamesfiguresyou
thinningagentscalled'mediumJ-Someof the latrerindease must be preparedto give th€m a coat of sprayvamish to fix the
the dryingtimes,othersshortenit- Likewise,somegivea dead paintto the figures.But that aside,they makeexcellentpaints
natt finish,while othersgive a tull gloss.Choosecarefuuyor for setpieces anddioramas.Washesin thistlpe ofpaintarealso
you ma) end up wnh a resulryou do nor like. very effective.
Oneof themostdistinctivefeaturesof oil paintsistheirdrying
time. In unthionedform theycantakedaysro dry, sometimes Another traditional type of paint is the Watercolour. And by
evenw€eks.Wlile thisis fine if you arecreatinga masterpiece this I meanthe tubed type, not the solid cak€ssomaDyof us had
in miniature,it canbeawkwardifyou wanta unitforusein your as children. Once again they have limited use for wargames
army tomofrow-So chooseyour mediumwith care. ngures, but their delicate, often hansparent shadescan look
46

NOW - TROOP
AVAILABLE - f2.O()
CARRIERS
AT
GAMERS IN EXILE
PAINTED
FIGURES/ARMES
BOUGHT El
- --
t -
t]][] ------"

PAINTED
FIGURES/ARMIES
SOLD
l l l '
Openlng: tlon 1.OO-$.15
TuFSat 10.00-6.15

COMEAND SEE US BEFOREWE BECOMEA CHUNNEL

283 PENTONVILLEROAD,LONDONNl 9NP
Telephone: 01-833 4971
WARGAMES_ FANTASYGAMES
ESSEX IRREGUI.AR GAMESWORKSHOP
DIXON H + R AVALONHILL
FREIKORPS CITADEL STANDARD
PIATOON 20 TSR PORTAGE

stunningin intricate fantasyfigures. The main obstacleto their effects,but usethemwith case.They caneasilyoveryow€rth€
generaluseis their lack of coveringpower. The slightestamount figure itself, and a good paint job shouldcomplimentthe figurc,
of grease on a model will send the paint fllng into small not swampit. A recentadditionto the worldof paintshasbeen
droplets. And no amount of caking on of colour is going to Citadelhmnge of Inks for modellers.Faling betweenpaints
andinks,theyare usedin exactlythe sameway asanistsinks.
Eachcolourisdesigned for usewithonespecificCitadelcolour,
Another favourite of the chidren is Poster colour. Usuallv but naturallythey can be usedwith other makes.Definitely
soldin smallJarsr ir is ollittle usetor figures.But itcao be very worth a look.
usetul for colouring scenery.Its coaGe texturc and ability to
cover the rcughest plaster and basesboth count in its favour. Havingdecidedwhat type of paint you wishto try, tbe next
Many colours are available, and all can be freely mixed. questionis usually:'What€oloursshouldI buy?'Nowherewill
Thinning is by water, therefore the paintshaveno nastysmellto you find anytubesrnarkedEnglish Madder or ChasseurGreen.
annoytheothermembers of thehousehold. In all, a usefulpaint You nust be preparedto nix and match to get the resultsyou
to havehandy,but not to useexclusively.
I would suggestthe follolring colours asa basicpalette, but I
Thereis oneothertypeof paintavailablein anshops,butitis muststressthatthisis a personallistandin no waysacred.Alter
of little use to wargamers.This paint is called Egg Tempen. it at will to meet your peNonal requirements.
Similar to Acrylic, but it usesthe egg yolk as its basicbinding Largetubes:Ivory Black,TitaniumWhite.
agent.When dry it givesa brittle, textured finish that is almost Smaler tubes: Yellow Ochre, I€mon Yellow, Vaddian,
totallyuseless for wargames figures.Onceagain,it hasits uses Crimson,CobaltBlue,Ultramarin€,Bumt Umberandpossibly
for sc€nery,but the expenseusuallyrulesthis out. Flesh.
To thislist shouldof courcebe addeda bottleof rhe relevanr
While not strictly paints, Artists Inks are generallyavailable medium if the paints caonot be thinned with water.
ftom art shops,and they can be very usefulfor fine detaiiing or And do not be afraid to mix differeot paint types on one
thin washes.Especialy in black. These Ioks are generally figurc.lf your figureis clothedin Matt Enamels,thenhis skin
suppliedin smal bottlesto be dilutedbeforeuse.Evena small will positivelyshineif completedin Acrylics or Oils. Likewise, a
bottle is surprisingly economic. Apply the ink either as a litde Metallic Enamel can rcally bring a figure to life as his
well-thinn€dwash or throughaveryfinepen.A thin bla€kwash Bayonetgleamsin the sunlight.
over plain silver armour really brings it to life, as it gathersin I hopethat thisarticlehasopenedyour eyesto someofthe
every depressionand link of the mesh.In fact a thin washover altematives for the painting of top classminiatures for your
almosteverycolourcanadddepthin thisway.But takecarenot tabletop battles. Never be aJraidto experim€nt, and time thus
to overdo it, otherwisethe base colours will be dulled. spentis seldomwasted.Happy Mixing.
Colours other than black can be used to grve oudandish
 X( )o
iorzclgoDs
przoz)rJ,ctioDs

