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"Theories of Personality": Philosophy

This document provides an overview of key concepts related to personality theory. It defines personality as a pattern of traits and characteristics that give consistency and individuality to a person's behavior. It discusses the differences between traits, which contribute to individual differences and are inherited, and characteristics, which are unique qualities of an individual. The document also defines other important theoretical concepts like theory, speculation, hypothesis, taxonomy, and what makes a useful theory. It concludes with dimensions for conceptualizing humanity.

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Einsen Angeles
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62 views2 pages

"Theories of Personality": Philosophy

This document provides an overview of key concepts related to personality theory. It defines personality as a pattern of traits and characteristics that give consistency and individuality to a person's behavior. It discusses the differences between traits, which contribute to individual differences and are inherited, and characteristics, which are unique qualities of an individual. The document also defines other important theoretical concepts like theory, speculation, hypothesis, taxonomy, and what makes a useful theory. It concludes with dimensions for conceptualizing humanity.

Uploaded by

Einsen Angeles
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 1

“THEORIES OF
PERSONALITY”

Personality
 Originated from the Latin persona, which
Theory and Its Relatives
referred to a theatrical mask worn by Philosophy
Roman actors in Greek dramas.
 When psychologists use the term  Means love of wisdom, and philosophers
“personality,” they are referring to are people who pursue wisdom through
something more than the role people play. thinking and reasoning.
 No single definition is acceptable to all  Epistemology - nature of
personality theorists, we can say that knowledge. It is also the
personality is a pattern of relatively investigation of what distinguishes
permanent traits and unique justified belief from opinion.
characteristics that give both consistency
Speculation
and individuality to a person’s behavior.
 Where theories rely on; however, it must
Trait
be based on the controlled observations
 Contribute to individual differences in of scientist.
behavior, consistency of behavior over
Hypothesis
time, and stability of behavior across
situations. (Inherited)  An educated guess or prediction specific
 May be unique, common to some group, enough for its validity to be tested through
or shared by the entire species. the use of the scientific method.
Characteristic  Deductive Reasoning – going from
general to specific.
 Unique qualities of an individual that  Inductive Reasoning - going from
include such attributes as temperament, specific to general.
and intelligence.
Taxonomy
Theory
 Classification of things according to their
 Set of related assumptions that allows natural relationships.
scientists to use logical deductive
reasoning to formulate testable
hypotheses.
What Makes a Theory Useful?
1. Generates Research
2. Falsifiable
3. Organizes Data
4. Guides Action
5. Internally Consistent
6. Parsimonious

Dimensions for a Concept of Humanity


1. Freewill vs. Determinism
2. Optimism vs. Pessimism
3. Causality vs. Teleology
4. Conscious vs. Unconscious
5. Biological vs. Social
6. Uniqueness vs. Similarities

-sey

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