W. G.

, HAWLEY,
GEAR PUMP,
APPLICATION FILED APR, 8, 1914.
Patented Feb. 23, 1915,
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 W. G. HAWLEY.
GEAR PUMP,
APPLICATION FILED APR. 8, 1914,
1,129,090. Patented Feb. 23, 1915,
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 W. G. HAWLEY,
GEAR PUMP,
APPLICATION FILED APR, 8, 1914.
Patented Feb. 23, 1915.
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 W. G. HAWLEY.
GEAR PUMP,
APPLICATION FILED APR, 8, 1914.
1,29,090, Patented Feb. 23, 1915.
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 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM G. HAWLEY, OF ELIVIRA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, TO AMERICAN AFRANCE
FIRE ENGINE COMPANY, INC., OF ELVIIRA, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW
YORK,
GEAR-PUWP.

1,129,090. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

Application filed April 8, 1914. Serial No. 830,475.
To all whom it may concern: side in the form of the interdental spaces in 55
Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. HAWLEY, relation to the formation of the housing
a citizen of the United States, and resident Walls adjacent the plane of the axes of ro
of Elmira, county of Chemung, and State tation.
of New York, have invented certain new Other and further objects will appear in
and useful Improvements in Gear-Pumps, the specification and be specifically pointed 60
of which the following is a full and clear out in the appended claims, reference being
specification. had to the accompanying drawings, in
This invention relates to rotary pumps in which
O which coöperating elements are provided Figure 1 is a side elevation of the pre
with intermeshing portions. More espec ferred embodiment of my invention, one 65
ially, the present invention is concerned with cover of the housing being removed to show
pumps of this character in which the con the interior; Fig. 2 is a similar side eleva
tours of the intermeshing portions conform tion with the pumping gears removed; Fig.
5 more or less closely with gear teeth of con 8 is an end elevation of the same; Fig. 4 is
ventional outline. a section on the line IV-IV, Fig.1; Fig. 5 70
The primary object of the invention is to is an axial section of one of the gears re
provide an improved construction, combina moved; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary side eleva
tion and arrangement of parts in and around tion of the gears on an enlarged scale show
20 the suction and pressure chambers of rotary ing the relative positions of said gears at
pumps having intermeshing portions for the instant the interdental space is closed 75
the purpose of overcoming certain inherent from above; Fig. 7 is a similar fragmentary
difficulties usually met with in gear pumps. side elevation showing side gears with the in
Thus when two gears are intermeshing, each terdental space reduced to aminimum invol
25 driving tooth as it contacts with a driven ume and still in open communication with
tooth forms a space between the line of con the pressure chamber; Fig. 8 is a similar 80
tact and the line of contact existing between view showing the interdental space closed to
the preceding teeth, the only openings to the pressure chamber as well as the suction
this space being those at the ends of the chamber; Fig. 9 is a similar view showing
30 teeth on the flat sides of the gears. As this the interdental space opening into the suc
space approaches the surface which is com tion chamber. 85
mon to the axes of rotation of the gears, its Referring more particularly to the draw
volume is gradually reduced to a minimum ings and to the embodimeat shown therein,
at the plane of axes. During the operation the pump housing is provided with an inlet
35 of the pump water is confined in each of opening 1 at each end thereof, which
these spaces and if, for any reason, there are branches to communicate with channels 2 on 90
not ample outlets for releasing the fluid, the either side which lead to a suction chamber
volume of each space tends to decrease more 8 as pointed out in my copending applica
rapidly than the outflow thereform will per tion, Serial Number 830,476, of even date.
