v

Topic
Rounding
2

3
The world’s largest
American flag is 255 feet
wide. Each star is 17 feet
high. How long is the
flag? You will find out
in Lesson 2-1.

1
How many different kinds of
alligators and crocodiles are there?
You will find out in Lesson 2-4.

2
How many feet long is the Golden
Gate Bridge? You will find out in
Lesson 2-3.

22

27289_022-023_FSD_001 22 12/12/06 11:07:43 PM

 4
How many steps lead to the
Vocabulary
top of the Leaning Tower
of Pisa? You will find out in Choose the best term from the box.
Lesson 2-2. • hundreds • sum
• ones • tens

1. In 259, the 2 is in the ? place.

2. In 259, the 9 is in the ? place.

3. The answer in addition is the ? .

Place Value

Copy and complete.

4. 35 ⫽ ■ tens ■ ones

5. 264 ⫽ ■ hundreds ■ tens ■ ones

6. 302 ⫽ ■ hundreds ■ tens ■ ones

Addition Facts

Write each sum.

7. 3 ⫹ 5 8. 1 ⫹ 8 9. 6 ⫹ 4
10. 4 ⫹ 3 11. 8 ⫹ 2 12. 6 ⫹ 6
13. 7 ⫹ 6 14. 8 ⫹ 6 15. 9 ⫹ 9

16. Janika bought 3 books on Monday and

6 books on Tuesday. How many books
did she buy in all?

17. Writing to Explain Derrick has 4 red,

2 blue, 2 green, 2 yellow, and 2 orange
balloons. Explain how to skip count to
find how many balloons he has in all.

Topic 2 23

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 Lesson

2-1 Finding the Halfway Number

How can you find the number halfway between
two numbers?
NS 1.4 Round off
numbers to 10,000 to
What number is halfway
halfway number
the nearest ten, hundred, between 80 and 90?
and thousand.
85 is halfway between
80 and 90.
80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

Guided Practice*
Do you know HOW? Do you UNDERSTAND?
Find the number halfway between each 3. Writing to Explain Look at the
pair of numbers. number line above that shows
6,000 and 7,000. How do you
1. 40 and 50
know that 6,800 is not the halfway
number?
40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

4. A road has a mile marker every mile.

2. 9,000 and 10,000
Marge has stopped at a rest area
at mile marker 60. There is a gas
9,000 9,200 9,400 9,600 9,800 10,000
station at mile marker 70. What mile
marker is halfway between Marge
and the gas station?

Independent Practice
Find the number halfway between each pair of numbers.
You may draw number lines to help.
5. 20 and 30 6. 40 and 50 7. 90 and 100

8. 700 and 800 9. 300 and 400 10. 800 and 900

11. 4,000 and 5,000 12. 8,000 and 9,000 13. 8,800 and 8,900

14. 6,300 and 6,400 15. 2,000 and 3,000 16. 7,600 and 7,700

24 *For another example, see Set A on page 36.

27289_024-025_24 24 9/4/07 4:49:01 PM

 What is the number halfway between 400 and 500? When you find
halfway number the number that is
halfway between
two numbers, you
400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 find the number that
450 is halfway between 400 and 500. is the same distance
from both of the
What is the number halfway between 6,000 and 7,000? other numbers.
halfway number

6,000 6,200 6,400 6,600 6,800 7,000

6,500 is halfway between 6,000 and 7,000.

Problem Solving

For 17–19, find the halfway number for each number line.

17. 18.
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 200 220 240 260 280 300

19. 20. Look back at your answers for

3,000 3,200 3,400 3,600 3,800 4,000
problems 17–19. How are they alike?

21. Jack read 132 pages in one week. 22. The length of the world’s largest
Jim read 125 pages in the same American flag is halfway between
week. Who read more pages? 500 feet and 510 feet. How many
Explain how you know? feet long is this flag?

23. Ricardo says that 5,600 is halfway 24. Writing to Explain Explain how to
between 5,000 and 6,000. Is he find the number halfway between
correct? Why or why not? 500 and 600.