Out on October25th,

LARGE15mm
S A M U R A I W A RD R U M
To go with our large range
Mail Order Specialists Open7 days {once on the Dixon's label),this range is the
P&P 10%- Orders over f10 Post Free largestand most completeavailable,..
Minifigs,Hovels,Platoon20,Heroics& Ros, The Drum has been made avajlablethrough our
GamesWorkshop,T.M. Games.Poste PERSONAL DESIGNSERVICE, to lhe
reouirementsof its Datron
Militaire,Barton,Almond,ChotaSahib, MR B. BROWN ol the North Farnborough
CheshireVolunteer,Mil-Art.Phoenix wargames club.
and many others. For detailsof our ranges,and services,including
more new Samuraiout in early Novembersend
Just phone through your order with your t1.75p ($5.00plus 4 ICR's)for our {ull catologue
Access or Visa number, or write to: with pack of 5 samplesto:

MERCENARY MINIATURES TWO DRAGONSPRODUCTIONS

(Dept.WI) 160DALKEITHROAD 70 Luck Lane.Marsh, Huddersfield,
West YorkshireHDl 4OX
EDINBURGH EHl6sDX We can now acceptpaymentby the major credit
PHONE:(031)6624297 cards.
Pleasenote, we will not be at
Derby-The OspreyWorld Championships

TheCOMV)ISSEUR
Range
Figuresby PETERGILDER
Thecamoaionseasonis nearlvover,nowisthetimeto recruitforthenextthrust. Connoisseur brinovou more
in ourevbrekendingAmericanCivilWarrange,to fillthosegapsin yourarmies,Whenyouorderaai for Peler
Gilder'sGettysburgtrganisationchartswhich witl give yo-ub brebkdownof the masler'snex campaign
PEASONALTTY FIGURES
All rtIl,25 AC l3C RlshesLancers POSTAGE _'IO%
& PACKING
PE 27 RobeftE. Lee AC 14C Rushestancer Officer
PE 28 StonewallJackson AC 15C Confederate
Cav.raiderwith UK BFPO:Min P&P30p
Odels over €15 postfrce
AMERICAN CIVILWAA AC 16C Conlederaie
Cav.raiderwirh
AC 47 14thNew Yo* advancino OVERSEAS
AC 4a BsrdanSharcshooterfii-nq Sudace30% min €1.00
AC 4s) BerdanShamshoolerkneerinsfidns Airmail0O%min f2.00
AC 50 BerdanSharpshooter sniper
AC 51 Be.danSharpshooter proneloadins PRICES
AC 52 BcrdanShaDshooterOfficer F O O T . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . .3. .7. .p. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AC 68 UnionOffic€rwith BinoculaF c A v A 1 R Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - -3-7- -p- - - - -
H O A S E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.8. .p. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
c A M E 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -6- -3-p- - , - - - -
For the benefit of our custone.s in Nonh America:
CONNOISSEUBFIGUBESUSA. 2625 FORES| GLEN|RAIL,
RIVERWOODS, tLL. 60015USA.
6n now seNtce your rcqurcments.
Connoisseur
Figures
20a CoastalRoad,Buhiston.
ScarboJough,N. Yorks,YO130HR
Tel: (07231870741
Send ef for new catalogue and sample ligure