40 mit. In consequence there results a consid The suction chamber 3 as well as a pressure
erable power loss to overcome which consti chamber 4 extends throughout the width of
tutes the main object of the present inven the pump housing, being of greater extent
tion. Thus I provide a construction accord than the width of the rotary pumping ele
ments 5 and 6. The intermeshing portions
ing to which the interdental space between
45 the contact points of two successive pairs of of said pumping elements are preferably
teeth remains in open communication, with constructed as gear teeth 7 of conventional 100
the pressure chamber until the volume of form, such as will adapt one of said gears to
such space is substantially reduced to a min drive the other. In the present instance,
imum, said space being opened up to the the gear 6 drives the gear 5, power being
50 suction chamber prior to any appreciable in applied to gear 6 in any suitable manner.
crease in volume on that side so as to break As pointed out in the above mentioned co 05
the vacuum which would otherwise occasion pending application, each of the opposite
a drag on the pumping elements. lateral walls of the housing is provided with
Certain collateral objects of invention re surfaces 8 and 9 which substantially contact
 se 1,129,090
with the lateral faces of the gears 6 and 5,
each of said walls terminating in a vertical portion of which is considerably above said
edge 10 above the plane which is common to backlash spaceportions
plane. These
28. As
are connected by the
shown in Fig. 6, the
the axes of rotation of said gears. The wall line of contact 25 is above the upper edge of
portions 8 and 9 on either side have a part the portion 12 of the bridge.
in common, namely, the bridge 11 which em it will be seen that the edge 14 ofFurthermore,said bridge 70
bodies a portion 12 projecting into the pres substantially central with respect to the
sure chamber on the driverside and a por isportion 26 of the interdental space, thus
tion 13 projecting into the suction chamber
O 3 on the side of driven gear 5. From an leaving ample outlet for the entrapped fluid
to be expelled from said interdental space 75
inspection of Fig. 2, it will be seen that the during
bridge 11 is provided with an edge 14 sub Space istheapproaching period of time during which said
stantially in the plane of the axes. : Prefer with respect to the planeitsof centralaxes and
position
during
ably this edge is disposed slightly below
5 plane for the purpose to be hereinafter ex
said which said space is gradually decreasing in
volume. Thus, as shown in Fig.
plained. Similarly said bridge is provided time the volume of said space is reduced to 80 7, by the
on the suction side with an edge 15 which is a minimum there yet remains a slight open
somewhat removed from the plane of axes. ing into the pressure chamber from said
Above the pressure chamber 4, the housing
20 is provided with a gallery 16 having dis space. In consequence of the fluid being
charge outlets 17 at either end. As pointed thus released as the space grows smaller, 85
out in the above mentioned copending appli tendingwilltobestall
there no appreciable choking effects
the pump. As the inter
cation, the side walls of the housing are pro dental space travels downwardly, it will in
vided with stiffening webs 18 which extend
25 from top to bottom between a plurality of crease in volume toward the suction chamber
and if in this event there were no opening 90
Sockets 19 within which are seated the trans provided
verse bolts 20 which pass therethrough, said for at a relatively early stage of
bolts being also passed through correspond this movement, a partial vacuum would be
ing holes in the central part of the housing. created in such interdental space which
30 As shown best in Fig. 5, each of the pump Would act as a drag on the pumping ele
ing gears is preferably constructed with ments. seen from
To break this vacuum it will be 95
Fig. 9 that the edge 15 of the
chambers. 21 within its hub and having bridge 11 extends
Spaced bearing portions 22 by means of the lower tooth, soabove the upper surface of
which it is secured to the shaft which carries tion chamber 3 is admittedfluid
35 it.
that
to
from the suc
the interdental
Extending laterally from each side of Space, said fluid serving to break the
the central plane of the gear are grooves 23 as the volume of the space increases. vacuum At the
00
which deeper outwardly to provide ready same time, the lower edge of the portion 13
outlets from the interdental spaces to be of the bridge 11 has permitted the portion
hereinafter referred to. It will be under
40 stood in this connection that in pumps of 26 of Said space to communicate with the
this description, the face of the tooth is Suction struction,
chamber 3. By means of this con 05
I have obtained a very high de
comparatively broad in comparison to the gree of efficiency
diameter of the gear for the purpose of en engine pumps. in connection with fire
larging the capacity of the spaces between The operation and advantages of my im
45 adjacent teeth. Furthermore, it is desirable
to have as 'small a number of teeth in each ing proved pump are obvious from the forego 0
description.
