MODELS AM5XT AND AM5eXT

VOICE/DATA TRANSMISSION TEST SET

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
 MODELS AM5XT and AM5eXT
Voice/Data Transmission Test Set

Instruction Manual

October 17, 2000

Technical Data Subject to

Change without Notice

760 Arrow Grand Circle

Covina, CA 91722 USA
TEL 626.915.5441
FAX 626.915.7181
www.ameritec.com

For extra copies of this

manual, order Part
No. 18-0022 © 2000 Ameritec Corporation
 Record of Revisions
A January 1991 Change from Revision Date to Revision Letter & Date.
B September 5, Changes to Page 8-3 and 9-3
1995
C June 1992 Added Change -200 Option Addenda 18-0128 and 18-0129, Caution on
480062 cables, and Note on 135Ω Noise Measurements.
D July 1992 Added Record of Revision Page.
E July 1996 Corrections throughout manual.
F May 1997 Added Calibration Procedure Appendix
F1 May 21, 1999 Page 8-7, Section 8.06 third paragraph: changed Psophometric to C-
Message.
G October 17, 2000 Generated Electronic Copy and Reformatted Manual.

This manual was produced on a Power Macintosh using MS Word 6.0, Canvas 3.5 (pict),
Adobe Photoshop 3.0.5 (eps), Adobe Illustrator 6.0 (eps), and Macromedia Freehand 5.0
(eps).
AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Unpacking........................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 AM5XT/eXT Basic Units...................................................................................... 1-2
1.4 AM5eXT-200 (ce) .............................................................................................. 1-2

2. POWER CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Commercial Power ............................................................................................ 2-1
2.2 Optional Battery Pack......................................................................................... 2-1

3. PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION........................................................... 3-1

3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 General ........................................................................................................... 3-1
3.3 Front Panel Notes.............................................................................................. 3-2
3.4 Front Panel Components .................................................................................... 3-4
3.5 Rear Panel Components................................................................................... 3-11
3.6 Optional Equipment ......................................................................................... 3-15
3.7 AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer (Optional) ................................................................ 3-16
3.8 Accessories.................................................................................................... 3-23
3.9 Mask Feature (Optional) ................................................................................... 3-26

4. SELF-TEST AND OPERATION TECHNIQUES............................................................ 4-1

4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Self-Test Setup ................................................................................................. 4-1
4.3 Switch Setup .................................................................................................... 4-1
4.4 Quiet Send Mode .............................................................................................. 4-1
4.5 Send 1004 Hz................................................................................................... 4-2
4.6 Send PAR........................................................................................................ 4-2
4.7 Send Envelope Delay (ENV DLY) ......................................................................... 4-3
4.8 Send IMD ........................................................................................................ 4-3
4.9 Auto Calibrate (Up to version 7* only) .................................................................... 4-3
4.10 Calibration Check (Up to version 7* only).............................................................. 4-4

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4.11 Calibration (Version 8* and up) ........................................................................... 4-4
4.12 Parameter Set................................................................................................. 4-5
4.13 Data Displays.................................................................................................. 4-6

5. CONNECTION AND CONFIGURATION INSTRUCTIONS.............................................. 5-1

5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 General ........................................................................................................... 5-1
5.3 Connectors and Cables ...................................................................................... 5-2
5.4 Line Termination Impedances .............................................................................. 5-5
5.5 Configurations .................................................................................................. 5-5

6. LINE FUNCTIONS.................................................................................................. 6-1

6.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 General Line Function Notes................................................................................ 6-2
6.3 Generator Source Impedances............................................................................. 6-6
6.4 OFF HK (Send Pair Off-Hook/On-Hook) ................................................................. 6-6
6.5 Termination Impedances (Receive Pair)................................................................. 6-7
6.6 OFF HK (Receive Pair Off-Hook/On-Hook) ............................................................. 6-7
6.7 BRDG (Receive Pair Bridged/Terminated) .............................................................. 6-7
6.8 2W (2-Wire)...................................................................................................... 6-8
6.9 4W (4-Wire)...................................................................................................... 6-8
6.10 REV (Reversed) .............................................................................................. 6-8

7. SEND FUNCTIONS ................................................................................................ 7-1

7.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 7-1
7.2 Quiet............................................................................................................... 7-2
7.3 1004 Hz........................................................................................................... 7-3
7.4 VAR HZ (Variable Tone) ..................................................................................... 7-4
7.5 Slope .............................................................................................................. 7-4
7.6 Sweep............................................................................................................. 7-5
7.7 PAR (Peak-to-Average Ratio) .............................................................................. 7-7
7.8 RET LOSS (Return Loss).................................................................................... 7-7
7.9 ENV DLY (Envelope Delay) (AM5XT ONLY) ........................................................... 7-9
7.10 GROUP DLY (Group Delay) (AM5eXT ONLY) ..................................................... 7-12

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Table of Contents
7.11 IMD (Intermodulation Distortion) ....................................................................... 7-14
7.12 OPEN.......................................................................................................... 7-16
7.13 SF SKIP (Signaling Frequency Skip).................................................................. 7-16
7.14 TALK........................................................................................................... 7-16
7.15 LOOP BACK................................................................................................. 7-17

8. MEASURE FUNCTIONS ......................................................................................... 8-1

8.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 8-1
8.2 LVL/FREQ (Level/Frequency) .............................................................................. 8-2
8.3 General Noise Measurement Notes....................................................................... 8-6
8.4 NOISE (Idle Channel Noise) ................................................................................ 8-9
8.5 NOTCH NOISE (Noise-with-Tone) ........................................................................ 8-9
8.6 NTG (Noise-to-Ground) .................................................................................... 8-10
8.7 S/N (Signal-to-Noise Ratio)................................................................................ 8-11
8.8 PAR (Peak-to-Average Ratio) ............................................................................ 8-12
8.9 RET LOSS (Return Loss).................................................................................. 8-15
8.10 ENV DLY (Envelope Delay) (AM5XT ONLY) ....................................................... 8-17
8.11 GROUP DLY (Group Delay) (AM5eXT ONLY) ..................................................... 8-27
8.12 IMD (Intermodulation Distortion) ....................................................................... 8-32
8.13 PHASE JTR (Phase Jitter)............................................................................... 8-34
8.14 AMP JTR (Amplitude Jitter).............................................................................. 8-35
8.15 IMP NOISE (Impulse Noise without Tone)........................................................... 8-35
8.16 TRAN (Transients) ......................................................................................... 8-37
8.17 MICRO INTR (Micro-interruptions)..................................................................... 8-39

9. AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS ........................................................................................ 9-1

9.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 9-1
9.2 Filter for Narrow-Band Level/Frequency ................................................................. 9-2
9.3 Noise Weighting Filters....................................................................................... 9-3
9.4 QUASI PK (Quasi-Peak Detector Enable) (AM5eXT ONLY) ....................................... 9-4
9.5 Print Enable ..................................................................................................... 9-4
9.6 Jitter Bandwidth Select ....................................................................................... 9-6
9.7 START STOP (Timed Study Start/Stop) ................................................................. 9-6
9.8 60 Hz Filter ...................................................................................................... 9-7

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9.9 REL SET (Relative Measure Zero Set)................................................................... 9-7
9.10 DAMP (Display Update Select) ........................................................................... 9-9

10. DIALING........................................................................................................... 10-1

10.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 10-1
10.2 Manual Dialing .............................................................................................. 10-1
10.3 Storage of Dialed Number ............................................................................... 10-3
10.4 Automatic Speed Dialing ................................................................................. 10-4
10.5 Dual-Tone Dialing Frequencies......................................................................... 10-5
10.6 Dial Pulse (DP) Requirements .......................................................................... 10-5
10.7 Dial Pulse (DP) Requirements .......................................................................... 10-6
10.8 Remote Control Using TT Commands................................................................ 10-7
10.9 Remote Control Using TT Commands................................................................ 10-8

11. MEMORY CONSIDERATIONS (STORE & RECALL) ................................................ 11-1

11.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 11-1
11.2 Factory Set Defaults....................................................................................... 11-1
11.3 User Entered Memories .................................................................................. 11-8

12. RS232 COMMANDS ........................................................................................... 12-1

12.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 12-1
12.2 Command Protocol ........................................................................................ 12-2
12.3 Response Protocol......................................................................................... 12-6
12.4 Password Security ........................................................................................12-10
12.5 Miscellaneous Commands..............................................................................12-10
12.6 RS232 Port Configuration...............................................................................12-11
12.7 Auxiliary RS232 Port .....................................................................................12-11
12.8 Daisy Chaining.............................................................................................12-11
12.9 Conditioning Mask Definition Format.................................................................12-12

13. PRINTING AND PLOTTING ................................................................................. 13-1

13.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 13-1
13.2 Types of Printouts (up to Version 7)................................................................... 13-1
13.3 Types of Printouts (Version 8 and up) ................................................................ 13-2

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Table of Contents
13.4 XY Plotter Operation....................................................................................... 13-3

14. ORDERING INFORMATION................................................................................. 14-1

15. WARRANTY, CALIBRATION, AND SERVICE ......................................................... 15-1

15.1 Warranty...................................................................................................... 15-1
15.2 Service Policy ............................................................................................... 15-1
15.3 Calibration Policy........................................................................................... 15-1
15.4 Return of Unit................................................................................................ 15-2

16. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................ 16-1

16.1 Measurements .............................................................................................. 16-1
16.2 Send Functions (Signal Generator).................................................................... 16-1
16.3 Receive Functions ......................................................................................... 16-5
16.4 General ......................................................................................................16-12

A. APPENDIX A: CALIBRATION ................................................................................ A-1

A.1 Scope .............................................................................................................A-1
A.2 Equipment Required ..........................................................................................A-1
A.3 Calibration Procedure ........................................................................................A-1
A.4 Validation Procedure..........................................................................................A-3

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Table of Contents

List of Figures
Figure 3-1. Front Panel Components ............................................................................. 3-2
Figure 3-2. Level and Noise Units of Measurement ........................................................... 3-8
Figure 3-3. Rear Panel Components............................................................................ 3-11
Figure 3-4. Hand-Held Printer, Component Location ....................................................... 3-17
Figure 3-5. Standard Cables Supplied with the AM-47XT Printer ....................................... 3-18
Figure 3-6. Ribbon and paper Installation for the AM-47XT............................................... 3-20
Figure 3-7. Printer Hookup......................................................................................... 3-21
Figure 3-8. Bantam Plug Line Cables........................................................................... 3-23
Figure 3-9. RS232 Cables ......................................................................................... 3-25

Figure 5-1. AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer Connection with AC Power..................................... 5-3

Figure 5-2. AM5XT/eXT Connection Cables .................................................................... 5-4
Figure 5-3. 4-Wire End-to-End Testing ........................................................................... 5-6
Figure 5-4. 4-Wire Testing with Responder...................................................................... 5-7
Figure 5-5. 2-Wire Testing with Responder...................................................................... 5-8

Figure 6-1. Procedure to Enable Line Functions ............................................................... 6-1

Figure 6-2. 2-Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram.................................................................. 6-3
Figure 6-3. 4-Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram.................................................................. 6-3

Figure 7-1. Procedure to Enable Send Functions.............................................................. 7-1

Figure 8-1. Procedure to Enable Measure Modes ............................................................. 8-1

Figure 8-2. Setup to Measure 4-Wire Envelope Delay ..................................................... 8-20
Figure 8-3. Setup to Measure 2-Wire Envelope Delay ..................................................... 8-25
Figure 8-4. Setup to Measure Group Delay ................................................................... 8-31

Figure 9-1. Procedure to Enable Auxiliary Functions ......................................................... 9-1

Figure 9-2. Function Boxes .......................................................................................... 9-2
Figure 9-3. C-Message Weighting Characteristic (AM5XT) ................................................. 9-9
Figure 9-4. Program Weighting Characteristic (AM5XT) ..................................................... 9-9
Figure 9-5. 3 kHz Flat Weighting Characteristic (AM5eXT) ............................................... 9-10

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Figure 9-6. 15 kHz Flat Weighting Characteristic (AM5XT) ............................................... 9-10
Figure 9-7. 50 Kilobit Weighting Characteristic (AM5XT) .................................................. 9-11
Figure 9-8. Psophometric Characteristic (AM5eXT)......................................................... 9-11
Figure 9-9. Sound Weighted Characteristic (AM5eXT)..................................................... 9-12
Figure 9-10. Sound Unweighted Characteristic (AM5eXT) ................................................ 9-12
Figure 9-11. 3 kHz Flat Characteristic (AM5XT).............................................................. 9-13
Figure 9-12. 2 kHz Flat Characteristic (AM5eXT)............................................................ 9-13

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Table of Contents
List of Tables
Table 3-1. Acceptable Holding Tone Ranges ................................................................... 3-9
Table 3-2. RS232 Connector Pin Assignment ................................................................ 3-13
Table 3-3. DIP Switch Settings ................................................................................... 3-14
Table 3-4. Auxiliary RS232 Connector Pin Assignment .................................................... 3-14
Table 3-5. AM-47XT Technical Specifications ................................................................ 3-16

Table 8-1. Noise Weighting Filters................................................................................. 8-7

Table 8-2. P/AR Requirements of Telephone Lines......................................................... 8-13

Table 9-1. Noise Weighting Filters................................................................................. 9-3

Table 9-2. AM5XT Noise Weighting Filters ...................................................................... 9-3
Table 9-3. AM5eXT Noise Weighting Filters .................................................................... 9-4
Table 9-4. Jitter Bandwidth Weighting Filters ................................................................... 9-6

Table 10-1. MF and TT (DTMF) Tone Pairs................................................................... 10-5

Table 11-1. Stored Memories and Purpose ................................................................... 11-1

Table 12-1. Line Control Commands............................................................................ 12-2

Table 12-2. Send Control Commands .......................................................................... 12-3
Table 12-3. Measure Control Commands...................................................................... 12-4
Table 12-4. Auxiliary Control Commands...................................................................... 12-5
Table 12-5. Response Protocols ................................................................................. 12-7
Table 12-6. Bandwidth Parameter Limits......................................................................12-13

Table 14-1. Voice/Data Transmission Test Set Ordering .................................................. 14-1

Table 16-1. ERL Filter Response (Frequency Weighting) ................................................16-13

Table 16-2. SRL Low Filter Response (Frequency Weighting)..........................................16-13
Table 16-3. SRL High Filter Response (Frequency Weighting) .........................................16-14
Table 16-4. P/AR Line Spectrum................................................................................16-14
Table 16-5. Combination of IEEE and O.91 Specification ................................................16-15

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Table of Contents (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission
Table 16-6. Amplitude Jitter Frequency Weighting 20 – 300 Hz ........................................16-15
Table 16-7. Amplitude Jitter Frequency Weighting 4 – 300 Hz..........................................16-16

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Introduction

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 OVERVIEW
This instruction manual describes the operation of the Ameritec Model AM5XT and
AM5eXT Voice/Data Transmission Test Sets.
The AM5XT and AM5eXT are microprocessor based test instruments used to
measure transmission impairments on 2- and 4-wire telephone lines. The AM5XT
measures transmission impairments in accordance with IEEE Standard 743-1984
(Bell Standard 41009). The AM5eXT complies with CCITT recommendations for
export.
The instrument also contains a separate full function signal generator able to
generate the test tones normally used with the tests.
The instrument contains 4 impedance selections per line, separate DC hold
circuits, pulse, MF, and DTMF signaling, built-in speaker monitor and talk
microphone. Optional features include RS232 remote control port, batteries for
cordless portable operation, and rack mounting kit for permanent installations.

1.2 UNPACKING
The unit was thoroughly tested and carefully packed before shipment, and was in
good condition when turned over to the carrier for shipment.
Upon receipt, thoroughly inspect the outside of the shipping container for
damage, and if damage is noted, immediately contact the carrier. The name of
the carrier will be noted on the packing slip which is attached to the outside of
the shipping container.
Open the container carefully and compare the contents with the packing slip.
Note any damage or shortages. Notify the carrier in the event of damage. Notify
Ameritec in the event of shortage.
Save the shipping container for future use in the event that the unit may be
returned to the factory.

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Introduction (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

1.3 AM5XT/eXT BASIC UNITS

The Digital Signal Processor (DSP) board is not installed in the AM5XT-BASIC,
AM5XT-200 BASIC, AM5eXT-BASIC, and AM5eXT-200 BASIC, as indicated in the last
QUIET Mode PARAMETER DISPLAY (see Display 6 in ¶7.2).
Because of the absence of the DSP board, all BASIC units are NOT equipped with
the measurements listed below, even though these functions are included on the
front panel. The absence of these functions is evident because their function
LEDs will not light when the respective Function Enable Keys are pressed.
The functions listed below can be added by contacting Ameritec to order a
“factory upgrade” of an AM5XT-BASIC, AM5XT-200 BASIC, AM5eXT-BASIC, and
AM5eXT-200 BASIC to the standard AM5XT or eXT version (P/N 25-0036).
Functions of the AM5XT or eXT which are not included in the BASIC versions are:
• Envelope Delay
• Intermodulation Distortion
• Phase Jitter
• Micro-Interruptions
• Transient Tests:
• Gain Hits
• Phase Hits
• Dropouts
• X-Y Plotter (Option)

1.4 AM5eXT-200 (ce)

CAUTION: If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by Ameritec
!
Corporation, the protection provided by the equipment may be
impaired.

1. All AM5eXT-200(ce) units come equipped with an Ameritec P/N 70009200

Desktop Transformer (230 VAC In, 14 VAC Out), equipped with a U.S. standard
power cord. Use only this provided Desktop Transformer. The user may
change the AC power cord so long as the selected power cord has <HAR>
markings.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Introduction

2. All AM5eXT-200(ce) units come equipped with the following options:

• 24-0017 Sealed Lead Acid Batteries and Integral Charger
• 25-0019 RS232 Remote Control Port with AUX RS232 Output Port
• 25-0045 X-Y Plotter Option
CE Mark certification is based solely on the above configuration. Use of any
other AM5 options, such as LIDs, will negate the certification.
3. The AM5eXT-200(ce) is not equipped with the T/R/T1/R1/Gnd Terminal Block
(see ¶3.5).
4. The AM5eXT-200(ce) is not equipped with the AC Power Selector Switch,
Step-Down Transformer, Fuse Holder, and Power Plug (items 1, 2, 4, and 6)
as shown in ¶3.5. These items are replaced by a Power Connector Mounting
Adapter and the Desktop Transformer.
5. The AM5eXT-200(ce) contains both sealed lead acid batteries and lithium
batteries. The lithium batteries are built into an Integrated Circuit. All
batteries are clearly marked with the ! warning symbol. Be sure to dispose
of these batteries in accordance with local regulations.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Power Considerations

2. POWER CONSIDERATIONS
2.1 COMMERCIAL POWER
The AM5XT and AM5eXT are powered from commercial 115 VAC or 230 VAC 50/60
Hz power. A rear panel selector switch allows user selection of 115 VAC or 230
VAC.
A detachable 3-wire cord is furnished, which mates with a rear panel mounted
CCE standard V-type connector. A rear panel mounted fuse, rated at 1/2A, is
provided.
The AM5XT and AM5eXT are equipped with a non-volatile memory. Loss of
power will cause operation of the unit to cease. However, any front panel
configurations previously stored in memory will not be lost.