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48

DERBYWARGAMESASSOCIATES
TRADE STANDS ATTENDING THIS YEAR
PRESENTTHE
MULTI Co. PORTAGEMINIATURES

OSPREYBOOKS KEEP WARGAMING

NAWVAR PRODUCTIONS
HAIES MODELS
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WORLI) Q.T, MODELS

SKYTREX
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CHAMPIONSHIPS SECONDCHANCE & MILLIART

FRONTLINE WARGAMING
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1989 SUSSEXMINIATURES
CONNOISSEUR MINIATURES
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FRONT RANK
AIBION SCOTT GAILIAUK
CAMPAIGNS& HOVELS GLA-DIATORGAMES
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SPONSOREDBY OSPREYBOOKS CHARIOT MINI.4$URES MAINLY MILITARY
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LANCASHIRE GAMES RED TRIANGLE PAINTING
Saturday7th & Sunday8th Octotrer1989 MARBETH DESIGNS STRAIAGEM

Featuring:
World WARGAMES Comoetition
Display Game Competition * Re-enactmentSocieties CLULOWS
BOOKS TErI,N'J}LO'ES GAMESWORXSHOP
TradeStands* Bring&Buy * Bar&Food
Do not miss the largest selection of Trade Stands and the biggest
Wargames Championships of 1989

ifyou require further details then pleasesendan S.A.E.to:-

Mr John Grant, 29 Wade Avenue, Littleover, Derby DE3 6BG

NEW AMERICAN
WESTSERIES
outhsPa
US CAVALRY25mm
gun
US3150CalGatling
aiminggun
US32Gunnersitting
US33Gunnerfiring gun
Gatling
US34Gunnerkneeling
withGatling
ammo
US CIVILIANS25mm
AWg Cowboyinchaps(mounted) THESOUTH'S
AW10 Outlawholdingwomanasshield
AW11 Outlawin slicker
firingshotgun
AW12 Bountyhunterin ponchofiringpistol
LARGEST
AW13 Minerwithpackmule
Aw14 Longhorn
AW15 Longhorn
steerwalking
steerwalking
headdown
headup
MINIFIGS
NOTE:Horsesfor AW9 are standing,walking or galloping
STOCKIST
Postage
UK& BFPO of order.Minimum30pence.
121/z%
UKOrdersoverf20 postfree ALL MAJOR
CREDIT CARDS
Overseas
airmail50%of orderminimum f2.50 WELCOMED
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ace33o/oof orderminimumf 1.50
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Latestreleases, always,quicklyavailable bypost- worldwide
Send50pfor a full listof ourproducts N O WI N S T O C K
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andsamplefootfigure. f3.5O - U.K. f5.OO - Overseasinc. post.

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 49

WARRIORMINIATURES
,SCHLASS 79 Godfrey Road Spixworth
gNX NORWICH NRI(| 3NJ
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For full (ataloq-"& sdmpletig se.d lso f^ .d$ sump<& sAf
Scorland.
ABLISHING
6mmComesAlive!
N E W . . . N E W . . . E A G L E3 0 0 . . . N E W . . . N E W
A braid Br'6tnn Napoleonic Figure runge!
Ismm ARMIES 25mfr ABMIES Qualit, like 15l25nntl Send SAE lor sntnple or.l listihgs!
Onlv f9.95 + !1.30 ,on. Nap.Lonic Only !13.95 + f2-5(l Posr
Bnbsh and Fr€nchNa@leonjc BriGh F.cnch Ru$ian.Prusian IsO9CAIIIPAICN ENCLISHCIVIL WAR
FonanEmol-r aD FCwRo.a'n Ausnan sp.nish- All amp< 1309/01sacite I:.75 MoNior Abedeen t175
fLw Patunprknd, q' !|] lhon includ€ 4 ''9< ol ld,2 Esi< of wrR
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ACw Conlade,are lSlh C.ntury ho6e + a s€kral. isor;;;;;;;,* ;:7i ---
rca5bsi) .@d l"nau J u NLW! 25mm bln (r€6 ro lun l.{! lA L.nmuhl_
aboue - !l p.r sei ot 5. F@t or Ca!. 1309/06Asp-Essling t1.25 AMERTCAX nAn OF TNDEPE\Df,NCE
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I1E Ronan Amy. ld-2'd Cenruo AD Mexican,Amdcan wa' 13,16 l3tr9/03Raab !1.75 AwI/01 Cimden I3:i
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25 AR1 L€oonaru.otum AMI us iiLnnmd adEErc h od r3D CAMPATGN ,iijinr r^, hij: rr
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AM.l T?^r R,nk
r - -- _ ' \ L , t i . | . t . t P n t5, Lt-(
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AM6 Metrai Lne advatuno AUt0r \,ru1\taor.tr
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PENNSULAR CAMPAIGN Aulron PotandtlJ1l7l1 !3.75
am;ured AM9 C,eiadLerGbd OJfr.s PEN/01 Roli.a&vifriero tl75 AUI/09 PrusialT9T-1306 11.75
25 AR9 Auiliaru. slinqer rl75 Aurrl0 Baden/wunrcmhuiC
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5 ARfr 5.6@,onBatEia AMlz U5 lnbDw .hamna PEN/01Cros:insrhcDouro f3.7i AUI/tl S\eden llt02lt tl75
25 ARE2Bal6'ac'€w (2) - abp Al]1{liMercn F<da;loter rvE) t l - 5- r AUt .: w.{ph"...,
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CAV 55p EACH INC. HOBSE
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-tnner
AMC4Menci lttr4h'l ANSCHLUSSRULES lnnovation incanare'
AMCsMdjon Cavar@n-in sharo Jwol Hcllb!Drllighr. (20thCenrur!Skituish) 13.j0
Ma Anerican Barqain Pi.k HC/l)lEbb&FlosofAa(k:lilodl.ThelSrnCanrpaign f{.35
rm aqn.d rd iquE otrrvfl7.s0 HGi02Fbb&flo*olBrrle:Modl'lhelsllcrmpaign t{35
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RafmMiniatures roe OuALITY2-tnrm