gear as is consistent with smooth running I claim:
and efficiency in power transmission. I have 1. In a pump, rotary pumping elements
ascertained by experiment that a pair of
50 gears of this character in which each is pro having intermeshing portions, a housing for
vided with eight teeth produce the best Said and
pumping elements providing suction 15
pressure chambers of greater lateral ex
results in connection with the features of tent than said pumping elements, and a
my invention now to be described. . . . bridge interposed between said chambers
Referring more especially to. Figs. 6 to 9
55 inclusive, 6 being the driving gear and 5 the and slidably abutting the end faces of said
intermeshing portions, the portion of said 20
driven gear, said gears will be in contact
along the line indicated by 24 in Fig. 6. of one ofbridge which bears on the meshing portions
Also the pair of teeth next above are just ed farthersaid rotary elements being extend
into one of said chambers than
coming in contact at 25. Owing to backlash
60 which is invariably present in gears in prac the portion which bears against the meshing
tical operation, the lines 24 and 25 will de portions 2. In a
of the other rotary element.
pump, rotary pumping elements
25
termine the lower and upper elements re having intermeshing portions, a housing for
spectively of an interdental space, the lower Said pumping elements providing suction
portion 26 of which is approximately bi
65 sected by the piane of axes and the linoe" and pressure chambers of greater lateral ex
tent than said pumping elements, and a 30
 1129,090 8

the contour of Said wall corresponding to

bridge interposed between said chambers and the
slidably abutting the end faces of said in tweenlinetwodescribed by a point of contact be
contacting teeth of said gears.
termeshing portions, said bridge being pro 8. In a gear pump, a pair of intermeshing
vided with portions contiguous to said ro
5 tary elements respectively, one of said por gears ments,
which constitute the pumping ele 70
a housing for said gears provided
tions being extended farther into said suc
tion chamber than the other. with suction and pressure chambers with
8. In a pump, rotary pumping elements which the interdental spaces of said gears
having intermeshing portions, a housing for are adapted to communicate through the 75
10 said pumping elements providing suction ends of said spaces, a wall in said pressure
and pressure chambers of greater lateral ex chamber which closes the ends of said spaces
tent than Said pumping elements, and a in one of said gears as they approach the
line of centers, said pressure chamber being
bridge interposed between said chambers and open to the interdental spaces of the other
slidably abutting the end faces of said in gear adjacent to said line of centers, and a 80
5 termeshing portions, the portion of said
bridge which bears on the meshing portions said wall in said suction chamber which closes
of one of said rotary elements being extend fromspaces in the other gear as they recede
ed farther into said pressure chamber than walls the line of centers, the contour of said
corresponding in general outline to
does the portion of said bridge which bears
20 against the meshing portions of the other the line described by a point of contact be
85
of said rotary elements. tween two contacting teeth of said gears.
4. In a pump, rotary pumping eleinents 9. In a gear pump, a pair of intermesh
having intermeshing portions, and a housing ing gears which constitute pumping elements,
for said pumping elements providing suc apressure housing for said gears having suction and 90
chambers with which the inter
25 tion and pressure chambers on opposite
sides of the line of centers of said rotary dental spaces of said gears are adapted to
elements, one of said chambers being of communicate through the ends of said
spaces, and a wall in said suction chamber
greater lateral extent than said rotary ele which covers the ends of said spaces in one
ments, the edge of said chamber on the side
30 next the line of centers being constructed to of said gears as they recede from the line of
95
diverge from the line of centers toward one centers, the contour of said wall approxi
mately conforming in general outline with
of said pumping elements. .