2.2 OPTIONAL BATTERY PACK

The AM5XT and AM5eXT may be equipped with an optional internal battery pack
to allow full cordless (no commercial power) operation.
The power pack consists of two sealed lead acid batteries and associated charging
circuitry. The batteries, when fully charged, will power the unit for
approximately 5 to 8 hours.
A low battery indicator is provided in the form of blinking decimal points in the
front panel display. Blinking decimal points indicate approximately 1/2 hour of
remaining battery operation before recharging is required.
The unit may be operated while the batteries are recharging. Recharging will
automatically occur whenever the unit is plugged into commercial AC power,
regardless of whether the unit is on or off. Charging will be accomplished faster
when the unit power switch is “OFF”.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

3. PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

3.1 INTRODUCTION
This section illustrates and explains the components of the AM5XT/eXT. Also
described are optional equipment and accessories, including the Ameritec
AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer, designed to be used with the AM5XT/eXT. The
paragraphs in this section are listed below:
3.2 General
3.3 Front Panel Notes
3.4 Front Panel Components
3.5 Rear Panel Components
3.6 Optional Equipment
3.7 AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer
3.8 Accessories

3.2 GENERAL
Weight. The AM5XT/eXT weighs 5 pounds without the optional battery pack, and
10 pounds with the battery pack.
Dimensions.
Portable: 8.3”W x 3.5”H x 12.1”D (210mm x 89mm x 307mm)
Rack Mount: 19.0”W x 3.5”H x 12. 1”D (83mm x 89mm x 307mm)
Construction. Electronic components are mounted on four (4) plug-in printed
circuit boards, interconnected with harness connectors and housed
in a sturdy metal case. If the optional canvas Padded Carrying
Case is not ordered, a removable snap-on cover is supplied to
protect the front panel during transport. There are no user
serviceable parts inside the case.
Mounting. A portable unit has a carrying handle and can be stood on any of three
(3) possible sides, each of which has rubber feet.
When placed on a table, the unit can be set in a tilted position for
easier viewing of the front panel. This is done by extending supports
located behind the front feet on the front panel side. The 19” Rack
Mount Kit (85-(X)76) can be ordered for fixed installations.

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

3.3 FRONT PANEL NOTES

The Front Panel of the AM5XT is illustrated in Figure 3-1. See ¶3.4 for
descriptions of the components called out.

Figure 3-1. Front Panel Components

Front Panel Layout. The AM5XT front panel is a surface approximately 3” (7.5cm)
high by 8” (20.5cm) wide. It contains switches, keys, LEDs, and displays for
controlling the unit and indicating its operational status.
Color Coding and Marking. The front panel functions are color coded to tie
together associated functions:
GRAY Store and Recall Keys, normal 2-wire or 4-wire interface
select, dialing mode select
BLACK Pair reversal
GREEN Send (Transmit, TX) functions
BLUE Measure (Receive, RX) functions
VIOLET Auxiliary functions, associated with measure functions
Some of the measure (blue) functions that always work together with certain
auxiliary (violet) functions are enclosed with a black border; these are referred to
as Function Boxes. See ¶9.1 and Figure 9-2.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

Unit Status. After setting up a test, Function LEDs remain on to indicate the
function is enabled. The status of the unit can thus be determined at a glance.
The Send and Measure functions have prompt-driven DATA and PARAMETER
DISPLAYS which are scrolled through to make readings and set parameters.
Keys. All push-button keys are discrete switches, non-membrane type, and offer
good visual, tactile and audible feedback. All indicators, including the display,
are LEDs and should never need replacement. The unit is controlled by pressing
keys arranged along the left and bottom edges of an X-Y matrix of function LEDs.
Along the left edge of the front panel, there are five (5) Keys, which are used to
select one (1) of the five (5) horizontal rows of operating functions, LINE, SEND,
MEASure, AUXiliary, or Dialing (DP, TT, or MF).
Note: Because of space limitation, most of the keys along the left edge are not
located directly next to the function rows they control. Carefully follow
the color coding which associates a key with the horizontal function row
that it enables.
Along the bottom edge of the front panel, there are 16 Function Enable Keys
referred to as [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [0], [*], [#], [A], [B], [C], [D].
A Function Enable Key is used to enable the function that is located vertically
above it, within the function row that is enabled at the time the key is pressed.
• For example, press [SEND] key (item 11 in Figure 3-1); SEND LED lights.
Then press [7]. Return Loss send function is enabled (RET LOSS LED lights).
Then, repeatedly press [7] to step through the three (3) Return Loss send
DATA DISPLAYS.
• When [D] is pressed with either SEND or MEAS row enabled, the PARAM SET
LED (green) lights, and the PARAMETER DISPLAY(S) appear, if present. If
thee is no PARAMETER DISPLAY for the function enabled, the PARAM SET
LED does not light. When a PARAM SET LED is on, the 16 keys along the
bottom edge are used to set parameter values.
• When Dialing Mode (DP, TT, MF) is enabled (using item 8 in Figure 3-1),
pressing a key along the bottom edge causes the respective digit to be dialed
(outpulsed).

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

See Section 4 for a full explanation of key operation.

3.4 FRONT PANEL COMPONENTS

The numbering of the descriptions below corresponds to the numbering of the
components in Figure 3-1.
1. Power On/Off Push Button
Note: When using AC power, observe CAUTION in ¶3.5 before turning on
power.
Push button IN to turn power ON. Push button again (button will pop OUT) to
turn power OFF.
Button in = Power ON

Button out = Power OFF

See Section 2 for power considerations.

2. TX/2W Bantam Jack
For 2-wire circuits (2W LED on): Connect the 2-wire pair to this jack.
Signals are both transmitted and received over this same pair of contacts.
For 4-wire circuits (4W LED on): Connect the send (transmit, TX) pair, over
which the AM5XT/eXT sends signals.
For reverse (REV LED on): This pair becomes the receive pair, RX, over
which the AM5XT/eXT receives signals.
See Figure 3-6 for mating cables.
The connections of this jack are the same as screw terminals T and R on the
Rear Panel, item 10 in Figure 3-3.
3. RX Bantam Jack
For 4-wire circuits (4W LED on): Connect the receive pair, RX, over which
the AM5XT/eXT receives signals. For 4-wire reversed (REV LED on): this pair
becomes the send (transmit, TX) pair, over which the AM5XT/eXT sends
signals.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

For 2-wire reversed (REV LED on), signals are both transmitted and received
over this pair of contacts.
See Figure 3-6 for mating cables.
The connections of this jack are the same as screw terminals T1 and R1 on the
Rear Panel, item 9 in Figure 3-3.
4. Monitor Switch
Three-position switch used to select the point to which the internal
amplifier/speaker is connected.
TX (Transmit): Connects the internal amplifier/speaker to the output of
the signal generator.
MEAS (Measure): Connects the internal amplifier/speaker to the output of
the receive circuit auto ranging amplifier and associated filters. This
considerably increases the volume of the speaker and is useful to monitor
low level signals. The signal is always in an 18 dB range for input
signals ranging from -65 to +10 dBm. This setting is particularly useful
for audibly monitoring the residual noise in notched noise and S/N ratio
measurements.
RX (Receive): Connects the internal amplifier/speaker to the signal being
measured. The possibilities are:
• RX (receive) pair of the 4-wire circuit under test.
• 2-wire circuit under test.
• if measuring 2-wire Return Loss, the receive pair of the Internal
Hybrid.
• if measuring Noise-to-Ground, the Noise-to-Ground circuit.
5. Carrying Handle
Thick, soft, flexible plastic handle on right panel. Extends for use, retracts
against case when not in use. The Carrying handle is not installed when the
19” Rack Mounting Kit is installed.
6. 16 Function Enable Keys
See explanation in ¶3.3 under “Keys”.

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

7. Rubber Feet (portable version only)

Set of four (4) Rubber Feet on the bottom panel. Behind the front pair of feet
are hinged plastic supports that can be swung forward (snap into place) to
raise the front and tilt the unit for easier viewing of the Front Panel. In
addition, there is a set of four (4) rubber feet on the left panel on which the
unit can be conveniently set after transporting with the Carrying Handle
(item 5).
8. Dialing Mode Enable Key
Repeatedly press as necessary to enable desire Dialing Mode, indicated by
lighting of respective LED.
DP = Dial Pulse
TT = Touch Tone
MF = Multi-Frequency
See Section 10 concerning Dialing.
9. Auxiliary Function Row Enable Key
This is referred to as the [AUX] key. Press to enable the Auxiliary Function
Row. AUX LED is on when this row is enabled. The Display MEAS LED (item
16) also lights. See Section 9 concerning Auxiliary Functions.
10. Measure Function Row Enable Key
This is referred to as the [MEAS] key. Press to enable the Measure Function
Row. MEAS LED is on when this row is enabled. The Display MEAS LED
(item 16) also lights. See Section 8 concerning Measure Functions.
11. Send Function Row Enable Key
This is referred to as the [SEND] key. Press to enable the SEND Function
Row. SEND LED is on when this row is enabled. The Display SEND LED
(item 16) also lights. See Section 7 concerning Send Functions.
12. Line Function Row Enable Key
This is referred to as the [LINE] key. Press to enable the Line Function Row.
LINE LED is on when this row is enabled. See Section 7 concerning Send
Functions.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

13. Microphone
Three holes labeled TALK. The Microphone is located behind the Front
Panel. Speak into the Microphone when in one of the TALK modes. See
¶7.14 for details.
14. Recall Key [RCL]
This key is used to recall and execute commands stored in non-volatile
memory, either front panel setups or dialed numbers. Up to 40 front panel
setups can be recalled. See Section 11 for details. Up to 10 dialed numbers
can be recalled, each with up to 48 digits. Also, the last dialed number can
always be recalled and redialed using this key. See ¶10.2 and 10.3 for
details.
15. Store Key [STO]
This key is used to store commands in non-volatile memory, either front
panel setups or dialed numbers. Up to 40 front panel setups can be stored.
See Section 11 for details. Up to 10 dialed numbers can be stored, each with
up to 48 digits. See ¶10.2 for details.
16. Display LEDs, SEND and MEASure
These LEDs indicate what function is being viewed on the Display. One of
these LEDs is always on.
SEND on = enabled SEND function being viewed on the Display.
MEAS on = enabled Measure function being viewed on the Display.
The SEND Display LED automatically lights when the [SEND] key (item 11) is
pressed. The MEAS Display LED automatically lights when either the [MEAS]
key (item 10) or [AUX] key (item 9) is pressed.
17. Left LED Display
This is a red LED display with four (4) 7-segmented characters with floating
decimal points. The type of reading (Send Function or Measure Function) is
indicated by the LEDs to the left of this display; see item 16. The unit of
measurement is indicated by LEDs located to the right of this display. See
item 18.

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

18. Units of Measurement LEDs

Each of these LEDs is labeled with a unit(s) of measurement. One of these
LEDs is lit, as appropriate, to indicate the unit of measurement for a
numerical value displayed in the left display (item 17).
relative zero reference intensity of
can be established 1 milliWatt
at any point of power

-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 +10 dBm

0 +10 +20 +30 +40 +50 +60 +70 +80 +90 +100 dBrn

arbitrary zero reference

for noise measurement
Figure 3-2. Level and Noise Units of Measurement
The possible units of measurement are explained as follows:
dB
The deciBel (dB) is a logarithmic (base 10) electrical unit used to
compare or indicate changes in level. The dB unit is only a relative unit
however, and does not have a meaning unless a point of reference is
established. Thus the systems of dBm and dBrn were established as
described below.
dBm
To establish a point of reference in making comparisons in level (and
noise for CCITT standard) measurements in transmission testing, the
system of dBm was adopted.
00.0 dBm is defined as the level of one (1) milliWatt of power, hence the
abbreviation “m” after the dB. Levels of less power than this reference
point are negative, -dBm values; and levels of greater power are positive,
+dBm values. See Figure 3-2.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

It turns out that 00.0 dBm is a strong level for a telephone line, so most of
the level measurements in units of dBm are negative, i.e., less power than
the 00.0 dBm reference. For example, -10.0 dBm is a typical level at
which dialing tones are sent.
dBrn (AM5XT only)
The dBrn unit is used in noise level measurements, “rn” meaning relative
noise. Note in Figure 3-2 that the zero reference for noise measurement
has been established at -90 dBrn, an extremely low level for a telephone
line. Thus, noise measurements will always be positive (higher level)
with respect to the 00.0 dBrn reference.
Absolute and Relative Measurements. An absolute level measurement is
made in units of dBm, as described above. A relative measurement is in
units of dB. A zero point of reference is established at any level, and
subsequent level measurements are made relative to that level. See ¶9.9
for an explanation of how relative measurements are used.
mSEC
milli-seconds. One mSEC = one thousandth of a second. Unit of
measure in Envelope Delay.
HOLD TONE. This LED lights when a valid Holding Tone is present at the
receive port. A valid Holding Tone is required for Notched Noise, S/N Ratio,
Phase Jitter, Amplitude Jitter, and Transient Tests. This LED must be on for
these tests to be valid. A Holding Tone is nominally 1004 Hz. See Table
3-1 for Holding Tone range specifications, which depend on the type of
measurement.
Table 3-1. Acceptable Holding Tone Ranges
Acceptable Range Type of Measurement
990 Hz to 1030 Hz Phase Jitter and Amplitude Jitter
995 Hz to 1025 Hz All other Holding Tone tests

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

19. Metal Case

This is a sturdy aluminum case, painted blue. with a steel rear panel. For
portable units, if the optional canvas Padded Carrying Case is not ordered, a
removable snap-on cover is supplied to protect the front panel during
transport. For fixed installations, an optional 19" Rack Mounting Kit
(installed at the factory) can be ordered.
20. Right LED Display
This is a red LED display with four (4) 7-segmented characters with floating
decimal points. The type of reading (Send Function or Measure Function) is
indicated by the LEDs on the far left of the display area; see item 16. The unit
of measurement is indicated by LEDs located to the right of this display. See
item 21.
21. Units of Measurement LEDs
Each of these LEDs is labeled with a unit(s) of measurement. One of these
LEDs will light as appropriate to indicate the unit of measurement for a
numerical value displayed in the right display (item 20). The possible units
of measurement are explained below.
kHz = Kilo-Hertz = 1000 Hertz = 1000 cycles per second.
Note: All frequencies are expressed in kHz, not Hz. A common mistake is
to try to set a frequency value and enter it as if it were expressed in
Hz instead of kHz. For example, enter 1004 Hz as 1.004 kHz (be sure
to enter the decimal point between the 1 and the 0). If an attempt
were made to enter this as 1004 without the decimal point, the
display would default to 200 kHz, the maximum possible value for a
frequency. Thus, if the display “mysteriously” shows 200 kHz
instead of the value entered, the frequency was entered as if it were
in units of Hz. Reenter the correct value in units of kHz, with a
decimal point in the appropriate place.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

SEC = Seconds (time).

PAR = (Peak-to-Average Ratio) units. See ¶8.8.
MIN = Minutes.
% = Percent.
CNT = Counts.
DEG = Degrees.
22. Volume Control Knob
This controls the volume of the speaker, item 23. Turn clockwise to increase
speaker volume and turn counter-clockwise to decrease speaker volume.
23. Speaker
This is located on the top of the unit near the front. The speaker is connected
to a monitor point determined by the position of the Speaker Monitor Switch,
item 4. Speaker volume is controlled by the Volume Control Knob, item 22.

3.5 REAR PANEL COMPONENTS

The numbering of the descriptions below corresponds to the numbering of the
components in Figure 3-3.
10 11 12 13 1 2 3

9 8 7 6 5 4
Figure 3-3. Rear Panel Components

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

1. AC Power Selector Switch

115V/230V. Red slide switch. Before plugging in the power cord, set this
switch to match the power source to which the power cord is to be connected,
either 115 VAC or 230 VAC.
CAUTION: Observe the CAUTION printed on the back of the unit. When
!
connected to a 230 VAC source, be sure to set this switch to
the 230V position before turning on the power. Damage to the
unit will result if 230 VAC is applied with this switch set to
115V.

2. Step-Down Transformer
Part of the power supply.
3. Foot/Guard
Two places. The unit can be stood on end, resting on these rubber-coated
supports. They protrude to allow clearance for rear panel components and
rear-mounted cables.
4. Fuse Holder
With slotted cover. Unscrew with common blade screwdriver to
inspect/replace the fuse. The fuse is 1/2 amp, 250V.
5. Power Plug
Three pronged male, for 115 or 230 VAC. Mating power cord is supplied. Be
sure AC Power Selector Switch (item 1) is in correct position.
6. Recorder Outputs (optional)
These Bantam Jacks, labeled “A” and “B”, are the outputs of the X-Y Plotter,
Option 25-0045. See ¶3.6 and Section 13 for details concerning the plotter
function. In general, these contacts are used as follows:
“A” Bantam Jack: Sleeve = ground
Tip = not used
Ring = auxiliary logic output
“B” Bantam Jack: Sleeve = ground
Tip = Plot X or auxiliary logic output
Ring = Plot Y or auxiliary logic output

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

7. Screw Terminal, Ground

This is the same connection as the Sleeve contacts on the front-panel Bantam
Jacks (items 2 and 3 in Figure 3-1). Use this ground as the reference ground
in the Noise-to-Ground test (¶8.6).
8. Screw Terminals, T1, R1
These are the same connections as the Tip and Ring of the right front-panel
Bantam Jack (item 3 in Figure 3-1. See ¶3.4,3).
9. Screw Terminals, T, R
These are the same connections as the Tip and Ring of the left front-panel
Bantam Jack (item 2 in Figure 3-1. See ¶3.4,2).
10. RS232 Connector (optional)
25-pin male DB25, only with units equipped with Option 25-0019. Connector
pin assignments are listed in Table 3-2.
Table 3-2. RS232 Connector Pin Assignment
PIN FUNCTION DIRECTION
2 TD Transmit Data From AM5XT/eXT
3 RD Received Data To AM5XT/eXT
4 RTS Request to Send Not Used
5 CTD Clear to Send Not Used
7 GNF Common ----
9 +V +Power (+12 Vdc) From AM5XT/eXT
10 -V -Power (-12 Vdc) From AM5XT/eXT
20 DTR Data Terminal Ready Not Used
22 RI Ring Indicator Not Used

A printer or terminal can be connected here. This connector is also used to

connect the unit in a chain if this is other than the first unit in the chain. See
Section 12 concerning RS232 port operation.
Note: This area is filled with a plastic cover if the unit is not equipped with
the RS232 option.

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

11. 8-Switch DIP Switch

Table 3-3 lists the switch functions and positions. An abbreviated list, item
13, is given on the rear panel.
Table 3-3. DIP Switch Settings
DIP SWITCH FUNCTION CODE
1&2 Set Baud Rate 1 OFF, 2 OFF = 300 BAUD
1 ON, 2 OFF = 1200 BAUD
1 OFF, 2 ON = 2400 BAUD
1 ON, 2 ON = 9600 BAUD
3 Parity Enable ON = PARITY, OFF = NO PARITY
4 Parity Select ON = EVEN PARITY, OFF = ODD PARITY
5 Not Used ----
6 Not Used ----
7 Setup Protect ON = PROTECT, OFF = UNPROTECTED
8 Password Enable ON = Password needed, OFF = No Password needed

Switches 1 thru 4 control the operating characteristics of the RS232 port. See
Section 12 concerning RS232 port operation.
Switches 5 and 6 are not used.
Switch 7 protects/unprotects the front panel setups stored in non-volatile
memory. Note that Switch 7 does not protect Dialed Numbers stored in
non-volatile memory per ¶10.2.
Switch 8 controls the remote control password enable.
12. Auxiliary (AUX) RS232 Connector
9-pin female D-type miniature. This is used to connect to the RS232 port of
an auxiliary unit (printer, test access switch, etc.), installed near the
AM5XT/eXT. Use cable 48-0083 for this function. See ¶12.1 for details.
Available pins are listed in Table 3-4.
Table 3-4. Auxiliary RS232 Connector Pin Assignment
Pin Function Direction
2 RD Received Data To AM5XT/eXT
3 TD Transmit Data From AM5XT/eXT
7 GND Common ----

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

Baud Rate and Parity are the same as those of the main RS232 port (set with
Switches 1 thru 4 of the DIP switch, item 11).
13. List of DIP Switch Settings
See Table 3-3 for detailed information on settings.