FICtJRES
1eill
BOOTSAND SADDLESUNIT PACKST9.95
BS- 1001
U.S.CAVALRY(15mounted
figures)
I eachBS00A, BS008,BS00C.BS58, BS5C.
3 eachBS2A.28.4eachBS3.
BS - 1002U.S. CAVALRY (3bdismounted
figures)
1 eachBS 1, BS 6, 9 eachBS4A, 48.4C.
3 eachBS 5A.
BS - 1003PLAINSINDIANS (15mountedfigures)
3 each
BS7A,78,7C.
BS8A.88,8C.BS10C.
-
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2 eachBS 10A, 10B.l1 eachBS9,{. 98,9C.

s n d l i s ts e n d! l ( U . K . o n l y )t o :
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Portage 70 HarcourtStreet
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@ (0636)701439
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U. K. customers
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50

IUORTHERT MILITAIRE'8?,
NOVEMBER 4th & sth 1989
PEMBROKE HALLS,
WALKDEN, WORSLEY
Situatedon the Junctionof the ,4.6andA575
at Walkden in closeoroximitv to the
Motorway system.
Good car parking facilities,Bar and
Restaurantsetc.
Lots of TradeStands,PaintingCompetitions,
Bring & Buy, and all the usualactivitiesyou
havecometo associate with this lons runnine
event.
OpeningTimes:10.30amto 5.00pmSaturday
10.00amto 4.30omSundav
,+!
Admission: n.00 Adults Y
f1.00Under14andO.A.P's.
This is a supervenue,bring alongthefamily
ana enloy a good day out.

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KEEP WARGAMING
PaulandTeresaBailey
ffiffiftSR
ffidffi LeMarchantBarracks,
-L!ndonFoad,
ffi Devizes,
Wiltshire-,.
S-N102ER,UK
' AI l'I.H'|' ,hh8

We look forward to seeing you all at:

