HPLC Columns for Carbohydrates

Product Specification

Within the different classes of sugars, chemical and physical SUPELCOGEL Column Characteristics
properties vary only slightly. HPLC separations of carbohydrates Particles: sulfonated polystyrene/divinyl benzene,
depend on differences in conformation, configuration, and col- spherical, 9µm
Counter Ion: varies (see Table 1)
umn type. Because of this complexity, no single HPLC column or pH Range: 1 - 13
method is capable of separating every carbohydrate. We offer Organic Compatibility: <10% in mobile phase
Maximum Temperature: varies (see Table 1)
eight SUPELCOSILTM and SUPELCOGELTM columns for separating Maximum Flow Rate: 1.5mL/min (7.8mm ID columns)
mono-, di-, tri-, and oligosaccharides. To choose the best 0.4mL/min (4.6mm ID columns)
column for your carbohydrate analysis, consult Table 1 (below), Maximum Pressure: 1000psi (70 bar)

the Retention Time Index (next page), and the Applications

section of our catalog. For more information, request Bulletin 887 SUPELCOSIL LC-NH2 Column Characteristics
(HPLC Carbohydrate Column Selection Guide).
Particles: spherical silica, 5µm
SUPELCOGEL K columns are useful for separating raffinose, Bonded Phase: aminopropylsilyl
pH Range: 2 - 7.5
sucrose, glucose, fructose, and betaine, a trimethylammonium Organic Compatibility: no limits (avoid aldehydes and ketones)
zwitterionic compound found in beet and cane sugars and Maximum Flow Rate: 2mL/min (4.6mm ID columns)
Maximum Pressure: 6000psi (420 bar)
widely distributed in other plants.
The lead-form resin in SUPELCOGEL Pb columns provides the SUPELCOGEL C-611 columns contain a unique ion exchange
highest resolution and best selectivity for monosaccharides, resin containing two divalent cations, rather than one. This
including excellent separation of xylose, galactose, and mannose. provides different selectivities for separating monosaccharides
SUPELCOGEL Ca columns provide excellent separations of and sugar alcohols. Di-,tri-, and oligosaccharides are separated
monosaccharides and sugar alcohols. Di-, tri-, and oligosaccha- by class. Galactose and mannose are well separated.
rides are separated by class. This column often is used to separate SUPELCOGEL Ag columns provide rapid oligosaccharide
sugars in high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). separations.Glycerol and ethanol are well resolved.
SUPELCOGEL C-610H and H columns are ideal for separating Silica-based SUPELCOSIL LC-NH2 columns separate monosac-
carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids present in the same charides, disaccharides, and some trisaccharides. Sugar reten-
sample: fermentation products, fruit juices, etc. tion decreases as the proportion of water : acetonitrile in the
mobile phase is increased. Sugars generally will be eluted in order
of increasing molecular weight.

Table 1. Carbohydrate Column Applications and Mobile Phases

Column Application Form Typical Mobile Phase Max. Temp. (°C)
SUPELCOGEL K beet sugar, cane sugar, molasses, corn syrup potassium 10mM K2HPO4 90
SUPELCOGEL Pb monosaccharides, xylose/galactose/mannose lead deionized water 90
SUPELCOGEL Ca high fructose corn syrup, monosaccharides, calcium deionized water 90
sugar alcohols, oligosaccharides
SUPELCOGEL C-610H organic acids hydrogen 0.1% H2SO4 or H3PO4 60
SUPELCOGEL H organic acids hydrogen 0.1% H2SO4 or H3PO4 90
SUPELCOGEL C-611 mono-, di-, and trisaccharides, mixed cations 10-4 N NaOH 85
galactose/mannose (Ca++, Mg++)
SUPELCOGEL Ag oligosaccharides, glycerol/ethanol, silver deionized water 90
beer, corn syrup, hydrolyzed starch
SUPELCOSIL LC-NH2 mono-, di-, and trisaccharides aminopropyl silica 75% CH3CN in water 70

SUPELCOGEL and SUPELCOSIL Carbohydrate Columns and Guard Columns

Length ID SupelguardTM
Column (cm) (mm) Cat. No. Guard Column Cat. No.
SUPELCOGEL K 30 7.8 59342 K* 59344
SUPELCOGEL Pb 30 7.8 59343 Pb* 59345
SUPELCOGEL Ca 30 7.8 59305-U Ca* 59306-U
SUPELCOGEL C-610H 30 7.8 59320-U H* 59319
SUPELCOGEL H 30 7.8 59304-U H* 59319
SUPELCOGEL H 25 4.6 59346 H* 59319
SUPELCOGEL C-611 30 7.8 59310-U Ca* 59306-U
SUPELCOGEL Ag 30 7.8 59315 Ag* 59316
SUPELCOSIL LC-NH2 25 4.6 58338 LC-NH2** 59558 (kit - column + holder)
59568 (pk. of 2 columns)
*5cm x 4.6mm ID column. **2cm x 4.6mm ID column.