3.6 OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT

This paragraph describes features that can be made a part of the AM5XT/eXT when
specially ordered. See ¶3.7 and 3.8 for accessories that can be specially ordered
to use with the AM5XT/eXT.
Sealed Lead Acid Batteries and Integral Charger, Option 24-0017
When fully charged, these batteries allow 5 to 8 hours of cordless (no
commercial power) operation. See ¶2.2 for details.
RS232 Port, Option 25-0019
The RS232 port is required for printouts and external control of the AM5XT/eXT
from a terminal or computer. The RS232 port makes possible additional
functions and capabilities that cannot be done with the front panel controls alone.
A unit equipped with this option has an RS232 connector (item 10 in Figure 3-3)
on the rear panel. See Section 12 concerning RS232 port operation.
19” Rack Mounting Kit, Option 85-0076
Order this option if the unit is to be mounted in a 19” relay rack. The Carrying
Handle and Rubber Feet are not included when this option is ordered.
X-Y Plotter Outputs, Option 25-0045
Voltages are delivered to rear panel Bantam Jacks, which are connected to an
external plotter for hard copy graph of test results. A unit equipped with this
option has two (2) Bantam Jacks (item 6 in Figure 3-3) on the rear panel. See
¶13.1 for details. This option is not available for an AM5XT-BASIC.
Delete Front Panel, Option 25-0020
RS232 Port, Option 25-0019, must also be ordered. The Front Panel is deleted for
exclusive remote control of the unit through the RS232 Port when front panel
manual control will never be needed.

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Siemens Adapter, Option 25-0041 (AM5eXT only)

This brings the line connections to two (2) 3-socket connectors, designed to mate
with lines that are connected with a 3-pronged Siemens-type Banana connector, a
standard in some European countries. These connectors are mounted on the
bottom of the AM5eXT, flush with the front panel.

3.7 AM-47XT HAND-HELD PRINTER (Optional)

The AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer is designed to be used with an AM5XT or AM5eXT
to provide a hard copy of the measurements and setups.
Operating Instructions
See ¶13.1.
Technical Specifications
Table 3-5. AM-47XT Technical Specifications
CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATIONS
Input Signal Serial ASCII RS232 (modified for plot function)
Input Connector 4-Wide Modular Jack
Input Speed 300, 1200, 0r 9600 Baud with 1500 Character FIFO Buffer
Print Type 6 x 8 Impact Dot Matrix
Paper 2.25”w x 1.8” Dia. Adding Machine Paper (Part No. 26-0014)
Ink Supply Replaceable Inked Ribbon Cartridge (Part No. 26-0015)
Characters per Line 40
Print Speed 0.4 Lines per Second
Power Internal NiCad Battery Pack with Built-in Charger
Battery Life Approximately 7,000 Lines
Charge Time 8 to 14 hours
Size 7.6”L x 3.4”W x 1.9”D
Weight 1.5 lbs.
Cables Printer Cable (48-0095) and AC Adapter (70-0029), supplied

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

Component Locations
See illustration in Figure 3-4.

PUSH UP HERE
TO REMOVE COVER

PAPER ROLL
COMPARTMENT

PAPER CUTTER

BATTERY CHARGE/
POWER LED DATA RECEIVE LED

Ameritec
HAND-HELD PRINTER • Model AM-47XT

PAPER FEED
BUTTON
PAPER POWER SIGNAL
ADVANCE
BAUD
300
BAUD RATE
ADJUST 1200
POWER 9VDC SIGNAL 9600
OFF ON IN IN

TOP VIEW

POWER SWITCH AC ADAPTER PLUG BAUD RATE DIP SWITCH

END VIEW

Figure 3-4. Hand-Held Printer, Component Location

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Connectors, Cables
The connectors are used with the AC Adapter (70-0029) and the Printer Cable
(48-0095), shown in Figure 3-5. Both of these cables are supplied with the
AM-47XT.

4-WIDE 25-PIN D
MODULAR FEMALE

PRINTER CABLE 48-0095, 3 FT.

2.5mm JACK

110 VAC ADAPTER 70-0029, 6 FT.

Figure 3-5. Standard Cables Supplied with the AM-47XT Printer

Power
Power is supplied by an internal NiCad battery pack. There is an internal
charging circuit in the printer that operates when the AC Adapter is plugged in.
Power Switch
See charging instructions in ¶13.1 concerning the position of this switch during
charging and operation.
2-Position DIP Switch
This is used to set the BAUD Rate (300, 1200, or 9600). Settings are indicated in a
table on the label above the switches.
Note: Printer Power Switch must be OFF when changing Baud Rate on the
AM-47XT. Moving DIP switches with the Printer Power Switch ON does
not change the Baud Rate until the Printer is switched OFF and then
switched ON again.

LEDs
The LEDs light as described below:
1. The POWER LED lights continuously when the AC Adapter is connected
and the battery pack is charging (starts charge cycle each time power is
turned ON).

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

2. The POWER LED blinks when power is ON and the battery pack has been
charged.
3. The SIGNAL LED lights when data is being received from the AM5XT/eXT.
Printing Mechanism
Printing mechanism is dot matrix impact type with replaceable ribbon cartridge.
Standard-width adding machine paper is used. The ribbon cartridge and paper
roll are housed within the case. The printout is in 40-column format, at a speed
of 0.4 lines per second.
Ribbon Cartridge Replacement
Refer to Figure 3-6. For replacement ribbon cartridges, order Part No. 26-0015.
1. Push up on end of housing to remove paper roll compartment cover.
2. Observe how ribbon is routed on the old cartridge.
3. Push on end or cartridge as indicated in Figure 3-6 to eject old cartridge.
4. Snap in new cartridge, being careful to insert ribbon correctly.
5. Rotate manual ribbon take-up to apply tension to the ribbon.
6. Re-install compartment cover.
Paper Roll Installation
Refer to Figure 3-6. For additional rolls of paper, order Part No. 26-0014.
1. Push up on end of housing to remove paper roll compartment cover.
2. Install paper roll in cradle and feed paper into slot.
3. Push [PAPER ADVANCE] button to route paper through printer.
4. Re-install compartment cover.

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

PAPER ROLL

RIBBON

MANUAL PUSH DOWN

RIBBON RIBBON CARTRIDGE HERE TO
TAKE-UP EJECT RIBBON
CARTRIDGE
PAPER CUTTER

PAPER ROLL COMPARTMENT

PUSH (PAPER ADVANCE) FEED PAPER

BUTTON TO ROUTE INTO SLOT
PAPER THROUGH 3 2 INSTALL
1 PAPER
ROLL

PAPER ROLL INSTALLATION

Figure 3-6. Ribbon and Paper Installation for AM-47XT
Self Test
For a printout of all possible characters, hold down the [PAPER ADVANCE] button
and set the POWER switch to ON. Self test printouts will continue to output until
the [PAPER ADVANCE] button is released.
Charging Considerations
The AM-47XT NiCad battery pack is charged through the AC Adapter (70-0029).
See Figure 3-7 for connection.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

115 VAC
WALL JACK

AM-47XT
HAND-HELD PRINTER

AC ADAPTER
(70-0029) 6 FT
PA
PE
R
CU
TT
ER
H
A
mND-H
A
er E
iteLD
c PRIN
PA VA
AD
PE NC

TE
R E
OF
PO

R
F
W

•
ER ON

PO

M
W

od
ER

el
9V IN

A
DC

M
-4
7
SIG IN

SIG
NA
L

NA
L

PRINTER CABLE
(48-0095) 3 FT

NOTE: LINE CONNECTION CABLES NOT SHOWN

RS232

AM5XT
(REAR VIEW)

Figure 3-7. Printer Hookup

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Charging is controlled by a microprocessor that is programmed to run the

charging circuitry without sensing the actual charged or discharged state of the
battery pack.
With the AC Adapter connected, each time the power is turned ON, the
microprocessor assumes the worst case and goes into a full 14-hour charge cycle.
With the AC Adapter connected and the power OFF, the AM-47XT is charged with
a very low trickle current which takes several days to charge the battery pack.
Note: The AM-47XT is normally charged with the power ON even though many
other devices are typically charged with the power OFF.

The AC Adapter can be left continuously connected to the AM-47XT. There is no

danger of “overcharging” the battery pack.
After the charging cycle, the POWER LED will blink. Also after the charging
cycle, a timer is set which will start the charge cycle again after it is decremented
to zero. Each time a line is printed, the timer is decremented a certain amount. If
the POWER switch is left ON, the AM-47XT can print about 7,000 lines before the
timer is decremented to zero and a new charge cycle is initiated.
There are two (2) charging procedures:
1. A normal procedure.
2. A procedure if the battery pack is completely discharged.
Normal Charging Procedure
Connect AC Adapter (70-0029) as shown in Figure 5-2. Turn POWER switch ON
and note POWER LED. If LED lights, unit is charging. If LED does not light,
battery pack is completely discharged; go to next charging procedure.
When charging cycle is complete (after about 14 hours), POWER LED will blink.
Note: Each time power is turned ON with the AC Adapter connected, the
AM-47XT will go through a complete charging cycle, regardless of the
charge of the battery pack..

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

Charging Procedure When Battery Pack is Completely Discharged

Connect AC Adapter (70-0029) as shown in Figure 5-2. Turn POWER switch ON
to verify POWER LED does not light. Turn POWER switch OFF. This will initiate
a trickle charge that will charge the battery pack enough to operate the
microprocessor-controlled charging circuitry. Leave the POWER switch OFF for
about one (1) hour.
Turn the POWER switch ON. The POWER LED will now light continuously,
indicating that the full charge cycle has begun. After about 14 hours, the POWER
LED will start to blink, indicating that charging is complete.

3.8 ACCESSORIES
The items described in this paragraph are not automatically supplied with the
AM5XT/eXT; they must be added to the order per customer request. See ¶3.7
concerning the AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer.
Line Cables
Bantam Plug Line Cables are illustrated in Figure 3-8, along with their lengths
and part numbers.

BANTAM PLUG CABLE 48-0047, 6 FT.

310 PLUG

BANTAM PLUG CABLE 48-0048, 6 FT.

GREEN R

RED T
BANTAM PLUG CABLE 48-0062, 6 FT.
BLACK S

Figure 3-8. Bantam Plug Line Cables

Each of these cables can be used for a front-panel line connection, mating to the
Bantam Jacks (items 2 and 3, Figure 3-1) in the upper right-hand corner of the
unit.

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Padded Carrying Case, Model No. 87-0070B

This case is ideal to protect and carry the AM5XT/eXT and AM-47XT Printer while
field testing. The AM5XT/eXT could be operated without removing it from the
case. This case is constructed of green/gray heavy canvas, filled with foam
padding. Other features are listed below:
• Case dimensions: approximately 11”L x 5”W x 13”H (28cmL x 13cmW
x 33cmH).
• Side pocket with individual Velcro fastened cover flap, designed to carry
AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer.
• Hand-carrying strap and padded shoulder carrying strap.
RS232 Cables
Cables that can be used with the RS232 Port are illustrated in Figure 3-9, along
with their lengths and part numbers.

October 17, 2000 0022-S03.G_ 229

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Physical and Functional Description

RED
2 TO INPUT OF DEVICE
GREEN
3 FROM OUTPUT OF DEVICE
5
6
BLACK TO GROUND OF DEVICE
7
8
9 SPADE LUGS

10 RED (TX —>)

15 GREEN (RX <—)
20
22 BLACK (Signal GND)
7 FEET
25

DB 25 PIN FEMALE

RS232 UNIVERSAL CABLE 48-0012

DB 25 PIN DB 25 PIN
FEMALE MALE

7 FEET

AM5XT/eXT PRINTER
5 STRAPPING STRAPPING 4
6 5
7 6
8 7
9 8
10 9
15 10
20 15
22 20
25 INTERCONNECTIONS 22
2 3
3 2
7 7
PRINTER/TERMINAL/CRT CABLE 48-0084

4 FEET DB 9 PIN
MALE
DB 25 PIN
FEMALE INTERCONNECTIONS
2 2
3 3
7 7
CHAINING CABLE 48-0083

Figure 3-9. RS232 Cables

Each of these cables mates to the RS232 port connector (item 10, Figure 3-3).
See Section 12 for applications that use these cables.

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Physical and Functional Description (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

3.9 MASK FEATURE (Optional)

This feature provides eight sets of performance limits (masks) that are applied to
Level/Freq and Delay sweep results to determine whether a line is measuring
according to its specifications. When the measurement results are within limits,
the printer/plotter output is normal. When a measurement result is outside the
mask, an indication of the error is recorded on the printer plot.
There are eight different performance masks to select from, each with eight
different limit specifications. A mask is selected using the “Cond” parameter for
Level/Frequency or Group Delay measurements. Stored memory recalls 81 to 88
are also reserved for this purpose. Masks are recalled independently from LINE
parameters or MEASUREMENT setups.
A printer plot output of a mask specification allows a graphic display of the
mask. This plot uses the same scaling parameter as a normal printer plot, so it
can be compared with an actual plot of the line under test.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Self-Test and Operation Techniques

4. SELF-TEST AND OPERATION TECHNIQUES

4.1 INTRODUCTION
This section describes procedures to verify that the AM5XT/eXT is working
properly. Refer to Figure 3-1 for front panel details. Some important operation
techniques are discussed in this section.

4.2 SELF-TEST SETUP

These tests are done with the AM5XT/eXT looped back on itself, not connected to
any external equipment. The signals sent (generated) through the Transmit (TX)
port are routed directly back to the Receive (RX) port through a Bantam cable
plugged into the front panel jacks or through a pair of wires attached to the rear
panel screw terminals (T to T1 and R to R1).
When the AM5XT/eXT is turned on, all LEDs and displays are lit for approximately
three (3) seconds. TEST PASS is then displayed. The unit then assumes its
default configuration.

4.3 SWITCH SETUP

Place Monitor Switch in the TX (Transmit) mode.
Press the LINE key. Turn off the BRDG LED by pressing [#]. Verify that the unit
is set for 600Ω TX, 600Ω RX, and 4W.
Verify that CMSG (PSHO for AM5eXT) is lit on the AUX line.

4.4 QUIET SEND MODE

Press the SEND key. The SEND LED lights. Press key [1] to activate QT (Quiet)
mode.
Press the MEAS key. The MEAS LED lights. Verify that the LVL/FREQ LED is lit.
The display should read “undr” with units “dBm”.
Press key [2] for NOISE. The display should read “undr” with units “dBrn”
(“dBm” for AM5eXT).

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Self-Test and Operation Techniques (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

4.5 SEND 1004 Hz

Press the SEND key. The SEND LED lights. Press key [2] to send 1004 Hz (at 00.0
dBm).
Note: Turn volume control up or down as desired to increase or decrease
volume of the speaker sound. The speaker is monitoring the 1004 Hz
tone being sent.
Press the MEAS key. The MEAS LED lights. Press key [1] for LVL/FREQ. The
display should read 00.0 ±1.0 dBm, 1.004 ±.002 kHz.
Press key [2] for NOISE. The display should read 90.0 ±1 dBrn (01.0 ±1.0 dBm for
AM5eXT).
Press key [3] for NOTCH NOISE. Note that the HOLD TONE LED is on (signal
being received). The reading on the display must be less than 40.0 dBrn and at
1.004 kHz (-50 dBm for AM5eXT). If the left display reads undr, the right display is
blank.
Press key [5] for S/N (signal-to-noise ratio). Note that the HOLD TONE LED is still
on. The display should read greater than 50.0 dB ( or should read over) and at
1.004 ±.002 kHz.
Verify that the JTR 20-300 LED is on in the AUX line.
Press key [0] for PHASE JTR. The display should read PJTr and 00.0 ±0.2 with the
DEG LED lit.
Press key [*] for AMP JTR. The display should read AJTr and 00.0 ±.2 with the %
LED lit.

4.6 SEND PAR

Press the SEND key. Press key [6] for PAR. The display should read 0.00 dBm
and PAr. Press the MEAS key. Press key [6] for PAR. The display should read
00.0 ±1.0 dBm and 100 ±2 PAR.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Self-Test and Operation Techniques

4.7 SEND ENVELOPE DELAY (ENV DLY)

Press the SEND key. Press key [8] for ENV DLY. Press key [8] again to display
00.0 dBm and rEF.
Press the MEAS key. The display should read 3.965 ±.010 mSEC and 1.800 ±.002
kHz.

4.8 SEND IMD

Press the SEND key. Press key [9] for IMD. Press the MEAS key. The display
should read 00.0 ±.5 dBm and 4T. Press key [9]. The display should change to
OVER dB and 2 4T. Press key [9] again. The display should change to OVER dB
and 3 4T.
Press the SEND key. Press key [9]. The display should read 00.0 dBm and TEST.
Press the MEAS key. The display should read 30.0 ±.5 dBm and 3 4T. Press key
[9]. The display should read 00.0 ±.5 dBm and 4T. Press key [9] again. The
display should read 20.0 ±.5 dB and 2 4T. Press key [9] again. The display should
read 30.0 ±.5 dB and 3 4T.

4.9 AUTO CALIBRATE (Up to version 7* only)

Note: See ¶7.2, Display 5 to determine the software installed in the AM5XT/eXT
being used.
The AM5XT/eXT was calibrated at the factory for proper measurement accuracy by
loading certain values into internal RAM. RAM is maintained by a small internal
“super cap” (1 farad capacitor) with 30-day life. As long as the AM5XT/eXT is
connected to commercial power at least once each 30 days or if equipped with
the internal battery option, the RAM “super cap” will retain its charge indefinitely.
If the unit is not equipped with the internal battery option and is not connected to
commercial power for 30 days or more, the unit will require recalibration. This
is easily accomplished in the field. As part of the power-on self-test, the unit
automatically diagnoses itself and informs the operator of the need for
recalibration.

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Self-Test and Operation Techniques (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

If during the power-on self-test, the display indicates AUTO CAL?, proceed as
follows:
1. Remove all input leads.
2. Press the [AUX] key to enter AUX mode.
3. Press the [#] key.
4. Press the [D] key.
The unit will go through an auto-calibration process wherein the send/receive
pairs are internally looped. The internal signal generator sends 6 different levels
at 1004 Hz plus 1 level at PAR while the measurement circuitry calibrates itself.
This process takes approximately 30 seconds, following which the unit reverts to
normal operation.

4.10 CALIBRATION CHECK (Up to version 7* only)

When desired, the AM5XT/eXT can be forced into auto-calibration any time by
entering AUX mode and pressing the [#] key and the [ENTER] or [D] key. Make
certain that all input leads are disconnected during auto-calibration or erroneous
calibration will result.