H+.tsg{E
Weshallbe atthe followinqshos in rhe nearfuture:
3oth Sep Skkmkh,ChipD€nham
Osprey World Champs 718Ocl BridgeCenve
SELWG 15Oct Trh6thOcl Wond Championships,
AssemblvRooms
De6y
Northem Mililaire 4,/5Nov lsrhOct lllhlntern6tionalModelExhib.
Wodore '89Reoding I l/12 Nov 22ndOct
Stok. MandsvilleSlaliun
SELWGOoenDav
qnd showing our lotest releqsesincludingi LewishanLeisureCenlre
111h/1ah
Nov Warefare,Readinq
Wotlen SS 1939,44 Rivem6adLsisu.eC€nlrc
U,S,Infontry 1942,44 25lh,26lhNov PooleConvention
HenryHatbinSchool
British Heovy Weopons
Spqnish Civil Wor Heavy Weqpons OFFICIALMINIFIGSSTOCI(ST
qnd Hopetully Isroelis & Polesliniqns FisuB
M n,aru'eFiou'in€s:All 1smmand mosl 25mmranoes& RalPanhd
(Lebanon 1982) Hero'cs& Fos f'sures & AoundsayMiniaiurer-.Ilr,ou'€ r.noer
Dxo.s Mini6rur€s Alllsmm & 25mmrdnges
To obtoin our cotqlogue Nawar & Naismnh- seleciedranoes.
send SAE + 20p stqmp tol WdroanesResea,ch
B@k3& R!l.s
G'ouo: B.tm Publicalons:tmt'e GamesP.essi
MOdG.ms, TabldoDGdines:NewburyRule'j Osp'evMen ar A'ms,
17 Ocklleld Drlve Vangua.djplusselededtitlestom m6nyolhar prblhh€6.

Uplon-By-Chester Inres'alTe"ain,
_
T.rnin & ModelBulldlno.
K&V Tr€s: Hov€ls{resinl,MainlyMililaryI'esinr'
F.d.ov€r Des'sn(cd d): SLSSenic P'oduds.
Chesler CH2 ILG
Foriulldetailsof our m.il orders€ruic.sendans.a,e.to the aboveaddr€ss.
o2M 3r9 399 ShopopenTues-sal(10.00am'6.00pm1.
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 51

ESSEXMINIATLIRES
15rvn -ANCIE\rTS
Takea lookat our evergrowingrangeof 15mmminiatures.Trueto our reputationthe qualityot bothdesign
andnanulacture arcunsurpassed,Justsenda SAEor twointernationalreptycoupons lor aurlreel5m;
catalogueor sendel lor a mixedsamplepackoltherangeol yourchoiceandthecatalogue ryillbeincluded.
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SENDS.A.E.OR WO I.R.C.FOROURCOMPTETECATALOGUE
OF '1NN "I,INIAiURES
Podlagee P*ri'g dB torUX& EFPO PICKACTNC oET lts
flhhun PGr.go& Padinq- 50p hlafttp.d 8fu!r6 85p TELEPHONE ORDERS
Onte.lvllueow l'@ fid unddfisll, - 10% hlatut@hmdpad 6t!uB 0268 682iO9
fr.rs ovr. H5,m- 11,50 C.v.lryr.d ahds4r*LB !:p
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LEISURECENTRE
LEWISTIAM

SUNDAY
22NDOCTOBER' AUL GREENWOOD
16 West Hallowes
i n f o r m a t i o n& A d v a n c eT i c k e t s S
: e n d f 1 . 5 0 a n d S . A . E .t o : L o n d o nS E g
When replying to adverts please rnention Warganes Illustrated.
 unit 19,
InshopsCentre,
68.74 Church Street,
Croydon.
Tel: O1-760 OO78
98 Station Street, lSmm & 25mm
Burton-on-Trent, HISTORICAL MODELS FOR
Staffs THE DISCERNING WARGAMER
THREE NEW ARMIES TO ADD TO THE
COMPREHENSIVE LISTINGOF MODELS
BY THE WARCAMINC MANUFACTURER
The main news this month is that our
Croydonshop has moved to: T ANG and FM DYNASTTESCIITNESE
615A,D. to 940 A.D. rsmm
Unit 19, 2451 Chineselnlantry SpcarShickl
2452 ChineseInfanry Orossbow
InshopsCentre, Z45rl Chin€scInfanr[' BoN
2454 Chinesclnlanlry PikeShiel.l
68-74 Church Street, 2455 NcFaleseArche.
Croydon. 2456 T! ChuehAreh€.
245? Chin€sclnfanl$'Conmand
ZC45l Chin€seHeavy (iaulry Lancc
Samephone number(01-7600078) 2C452 Chin€seLight CaulryJavelin
ZC45l Chin€seLighr (raralry Ros
2C454 TibetanCataphmcls Lan.e Row
ZC45a 1\Chn.h Armorre(l Ca\€lry Lan.e
ZC45tt TuChreh Light Calal ry Jaiclin
Hopefullyby the time you readthiswe will 2c457 Chines€Cavalry Command
haverecoveredfrom the move,and will not ZC45a Tibetan Calalry (ronmand
2C459 tuChu.h{ra!2lr}lionnand
onlyhaveIotsof stock,but willbe ableto find ZA45r Light Bolt Thrcwe6(2)
2A452 HeavyBoltThrcw€r(l)
it too! 2A453 Chin€seArtillery CreN (6 FiC,s)
ZD45l'Dngaihin.scChariot,
2 crcw and 4 HoFes!1.00