5. In a pump, rotary pumping elements the locus of the points of contact between
having intermeshing portions, and a hous said10.gears. In a gear pump, intermeshing gears 100
35 ing for said pumping elements providing
constituting
suction and pressure chambers on opposite ing therefor provided the pumping elements, a hous
sides of the line of centers of said rotary sure chambers, of greater"width with suction and pres
elements, one of said chambers being of than said
greater lateral extent than said rotary ele gears, and a bridge interposed between said 05
40 ments, the edge of said chamber extending chambers and having a wall slidably abut
along the line of centers adjacent one of said ting said
said gears adjacent the line of centers,
bridge forming an edge of the pressure
pumping elements and diverging from ad chamber adjacent the line of centers on one
jacent the other of said rotary elements. . side of the line of thrust and extending
6. In a gear pump, a pair of intermeshing llo
45 gears which constitute the pumping ele away from said line of centers on the op
posite side of the thrust
ments, a housing for said gears, provided 11. In a gear pump, intermeshing gearsline,
with suction and pressure chambers with constituting the pumping elements, a hous
which the interdental spaces of said gears ing therefor provided with suction and pres
are adapted to communicate, said pressure
50 chamber being provided with spaces which sure chambers of greater width than said 15
communicate with said interdental spaces at gears, and a bridge interposed between said
points nearer to the line of centers adjacent chambers and having a wall slidably abut
to 7.oneInofa said ing said gears adjacent the line of centers,
geargears
pump,than the ofother.
a pair intermeshing said bridge forming an edge of the pressure 20
55 gears which constitute the pumping ele chamber adjacent the line of centers on one .
ments, a housing for said gears, provided side of the line of thrust and extending
with suction and pressure chambers with away from said line of centers on the oppo
which the interdental spaces of said gears site side of the thrust line, said bridge form
are adapted to communicate through the ing an edge to the suction chamber which
60 ends of said spaces, and a wall in said pres extends adjacent to the line of centers on 125
sure chamber which closes the ends of said said opposite side of the line of thrust away
spaces in one of said gears as they approach from the line of centers on the first said side.
the line of centers, said pressure chamber 12. In a gear pump, driving and driven
being open to the interdental spaces of the gears constituting the pumping elements, a 130
65 other gear adjacent to said line of centers, housing therefor provided with suction and
 6. i.,129,090
pressure chambers of greater width than pressure chambers of greater width than
said gears, and a bridge interposed between said
said chambers between the axes of rotation said gears, and a bridge interposed between
chambers between the axes of rotation 30
of said gears, said bridge having a portion of said gears, said
extending into the pressure chamber ad extending adjacent bridge having a portion
jacent to the driving gear and a portion ex a portion extending into the suctiongearcham
to the driving and
tending into the suction chamber adjacent ber adjacent to the driven gear, each of said
to the driven gear.
13. In a gear pump, driving and driven 15. being
O gears constituting the pumping
gears
In a
provided with eight teeth.
gear pump, driving and driven
35
elements, a gears intermeshing to constitute pumping
housing therefor provided with suction and elements, a housing for said gears provided
pressure chambers of greater width than with suction and pressure chambers of
said gears, and a bridge interposed between greater width than said gears, bearing AO
said chambers between the axes of rotation
5 of said gears, said bridge having a portion bosses projecting from the lateral walls of
extending into the pressure chamber ad said said housing, said gears being journaled in
jacent to the driving gear and a portion ex the bottombosses slidably contacting therewith,
tending into the suction chamber adjacent being walls of the interdental spaces
provided with grooves deepening 45
20 to the driven gear, said gears being rela toward the lateral faces of the gears, the
tively broad faced compared to their diam bottom walls of said grooves terminating
eter and the bottom walls of the interdental
spaces being provided with grooves extend said approximately flush with the outer walls of
ing from the center of the gear toward the bearing bosses.
25 lateral faces of said gears. WILLIAM G. HAWLEY.
14. In a gear pump, driving and driven Witnesses:
gears constituting the pumping elements, a G. J. NAGEL,
housing therefor provided with suction and K. J. WILLIAMs.