4.11 CALIBRATION (Version 8* and up)

AM5XT/eXTs with version 8 and up software allow for complete field calibration
using only a high accuracy digital voltmeter. The voltmeter must read out in AC
Volts RMS and be accurate at 1000 Hz within .4%. Minimum input impedance
should be 200 kΩ.
CAUTION: Do not enable the FULL CAL unless you have a high accuracy digital
!
voltmeter available. Corruption of calibration will result.

1. Disconnect all input leads from the AM5XT/eXT.

2. Connect the leads of the voltmeter to T1 and R1 either on the front right
Bantam jack or rear terminal screws.
3. Press the [AUX] key to enter the AUX mode.
4. Press the [#] key. The display reads AUTO CAL?
5. Press the [#] key again. The display reads FULL CAL?

October 17, 2000 0022-S04.G_ 212

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Self-Test and Operation Techniques

6. Press any key (other than [D]) to abort the FULL CAL?
7. Toggle DIP Switch 5 to enable the FULL CAL?
8. Press the [D, ENTER] key. The display reads V1 on the left and four
dashes on the right. The PARAM SET LED is lit.
9. Enter the voltage shown on the voltmeter, with the decimal. The PARAM
SET LED blinks. The voltage should be larger than 1.200 and smaller than
2.600. Larger or smaller readings cannot be entered. If the reading is
outside this range, the unit must be repaired. Press the [D, ENTER] key to
enter the reading. The PARAM SET LED remains lit.
10. Press the [D, ENTER] key. The display reads V2 on the left and four
dashes on the right.
11. Enter the voltage shown on the voltmeter, with the decimal. The PARAM
SET LED blinks. The voltage should be larger than 0.250 and smaller than
0.450. Larger or smaller readings cannot be entered. If the reading is
outside this range, the unit must be repaired. Press the [D, ENTER] key to
enter the reading. The PARAM SET LED remains lit.
12. Press the [D, ENTER] key. The display is blank on the left and reads CAL?
on the right. The PARAM SET LED goes out.
13. Disconnect the voltmeter from the AM5XT/eXT.
14. Press the [D, ENTER] key. The unit begins to calibrate itself. This
process takes approximately 4 minutes. After calibration is completed,
the unit goes into operating mode and is ready for use.

4.12 PARAMETER SET

The Parameter Set mode is used with Send and Measure functions to
change/adjust the signal level, variable frequency, and sweep parameters. To
enter Parameter Set mode:
1. Press the [SEND] or [MEAS] key to enable the Send or Measure function
row.
2. Press [D].

0022-S04.G_ 212 October 17, 2000

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Self-Test and Operation Techniques (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

3. The PARAM SET LED lights. Press [D] to step to the next parameter.
Press [C] to step to the previous parameter.
It is important to note that the PARAM SET LED indicates the state of the values
entered/changed:
• If the PARAM SET LED is ON, the value displayed is entered into the
AM5XT/eXT. The value can be changed with the number keys, or in
increments with the up and down arrow keys.
• If the PARAM SET LED is BLINKING, the value displayed has been changed
but not entered. Press [D] to enter or press [C] to cancel the value and
revert to the previous value.
• If the PARAM SET LED is OFF, all values have been entered and the user
is able to begin testing
To exit Parameter Set mode, press the [SEND] or [MEAS] key again.

4.13 DATA DISPLAYS

Data Displays are accessed by pressing the same key that is used to enable the
function. For example, RETURN LOSS has three types of white-noise test tones.
Refer to ¶7.8, Displays 1, 2, and 3.
1. Press the [SEND] key.
2. Press [7] to select Echo Return Loss (ErL).
3. Press [7] again to select Singing Return Loss-Lo (SrLL).
4. Press [7] again to select Singing Return Loss-Hi (SrLH).
5. Press [7] again to return to Echo Return Loss (ErL).

October 17, 2000 0022-S04.G_ 212

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Connection & Configuration

5. CONNECTION AND CONFIGURATION INSTRUCTIONS

5.1 INTRODUCTION
This section describes the AM5XT/eXT connections and configurations made in
preparation for testing. It is divided into the following paragraphs:
5.2 General
5.3 Connectors and Cables
5.4 Line Termination Impedances
5.5 Configurations
In ¶5.5, basic operating instructions are given for testing with the Western
Electric 829 loopback device, and also with Ameritec Responders.

5.2 GENERAL
Low-Level Measurements
Power the AM5XT/eXT with batteries when making a low-level noise
measurement. Do not use AC power for this test because interference from the
AC source can affect the measurement.
Independent Send and Measure Modes
The Send, Measure, and Filter modes of the AM5XT/eXT operate independently.
Almost any combination of Send, Measure, or Filter can be selected. However,
depending on the setup, the resulting measurements may or may not be valid.
For example, a 1004 Hz holding tone must be sent for various measure modes,
and a PAR waveform must be sent when PAR is measured. If the 1004 Hz tone or
PAR waveform were not present in the corresponding measurement, the
measurement would not be valid. The AM5XT/eXT configuration (see ¶5.5)
determines in what part of the system the signals need to be sent and measured.
The correct Send, Measure, and Filter modes are indicated for each test described
in the operating instructions of Sections 7 and 8.

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Connection & Configuration (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

5.3 CONNECTORS AND CABLES

See Figures 3-2 and 3-3 for illustrations of the AM5XT/eXT connectors and cables.
Note that some cables are standard and others are optional. Connect the
appropriate cable(s) described in this paragraph according to the desired
application.
AC Operation
Connect the power cord (supplied) to the three-pronged connector on the rear
panel of the unit. Connect the other end into a standard 115 or 230 VAC wall
socket. Note that positioning of the red 115/230 switch near the AC connector on
the unit for proper setting.
CAUTION: Severe damage will occur to the unit if set for 115 VAC and connected
!
to the 230 VAC power.

Printer Cables
There are two (2) types of cables used with printers. The 48-0095 is used with the
AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer. The 48-0078 is used to connect to most other 25-pin
female serial EIA printers. There is also a 48-0083 cable used to connect an EIA
Serial ASCII type device to the AUX port of the AM5XT/eXT.
Figure 5-1 shows the connections for the AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer.

October 17, 2000 0022-S05.G_ 218

5-2
AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Connection & Configuration

115 VAC
WALL JACK

AM-47XT
HAND-HELD PRINTER

AC ADAPTER
(70-0029) 6 FT
PA
PE
R
CU
TT
ER
H
A
mND-H
A
er E
iteLD
c PRIN
PA VA
AD
PE NC

TE
R E
OF
PO

R
F
W

•
ER ON

PO

M
W

od
ER

el
9V IN

A
DC

M
-4
7
SIG IN

SIG
NA
L

NA
L

PRINTER CABLE
(48-0095) 3 FT

NOTE: LINE CONNECTION CABLES NOT SHOWN

RS232

AM5XT
(REAR VIEW)

Figure 5-1. AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer Connection with AC Power

See ¶13.1 for operating instructions for printing.

0022-S05.G_ 218 October 17, 2000

5-3
Connection & Configuration (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Line Connection Cables

There are three (3) Bantam cables illustrated in Figure 5-2 that are used for line
connections. Use these cables as required to connect the AM5XT/eXT to 2-wire or
4-wire lines.

BANTAM PLUG CABLE 48-0047, 6 FT.

310 PLUG

BANTAM PLUG CABLE 48-0048, 6 FT.

GREEN R

RED T
BANTAM PLUG CABLE 48-0062, 6 FT.
BLACK S

Figure 5-2. AM5XT/eXT Connection Cables

Note: The rear panel screw terminals and Bantam jacks are wired in parallel,
resulting in the identical connection by using either type.

AM5XT/eXT Interface with Line Connections

The state of the Line Reverse LED determines the connection of the AM5XT/eXT
internal circuitry to the 2-Wire or 4-Wire lines. The connections for the different
settings are listed below:
2W Connects together the internal measurement circuitry and signal
generator across the 2-Wire line at the TX jack. The signal generator
source impedance of 135Ω, 600Ω, 900Ω, or 1200Ω (determined by
the line selections) terminates the line in all signal generator modes
except OPEN.
4W Connects the internal measurement circuitry to the RX pair and the
internal signal generator to the TX pair.
REV Send and receive pairs (as defined above) are reversed.
AM5XT/eXT is Polarity Sensitive
It does not matter which way the Send pair or the Receive pair of contacts are
connected. The Send T and R can be interchanged without affecting the
measurement. Also, the Receive T1 and R1 could be switched without changing
the measurement.

October 17, 2000 0022-S05.G_ 218

5-4
AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Connection & Configuration

5.4 LINE TERMINATION IMPEDANCES

It is important that the line(s) be properly terminated with a matching impedance.
This paragraph gives instructions for terminating lines with 135Ω, 600Ω, 900Ω,
or 1200Ω impedance.
To terminate the line(s) correctly:
1. Choose either terminate or bridge mode:
A. Select terminate mode or
B. Select bridge mode and terminate the line with some other device
(such as a modem) of proper impedance.
2. Set the transmit and receive impedances to match those of the circuit
under test.

5.5 CONFIGURATIONS
There are three basic AM5XT/eXT configurations to test 2-Wire and 4-Wire
telephone and data communication lines:
1. End-to-end – requiring two AM5XT/eXTs
2. Loopback
3. Testing with responders
This paragraph describes the different configurations, explains how they are
used, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages.
Note: End-to-End and responder testing applies to either 2-Wire or 4-Wire.
Loopback testing only applies to 4-Wire.

End-to-End Testing
Measurements on telephone transmission lines are usually made by applying an
appropriate signal at one end of the transmission line and then measuring the
results at the other end of the line. This configuration requires a test set at each
end of the line and is called “end-to-end” testing. Figure 5-3 shows a 4-Wire
end-to-end configuration, making measurements over a telephone network that
normally connects two modems.

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5-5
Connection & Configuration (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Telephone
AM-5XT Network AM-5XT
RCV <RCV> <SND> XMIT DTE
CPU XMIT <SND> <RCV> RCV
MODEM
MODEM

Figure 5-3. 4-Wire End-to-End Testing

Each AM5XT/eXT both sends and receives signals, sending a signal over the TX
pair of lines, and measuring the signal received over the RX pair of lines.
End-to-End testing can also be done over 2-Wire lines. The AM5XT/eXT on one
end sends a signal and the AM5XT/eXT on the other end measures the received
signal. End-to-End testing is necessary to perform Envelope Delay
measurements.
End-to-End testing is the most reliable for characterizing the near-to-far
impairments, but it has the disadvantage of requiring two test sets and an operator
at each test site.
Loopback Testing
The distant end of a 4-wire transmission line can be looped back (1) manually or
(2) with a commandable loopback device such as the Western Electric Model
829. The AM5XT/eXT at the near end sends a signal which travels to the distant
end where it makes a U-turn and travels back to the AM5XT/eXT which measures
the received signal.
The advantage of this configuration is that it requires only one (1) operator and a
test set at a central site. Although this method is more convenient and less costly
than end-to-end testing, it is also less reliable. The disadvantage is that it does
not characterize transmission impairments in each direction. Instead of detecting
impairments, a loopback measurement could actually cover them up. An
apparently satisfactory loopback measurement may contain impairments in each
direction which cancel each other. This method of testing may be useful
however, providing its limitations are recognized.
Note: A loopback test can not be done on 2-wire because signals can not be
sent and measured simultaneously on the same pair of lines.

October 17, 2000 0022-S05.G_ 218

5-6
AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Connection & Configuration

To do a loopback test with a Western Electric Model 829:

1. Connect the AM5XT/eXT at the near end of the 4-wire line under test.
2. Momentarily press “Loop Back” (Send/C) to send a 2713 Hz (or whatever
is the necessary loopback tone) tone over the TX line. This trips the
distant Model 829 into loopback.
3. Send the desired test signal with the AM5XT/eXT and make the desired
measurement of the looped-back signal.
4. After testing is finished, momentarily press “Loop Back” to restore the
Model 829 to its normal, transparent state.
Testing with Responders
Using multifunction responders has most of the advantages of end-to-end testing
with the added advantage of not requiring an AM5XT/eXT at the far end of the
system. This configuration is similar to loopback testing except that the
responder can generate signals in addition to looping back. Unlike a dedicated
loopback device, responders can be used in 2-wire far-to-near testing.
On 4-wire circuits, a DTMF commandable responder, such as the Ameritec Model
AM3-4, may be placed permanently at the distant modem, where it remains
transparent until commanded by DTMF signals sent from the AM5XT/eXT at the
central site. In addition to performing loopback, the responder can send various
tones. This allows far-to-near tests as well as loopback tests.
Example: 4-wire far-to-near and loopback tests for level and frequency with an
Ameritec AM3-4A or AM3-4B Responder:
1. Connect an AM5XT/eXT to the near end of a 4-wire facility, and an
Ameritec AM3-4A or AM3-4B Responder at the far end. A typical
configuration is illustrated in Figure 5-4.
Loopback, Quiet,
Send Tones,
Amputate
AM-5XT
RCV <RCV> XMIT DTE
CPU XMIT <SND> RCV
MODEM
MODEM
Telephone
Network
AM3-4A
Responder
Figure 5-4. 4-Wire Testing with Responder

0022-S05.G_ 218 October 17, 2000

5-7
Connection & Configuration (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

2. Use AM5XT/eXT “TT” digits to send the appropriate DTMF command

sequence to command the responder into milliwatt mode (responder
generates 1004 Hz, 0 dBm signal). Measure received signal and note level
and frequency.
3. Use AM5XT/eXT “TT” digits to send the appropriate DTMF command
sequence to command the responder into loopback.
4. Use AM5XT/eXT to send 1004 Hz tone at 0 dBm. Measure loopback
received level and frequency.
5. Use AM5XT/eXT “TT” digits to send DTMF command sequence to restore
responder to normal.
On a 2-wire network, dial access responders are very useful in measuring far-to-
near characteristics. An Ameritec AM3-2C Responder (automatic milliwatt) or
AM3-2A Responder can be dialed up over the network path under test using the
AM5XT/eXT keypad. It can then be commanded with touch tone from the
AM5XT/eXT to make level measurements or send tones. The AM3-2C can perform
far-to-near level and frequency, idle channel noise, and noise with tone. In
addition to the AM3-2C functions, the AM3-2A can also perform far-to-near gain
slope and near-to-far level. A typical configuration is illustrated in Figure 5-5.
MW

AM3-2 AM3-2
LOCAL
2W RESPONDER
CO
2W RESPONDER
AM-5XT
<SND>
CO

AM-5XT PBX
TIE
PBX
<SND>

TELEPHONE NETWORK
FX

DISTANT
CO
MW

Figure 5-5. 2-Wire Testing with Responder

October 17, 2000 0022-S05.G_ 218

5-8
AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Line Functions

6. LINE FUNCTIONS
6.1 INTRODUCTION
LINE Functions determine the condition of the interface of the AM5XT/eXT with
the 2- or 4-wire telephone line connected for test.
Some Line Functions are color-coded per the line pair to which the function is
applied:
GREEN (TX/2W) = 2-wire pair, or 4-wire transmit pair: T, R
BLUE (RX) = 4-wire receive pair: T1, R1
Other Line Functions are color-coded to match the type of connection enabled:
GRAY = 2-wire or 4-wire normal connection
BLACK = 2-wire or 4-wire with connections reversed (T, R becomes T1, R1
and vice versa)
Note: The color coding of the Line Functions matches the color coding of the
labels of the Line Bantam Jacks (see items 2 and 3 in Figure 3-1).
See Figure 6-1 for instructions to select the desired Line Function.

Figure 6-1. Procedure to Enable Line Functions

Unlike the Send and Measure Functions, there are no displays associated with
Line Functions. The status of the Line Functions is completely determined by
the condition of the Line Function LEDs. Also, unlike the Send and Measure
Functions, more than one Line Function LED will be on at the same time.

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Line Functions (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

In this section, the Function enable Key for each Line Function is shown
enclosed in a square . For example, 8 600Ω indicates that key [8] is pressed
to connect 600Ω to the receive pair, RX (T1, R1), when the line is terminated
(BRDG LED off).
Paragraphs in this section are listed below:
6.2 General Line Function Notes
6.3 Generator Source Impedances
6.4 OFF HK (Send Pair Off-Hook/On Hook)
6.5 Termination Impedances
6.6 OFF HK (Receive Pair Off-Hook/On Hook)
6.7 BRDG (Receive Pair Bridged/Terminated)
6.8 2W (2-Wire)
6.9 4W (4-Wire)
6.10 REV (Reversed

6.2 GENERAL LINE FUNCTION NOTES

Note: Line functions enabled are stored/recalled separate from other front panel
functions. See ¶11.2.
Line Circuits Block Diagrams
See Figures 6-2 and 6-3. For reverse (REV), note that the RX (T1, R1) and TX (T,
R) pair are reversed, as indicated in the black-background labeling under the front
panel Bantam jacks.

October 17, 2000 0022-S06.G_ 231

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Line Functions

RCV

200KΩ 200KΩ

*STANDARD
67.5* FOR AM5XT NTG

T 300Ω
SIGNAL
GENERATOR
QUIET
ELECTRONIC 450Ω
OPEN
LINE HOLD
CIRCUIT 600Ω

RING
TX/2W DETECTOR 67.5*

ON / OFF 300Ω
HOOK
SWITCH
450Ω

R 600Ω
IMPEDANCE SELECT

Figure 6-2. 2-Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram

T1
RCV
ELECTRONIC
LINE HOLD 135* 600Ω 900Ω 1200
CIRCUIT

RX

ON / OFF BRIDGE
HOOK TERMINATE
SWITCH

R1
IMPEDANCE
SELECT
200KΩ 200KΩ

NTG
*STANDARD
FOR AM5XT
67.5*

300Ω
SIGNAL
ELECTRONIC GENERATOR
450Ω QUIET
LINE HOLD OPEN
CIRCUIT
600Ω

RING
TX DETECTOR 67.5*

300Ω
ON / OFF
HOOK
SWITCH 450Ω

600Ω
IMPEDANCE SELECT

Figure 6-3. 4-Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram

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Line Impedances
The Transmit Pair, TX (T, R), and Receive Pair, RX (T1, R1), each have four (4)
impedances from which to select:
135Ω (150Ω for AM5eXT)
600Ω
900Ω
1200Ω
Line Function Enable Keys [1] thru [4] and [7] thru [0] are used to select the line
impedances. The LEDs of the selected line impedances will be on.
Note: The dBm and dBrn readings are always calculated based on the
AM5XT/eXT RX line impedance selected, even when the RX pair is
bridged. The internal microprocessor takes the internal voltage and
calculates the reading using the formula:
dBm = 10 log (E 2 x 1000)
R
Where: R = selected RX line impedance
E = measured voltage
The receive pair, RX (T1, R1), of a 4-wire circuit under test is terminated with the
selected RX impedance only when the line is terminated (BRDG LED off) – see
below and ¶6.7 concerning the Bridge/Terminate Line Function.
When sending a test tone, the transmit line TX/2W (T, R), is always terminated
because the selected source impedance for the signal generator terminates the
line. The transmit line is bridged only when the SEND function is OPEN (signal
generator is disconnected). Likewise, a 2-wire line is bridged only when the
SEND function is OPEN.
DC Line Hold (On-Hook/Off-Hook)
The TX/2W (T, R) and RX (T1, R1) lines have separate DC hold circuits. The hold
circuits are electronic equivalents of a line hold coil. Key [5] is used to
connect/disconnect the TX/2W (T, R) line hold circuit, while key [*] is used to
connect/disconnect the RX (T1, R1) line hold circuit. With DC hold on (OFF HK
LED on), the circuit connects a 200Ω DC path across T and R (or T1 and R1) which
presents a high impedance path (>50 kΩ) to AC signals.