25. The number 650 is halfway between 26. Which set of numbers is in order
which pair of numbers? from least to greatest?
A 65 and 6,500 A 121, 119, 118, 115
B 500 and 600 B 115, 119, 121, 118
C 600 and 700 C 118, 115, 121, 119
D 6,000 and 7,000 D 115, 118, 119, 121

Lesson 2-1 25

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 Lesson

2-2 Rounding 2- and 3-Digit Numbers

How can you round numbers?
To the nearest 10, about how
NS 1.4 Round off many rocks does Tito have?
numbers to 10,000 to the
nearest ten, hundred,
and thousand.
Round 394 to the nearest ten.
To round, replace a number
with a number that tells
about how many.

Another Example How can you round to the nearest hundred?

To the nearest hundred, about how many rocks does Donna have?
Round 350 to the nearest hundred.
One Way You can use a number line.
halfway number

300 350 400

If a number is halfway between, round to the greater number.
350 is halfway between 300 and 400, so 350 rounds to 400.
Another Way You can use place value.
Find the digit in the rounding place. Then look at the next
digit to the right.
hundreds place

350 Since 5 ⫽ 5, increase the digit in the

hundreds place by one. Then change
all the digits to the right to zero.
400
So, 350 rounds to 400. Donna has about 400 rocks.

Explain It
1. If you round 350 to the nearest ten, would you still say that
Donna has about 400 rocks? Why or why not?
2. Explain why 350 is the least number that rounds to 400.

26

27289_026-028_001 26 11/2/06 5:57:48 PM

 One Way Another Way
You can use a number line. You can use place value.
halfway number • Find the digit in the rounding place.
394 • Look at the next digit to the tens
right. If it is 5 or greater, increase place
390 395 400 the digit in the rounding place
by 1. If it is less than 5, leave the
rounding digit alone. 394 Since 4 < 5,
394 is closer to 390 than 400, leave the tens
• Change all digits to the right place as it is.
so 394 rounds to 390. of the rounding place to 0. 390
Tito has about 390 rocks.
So, 394 rounds to 390.
Tito has about 390 rocks.

Guided Practice*
Do you know HOW? Do you UNDERSTAND?
Round to the nearest ten. 13. Number Sense What number is
halfway between 250 and 260?
1. 37 2. 63 3. 85
14. Reasoning Tito adds one more
4. 654 5. 305 6. 752
rock to his collection. Now about
how many rocks does he have,
Round to the nearest hundred.
rounded to the nearest ten?
7. 557 8. 149 9. 461 rounded to the nearest hundred?
Explain your answer.
10. 207 11. 888 12. 835
15. Writing to Explain Tell what
you would do to round 46 to the
nearest ten.

Independent Practice
Round to the nearest ten.
16. 45 17. 68 18. 98 19. 24 20. 55

21. 249 22. 732 23. 235 24. 805 25. 703

26. Reasoning Round 996 to the nearest ten.

Explain your answer.

Animated Glossary
www.pearsonsuccessnet.com

*For another example, see Set B on page 36. Lesson 2-2 27

27289_026-028_002 27 11/2/06 5:57:55 PM

 Independent Practice
Round to the nearest hundred.
27. 354 28. 504 29. 170 30. 839 31. 682

32. 945 33. 585 34. 850 35. 702 36. 270

37. Reasoning Round 954 to the nearest hundred.

Explain your answer.

Problem Solving

38. Number Sense Give a number that rounds to 200

when it is rounded to the nearest hundred.

39. Writing to Explain Describe the steps you would

follow to round 439 to the nearest ten.

40. Number Sense If you are rounding to the nearest 293 steps

hundred, what is the greatest number that rounds to

600? What is the least number that rounds to 600?

41. Number Sense A 3-digit number has the digits 2, 5,

and 7. To the nearest hundred, it rounds to 800. What
is the number?

42. To the nearest hundred dollars, a computer game costs

$100. Which could NOT be the actual cost of the game?
A $89 C $95
B $91 D $150

43. What is the standard form of 700 ⫹ 40?

A 740 C 470
B 704 D 407

44. There are 293 steps to the top of the Leaning Tower of
Pisa in Italy. To the nearest hundred, about how many
steps are there?

28

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 Greater, Less, or Equal
Remember that the two sides of a number
Example: 6  2
81
Is 6  2 more than 8  1?
sentence can be equal or unequal. A symbol
, ,
or  tells how the sides compare. Estimation or Since 6  2  8, 8 is already
reasoning can help you tell if one side is greater. less than 8  1. Write “ .”
62  81


 
is greater than is less than is equal to

Copy and complete. Replace the circle with
, , or .