T494137B ©1997 Sigma-Aldrich Co.

 Table 2. Retention Time Index for Carbohydrate Columns
(For optimal separations, allow at least 1 minute between compounds.)
_______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________
SUPELCOGEL Columns SUPELCOSIL
Ca C-610H H H Pb C-611 K Ag LC-NH2
Cat. No.: 59305-U 59320-U 59304-U 59346 59343 59310-U 59342 59315 58338
Dimensions (mm): 300 x 7.8 300 x 7.8 300 x 7.8 250 x 4.6 300 x 7.8 300 x 7.8 300 x 7.8 300 x 7.8 250 x 4.6
Temperature: 80°C 30°C 30°C 30°C 85°C 60°C 85°C 85°C ambient
Mobile Phase: DH2O 0.1% H3PO4 0.1% H3PO4 0.1% H3PO4 DH2O 10-4 N NaOH 15mM K2HPO4 DH2O ACN:DH2O (3:1)
Flow Rate (mL/min): 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.17 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0
Detection: refractive index

Compound Retention Times (min)

Arabinose 15.3 13.9 14.3 13.8 19.2 19.6 16.8 17.1 7.5
Arabitol 19.8 14.1 14.9 14.3 32.3 22.8 13.5 16.0 7.2
Betaine ND ND ND ND NR ND 13.0 ND ND
Dulcitol 22.3 13.4 14.2 13.7 43.4 25.7 12.9 15.9 9.0
Erythritol 17.7 15.0 15.6 14.8 24.5 20.2 14.0 16.1 5.9
Ethanol 19.4 25.6 ND ND ND 21.0 ND 18.4 NR
Fructose 14.9 13.1 13.3 12.9 20.8 20.7 15.2 16.0 8.3
Galactose 13.4 12.9 13.0 12.6 17.6 17.6 15.1 15.8 10.3
Glucose 12.0 12.1 11.9 11.7 14.9 15.8 14.0 14.6 9.8
Glycerol 18.7 16.8 17.6 16.6 23.8 20.9 15.2 17.1 NR
Inositol 14.9 12.6 12.7 12.4 24.5 20.1 15.7 17.4 ND
Isomaltose 9.6 10.3 ND ND ND 13.8 ND 11.6 19.4
Isomaltotriose 8.5 9.5 ND ND ND 12.6 ND 9.8 NR
Lactitol ND ND 11.1 11.0 26.5 ND 10.6 ND ND
Lactose 10.2 10.8 10.2 10.2 13.5 14.3 10.9 11.8 19.5
Maltitol 13.6 11.0 10.7 10.7 23.8 17.7 10.2 15.0 15.5
Maltoheptaose 7.5 8.8 7.6 7.9 9.2 11.6 7.2 7.3 NR
Maltohexaose 7.7 8.9 7.7 8.1 9.7 12.0 7.4 7.6 NR
Maltopentaose 7.9 9.1 7.9 8.2 10.5 12.6 7.8 8.1 NR
Maltose 9.8 10.5 9.9 9.9 13.0 14.2 10.7 11.5 17.4
Maltotetraose 8.3 9.3 8.2 8.5 11.2 13.2 8.4 8.8 NR
Maltotriose 8.8 9.7 8.8 9.0 12.0 13.6 9.2 9.8 31.0
Mannitol 19.2 13.2 13.7 13.2 32.5 22.1 12.6 15.2 9.2
Mannose 13.7 12.8 12.9 12.5 19.8 18.9 15.6 15.9 9.1
Melezitose 8.7 9.7 8.8 9.0 10.8 12.4 8.6 9.3 24.5
Psicose 22.5 13.4 14.5 13.9 36.5 32.9 15.5 17.2 6.6
Raffinose 8.7 9.7 8.7 8.9 11.2 12.6 8.7 9.6 29.7
Ribitol 16.7 13.7 14.2 13.6 25.1 19.5 13.1 15.3 ND
Ribose 24.3 14.2 15.8 15.0 40.7 34.6 17.7 19.1 6.0
Sorbitol 23.4 13.4 14.4 13.9 46.9 28.3 13.3 16.3 9.0
Stachyose 8.1 9.3 8.1 8.4 10.4 11.9 7.9 8.5 67.3
Sucrose 9.8 10.6 9.9 9.9 12.2 13.6 10.1 11.2 14.0
Xylitol 23.3 14.4 15.7 15.0 42.1 28.0 14.2 17.1 7.3
Xylose 13.2 12.8 12.8 12.6 16.1 17.2 15.3 15.6 6.8
NR - not recommended ND - no data available

Trademarks For resins used in processing sugars and foods refer to the low
SUPELCOGEL, SUPELCOSIL, Supelguard — Sigma-Aldrich Co. pressure LC media section of our catalog.
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