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Bridge/Terminate
The RX (T1, R1) line pair can be either bridged or terminated, using key [#].
For 4-wire circuits, “terminated” means that the RX (T1, R1) line is terminated by
the selected AM5XT/eXT RX impedance. “Bridged” (not terminated) means that
the AM5XT/eXT presents a high impedance (>50 kΩ) to the RX (T1, R1) line under
test. When in bridged mode, the RX (T1, R1) line must be terminated by a device
external to the AM5XT/eXT. The TX (T1, R1) line is always terminated unless the
SEND function is OPEN.
In 2-wire mode, (2W LED on), the line will only be bridged when the OPEN send
mode is enabled, in which case the signal generator is disconnected.
Note: A line under test is terminated be either an external impedance or the
AM5XT/eXT. Do not terminate the line both externally and with the
AM5XT/eXT.

2W, 4W, REV (2-Wire, 4-Wire, Reversed)

Keys [B] and [C] are used to select the type of line (2-wire or 4-wire) connected
to the AM5XT/eXT. Key [D] is used to conveniently reverse the connections.
When Reversed, TX/2W (T, R) becomes RX (T1, R1) and vice versa.
Line Connections (for normal non-reversed operation)
4-Wire Circuits
Front Panel Connection:
• Connect the receive pair (over which the AM5XT/eXT receives
signals) to the RX Bantam jack.
• Connect the send (transmit) pair (over which the AM5XT/eXT
sends signals) to the TX/2W Bantam jack.
Rear Panel Connection:
• Connect the receive pair (over which the AM5XT/eXT receives
signals) to the T1 and R1 screw terminals.
• Connect the send (transmit) pair (over which the AM5XT/eXT
sends signals) to the T and R screw terminals.

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2-Wire Circuits
Front Panel Connection:
• Connect the pair to the TX/2W Bantam jack.
Rear Panel Connection:
• Connect the pair to the T and R screw terminals.

6.3 GENERATOR SOURCE IMPEDANCES (Transmit Pair)

The front panel labels are color-coded green for each of the possible generator
source impedances. The choices are listed below, along with their Function
Enable Keys:
1 135Ω (150Ω for AM5eXT)
2 600Ω
3 900Ω
1200Ω
4

One of the associated LEDs will be on to indicate which of these impedances has
been selected for AM5XT/eXT signal generator. The selected source impedance is
connected to the transmit pair, TX (T, R), as indicated in Figures 6-2 and 6-3.
Note that half of the impedance is connected to each side of the line.
When the Send Function is set to QUIET, the signal generator is disconnected and
the Transmit pair, TX (T, R), is terminated with the selected source impedance.
When the Send Function is set to OPEN, both the signal generator and the
selected generator source impedance are disconnected from the TX (T, R) pair.

6.4 5 OFF HK (Send Pair Off-Hook/On-Hook)

OFF HK LED ON
Off-hook condition with DC path (>50 kΩ AC path) across transmit pair, TX (T, R),
equivalent to 200Ω holding coil.
OFF HK LED OFF
On-hook condition with holding coil disconnected.

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6.5 TERMINATION IMPEDANCES (Receive Pair)

The front panel labels are color-coded blue for each of the possible termination
impedances. The choices are listed below, along with their Function Enable
Keys:
7 135Ω (150Ω for AM5eXT)
8 600Ω
9 900Ω
1200Ω
0

One of the associated LEDs will be on to indicate which of these impedances has
been selected for the receive pair, RX (T1, R1).
With the BRDG LED off (RX terminated), the selection termination impedance is
connected across the receive pair, RX (T1, R1), as indicated in Figures 6-2 and
6-3. With the BRDG LED on, RX becomes high impedance (no termination).
With the BRDG LED on (RX bridged), set the RX impedance to the same value as
the external termination impedance on the receive pair, RX (T1, R1). This setting
is used to tell the AM5XT/eXT microprocessor the value of the external termination
impedance so that it can calculate the proper measure reading. The formula is
given in ¶6.2 under “Line Impedances”.

6.6 * OFF HK (Receive Pair Off-Hook/On-Hook)

OFF HK LED ON
Off-hook condition with DC path (>50 kΩ AC path) across receive pair, RX (T1,
R1), equivalent to 200Ω holding coil.
OFF HK LED OFF
On-hook condition with holding coil disconnected.

6.7 # BRDG (Receive Pair Bridged/Terminated)

BRDG LED ON
High impedance bridge (>50 kΩ) across receive pair, RX (T1, R1).

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BRDG LED OFF

Receive pair, RX (T1, R1), terminated by impedance selected per ¶6.5.

6.8 B 2W (2-Wire)
This function is color-coded gray on the front panel.
2W LED ON
Transmit pair TX (T, R), is connected to both the signal generator (send) and the
measure (receive) circuits, as shown in Figure 6-2.

6.9 C 4W (4-Wire)
This function is color-coded gray on the front panel.
4W LED ON
Transmit pair TX (T, R), is connected to the signal generator and receive pair, RX
(T1, R1), is connected to the measure (receive) circuitry.
Tone Ringer, Incoming Ring
With this feature enabled, a ringback tone will be heard from the AM5XT/eXT
speaker when a ringing voltage appears across the transmit pair, TX (T, R).
To enable the tone ringer, press the appropriate keys on the front panel to enable
4W and OPEN:
1. With LINE LED on, press [C]. 4W LED will light.
2. With SEND LED on, press [0]. OPEN LED will light.

6.10 D REV (Reversed)

This function is color-coded black on the front panel.
REV LED ON
Transmit pair TX (T, R), and receive pair, RX (T1, R1), connections reversed
compared to the connections listed in ¶6.8 and ¶6.9. Note labeling with black
background under front panel Bantam jacks, which indicates this connection
reversal.

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7. SEND FUNCTIONS
7.1 INTRODUCTION
The AM5XT/eXT contains a highly flexible signal generator capable of generating
a variety of test tones which are applied to the Transmit (TX) pair.
SEND refers to the signal generator condition applied to the TX pair of the line
under test. See Figure 7-1 for instructions to select the desired Send Function.
Note that SEND Functions are color-coded GREEN.

Figure 7-1. Procedure to Enable Send Functions

In this section, the paragraph heading for each Send Function shows its Function
Enable Key enclosed in a square . For example, 1 QUIET indicates that key
[1] is pressed to select QUIET Send mode. DATA and PARAMETER DISPLAY
information is also provided. Section 4 explains how the DATA and PARAMETER
DISPLAYs are accessed and used.
To access the level display:
1. Press the [SEND] key.
2. Press any Send Function Enable key.
3. Press [D] to access Set Level Display (first PARAMETER DISPLAY).

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Remember that when the level value is changed, it changes the level for all SEND
signals, except for dialed tones (see Display 4, ¶7.2, for PARAMETER DISPLAY to
set Touch Tone level). When power is turned off, the send level always defaults
to 00.0 dBm. The level for dialed tones, however, is stored in non-volatile
memory.

7.2 1 QUIET

The signal generator is disconnected from the TX line and the line is quiet
terminated with a passive resistance equal to the TX line impedance selected per
¶6.3.
Miscellaneous PARAMETER DISPLAYs
Parameters are set and information is displayed here that is of a general nature or
can not be conveniently implemented elsewhere. Note that these displays are not
related to the QUIET mode.
Display 2

Set Level -50 dBm to 10.0 dBm

(for other send functions) (Default = 00.0 dBm)
Set Level for send functions. Note that Level does not have meaning for
QUIET mode.
Display 3

Set loopback frequency 0.020 kHz to 200 kHz

(Momentary auxiliary tone) (Factory Setting = 2.713 kHz)
Set frequency for Loop Back Tone, sent by pressing [C]. See ¶7.15.

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Display 4

Set Touch Tone -50 dBm to 7.0 dBm

(and MF) Level (Default = 0.0 dBm)
Set level for DTMF (Touch Tone) or MF tones dialed. See ¶10.1 concerning
dialing.
Displays 5 & 6

Software Version Information Only

of the Main Unit Display

Software Version of Information Only Display

the Digital Signal 255 = DSP not included
Processor (DSP)
These displays indicate the present software installed.

7.3 2 1004 Hz
The signal generator outputs a continuous 1004 Hz sine wave to the TX pair.
DATA DISPLAY

Level/1.004 kHz being sent

PARAMETER DISPLAY

Set Level -50 dBm to 10.0 dBm

(Default = 00.0 dBm)
Level is adjustable with the PARAMETER DISPLAY.

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7.4 3 VAR HZ (Variable Tone)

The signal generator outputs a sine wave tone to the TX pair.
DATA DISPLAY

Level/Frequency being sent

PARAMETER DISPLAYS

Set Level -50 dBm to 10.0 dBm

(Default = 00.0 dBm)

Set Frequency 0.020 kHz to 200 kHz

(Default = 1.004 kHz)
Level and Frequency are adjustable with the PARAMETER DISPLAYS.

7.5 4 SLOPE
The signal generator outputs:
1. AM5eXT Four tones: 1004 Hz, 2003 Hz, 3004 Hz, and 304 Hz in a
repetitive cycle.
This sequence of tones is used for multiple-point gain/slope measurements, i.e., a
plot of transmission loss vs. frequency at four points.

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DATA DISPLAY

Level/Frequency steps Press [4] to restart

through tones as set sequence at 1.004 kHz
by parameters
PARAMETER DISPLAYS

Set Level -50 dBm to 10.0 dBm

(Default = 00.0 dBm)

Set Duration of each tone 00.2 sec to 999.9 sec

(Default = 5.0 sec)
Level and Rate (duration of each tone) are adjustable with the PARAMETER
DISPLAYS.

7.6 5 SWEEP
The signal generator sweeps through a series of frequencies. With factory
default parameter settings, the sweep starts at 0.204 kHz and increases in 0.100 kHz
steps every one second, until 5.004 kHz is reached, at which time the sweep starts
again at 0.204 kHz.

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DATA DISPLAY

Level/Frequency steps Press [5] to restart

through tones as set sweep sequence
by parameters

PARAMETER DISPLAYS

Set Level -50 dBm to 10.0 dBm

(Default = 00.0 dBm)

Set start frequency 0.20 kHz to 200.0 kHz

(Start of sweep) (Default = 0.204 kHz)

Set stop frequency 0.20 kHz to 200.0 kHz

(End of sweep) (Default = 5.004 kHz)

Set step size 0.020 kHz to 200 kHz

(Default = 0.100 kHz)

Set Duration of each tone 00.1 sec to 999.9 sec

(Default = 1.0 sec)

Set additional dwell 00.1 sec to 999.9 sec

inserted before and (Default = 1.0 sec)
after sweep sequence
All parameters are adjustable with the PARAMETER DISPLAYS, including the
Level and Delay Time (inserted before and after the sweep sequence).

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7.7 6 PAR (Peak-to-Average Ratio)

The signal generator outputs 16 specific frequencies simultaneously per Bell
41009 specification. This composite test tone is used for a P/AR (peak-to-
average) measurement.
DATA DISPLAY

P/AR being sent level

PARAMETER DISPLAY

Set Level -50 dBm to 00.0 dBm

(Default = 00.0 dBm)
The composite Level is adjustable with the PARAMETER DISPLAY.

7.8 7 RET LOSS (Return Loss)

The signal generator outputs shaped, white-noise test tones, used in the Return
Loss measurement mode (¶8.9). Three (3) measurements are made using these
tones, each with its characteristic test tone band.

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DATA DISPLAYS

Level/ERL

Level/SRL-Low

Level/SRL-High

PARAMETER DISPLAY

Set Level -10.0 dBm to -02.0 dBm

(Default = -02.0 dBm)

1. Echo Return Loss (ERL), with white noise test tone band-limited (3 dB
points at 560 Hz and 1965 Hz).
2. Singing Return Loss LO (SRLL), white noise test tone band-limited to
exclude high frequency components (3 dB points at 260 Hz and 500 Hz).
3. Singing Return Loss HI (SRLH), white noise test tone band-limited to
exclude low frequency components (3 dB points at 2200 Hz and 3400 Hz).
Enable the appropriate DATA DISPLAY to send the respective Return Loss test
tone.
Level is adjustable with the PARAMETER DISPLAY.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Send Functions

7.9 8 ENV DLY (Envelope Delay) (AM5XT ONLY)

An Envelope Delay test measures the non-linearities in the phase response of a
line. A transmission test set is required at each end of the circuit to be measured.
There are two (2) types of send signals generated with an Envelope Delay test:
1. A Sweep series of carrier frequencies, usually from 200 Hz to 4000 Hz,
modulated by 83-1/3 Hz.
2. A constant carrier Reference Frequency, usually 1800 Hz, also
modulated by 83-1/3 Hz.
One or the other of these signals is generated from both the near-end and far-end
test set.
The displays listed are identified by number for ease of reference.

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DATA DISPLAYS 1

Sweep Mode. Test signal Press [8] twice to restart

level/frequency sweep sequence
2

Reference Frequency.
Level being sent

PARAMETER DISPLAYS 3

Set Level -40.0 dBm to 10.0 dBm

(Default = 0.0 dBm)
4A

Normal Mode
Press [0] to enable.
4B

Repeat Mode
Press [1] to enable.
4C

Hold Mode
Press [2] to enable.

Displays 4A, 4B, and 4C can also be accessed from the Measure Display
PARAMETER DISPLAY LIST (see ¶8-10).
Note: Displays 4A, 4B, and 4C show the three possible selections for the mode
parameter. These displays are enabled by pressing keys [0], [1], and [2],
respectively, or by using the up or down arrow key.

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PARAMETER DISPLAYS 5

Set reference frequency 0.200 kHz to 4.000 kHz

(Default = 1.800 kHz)
6

Set start frequency 0.200 kHz to 4.000 kHz

of test signals (Default = 0.200 kHz)
7

Set stop frequency 0.200 kHz to 4.000 kHz

of test signals (Default = 4.000 kHz)
8

Set step size .000 kHz to 4.000 kHz

(Default = 0.100 kHz)
9

Set Duration of each tone 0.1 sec to 999.9 sec

(Default = 3.0 sec)
10

Set dwell inserted before 0 to 999.9 sec

and after sweep sequence (Default = 0.0 sec)
See ¶8.10 for Setup and Test Procedures, including both Send and Measure
functions.

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7.10 8 GROUP DLY (Group Delay) (AM5eXT ONLY)

A Group Delay test measures the non-linearities in the phase response of a line.
A transmission test set is required at each end of the circuit to be measured. Test
signals are generated over a 2-wire circuit from the test set on one end, and the
Group Delay is measured on the other end. See ¶8.11 for Measure functions and
Test Procedure.
With a Group Delay test, there are two (2) types of send signals which are
alternately generated for 120ms:
• A constant carrier Reference Frequency, usually 1800 Hz, modulated by
41-2/3 Hz.
• A Sweep series of carrier frequencies, usually from 200 Hz to 20 kHz, also
modulated by 41-2/3 Hz.
The displays listed are identified by number for ease of reference. Display 1
indicates the level and frequency of the Sweep carrier frequency being set at the
time. With factory default parameter settings, the Sweep starts at 0.200 kHz and
increases in 0.100 kHz steps every 3 seconds until 20.00 kHz is reached, at which
time the Sweep starts again at 0.200 kHz.
DATA DISPLAY 1

Sweep test signal Press [8] to restart

Level/Frequency sweep sequence

All parameters are adjustable with the PARAMETER DISPLAYS, including the
Level, Reference Frequency, and Delay Time (inserted before and after the
sweep sequence.

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PARAMETER DISPLAYS 2

Set Level -50 dBm to 10.0 dBm

(Default = 00.0 dBm)
3

Set reference frequency 0.200 kHz to 20.00 kHz

(Default = 1.800 kHz)
4

Set start frequency 0.200 kHz to 20.00 kHz

of test signals (Default = 0.200 kHz)
5

Set stop frequency 0.200 kHz to 20.00 kHz

of test signals (Default = 20.00 kHz)
6

Set step size 0.000 kHz to 20.00 kHz

(Default = 0.100 kHz)
7

Set Duration of each tone 0.1 sec to 999.9 sec

(Default = 3.0 sec)
8

Set dwell, inserted before 0.0 to 999.9 sec

and after sweep sequence (Default = 0.0 sec)

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7.11 9 IMD (Intermodulation Distortion*)

* Licensed under U.S. Patent #3,862,380.
Definition. Intermodulation Distortion is also known as “Non-Linear Distortion”
or “4-Tone Test”. Intermodulation Distortion is signal component generation
that is produced from the transmitted signal and adds to the transmitted signal.
These additional signal components are usually undesirable.
Send Signals. Three (3) types of signals are used with the Intermodulation
Distortion test. See ¶8.12 for the Test Procedure that explains how these signals
are used.
The Intermodulation Distortion send displays are numbered for ease of reference.
DATA DISPLAYS 1

4-tone "IMD" signal level

2

Test signal level (for calibration)

3

2-tone signal/noise check signal level

The send signals are described below:

1. 4-Tone Signal. This test signal is composed of four (4) tones, all at the
same level, as described below:
• Two (2) tones are 6 Hz apart, centered at 860 Hz.
• Two (2) tones are 16 Hz apart, centered at 1380 Hz.
The 4-Tone Signal is sent when Display 1 is enabled.

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2. Calibration Test Signal. This is a special signal used to self-test the

calibration of the AM5XT/eXT when the unit is looped back on itself (send,
TX, connected directly to receive, RX). This signal is composed of the 4
tones listed above, plus additional tones which represent second and third
order intermodulation products. The Calibration Test Signal is sent
when Display 2 is enabled.
3. 2-Tone Signal. This signal is composed of two (2) of the tones listed
under 4-Tone Signal (those centered at 860 Hz). The 2-Tone Signal is sent
when Display 3 is enabled.
PARAMETER DISPLAY

Set Level -40.0 dBm to 0.0 dBm

(Default = 0.0 dBm)

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7.12 0 OPEN
Similar to QUIET (¶7.2) mode, but completely disconnects the signal generator
from the transmit line. For this mode, the transmit line is not terminated by the
generator impedance.
DATA DISPLAY

"Open"

PARAMETER DISPLAY

Set Level -50.0 dBm to 10.0 dBm

(Default = 0.0 dBm)

7.13 A SF SKIP (Signaling Frequency Skip)

SF SKIP is used to avoid sending tones in the “signaling frequency” band to avoid
knocking down a long distance dialed circuit. SF SKIP is an ON/OFF toggle used
in connection with the VAR HZ, SWEEP, and ENVELOPE (or GROUP) DELAY
modes.
With the SF SKIP LED on, the signal generator cannot be set to send frequencies
in the band 2450 Hz through 2750 Hz (2130 Hz to 2430 Hz for AM5eXT). With the
SF SKIP LED off, the signal generator is fully variable.

7.14 B TALK
Instead of the internal signal generator, the TALK mode connects a front panel
microphone to the transmit line. This allows the operator to talk to a testing
partner at the distant end of the line under test. The TALK function will work on
wet or dry (no DC voltage) 2- or 4-wire lines. Two (2) modes are available: Full
Duplex and Push-to-Talk. Full Duplex in 2-wire mode employs a hybrid to
provide hands-free “speaker phone” operation.