MEXICAN ABMIES - r5th-l6th CENTURY l5mfr

tolx WarriorP csts
Jo2X EagleKnjghls
30lX Jaguar(nighls
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308X MrquauhuirlWanioN
309X WarrioBwithBow
310X WarrioN with Sling

Crmpleof JlonDon 3tlx

312X
W rio6withSpea.
lvarrioB with Jalelin

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INCA ARMY - EARLY I6thCENTURY lSmm

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.l2ilX Ctrz.o Rrgimcnl Star MaG
.124X ChinrhaJsu Li sDe..
91 BALLARDSLANE 'l2ax Qtrecha$'a.d,r'shrg
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01-3462327 :l.ll)X Lilt.i Holr Reli(. 4 rnrtcs and Pfi.st

FULLRANGESOF:AVALON HILL.CHAOSIUM.
COLUMBIA,F,G,U.,
FAS+G,D.W.,GAMES POSIAGD& PACXINC FULLCATALOGUE
WORKSHOP,HERO, MAYFAIR
I,C.E,, PACE.SETTE
R, t3,50u,I<,
PALLADIUM, l 5 % u p t o t 2 o . 0 0o r d e r
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ACCESS,VTSAWELCOM€ Regisler.d in Englind No 937644 v.A.T. No IEE 029E3l

When replying to adverts please mention Wargames Illustrated.

 53

CLASSIFIEDADVERTISEMENTS FROM THE RAIDER

Ads should be ac.ompmied by a chequemade payableto Saratagem
Publi@tior$ Lid., lE hve6 Lane, Newa*, Noti!. NG24 lHZ. The Ottomar hDne & Tle Napoleoric Wat3
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U Wi iam E. Jotnson & Christopher Bell
Price 52.95
Vohrteer Resimerts of ErElar4 Scodand& wal€3, 1806
Edited by an Sapherson
FOR SALE Price !4.95
SUB-ROMANBRITISH(ARTHURIAN)ARMY 58 Cavalry, Urhow! Atmies: Volue Tvo - PeBia/Ir.r
158 Infantry. 96 SaxonInfantry, RcligiousGroup. All well By Peter Abbott
Price 13.25
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Navy Lists Vohrme S€ver - The Royat aw 1803-1815
BARGAIN MILITARY BOOKS. All periods,all under !10. By Alaa Sapherson
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NAPOLEONIClsmm MINIFIGS FIGURES- Imrnaculatelv - Btitain'E Alltes & Enemi* 1803-1815
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French armies lcft. Each 100+ piecesstrong - €80 each
inc.p.&p.Drop a line to: P. Walker,42 AshfieldsRoad, tle Sever Weeks Wat - 1866
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LARGECOLLECTION25mmFIGURES,all periods,painted availabefrom lan Weekley, The Old Anchor of Hope,
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MILITARY BOOKSboughrandsold.SAE for calalogue. Mike