Check your answers.
1. 3  4
27 2. 9  1
54 3. 5  3
63
4. 2  9
1  8 5. 4  6
4  7 6. 8  6
9  5

7. 18  2
16  4 8. 15  5
10  8 9. 14  4
12  4

10. 17  3
20  1 11. 21  2
19  2 12. 27  3
26  4

For 13 and 14, copy and complete each number sentence. Use it
to help solve the problem.
13. Al and Jiro had some toy animals. 14. Look at the number of blocks that
Al had 8 lizards and 3 frogs. Jiro had come in a set below. Val used all of
11 lizards and 2 frogs. Who had more the small and large cylinders. Jen
toy animals? used all of the small and large cubes.
Al’s toys Jiro’s toys Who used more blocks?

■■
■■
6 8 9 9
Val Jen
15. Write a Problem Write a problem
using this number sentence: ■■
■■
9  2
4  5.

Lesson 2-2 29

27289_029-029_001 29 11/2/06 5:58:14 PM

 Lesson

2-3 Rounding 4-Digit Numbers

How can you round
four-digit numbers? Tickets Sold
NS 1.4 Round off The table shows ticket sales for
numbers to 10,000 to the Game Number
nearest ten, hundred, and two sports games. To the nearest
thousand. Baseball 2,379
thousand, about how many tickets
Football 2,653
were sold for the baseball game?
Round 2,379 to the nearest thousand to find out.

Guided Practice*
Do you know HOW? Do you UNDERSTAND?
Round to the nearest hundred. 10. How does the halfway number
on the number line help you
1. 4,569 2. 2,310 3. 9,992
round 2,379?
Round to the nearest thousand.
11. Writing to Explain Describe
4. 4,737 5. 8,333 6. 4,099 how to round 2,379 to the
nearest hundred.
7. 3,914 8. 1,111 9. 6,274
12. In the example above, about
how many tickets were sold for
the football game, to the nearest
hundred? to the nearest thousand?

Independent Practice
For 13–22, round to the nearest hundred.
13. 3,708 14. 5,542 15. 7,356 16. 8,929 17. 6,991

18. 4,008 19. 7,890 20. 6,555 21. 3,945 22. 9,961

For 23–32, round to the nearest thousand.

23. 2,774 24. 3,870 25. 5,077 26. 7,299 27. 8,603

28. 6,905 29. 8,500 30. 4,099 31. 2,495 32. 9,573

30 *For another example, see Set C on page 37.

27289_030-031_001 30 11/2/06 5:58:24 PM

 One Way Another Way
You can use a number line to round. You can use place value to round.
• Find the digit in the rounding place. thousands
halfway number
place
• If the next digit to the right is 5 or
greater, increase the digit in the
2,379
rounding place by 1. If the next
digit is less than 5, keep the digit
2,379
2,000 2,200 2,400 2,600 2,800 3,000
in the rounding place as it is.
2,379 is closer to 2,000 than to 3,000. • Change all the digits to the right 2,000
2,379 rounds to 2,000. of the rounding place to zero.
Since 3 ⬍ 5,
About 2,000 tickets were sold for So, 2,379 rounds to 2,000. the thousands
the baseball game. place is not
About 2,000 tickets were changed.
sold for the baseball game.

Problem Solving

In 33–36, write a number that rounds

to the number given. Use all four of the
digits at the right once in each answer. '
33. 4,000 34. 6,000 )
35. 5,500 36. 5,400
.
37. The Golden Gate Bridge is 4,200 feet *
long. What is 4,200 rounded to the
nearest thousand?

38. Writing to Explain Describe the 39. Number Sense Write a number
steps you would follow to round that rounds to 7,000 when it is
3,647 to the nearest hundred. rounded to the nearest thousand.

40. In 1 hour, an adult’s heart beats 41. Which number rounds to

about 4,320 times. 5,000 when it is rounded to
a To the nearest thousand, about the nearest thousand or to the
how many times does an adult’s nearest hundred?
heart beat in one hour? A 4,895
b To the nearest hundred, about B 5,029
how many times does an adult’s C 5,170
heart beat in one hour?
D 5,956

Lesson 2-3 31

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 Lesson Problem Solving

2-4 Try, Check, and Revise

Tad, Holly, and Shana made 36 posters
all together. Shana made 3 more
MR 2.0 Use strategies,
skills, and concepts in posters than Holly. Tad 36 posters in all
finding solutions.
Also MR 2.6 Make
and Holly made the
precise calculations and same number of posters. Tad: ? Holly: ? Shana: ?
check the validity of the
results from the context How many posters did
of the problem.
Also NS 2.1 Find Shana make? Same 3 more
the sum or difference amount than Holly
of two whole numbers
between 0 and 10,000.