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Full-Duplex TALK Mode, LED flashes.

1. Press [B] momentarily to disconnect the signal generator and connect the
built-in microphone to the TX line. The microphone is located behind the
three holes labeled TALK in the upper left corner of the front panel.
2. Set the MONITOR switch to RX to enable the speaker.
3. Full Duplex (speaker phone) operation is now enabled. For 2-wire, a
hybrid is used to allow Full Duplex operation.
To exit Full Duplex mode, momentarily press [B]. The LED will go out.
In some cases audible regenerative feedback may result, especially in the 2-wire
mode, where the line under test is not impedance matched to the hybrid, and at
high volume settings. This may be overcome by using the “push-to-talk” mode,
described next.
Half-Duplex TALK Mode (“Push-to-Talk”), LED continually ON.
Press and hold [B] to enable the Push-to-Talk mode. [B] is also used to select the
direction of the conversation:
• To speak, hold down [B] to operate the microphone and mute the
speaker. The microphone (item 13 in Figure 3-1) is located behind the
three holes labeled TALK in the upper left corner of the front panel.
• To listen, release [B] to disconnect the microphone and enable the
speaker (TALK LED remains steady on).
To exit Push-to-Talk mode, momentarily press [B]. The LED will go out.

7.15 C LOOP BACK

LOOP BACK is a Programmable Momentary Auxiliary Tone intended to trip and
restore a 4-wire loopback device such as a Western Electric Model 829.
The frequency and level of this tone is set with a QUIET Send mode PARAMETER
DISPLAY (Display 3), see ¶7.2. To activate a Model 829, program the frequency
for 2713 Hz, the default setting.

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Momentarily press [C] to disconnect the present Send mode and send the
Auxiliary Tone over the TX pair. The Auxiliary Tone will be applied as long as
the [C] key is held down.
Release [C] to automatically restore the previous Send (signal generator) mode.

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8. MEASURE FUNCTIONS
8.1 INTRODUCTION
The AM5XT/eXT contains highly versatile detectors and filters which are
connected to the receive line (RX) under test. The term MEASURE refers to the
detection mode being used in order to detect and display the characteristics of the
received signal(s). See Figure 8-1 for instructions to select the desired Measure
Mode. Note that MEASURE Functions are color-coded BLUE.

Figure 8-1. Procedure to Enable Measure Modes

In this section, the paragraph heading for each Measure Function shows its
Function Enable Key enclosed in a square . For example, 6 PAR indicates
that key [6] is pressed to select PAR Measure mode. DATA and PARAMETER
DISPLAY information is also provided. Section 5 explains how the DATA and
PARAMETER DISPLAYs are accessed and used.
Paragraphs in this section are listed below:
8.2 LVL/FREQ (Level/Frequency)
8.3 General Notes Concerning Noise Measurements
8.4 NOISE (Idle Channel Noise)
8.5 NOTCH NOISE (Noise with Tone)
8.6 NTG (Noise-to-Ground)
8.7 S/N (Signal-to-Noise Ratio)
8.8 PAR (Peak-to-Average Ratio)
8.9 RET LOSS (Return Loss)

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8.10 ENV DLY (Envelope Delay) for AM5XT only

8.11 GROUP DLY (Group Delay) for AM5eXT only
8.12 IMD (Intermodulation Distortion)
8.13 PHASE JTR (Phase Jitter)
8.14 AMP JTR (Amplitude Jitter)
8.15 IMP NOISE Impulse Noise without Tone)
8.16 TRAN (Transients)
8.17 MICRO INTR (Micro-Interruptions)

8.2 1 LVL/FREQ (Level/Frequency)

Note: There is a dark box around the LVL/FREQ and 15kHz LEDs for the AM5XT
(LVL/FREQ and UN WTD LEDs for AM5eXT). This “Level Box” indicates
that the 15 kHz (or UN WTD) filter is always associated with the
Level/Frequency Measurement. See ¶9.2 and ¶9.3 for descriptions of 15
kHz (AM5XT) and Sound-Unweighted (AM5eXT) low-pass filters, enabled
in the Auxiliary Function row, AUX.

AM5XT LVL/FREQ

15 KHz

LEVEL BOX
AM5eXT LVL/FREQ

UN/WTD

LEVEL BOX
Wide-Band Level/Frequency (AUX filter not used)
An autoranging amplifier, average detector, and frequency counter are connected
to the RX pair. A 200 kHz low-pass filter is used, allowing full bandwidth
operation. The detected average voltage is converted to dBm by the
microprocessor, based upon the impedance selected for the RX line (¶6.2 thru
¶6.5).

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To enable this mode:

1. Set LVL/FREQ LED “ON”.
2. Set 15kHz LED “OFF” (AM5XT) or UN WTD LED “OFF” (AM5eXT)
Narrow-Band Level/Frequency (AUX filter used)
This is the same as above, except the AUX Function filter in the “Level Box” is
enabled (LED “ON”). The filter is a low-pass filter connected to the front end,
effectively eliminating high-frequency components. This mode is useful in
making measurements on voice-band circuits where high-frequency components
are of no interest.
To enable this mode:
2. With MEAS LED on, set LVL/FREQ LED "ON".
3. With AUX LED on for AM5XT, set 15 kHz LED "ON" (connecting 15 kHz
low-pass filter), or for AM5eXT, set UN WTD LED "ON" (connecting
Sound-Unweighted low-pass filter).
Setup
For end-to-end testing, the transmitted (Send) test tone is applied to the far-end
transmit (TX) circuit. For 4-wire loopback testing, the transmitted (Send) test
tone is applied to the near-end transmit (TX) circuit.
Enable the appropriate Send Function (Section 7):
• 1004 HZ for single point loss tests
• SLOPE for 3-point (4-point for AM5eXT) gain/slope tests
• VAR HZ or SWEEP for multi-point Frequency response curve tests.
Operation
The AM5XT/eXT measures the resultant signal on the near-and receive pair (RX).
Read the voltage and frequency in the DATA DISPLAY.
DATA DISPLAY

Measured level/frequency -64.9 dBm to 10 dBm

0.020 kHz to 200.0 kHz

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If the received signal has excessive power-line hum or excessive high-frequency

components (in excess of 15 kHz), an erratic display may result.
Connect the appropriate filter(s) to eliminate undesired frequencies and stabilize
the display:
1. To eliminate power-line hum:
• Enable the Auxiliary Functions (AUX LED "ON")
• Press [B] to connect the 60 Hz high pass filter (6O Hz LED will light).
With the 60 Hz filter connected, frequency components below 60 Hz
will be effectively eliminated from the reading. Press [B] again to
disconnect the filter from the measurement (60 Hz LED will go out).
2. To eliminate high frequency, make a Narrow-Band Level/Frequency
measurement (described above), using the AUX filter.
Rapidly fluctuating readings may be captured as follows:
1. Enable the Auxiliary Function (AUX LED “ON”).
2. Press [D] (DAMP LED will light). With DAMP ON, the display will
update at the rate of 2-times per second, half the normal 4-times per
second update rate.
A slight peaking effect at 90 kHz to 120 kHz may occur when making attenuation
measurements when the AM5XT is making loop-back test (AM5XT signal generator
and receiver being used simultaneously) on high loss (>20 dB for this effect to
occur. This effect can be avoided in end to end tests by quiet-terminating the
transmitter when making measurements on the receiving end of the circuit.
Plotting
For plotting a graph of the results through the RS2432 port, use PARAMETER
DISPLAYS to set:
2. Low level limit of the plot
3. High level limit of the plot
4. Rate at which lines are printed
5. Performance limits for line on printer/plotter

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PARAMETER DISPLAYS (For Plotting) 2

Set low level limit of plot -99.9 to 99.9 dB

(Default = -40.0 dB)
3

Set high level limit of plot -99.9 to 99.9 dB

(Default = 10.0 dB)
4

Time interval between printouts 0 sec to 255 sec

(Default = 0, Autotrack)
5

Line conditioning for Enter a digit 1 to 8 or use up or

performance limits down arrows to select mask

See ¶13.1 for details concerning plotting.

Automatic Tracking Printing Mode
To deliver a printout each time there is a shift in frequency, set the RATE
parameter to “0”. With RATE = 0, there must be a discrete, stable shift in the
frequency in order for there to be a printout. If the frequency changes at least 8
Hz (approximately), and stabilizes for about 0.5 sec., there will be a printout.
This setting is useful when the Send Function is SLOPE (3 or 4 frequency steps)
or SWEEP (multiple frequency steps).
Note: Do not set RATE to 0 when the Send source is a continuous (not step)
sweep generator. With a continuous sweep, no frequency lasts for 0.5
sec., so there would never be a printout with the RATE set to “0”.

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8.3 GENERAL NOISE MEASUREMENT NOTES

The information discussed here applies to all four (4) types of noise
measurements:
1. (Idle Channel) NOISE
2. NOTCH NOISE
3. NOISE-TO-GROUND (NTG)
4. SIGNAL-TO-NOISE (S/N) RATIO
Note: There is a dark box around the function LEDs that are associated with
noise measurements, enclosing the noise functions in the MEAS row and
the noise filters in the AUX row. This box is referred to as the “Noise
Box”.

NOISE NOTCH NTG S/N

NOISE

CMSG PGM 3KHz 15KHz 50K

AM5XT NOISE BOX

NOISE NOTCH NTG S/N
NOISE

PSHO SWTD UN 3KHz 2KHz QUASI

WTD FLAT FLAT PK

AM5eXT NOISE BOX

Noise Measurement with Filter
To set up a noise measurement using a filter:
1. In the Measure Functions row (with MEAS LED ON), press the
appropriate key to enable the desired noise test (NOISE, NOTCH NOISE,
NTG, or S/N). The corresponding LED will light.
2. Press the [AUX] key. The AUX LED will light.
3. Press the appropriate key, [2] thru [6], to enable the desired noise
filter. The respective LED will light, indicating that the filter is enabled.
Possible filters are listed in Table 8-1.

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Table 8-1. Noise Weighting Filters

KEY AM5XT AM5eXT
2 C-Message (CMSG) Psophometric (PSHO)
3 Program (PGM) Sound-Weighted (SWTD)
4 3kHz flat Sound-Unweighted (UN WTD)
5 15kHz flat 3kHz flat
6 50kBit 2kHz flat

160kHz-Filter Noise Measurement

To set up a 160kHz-FILTER noise measurement:
1. In the Measure Functions row (with MEAS LED ON), press the
appropriate key to enable the desired noise test (NOISE, NOTCH NOISE,
NTG, or S/N). The corresponding LED will light.
2. In the Auxiliary (AUX) Functions row, check if a filter is enabled
(LED lit). Possible filters are listed in Table 8-1.
3. If a filter is enabled (LED lit), press the same key that was used to
enable the filter (with AUX LED ON). The LED will extinguish, indicating
that the filter is disabled. Note that if the same filter key is pressed
repeatedly, it will toggle (alternate) between enabled and disabled as
evidenced by the LED turning ON and OFF.
4. If none of the filters shown in Table 8-1 are selected, a 160 kHz low-
pass filter will be in the measurement path.
Quasi-Peak Detector (AM5eXT only)
With the AM5eXT there is a choice of devices to measure the voltage on the
receive pair. Select either the RMS Detector or the Quasi-Peak Detector.
With the AM5eXT, follow the steps below to make a noise measurement using
the Quasi-Peak Detector:
1. In the Measure Functions row (with MEAS LED ON), press the
appropriate key to enable the desired noise test (NOISE, NOTCH NOISE,
NTG, or S/N). The corresponding LED will light.
2. Press the [AUX] key. The AUX LED will light.

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3. Press [7]. The QUASI PK LED will light, indicating that the Quasi-
Peak Detector is enabled.
For the AM5eXT, the Quasi-Peak Detector is enabled when the QUASI PK LED is
ON. The RMS Detector is enabled when the QUASI PK LED is OFF.
For the AM5XT, all noise measurements are made with the RMS Detector (there is
no QUASI PK LED).
Test Setup
Enable the appropriate Send signal (QUIET or 1004Hz). For end-to-end testing,
the Send signal is connected to the far-end transmit (TX) circuit. For 4-Wire
Loopback testing, the Send signal is applied to the near-end transmit (TX) circuit.
When using a responder, command the responder into the appropriate send mode.
Units of Measurement for Noise
For noise measurements, the voltage on the receive pair is measured using an
RMS Detector (RMS Detector or Quasi-Peak Detector for the AM5eXT). This
voltage is converted to dBm by the microprocessor, based upon the selected
terminate impedance (¶6.2). In the AM5XT, the microprocessor further converts
the readings to dBrn in accordance with the formula: dBrn = dBm + 90. For
example, -50 dBm = -50 + 90 = 40 dBrn. With the AM5XT therefore, noise
measurements are in units of dBrn and the AM5eXT noise measurements are in
units of dBm.

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8.4 2 NOISE (Idle Channel Noise)

The Idle Channel NOISE test measures the noise, through a selected filter, on a
theoretically “quiet” line, i.e., a QUIET terminated circuit without a test signal.
See notes in ¶8.3 concerning noise measurements.
Send Function
Set the Send Function to QUIET (¶7.2).
DATA DISPLAY

Measured noise level

10 to 99 dBrn (AM5XT)
-80 to 9 dBm (AM5eXT)

Note: The right-hand display does not operate during idle channel NOISE
measurements.

Filter Selection
For the AM5XT, the usual noise-weighting filter used for Idle Channel NOISE
measurements is the C-Message filter (key [2]). For the AM5eXT, the usual filter
used for Notch Noise measurements is the Psophometric filter (key [2]).
In general, any of the filters listed in Table 8-1 can be used.

8.5 3 NOTCH NOISE (Noise-with-Tone)

The Notch Noise Test measures the noise, through a selected filter, on a line that
has a 1004 Hz tone. The 1004 Hz tone is removed in the measuring circuit through
a 1010 Hz “notch” filter, then the residual noise is measured. This test is
sometimes referred to as a “noise-with-tone” measurement.
Send Function
Set the Send Function to 1004 Hz (¶7.3).

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DATA DISPLAY

Measured noise level Holding Tone frequency

10 to 99 dBrn (AM5XT)
-80 to 9 dBm (AM5eXT)

Note: In order for the Notch Noise measurement to be valid, the “HOLD TONE”
indicator green LED must be ON, indicating that the 1004 Hz tone is
present at the proper frequency and level. Acceptable frequency is from
995 Hz to 1025 Hz at a level of greater than -40 dBm. The right-hand
display will also indicate the frequency of the received tone for further
verification.

Filter Selection
For the AM5XT, the usual noise-weighting filter used for Notch Noise
measurements is the C-Message filter (key [2]). See Figure 9-2 for a graph of the
C-Message filter. For the AM5eXT, the usual filter used for Notch Noise
measurements is the Psophometric filter (key [2]).
In general, any of the filters listed in Table 8-1 can be used.
Note: If no filter is selected, the AM5eXT Psophometric filter is automatically
selected.

8.6 4 NTG (Noise-to-Ground)

Noise-to-Ground is measured by internally summing the signals on the Tip and
Ring wires of the receive (RX) line within the AM5XT/eXT, then measuring the
noise, through a selected filter, with reference to ground. For the ground
reference, use either the ground screw terminal on the rear panel (item 8 in Figure
3-3) or the sleeve contact of the RX front panel Bantam Jack.
Send Function
Set the Send Function to QUIET (¶7.2).

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DATA DISPLAY

Measured Noise-to-Ground
40 to 129 dBrn (AM5XT)
-50 to 39 dBm (AM5eXT)

Note: The right-hand display does not operate during NTG measurements.

Filter Selection
For the AM5XT, the usual noise-weighting filter used for Noise-to-Ground
measurements is the C-Message filter (key [2]). For the AM5eXT, the usual filter
used for Noise-to-Ground measurements is the Psophometric filter (key [2]).
In general, any of the filters listed in Table 8-1 can be used.

8.7 5 S/N (Signal-to-Noise Ratio)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio measurement is similar to the notch noise measurement in
that a 1004 Hz test tone is expected at the received end. The receive circuit
contains an average detector, a 1004 Hz notch filter, a noise weighting filter, and
an RMS Detector (RMS Detector or Quasi-Peak Detector for AM5eXT).
1. The average detector measures the amplitude of the received test tone
(primarily 1004 Hz) and the microprocessor keeps this value in memory.
This is the “signal” reading.
2. The RMS or Quasi-Peak detector measures the value of the residual noise
after the 1004 Hz tone is notched out. This value is also kept in memory
by the microprocessor. This is the “noise” reading.
3. The microprocessor computes the difference, in dB, between the value in
“1” and the value in “2”. This is the Signal-to-Noise Ratio.
Send Function
Set the Send Function to 1004 Hz (¶7.3).

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DATA DISPLAY

Measured S/N Ratio Holding Tone frequency

0 to 60 dB

Note: In order for the Signal-to-Noise measurements to be valid, the “HOLD

TONE” indicator green LED must be ON, indicating that the 1004 Hz tone
is present at the proper frequency and level. Acceptable frequency is
from 995 Hz to 1025 Hz at a level of greater than -40 dBm. The right hand
display will also indicate the frequency of the received tone for further
verification.

Filter Selection
For the AM5XT, the usual noise-weighting filter used for Signal-to-Noise
measurements is the C-Message filter (key [2]). For the AM5eXT, the usual filter
used for Signal-to-Noise measurements is the Psophometric filter (key [2]).
In general, any of the filters listed in Table 8-1 can be used.

8.8 6 PAR (Peak-to-Average Ratio)

Definition of P/AR
P/AR (Peak-to-Average Ratio) measurements are made by applying a special 16
tone (PAR) signal at the distant end of the line under test. At the near end, the
AM5XT simultaneously measures the peak value and average value of the received
test signal. The Ratio of the Peak value to the Average value of the transmitted
signal is arbitrarily assigned a value of 100.
If the transmission channel were non-dispersive, the received Peak-to-Average
Ratio would also have a value of 100. A typical telephone channel causes
smearing or Intersymbol Interference however, and a value other than 100 is
observed.
Table 8-2 shows some typical values that might be used to judge the acceptability
of a telephone line to reliably transmit data.

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Example: If a modem requires a C2 conditioned line, and a P/AR of 50 is

measured, this line is likely to encounter transmission problems. On the other
hand, if a P/AR of 78 is measured, Intersymbol Interference will not cause
problems.
Table 8-2. P/AR Requirements of Telephone Lines
CIRCUIT CONDITIONING TYPICAL P/AR VALUES
Basic Channel 45
C1 48
C2 78
C4 87
C5 95
The P/AR value of the received (distorted) signal is made according to the following formula:
P/AR = 100* (K P/Afw-1)
Where P = peak voltage of received signal
Afw = full-wave average of the received signal
K = a constant
The constant K is derived by giving undistorted signal a nominal value of 100. Therefore:
K = 2Afwo/Po
Where Po = peak voltage of the undistorted (original) signal
Afwo = full-wave average of the undistorted (original) signal
Therefore:
P/AR = 100* [2(P/Po) / (Afw/Afwo) - 1]
or P/AR = 100* [2(Pn/Afwn) – 1]
Where Pn = normalized peak voltage of the received signal
Afwn = normalized full-wave average of the received signal

Factors Which Affect P/AR

P/AR is most sensitive to envelope delay distortion and return loss problems. To
a lesser degree, it is affected by attenuation distortion, noise, and nonlinear
(intermodulation) distortion. It is basically unaffected by transient phenomena
such as impulse noise and phase and gain hits.