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OPPONENTS WANTED 6 or 15mmNapoleonics. Have6mrn 8BE.Tel:0228 7l1188.
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FIGUREPAINTINC FORTHE DISCERMNG.Only hish- wargames demonstrations, a paintingcompetiliooofmore than
est quality in 2 styles. Ex-Vista Enterpises employees 20classes,30ofthe hobby'sl€adingtraders,plus,of course,our
guaranteefast turnroundand bestcustomerservice.Send
famousBringandBuy. The Centreoffersa cafeteriaproviding
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WARPAINT ProfessionalPainting Service. All scalesat andinfdmation pleasesenda largeSAE to: PaulGreenwood'
competitivepricesto collectorsstandards.SAE for FREE 16 west Hallowes.Ehharn.London.SE94EX
sampleand price list to: Mr D. Stringfellow,106woodlands WAPENTAKE89 presenledby WessexWargamesSociety.
Road.Haresfinch,St. Helens.Merceyside. wA11 9AG. Sunday29th October,10.00-5.00,Millbrook School,Grecn
VMD HUE PAINTINGSERVICE.Yet anotherfineexponent Lane,Southampton. FeatunngNapol€onicTeamCornpetidon
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BUGLE& MUSKETPAINTINGSERVICE,veryhighslandaTd NORTHERN MILITAIRE Saturday& Sunday lrh & sth
ofwork, all sizesandperiods.For samplesendfl.50 statingsize November.1989.PembrokeHalls. High Strect, walkden.
andperiodrequiredto: Eagle& Musket,148ValleyCrescent, worsley.Saturda!:ltJ.30am 5.00pm.Sunday:10.00am -
Wrenthorpe,Wakefield,Yorkshire,WF2 oND. 4.30prn.Good car parking facilities. Bar. Reskuranr erc.
Re cnactment.Trade Srands.Games in progress,Paindng
CLUBS& SOCIETIES competition.Tradeenquiriesto: J. Hinchtiffe.l2 Lowerwest
INTERESTtrDIN JOINING25mmACW denonstrationWaF Houses.Moorbottom.Honley. Huddcrsfield.HD7 2JB. Tel:
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of the Midlands?Contact:Graham- 0981540534. GAMESCON89 is the 6th annualmeetingin BASILDONof
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heldeveryfirst. third andfifth Sundayin the monthat Emlyn Novemberal the LaindonCornnunityCentrefrom 9.00-5.00.
Hall. Emlyn Street,Walkden,Manchester.Most periodsand Admission50p.
scalescovered.Furtherdetailsftom: Keith Massev.4 Amber
Grove, The Shires,Westhoughton,Bolton, BL5 3LE. Tel: WARFARE E9 is moving to RivermeadLeisure Cenrre,
Westhoughton 818529. Richfield Avenu€, Reading.The dates are 10th and l1th
November1989-More facilities.more roomand moreaames.
LEEDSWARGAMESCLUB ;s open to new membersin the BOOK NOW. Ring Colin: 0734479863.
WestYorkshirearea.The club meetscach Wednesday from
6.30to 10.30andthe secondSalurdayeachmonthfrom 10.00 SOUTHDORSETMILITARY SOCIETY:Convention,24th-
onwardsat the AlexandraClub, Thornhill Road. Armley. 25th Novenber 1989 at Henry Harbin School, Wimborne
Leeds12.Therearenoweeklyorannualfees for theclub.There Road, Poole,Dorset.9 6pn both days.Enquiies telephone
areover50membersplayinginall periodsandscales.aswellas eitherMrBillT'.urlow on Poole672396 orMr DavidCookeson
peopleplaying all sorts of other games.i.e. board games. Bournemouth525155.
fantasy.computer.role-playandplay'by-mailgames.The club
runs the annualwargamesconventionF.l.A.S.C.O. Anyone MODELS,WARGAMESAND BOARDGAMESat The Cor-
wishing for more details please contact Kevin or John: poration Hall, Prince Regent Street. Stockton,on,Tees on
Secretary,JohnSmith,27 Armley GrangeMount, Leeds,w. Salurday 2nd Deccmbcr 1989, l0am'1,30pm. Adnission:
Yorks, LS123QB. Chainnan:Kevin whitlock, 50 Broadlea Adulrs-60p. Childrcn& OAPS 30p.Allproceedsin aidofthe
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GAM€SGAZETTEI TsR LTD SIIEITIELD TRIPLES90 MaTch17l18th,
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CAMPAIGN'm WoughtonCarnpus, Milton Keynes,May 12&
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SATTJRDAY 9.00dn - 5.30dn 13, 1990.Features:SouthemPlay-offsfor the world Cham-
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adddh 5s. aDeD (tnl cdD.! Plus some surprises-Conta€ts:Entries for the UK F/SF
Rdn r, cr,,bl c4ddm Prqn Chanpionships andgeneralenquiries Dean Bass,14Skeats
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FORTHCOMINGEVENTS 697283.Demogam€s/participation ganes- Kevin Scardifield,
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SunderlandwargarnesClub Open Day CLOSE RANKS
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Horton Gate, Giffard Park. Milton Keynes, MK14 sPQ.
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 i5

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