Guided Practice*
Do you know HOW? Do you UNDERSTAND?
1. Peg and Pat are sharing 64 crayons. 2. Look at the diagram for Problem 1.
Pat has 10 more crayons than Peg. Why aren’t Peg’s part and Pat’s part
How many crayons does each of the rectangle the same size?
girl have?
3. Write a Problem Write a problem
64 crayons
that can be solved by using
Peg: ? Pat: ? reasoning to make good tries.

10 more than Peg

Independent Practice
4. All together, Rod has 38 crayons,
markers, and pencils. He has 5 more
crayons than markers. He has the
same number of markers and pencils.
How many markers does he have?
• What do I know?
38 in all • What am I asked to find?
• What diagram can I use to help
crayons: ? markers: ? pencils: ? understand the problem?
• Can I use addition, subtraction,
5 more Same multiplication, or division?
than markers number • Is all of my work correct?
• Did I answer the right question?
• Is my answer reasonable?

32 *For another example, see Set D on page 37.

27289_032-033_001 32 12/15/06 12:01:35 AM

 Plan Solve
Use reasoning to make good tries. Revise, using what you know.
Then check.

Try: 10 ⫹ 10 ⫹ 13 ⫽ 33 Try: 11 ⫹ 11 ⫹ 14 ⫽ 36
Check: 33 ⬍ 36 Check: 36 ⫽ 36
Too low, I need 3 more. This is correct.

Try: 12 ⫹ 12 ⫹ 15 ⫽ 39 Shana made 14 posters.

Check: 39 ⬎ 36
Too high, I need 3 less.

26
Use the pictures at the right for 5 and 6. carnations

5. The clerk at the flower store puts all

the roses into two vases. One vase
has 2 more roses than the other
vase. How many roses are in 36
roses
each vase? 42
irises
36 roses

? ?
6. Edna, Jay, and Bob bought all of the
carnations in the flower store. Edna
bought 2 more than Jay. Bob and
2 more
Jay bought the same number. How
many carnations did Edna buy?

7. Mr. Tyler bought one iris for $1.25 8. Cam bought an iris for $1.25.
and 3 roses for $3 each. How much He paid with 6 coins. What coins
did Mr. Tyler spend for the roses? did he use?

9. Jared is thinking of two numbers. 10. Hanna read that there are 22 types
They have a sum of 12 and a of crocodiles and alligators in all.
difference of 6. What are the There are 6 more types of crocodiles
two numbers? than alligators. How many types
A 11 and 1 of crocodiles are there? How many
types of alligators are there?
B 10 and 2
C 9 and 3
D 8 and 4

Lesson 2-4 33

27289_032-033_33 33 11/9/07 12:15:41 PM

 1. What number is halfway between 4. The Nile River in Africa is the world’s
1,000 and 2,000? (2-1) longest river. It is 4,160 miles long.
What is 4,160 to the nearest
1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 hundred? (2-3)
A 500 A 4,000
B 1,050 B 4,100
C 1,500 C 4,200
D 1,600 D 5,000

2. To the nearest ten pounds, Riley 5. Interstate 40 runs from Barstow,

weighs 90 pounds. Which could be California, to Wilmington, North
her weight? (2-2) Carolina. It is 2,554 miles long.
What is 2,554 to the nearest
A 84
thousand? (2-3)
B 86
C 95 2,000 2,500 3,000

D 98
Halfway
Number
3. Each of the 26 students in Carrie’s
class chose either drums or horns to A 2,000
play during music. If 4 more students B 2,500
chose drums than horns, how many
chose each? (2-4) C 2,600

A 16 chose drums and D 3,000

10 chose horns
6. Zoe saw a 268 pound ostrich at the
B 15 chose drums and zoo. What is 268 rounded to the
11 chose horns nearest ten? (2-2)
C 14 chose drums and A 200
12 chose horns
B 260
D 14 chose drums and
C 270
10 chose horns
D 300