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Envelope Delay Distortion

There is a high correlation between measured P/AR values and values calculated
from a plot of envelope delay distortion. In fact, for an envelope delay response
containing significant ripples, P/AR is a better indication of the ability of the
network to pass data reliably. Return loss problems are a common source of
envelope delay ripple.
Effect of Noise
Noise can have a significant affect on P/AR measurement. For this reason, it is
important to measure signal-to-noise ratio (or noise-with-tone) before making a
P/AR measurement. If the signal-to-noise ratio is less than 25 dB, the P/AR
reading will be significantly reduced by noise alone.
Effect of Nonlinear Distortion
Nonlinear (Intermodulation) Distortion can similarly affect the P/AR reading.
The effect depends on whether the second or third order products dominate as the
source of distortion. If the third order products dominate, they increase or
decrease the P/AR value, depending upon the sign of the added products.
Send Function
Set the Send Function to PAR (¶7.7), a composite wave form per Bell 41009
specifications, made up of 16 specific phrase-related frequencies.
DATA DISPLAY

Measured Level P/AR reading: 0 to 120 P/AR

Note in the DATA DISPLAY that the left reading is the RMS level of the received
P/AR waveform in dBm, and the right reading is the Peak-to-Average Ratio in
P/AR units (100 P/AR = value for transmitted signal).

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8.9 7 RET LOSS (Return Loss)

Definition
Return Loss is the ratio, in dB, of the power incident on a transmission system
discontinuity to the power reflected from the discontinuity. It indicates how well
the input and output impedances are matched throughout a circuit. Return Loss
measurements are made on both 2-wire and 4-wire circuits.
Setup
A test signal is transmitted from the near end while the far end is Quiet
terminated. At the near end, the level of the transmitted test tone (TX) is
compared with the measured level on the receive line (RX). The difference
between the transmit and receive signal is the Return Loss in dB.
Test Signals
Four (4) possible test signals can be transmitted:
1. Echo Return Loss (ERL) signal
2. Singing Return Loss (SRL) LO signal
3. Singing Return Loss (SRL) HI signal
4. Sine Wave (VAR HZ) in 200 Hz to 5 kHz band, per ¶7.4
ERL, SRL LO, and SRL HI are band-limited white-noise test signals (see ¶7.8).
Since the Return Loss measurement is the ratio between transmitted energy and
received energy, the absolute amplitude of transmit energy is somewhat
immaterial. The AM5XT/eXT, however, has the ability to generate the ERL, SRL
LO, and SRL HI waveforms anywhere between -10 dBm and -2 dBm (see ¶7.8).
2-Wire Return Loss
In 2-wire Return Loss measurements, the test signal is applied to the transmit pair
(TX) of the internal 4-wire to 2-wire hybrid, and at the same time the RMS
detector measures the energy on the receive pair (RX) of the hybrid. The hybrid
balancing impedance is the selected line impedance (¶6.2) in series with 2.16µF.
If the 2-wire circuit under test is properly terminated and free of send/receive
coupling, very little of the transmitted energy will be returned on the receive pair
and the Return Loss reading in dB (which is a measure of the transmitted energy
versus received energy) will be a large reading.

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The AM5XT/eXT may be used as a passive 2-wire termination (900Ω in series with
2.16µF) by selecting 2-Wire Line Mode, Ret Loss Meas Mode, and Quiet Send Mode.
The 900Ω, 2.16µF termination is provided only when the unit is in the 2-Wire Line
Mode and Return Loss Measure Mode.
4-Wire Return Loss
In 4-wire Return Loss measurements, the internal hybrid is not used. The test
waveform and RMS detector are connected directly to the 4-wire transmit (TX)
and receive (RX) pairs, respectively. Because most 4-wire circuits have loss or
gain circuits in their transmit or receive leg, a correction factor must be used to
compensate for this gain or loss in order to provide a meaningful Return Loss
measurement. The correction factor is an offset adjustment called TLP
(Transmission Level Point). The AM5XT/eXT subtracts the TLP setting from the
original reading and then displays the corrected Return Loss measurement.
Because of the need to determine and set the value of the TLP, 4-wire Return
Loss measurements require a special procedure, as listed below:
1. Send the desired test signal (ERL, SRL LO, SRL HI, or sine wave) per ¶7.8
or ¶7.4)
2. Press [D] to enable the PARAM SET LED and bring up the TLP parameter
prompt.
3. Set the value of TLP to “00.0”.
4. Loop back the far end (be sure termination is correct).
5. Press [7] to bring up the Return Loss Data Display.
6. Read and note the loop-around Return Loss on the Data Display. This is
the amount of loss (+dB reading) or gain (-dB reading) of the circuit.
7. Repeat Step 2.
8. Set the value of TLP equal to the Return Loss reading in Step 6. Be sure
both the sign and the value are the same. Example: If loop-around
Return Loss in the 4-wire circuit is -15.0 dB, set TLP for -15.0 dB.
9. Unloop the 4-wire circuit and Quiet Terminate the far end per ¶7.2.
10. Repeat Step 5.

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11. Read the actual Return Loss on the DATA DISPLAY. Note that the
AM5XT/eXT automatically uses the TLP setting to adjust the measurement
and displays the correct reading.
Send Function
Set the Send Function to ERL, SRL LO, SRL HI (¶7.8), or VAR HZ (¶7.4).
DATA DISPLAY

Measured Return Loss

PARAMETER DISPLAY

Set "TLP" -99.9 dB to 99.9 dB

(Default = 0 dBm)

Note: The TLP setting can be kept for future use if it is stored as part of a test
setup store (see ¶5.1).
See ¶8.10 for Setup and Test Procedures, including both Send and Measure
functions.

8.10 8 ENV DLY (Envelope Delay) (AM5XT only)

An Envelope Delay test measures the nonlinearities in the phase response of a
line. See ¶7.9 for Send function parameter settings. This test requires a
transmission test set at each end of the circuit to be measured. A special
procedure must be followed, which is outlined below.
The displays are numbered for ease of reference.
Displays 1, 2, and 3 are selected by repeatedly depressing the ENV DLY button
while in MEAS mode. These three (3) displays only work in Normal or Hold mode.
“REPT” is displayed in Repeat mode.

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DATA DISPLAY 1

Delay (msec) -3.00ms to 9.00ms Measured receive frequency

2

Delay (msec) -3.00ms to 9.00ms Send frequency (kHz)

(kHz LED flashes)
3

Carrier signal. Level (dBm) Measured frequency (kHz)

The PARAMETER Average display shows the number of readings averaged for
displays 1 and 2. Enter the value per the display’s stability. Increase the value if
the display is unstable. The sweep rate of the carrier must be reduced as the
number of the average is increased.
PARAMETER DISPLAY 4

1 to 16 (Default = 1)
PARAMETER DISPLAYS 5A, 5B, and 5C are identical to the mode select displays
4A, 4B, and 4C included in the Envelope Delay send parameters (¶7.9). They are
repeated here for ease of reference.
PARAMETER DISPLAYS 5A

Normal Mode. Press [0] to enable.

5B

Repeat Mode. Press [1] to enable.

5C

Hold Mode. Press [2] to enable.

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Plotting
There are additional PARAMETER DISPLAYS used for plotting graphs of the
measurement through the RS232 port or XY plotter outputs.
PARAMETER DISPLAYS, for Plotting 6

Set low delay limit -4.00 msec to 10.00 msec

of Env. Delay plots (Default = -1.00 msec)
7

Set high delay limit -4.00 msec to 10.00 msec

of Env. Delay plots (Default = 1.000 msec)
8

Set low level limit -99.9 dB to 99.9 dB

of level/freq. plot (Default = -40.0 dB)
9

Set high level limit -99.9 dB to 99.9 dB

of level/freq. plot (Default = 10.0 dB)
10

Time Interval 0 sec to 255 sec

Between Printouts (Default = 0, AutoTrack)
11

Line conditioning for Enter a digit 1 to 8 or use up or

performance limits. down arrows to select mask.

1. Low delay limit of the plot of display 1 or display 2.

2. High delay limit of the plot of display 1 or display 2.
3. Low level limit of the plot of display 3.
4. High level limit of the plot of display 3.

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5. Rate at which lines are printed.

6. Performance limits for line on printer/plotter.
Automatic Tracking Printing Mode
To deliver a printout each time there is a shift in frequency, set RATE parameter
to “0”. With RATE = 0, there must be a discrete, stable shift in the frequency to
cause a printout. If the frequency changes at least 8 Hz (approximately) and
stabilizes for about 0.5 sec, there will be a printout.
4-Wire Setup
Two (2) types of 4-wire Envelope Delay tests can be made:
1. Near-to-Far Envelope Delay
2. Far-to-Near Envelope Delay
Figure 8-2 shows the setup to measure both types of 4-wire Envelope Delay.
NEAR END FAR END

AM5XT 4-WIRE CIRCUIT AM5XT

Normal Mode Repeat Mode

(Display 5A Enabled) (Display 5B Enabled)
Figure 8-2. Setup to Measure 4-Wire Envelope Delay
Control of Far-End AM5XT
There are three (3) ways to control the far-end AM5XT:
1. Manually, with a person at the far end controlling the AM5XT. An
additional telephone line is used for communication between the people
at the near and far-end test sets, or they may use TALK mode (¶7.14) to
communicate through the AM5XT units.
2. Use Touch Tone (TT) commands over the line being tested, sent from the
near-end AM5XT to RECALL “canned” test setups with the STORE
function.

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To RECALL a test setup stored in a memory of the far-end AM5XT:

8. In the near AM5XT, enable TT Dialing Mode as explained in
¶10.2.
9. Dial “A” followed by the 2-digit memory location. For
example, dial “A01” to recall setup in memory location 01.
3. Send commands from the near end to the far end over a separate
telephone line to the far-end AM5XT RS232 port. See ¶12.1 concerning
RS232 operation.
Operation
Follow the appropriate procedure outlined below to measure either Near-to-Far
or Far-to-Near Envelope Delay.
TEST PROCEDURE: 4-WIRE, NEAR-TO-FAR
Summary:
NEAR END
1. Send REFERENCE frequency.
2. Set NORMAL Mode.
3. Enable Measure Display 2 (Delay/Send Freq).
4. Zero to Reference Frequency with REL SET.
5. Send ENV DLY Sweep.
6. Read Envelope Delay on Measure Display 2.
FAR END
1. Send REFERENCE frequency.
2. Set REPEAT Mode.
3. Enable Measure Display 3 (Level/Freq.).
Note: Send “Display 1” thru “Display 10” refer to displays shown in Section 7.
Measure “Display 1” thru “Display 11” refer to displays shown in
Section 8.

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Detailed Instructions:
1. On both near and far AM5XT, press [SEND] key and enable Send Function
row. Press [8] to enable ENV DLY.
• On near AM5XT, if other than default settings are desired, use
PARAM SET to set desired values for the Sweep parameters with
Send Displays 6 thru 11 (see ¶7.9).
• On both near and far AM5XT, if other than default Reference
Frequency is desired, use PARAM SET to set desired Reference
Frequency with Send Display 5.
• On both near and far AM5XT, send Reference Frequency by
enabling Send Display 2 (see ¶7.9).
• On both near and far AM5XT, press [MEAS] key and enable Measure
Function row. Press [8] to enable ENV DLY. With PARAM SET, set the
near-end AM5XT to NORMAL mode (Measure Display 5A), and set the
far-end AM5XT to REPEAT mode (Measure Display 5B). At both ends,
press [MEAS] key again to exit PARAM SET.
• On near AM5XT, press [8] as necessary to enable Measure Display 2 (kHz
LED will flash). On far AM5XT, press [8] as necessary to enable Measure
Display 3.
• On near AM5XT, press AUX key, then press [C] to enable REL SET (note
that REL SET LED does not light). The left display of Measure Display 2
will go to “0.000 msec”, indicating that the delay measure has been
zeroed at the Reference Frequency.
• On near AM5XT, press [SEND] key to enable Send Function row. Press
[8] as necessary to enable Send Display 1 (ENV DLY Sweep Mode)
(see¶7.9). Leave far AM5XT in Send Reference Frequency.
• On near AM5XT, press [MEAS] key to enable Measure Display 2 (kHz LED
will flash). Read the Envelope Delay in msec.
• If reading in Step 6 is unstable, increase setting of Measure Display 4 to
increase the number of readings AVeraGed before the result is displayed.
As the averaging number is increased, the sweep rate must be reduced.

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• If the results are to be plotted or printed out, set constraints with Measure
Display 6 thru 11.
TEST PROCEDURE: 4-WIRE, FAR-TO-NEAR
Summary:
NEAR END
1. Send REFERENCE frequency.
2. Set NORMAL Mode.
3. Enable Measure Display 1 (Delay/Rev Freq).
4. Zero to Reference Frequency with REL SET.
6. Read Envelope Delay on Measure Display 1.
FAR END
1. Send REFERENCE frequency.
2. Set REPEAT Mode.
5. Send ENV DLY Sweep.
Note: Send “Display 1” thru “Display 10” refer to displays shown in Section 7.
Measure “Display 1” thru “Display 11” refer to displays shown in
Section 8.

Detailed Instructions:
1. On both near and far AM5XT, press [SEND] key and enable Send Function
row. Press [8] to enable ENV DLY.
• On far AM5XT, if other than default settings are desired, use
PARAM SET to set desired values for the Sweep parameters with
Send Displays 6 thru 10 (see ¶7.9).
• On both near and far AM5XT, if other than default Reference
Frequency is desired, use PARAM SET to set desired Reference
Frequency with Send Display 5.
• On both near and far AM5XT, send Reference Frequency by
enabling Send Display 2 (see ¶7.9).

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2. On both near and far AM5XT, press [MEAS] key and enable Measure
Function row. Press [8] to enable ENV DLY. With PARAM SET, set the
near-end AM5XT to NORMAL mode (Measure Display 5A), and set the
far-end AM5XT to REPEAT mode (Measure Display 5B). On near end,
press [MEAS] key again to exit PARAM SET.
3. On near AM5XT, press [8] as necessary to enable Measure Display 1 (kHz
LED will be continuously ON).
4. On near AM5XT, press AUX key, then press [C] to enable REL SET (note
that REL SET LED does not light). The left display of Measure Display 1
will go to “000.0 msec”, indicating that the delay measure has been
zeroed at the Reference Frequency.
5. On far AM5XT, press [SEND] key to enable Send Function row. Press [8]
as necessary to enable Send Display 1 (ENV DLY Sweep Mode) (see¶7.9).
Leave near AM5XT in Send Reference Frequency.
6. Read the Envelope Delay in msec.
7. If reading in Step 6 is unstable, increase setting of Measure Display 4 to
increase the number of readings AVeraGed before the result is displayed.
As the averaging number is increased, the sweep rate must be reduced.
8. If the results are to be plotted or printed out, set constraints with Measure
Display 6 thru 11.
2-Wire Envelope Delay
The ability to make a 2-wire Envelope Delay measurement is an exclusive testing
feature, found only in the Ameritec AM5XT. This allows the delay to be measured
without using an additional line for a return path.
A phase-locked loop (PLL) generator in the near-end AM5XT is used to “lock on”
to the 83-1/3 Hz modulation frequency of the Reference carrier frequency sent
from the far end. This establishes a phase reference in the near end AM5XT. The
HOLD mode is used in the near AM5XT to “hold” this phase reference so delay can
be measured as the far end sweeps the carrier frequency.

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The Envelope Delay measurement will drift slightly from the time HOLD Mode is
enabled. It will change a maximum of 15 microseconds/minute. This is due to
the slight instability of the PLL phase reference. The Envelope Delay
measurement should, therefore, be made soon after HOLD Mode is enabled. For
example, the Envelope Delay measurement must be made within 2 minutes of
enabling HOLD Mode (second part of step 7 in procedure) to guarantee no more
than 30 micro-seconds of error in the reading.
Setup
Figure 8-3 shows the setup to measure 2-Wire Envelope Delay.
NEAR END FAR END
Repeat Mode Normal Mode
(Display 5B Enabled) (Display 5A Enabled)

2-WIRE CIRCUIT
AM5XT AM5XT

Change to Hold Mode

(Enable Display 5C)
Before Making Measurement
Figure 8-3. Setup to Measure 2-Wire Envelope Delay
TEST PROCEDURE: 2-WIRE, FAR-TO-NEAR
Summary:
NEAR END
1. Set Send to QUIET Mode.
2. Set REPEAT Mode.
5. Wait at least 10 sec.
6. Set Measure HOLD Mode, Enable Measure Display 1 (Delay/Rev Freq.).
7. Zero to Reference Frequency with REL SET.
9. Read Envelope Delay on Measure Display 1.
FAR END
3. Send REFERENCE frequency.
4. Set NORMAL Mode.

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8. Send ENV DLY Sweep Mode.

Note: Send “Display 1” thru “Display 10” refer to displays shown in Section 7.
Measure “Display 1” thru “Display 11” refer to displays shown in
Section 8.

Detailed Instructions:
1. On near end:
• Press [SEND] key to enable Send Function row.
• Press [1] to enable QUIET Send Mode (¶7.2).
2. On near end:
• Press [MEAS] key to enable Measure Function row.
• Press [8] to enable ENV DLY.
• Use PARAM SET to set Repeat Mode (Display 5B).
3. On far end:
• Press [SEND] key and enable Send Function row.
• Press [8] to enable ENV DLY (see ¶7.9).
• Press [8] as necessary to enable Send Display 2 (send Reference
Frequency).
• If other than default Reference Frequency is desired, use PARAM
SET to set desired Reference Frequency with Send Display 5.
4. On far end:
• Use PARAM SET to set NORMAL MODE (Display 5A).
5. Wait at least 10 seconds to allow the Near End Phase Lock Loop (PLL)
Generator to “lock on” precisely to the phase of the modulation
frequency of the Reference Frequency.
6. On near end:
• Press [MEAS] key and enable Measure Function row.
• Use PARAM SET to set Envelope Delay HOLD Mode (Display
5C).
• On near end, press [MEAS] key again to exit PARAM SET.
• Press [8] as necessary to enable Measure Display 1 (Delay/Rev
Freq).

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7. On near end:
• Press [AUX] key, then press [C] to enable REL SET (note that REL
SET LED does not light).
• The left display of Measure Display 1 will go to “0.000 msec”,
indicating that the delay measure has been zeroed at the
Reference Frequency.
8. On far end:
• Press [SEND] key and enable Send Function row.
• Press [8] as necessary to enable Send Display 1 (ENV DLY
Sweep).
• If other than default Sweep settings are desired, use PARAM SET
to set desired parameter values with Send Displays 6 thru 10 (see
¶7.9).
9. On near end, read Envelope Delay on Measure Display 1.

8.11 8 GROUP DLY (Group Delay) (AM5eXT ONLY)

A Group Delay test measures the non-linearities in the phase response of a line.
A transmission test set is required at each end of the circuit to be measured. Test
signals are generated over a 2-wire circuit from the test set on one end, and the
Group Delay is measured on the other end. See ¶8.11 for Measure functions and
Test Procedure.
With a Group Delay test, there are two (2) types of send signals which are
alternately generated for 120ms:
1. A constant carrier Reference Frequency, usually 1800 Hz, modulated by
41-2/3 Hz.
2. A Sweep series of carrier frequencies, usually from 200 Hz to 20 kHz, also
modulated by 41-2/3 Hz.

