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VCM

1. Ethylene and chlorine are mixed and fed into a reactor where ethylene is converted to dichloroethane. 2. The dichloroethane is fed into a second reactor where it undergoes pyrolysis to produce vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and hydrogen chloride. 3. The product stream is purified using two distillation columns to separate out HCl in the first column and further purify VCM in the second column.

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40 views

VCM

1. Ethylene and chlorine are mixed and fed into a reactor where ethylene is converted to dichloroethane. 2. The dichloroethane is fed into a second reactor where it undergoes pyrolysis to produce vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and hydrogen chloride. 3. The product stream is purified using two distillation columns to separate out HCl in the first column and further purify VCM in the second column.

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Learners Dotcom
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© © All Rights Reserved
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VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER (VCM) PRODUCTION UNIT

(VCM production technology reported in a book by Seider et al. (1998))

Pure ethylene, stored as a gas at 70 °F and 1000 psia, with a flow rate of 20 tons/hr, and pure chlorine,
stored as a liquid at 70 °F and 150 psia, with a flow rate of 50 tons/hr enter the mixer operated at 2 atm. The
mixer outlet then goes to the reactor operating at 363 K and 1 atm. In this stoichiometric reactor, the
following chlorination reaction occurs with 98% conversion of ethylene to 1, 2-dichloroethane:
C2H4 + Cl2 = C2H4Cl2
ethylene chlorine dichloroethane
In the next, mixer operated at 1.4 atm allows the mixing of the recycled stream from splitter with the reactor
product. The outlet stream of this mixer is then condensed fully to liquid phase in a condenser at 298 K
before being pumped to an evaporator. The pump has discharged the liquid at 26 atm. The evaporator
performs the phase change operation and then the vapor temperature is increased in the same unit to 515 K.
In the subsequent step, outlet stream of evaporator is introduced in the second reactor (RStoic) in which the
following pyrolysis reaction occurs:
C2H4Cl2 = C2H3Cl + HCI
dichloroethane VCM hydrogen chloride
The dichloroethane is converted to VCM and it takes place spontaneously at 773 K and 25 atm with 65%
conversion. To reduce carbon deposition in the heat exchanger, the hot vapor stream leaving the reactor is
quenched in a quencher yielding a saturated vapor stream at 443 K. Quencher effluent stream is condensed
to liquid phase in a heat exchanger at 279 K and then fed to a DSTWU column. In the next, bottom stream
of 1st column is introduced in another DSTWU column. The first column mainly separates HCl from other
components, while the second column purifies VCM from the rests. Both the distillation columns have 10
theoretical stages (including condenser and reboiler) and a total condenser along with the specifications,
shown in the following Table.
% Recovery of LK/HK in distillate Pressure (atm)
Block Light key (LK) Heavy key (HK) Condenser Reboiler
1st column 99.9% of HCI 0.1% of VCM 20 22
2nd column 99.9% of VCM 0.1% of dichloroethane 7.5 8
Finally, a Splitter splits bottom stream of second column to ensure the recycling of 99.999% of bottom as
recycle stream to second mixer. A purge stream is introduced to prevent accumulation of unreacted
components. Using the POLYSRK property method, simulate the complete plant to compute the
composition of all streams.

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