34

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 7. Mr. Kipper’s class collected $453 for 11. The trees below are found in
the local animal shelter. What is Sequoia and Kings Canyon
$453 to the nearest hundred? (2-2) National Parks. (2-2)
A $500 Name of Tree Height (in ft)
B $460 General Grant 268
C $450 General Sherman 274

D $400 Lincoln 255

Boole 269
8. The number 950 is halfway between
which pair of numbers? (2-1) Which tree is 260 feet tall to the
A 900 and 1,000 nearest ten?
B 900 and 910 A General Grant
C 940 and 950 B General Sherman
D 800 and 900 C Lincoln
D Boole
9. Deception Island in Antarctica is still
considered an active volcano. It is 12. Callahan Tunnel is an underwater
1,890 feet tall. What is 1,890 to the tunnel for cars and trucks in Boston,
nearest thousand? (2-3) Massachusetts. The tunnel is 5,070
A 1,000 feet long. What is 5,070 to the
nearest thousand? (2-3)
B 1,800
A 6,000
C 1,900
B 5,200
D 2,000
C 5,100
10. Party favors come in packages
D 5,000
of 10, 20, or 25. Cristina bought
50 favors in 3 packages. Which 13. What is 7,248 to the nearest ten? (2-3)
sizes of packages could she have
bought? (2-4) A 7,000

A 20, 10, and 10 B 7,200

B 20, 20, and 10 C 7,240

C 25 and 25 D 7,250

D 25 and 20

Topic 2 Test Prep 35

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 Set A, pages 24–25

What is the number halfway between Remember to check that your

800 and 900? number is the same distance from
the beginning number and the
Use a number line.
ending number on a number line.
Find the number that is the same distance Find the number halfway between
from the beginning number and the each pair of numbers.
ending number.
1. 60 and 70
halfway number

60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900
2. 2,000 and 3,000
equal distances
2,000 2,200 2,400 2,600 2,800 3,000
The number that is halfway between
800 and 900 is 850. 3. 900 and 1,000

4. 3,300 and 3,400

5. 860 and 870

Set B, pages 26–28

Round 867 to the nearest hundred. Remember to think of the halfway

halfway number
number when rounding.
867
Round to the nearest ten.
800 850 900 1. 65 2. 813 3. 489
On the number line, 867 is closer to 4. 24 5. 78 6. 942
900 than to 800.
Round to the nearest hundred.
You can also use place value. 7. 229 8. 349 9. 651
hundreds place 10. 856 11. 109 12. 783
Since 6 ⬎ 5, increase the
867
digit in the hundreds place
by one. Then change all the
900 digits to the right to zero.

To the nearest hundred, 867 rounds to 900.

36

27289_036-037_36 36 9/4/07 4:50:49 PM

 Set C, pages 30–31

Round 2,613 to the nearest thousand. Remember to compare the correct

digit to 5 to find if the digit in the
You can use place value.
rounding place should change.
• Find the digit in the rounding place. thousands Round to the nearest thousand.
That digit is 2. place
• If the next digit to the right is 5 or 1. 3,817 2. 6,495 3. 8,562
greater, increase the digit in the 2,613 4. 1,709 5. 2,500 6. 7,248
rounding place by 1. If the next digit
is less than 5, keep the digit in the
rounding place as it is. Since 6 ⬎ 5, 3,000 7. 5,692 8. 3,178 9. 9,714
increase the 2 to 3.
Round to the nearest hundred.
• Change all the digits to the right of
the rounding place to zero. 10. 2,136 11. 5,624 12. 4,449
To the nearest thousand, 13. 7,751 14. 6,275 15. 8,941
2,613 rounds to 3,000.
16. 4,307 17. 9,768 18. 3,549

Set D, pages 32–33

Follow these steps for using Try, Check, and Remember to check each try.
Revise to solve problems. Use Try, Check, and Revise to solve.
Step 1 Step 2 1. Mark and Tony have 32 markers.
Think to make a Check using information Mark has 2 more markers than
reasonable first try. from the problem. Tony. How many markers does
each boy have?

Step 3 Step 4 2. There are 28 players in the

soccer club. There are 4 more
Revise. Use your first Continue trying and girls than boys. How many
try to make a reasonable checking until you
second try. Check. find the correct answer.
boys are in the soccer club?
3. Jason and Dave have
45 baseball cards together.
Jason collected 7 fewer cards
than Dave. How many baseball
cards does Dave have?

Topic 2 Reteaching 37

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