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The Measure Displays listed are identified by number for ease of reference
DATA DISPLAYS 1

Measured Group Delay at

indicated test frequency
2

Measured level of test signal, at

indicated frequency, relative to
reference. In other words, the
difference between levels: Test
level - Reference level.
3

Measured frequency of
reference signal
4

Measured level of
reference (ref) signal
5

Measured level of test

(meas) signal

PARAMETER DISPLAYS 6

Filter out (Default): press Filter in: press [1] to

[0] to disable enable.

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No. of readings averaged for Range: 1 to 16 (Default = 1)

display 1. Enter value per
display stability. Increase
value if display is unstable.
Plotting
There are additional PARAMETER DISPLAY used for plotting graphs of
measurement Display 1 or Display 2 through the RS232 port or XY plotter
outputs. These parameters are used respectively to set:
8. Low delay limit of the plot of display 1.
9. High delay limit of the plot of display 1.
10. Low level limit of the plot of display 2.
11. High level limit of the plot of display 2.
12. Rate at which lines are printed.
13. Performance limits for line on printer/plotter.
PARAMETER DISPLAYS for Plotting 8

Set low time limit of -12.00 msec to 12.00 msec

Group Delay plot (Default = -1.00 msec)
9

Set high time limit of -12.00 msec to 12.00 msec

Group Delay plot (Default = -1.00 msec)

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10

Set low level limit of -99.9 dB to 99.9 dB

leve/freq. plot (Default = -40.0 dB)
11

Set high level limit of -99.9 dB to 99.9 dB

level/freq. plot (Default = 10.0 dB)
12

Time interval 0 sec to 255 sec

between printouts (Default = 0, Autotrack)
13

Line conditioning for Enter a digit 1 to 8 or use up or

performance limits down arrows to select mask
See Section 13 for details and examples concerning plotting.
Automatic Tracking Printing Mode
To deliver a printout-plot each time there is a shift in frequency, set RATE
parameter to “0”. With RATE = 0, there must be a discrete, stable shift in the
frequency to cause a printout/plot. If the frequency changes at least 8 Hz
(approximately) and stabilizes for about 0.5 sec, there will be a printout/plot.
Setup
Group Delay is measured over a 2-wire circuit, generating the composite signals
at one end and measuring the Group Delay at the other end.
For 4-wire, a Group Delay measurement is made individually over each pair (TX
pair and RX pair). Since the Send and Measure functions of the AM5eXT are
independent, both Group Delay measurements could be made simultaneously at
both ends of the circuit, each test set measuring the Group Delay of the signals
being sent from the opposite end.
Figure 8-4 shows the setup to measure Group Delay.

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GENERATE MEASURE GROUP

SIGNALS DELAY

2-WIRE CIRCUIT
AM5eXT AM5eXT

Figure 8-4. Setup to Measure Group Delay

Operation
Follow the procedure outlined below:
1. For other than default Send signals, set desired send signals as indicated
in ¶7.10.
• Set level of send signals with GROUP DLY Send Display 2.
• Set Reference Frequency with GROUP DLY Send Display 3.
• Set Test Signal sweep parameters with GROUP DLY Send Display 4
thru Display 8.
2. If high-frequency noise is causing interference, enable the high-
frequency filter:
• Use Measure PARAM SET.
• Access GROUP DLY Measure Display 6.
• Press [1].
• Measure Display 6 will read “FLTR IN”.
3. Repeatedly press [8] as needed, to make readings from Measure Display
1 thru Display 5.
and/or
4. Print out readings from Measure Display 1 or Display 2 by:
• Setting the plotting parameters with Display 8 thru Display 13.
• Pressing [AUX] key and then holding down [8] to initiate the printout.
Note: If the high-frequency filter is used, set the STOP frequency of the sweep
no higher than 4 kHz. The filter introduces 30 microseconds of error to
the Group Delay at 4 kHz.

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8.12 9 IMD (Intermodulation Distortion*)

* Licensed under U.S. Patent #3,862,380.
Definition. Intermodulation Distortion is also known as “Non-Linear Distortion”
or “4-Tone Test”. Intermodulation Distortion is signal component generation
that is produced from the transmitted signal and adds to the transmitted signal.
These additional signal components are usually undesirable.
The Intermodulation Distortion signal is composed four (4) tones, all at the same
level, as described below:
• Two (2) tones are 6 Hz apart, centered at 860 Hz.
• Two (2) tones are 16 Hz apart, centered at 1380 Hz.
Third-order non-linear distortion creates six (6) intermodulation products in a
narrow band centered at 1.9 kHz. The power produced by these third order
intermodulations is measured and expressed in dB below the received signal.
Second-order non-linear distortion creates four (4) intermodulation products in
each of 2 narrow bands centered at 520 Hz and 2240 Hz. The power in each of
these second-order intermodulation bands is also measured. The average of these
two second-order distortion powers is expressed in dB below the received signal.
See ¶7.11 for Send Function parameter settings.
The Noise Correction Factor is used to automatically correct the displayed
readings of 2nd and 3rd order distortion when a 4-tone signal is received.
The second digit in the right display indicates if the Noise Correction Factor is
enabled:
• = Noise Correction Factor captured
• “ “ (blank) = Noise Correction Factor not determined
When a 2-tone signal is transmitted for 15 seconds, the receiver will
automatically measure background noise level and save. Readings are then
displayed with the “C” to tell the operator the display reading has been
“corrected”.

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Data displayed when receiving a 2-Tone signal after capturing the Noise Correction
Factor
DATA DISPLAYS

Measured signal level

Measured level of noise in 2nd

order bands below signal

Measured level of noise in 3rd

order band below signal

Data displayed when receiving a 4-Tone signal after capturing the Noise Correction
Factor
DATA DISPLAYS

Measured signal level

Measured second order level

below signal. Measurement
has been corrected.

Measured third order level

below signal. Measurement
has been corrected.

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If IMD Measure mode is exited to enable another Measure function, the correction
factor is lost. When IMD mode is enabled again, the absence of the correction
factor is indicated by the absence of the “[“ in the second digit of the right
display.
Data displayed when receiving a 4-Tone signal without Noise Correction Factor
DATA DISPLAYS

Measured signal level

Measured second order level

below signal. Measurement
has not been corrected

Measured third order level

below signal. Measurement
has not been corrected

8.13 0 PHASE JTR (Phase Jitter)

This measurement requires a 1004 Hz nominal Holding Tone. This test measures
the peak-to-peak phase variation of the modulation of the holding tone. The
bandwidth (range of frequencies) is selected over which the phase jitter is
measured. A phase-locked-loop generator locks on the holding tone and an
average peak-to-peak phase jitter is measured in degrees.
DATA DISPLAY

Measured Phase Jitter

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The bandwidth can be set to either:

• 20 Hz to 300 Hz (default)
• 4 Hz to 300 Hz
• 4 Hz to 20 Hz

8.14 * AMP JTR (Amplitude Jitter)

The test for amplitude jitter is the same as the phase jitter measurement, except
that instead of measuring the variation of the phase, the variation of the
amplitude of the modulation is measured. The unit of measurement for the
amplitude jitter is average percent peak-to-peak variation.
DATA DISPLAY

Measured Amplitude Jitter

Because this is an amplitude measurement, the phase-locked-loop frequency is
not of interest.

8.15 # IMP NOISE (Impulse Noise without Tone)

This is a timed study which counts the number of noise pulses that exceed each
of three levels (thresholds). No Holding Tone is used for this test.
Three (3) noise thresholds are established: low, middle, and high levels, with an
equal interval between them called the “delta”. The time over which the run is to
be made is the duration.
DATA DISPLAYS

Elapsed Time of last .1 to 999.9 minutes

timed study

Measured Noise Level Measured with selected

noise-weighting filter

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Count of Noise Impulses

exceeding low threshold

Count of Noise Impulses

exceeding mid threshold

Count of Noise Impulses

exceeding high threshold
The run is started and a running count is kept of the number of noise pulses that
exceed each threshold. The run will automatically stop when the duration time is
reached. The test can be stopped manually at any time.
The blanking interval is the time after a noise pulse when the counter does not
count. The blanking interval for a threshold is started when a pulse exceeds the
threshold for the first time. The noise pulse counter does not count during the
blanking interval. The purpose of the blanking interval is to minimize the effect
of ringing on the count. Without the blanking interval, several counts could be
made immediately after the first pulse, due to secondary pulses caused by
ringing. The blanking interval allows time for the ringing to die down.
PARAMETER DISPLAYS

Set Duration of Test .1 to 999.9 minutes

(Default = 15.0 minutes)

Set Impulse Noise 20.0 dBrn to 110.0 dBrn

Low Threshold (Default = 70.0 dBrn)

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Set Impulse Delta (differential 2 dB, 3 dB, 4 dB, or 6dB

between thresholds) (Default = 4 dB)

Set Blanking Interval 1 to 255 msec

(Default = 125 msec)

A typical duration time for the study is 15 minutes, although a study of up to

999.9 minutes (16 hours) could be made. Note that only duration, low level
threshold, and impulse delta are set.

8.16 A TRAN (Transients)

PHASE HITS
A phase hit is a sudden change in the phase of the modulation of a Holding Tone.
A threshold of from 5 to 45 degrees is set and the number of phase hits that
exceed that threshold during the timed study is counted.
GAIN HITS
A gain hit is a sudden change in the amplitude of the modulation of a Holding
Tone. A threshold of 2, 3, 4, or 6 dB is set and the number of gain hits that
exceed that threshold during the timed study is counted.
DROPOUTS
A dropout is the loss of Holding Tone. The number of losses of Holding Tone
during a timed study is counted. A “loss” of Holding Tone occurs if the Holding
Tone level and/or frequency go out of the acceptable range for valid transient
measurements, usually a 12 dB reduction in the Holding Tone level as measured
at the start of the test.
DATA DISPLAYS

Elapsed Time of last .1 to 999.9 minutes

timed study

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Measured Noise Level

Count of Noise Impulses

exceeding low threshold

Count of Noise Impulses

exceeding mid threshold

Count of Noise Impulses

exceeding high threshold

Count of Phase Hits exceeding

Phase Hit threshold

Count of Gain Hits exceeding

Gain Hit threshold

Count of Dropouts
PARAMETER DISPLAYS

Set Duration of Test .1 to 999.9 minutes

(Default = 15.0 minutes)

Set Impulse Noise 20.0 dBrn to 110.0 dBrn

Low Threshold (Default = 70.0 dBrn)

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Set Impulse Delta (differential 2 dB, 3 dB, 4 dB, or 6dB

between thresholds) (Default = 4 dB)

Set Phase Hit Threshold 5 to 45 degrees

(Default = 25 deg.)

Set Gain Hit Threshold 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, or 10 dB

(Default = 2 dB)

Set Blanking Interval 1 to 255 msec

(Default = 125 msec)

8.17 B MICRO INTR (Micro-interruptions)

Micro-interruptions is a test for dropouts that exceed a specified threshold.
Duration of test, threshold of interruption, and blanking interval are set and the
test is started. Five (5) different counts are logged depending on the length of the
interruption, and can be displayed during or after the test.
DATA DISPLAYS

Elapsed Time of last .1 to 999.9 minutes

timed study

Count of Interruptions
lasting 0.3 - 3.0 msec

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Count of Interruptions
lasting 3.0 - 30 msec

Count of Interruptions
lasting 30 - 300 msec

Count of Interruptions
lasting 300 msec - 1 minute

Count of Interruptions
lasting > 1 minute

PARAMETER DISPLAYS

Set Duration of Test .1 to 999.9 minutes

(Default = 15.0 minutes)

Set Threshold of interruption 3 dB, 6 dB, 10 dB, or 20 dB

(in dB,s below initial input level) (Default = 3 dB)

Set Blanking Interval 1 to 255 msec

(Default = 125 msec)

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Auxiliary Functions

9. AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
9.1 INTRODUCTION
AUXILIARY Functions are associated with the Measure Functions. See Figure 9-1
for instructions to select the desired Auxiliary Function. Note that Auxiliary
Functions are color-coded VIOLET.

Figure 9-1. Procedure to Enable Auxiliary Functions

In this section, the Function Enable Key for each Auxiliary Function is shown
enclosed in a square. For example, 8 PRINT indicates that key [8] is pressed to
output information to an external printer.
Function Boxes
Some Auxiliary Functions are only associated with certain Measure Functions;
these Auxiliary Functions are enclosed in a black border, together with the
Measure Functions with which they are associated. These are referred to as
Function Boxes. There are four (4) Function Boxes, which are illustrated in
Figure 9-2.

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AM5XT LVL/
FREQ
NOISE NOTCH
NOISE
NTG S/N

15KHz CMSG PGM 3KHz 15KHz 50K

LEVEL BOX NOISE BOX

AM5eXT LVL/
FREQ
NOISE NOTCH
NOISE
NTG S/N

UN UN 3KHz 2KHz QUASI

WTD PSHO SWTD WTD FLAT FLAT PK

LEVEL BOX NOISE BOX

PHASE AMP IMP TRAN MICRO
JTR JTR NOISE INTR
JTR JTR JTR START
20-300 4-300 4-20 STOP

JITTER BOX TIMED STUDY BOX

Figure 9-2. Function Boxes
Note that the Level Box and the Noise Box are different for the AM5XT and the
AM5eXT; the Jitter Box and Timed Study Box are the same for the AM5XT and the
AM5eXT.
Paragraphs in this section are listed below:
9.2 Filter for Narrow-Band Level/Frequency Measurement
9.3 Noise Weighting Filters
9.4 QUASI PK (Quasi-Peak Detector Enable) AM5eXT only
9.5 PRINT Enable
9.6 Jitter Bandwidth Select
9.7 START STOP (Timed Study Start/Stop)
9.8 60 Hz Filter
9.9 REL SET (Relative Measure Zero Set)
9.10 DAMP (Display Update Select)

9.2 1 FILTER FOR NARROW-BAND LEVEL/FREQUENCY

This function is part of the Level (Function) Box as shown in Figure 9-2. It is a
low-pass filter, connected to the front end of the measurement circuitry,
effectively eliminating high-frequency components. For the AM5XT, this is a 15
kHz filter; for the AM5eXT, a sound-unweighted filter (30 Hz to 20 kHz).

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Enable this filter (LED on) in a Level/Frequency measurement when making

measurements on voice-band circuits where high frequency components are of no
interest. With this filter enabled, the test is referred to as a “narrow-band
level/frequency measurement”. See ¶8.2 for Level/Frequency measurement
information.

9.3 NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS

Noise weighting filters are part of the Noise (Function) Box as shown in Figure
9-2. If a noise measurement is to be made with a noise weighting filter, there are
five (5) noise weighting filters from which to choose. Only one (1) of the filters
(or none) can be selected for a given noise measurement. The possible filters are
listed in Table 9-1.
Table 9-1. Noise Weighting Filters
KEY AM5XT AM5eXT
[2] C-Message (CMSG) Psophometric (PSHO)
[3] Program (PGM) Sound-Weighted (SWTD)
[4] 3 kHz flat Sound-Unweighted (UNWTD)
[5] 15 kHz flat 3 kHz FLAT
[6] 50 kBit 2 kHz FLAT

The AM5XT filters comply with IEEE STD 743-1984 (formerly Bell 41009)
specification. The AM5eXT filters comply with CCITT recommendations.
Tables 9-2 and 9-3 describe, respectively, the AM5XT and AM5eXT noise
weighting filters and reference the figures that illustrate the filter characteristics.
Note: In addition to a noise weighting filter, the 60 Hz filter may be connected
as desired during the measurement. See ¶9.8.

Table 9-2. AM5XT Noise Weighting Filters

FILTER DESCRIPTION ILLUSTRATION
CMSG (C-Message) Bandpass filter Figure 9-3
PGM (Program) Bandpass filter Figure 9-4
3 kHz Low pass filter (3 dB down @ 3 kHz, 12 dB/octave rolloff) Figure 9-11
15 kHz Low pass filter (3 dB down @ 15 kHz, 12 dB/octave rolloff) Figure 9-6
50K ( 50 KBit) Combination low pass and high pass filter Figure 9-7

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Table 9-3. AM5eXT Noise Weighting Filters

FILTER DESCRIPTION ILLUSTRATION
PSHO (Psophometric) Bandpass filter Figure 9-8
SWTD (Sound-Weighted) low pass, high pass filter Figure 9-9
UN WTD (Sound Un-Weighted) low pass, high pass filter Figure 9-10
3 kHz FLAT Bandpass filter Figure 9-5
2 kHz FLAT Bandpass filter Figure 9-12

9.4 7 QUASI PK (Quasi-Peak Detector Enable) (AM5eXT Only)

With AM5eXT noise measurements, there is a choice of devices to measure the
voltage on the receive pair; select either the RMS Detector or the Quasi-Peak
Detector.
With the AM5eXT, perform the following steps to make a noise measurement
using the Quasi-Peak Detector:
1. In the Measure Functions row (with MEAS LED ON), press the appropriate
key to enable the desired noise test (NOISE, NOTCH NOISE, NTG, or S/N);
corresponding LED will light.
2. Press [AUX] key. AUX LED will light.
3. Press [7]. QUASI PK LED will light, indicating that the Quasi-peak
detector is enabled.
For the AM5eXT, the Quasi-Peak Detector is enabled when the QUASI PK
LED is on. The RMS Detector is enabled when the QUASI PK LED is off.
Note: For the AM5XT, all noise measurements are made with the RMS Detector
only (there is no QUASI PK LED).

9.5 8 PRINT ENABLE

The print key is used to initiate a printout through the RS232 port. For this print
key to operate, the unit must be equipped with the optional RS232 port (Part No.
25-0019) and have a printer connected.

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A printout can be made of:

A. The front panel setup together with the present reading(s) of the enablled
measurement function.
B. For Level/Frequency or Envelope Delay (Group Delay for the AM5eXT)
tests only: a simultaneous plot and printout of the test results being
displayed in the measure display, output periodically at a rate set by the
user.
These two (2) types of printout are implemented as outlined below:
Up to Version 7
Printout of Front Panel Setup and Present Measurement(s)
This printout is a “snapshot” of the front panel setup and measure reading(s) at
the time the print key is pressed. To obtain this printout:
A. Press [AUX] key.
B. Momentarily press [8].
C. The PRINT LED will not light during this print mode.
Periodic Printout/Plot of Reading on Measure Display
This printout mode is for Level/Frequency or Envelope Delay (Group Delay for
the AM5eXT) tests only. To initiate this printout/plot:
1. Set the upper and lower limits of the plot and the rate of the
printouts/plot. See PARAMETER DISPLAYS “for Plotting” in ¶8.2
(Level/Frequency), ¶8.10 (Envelope Delay), or ¶8.11 (Group Delay).
2. Set LVL/FREQ, ENV DLY, or GROUP DLY Measurement display to the
DATA DISPLAY to be printed/plotted.
3. Press [AUX] key.
4. Continuously press [8] for approximately 2 seconds.
5. The PRINT LED will flash on/off during this print mode.
6. To exit this print mode, again continuously press [8] for approximately 2
seconds; PRINT LED will go out.
See Section 13 for information on obtaining hard copies of test results using a
printer and/or x-y plotter. See ¶13.3 for printing/plotting with Version 8 and up.

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9.6 JITTER BANDWIDTH SELECT

The three (3) Jitter Bandwidth Weighting Filters are part of the Jitter (Function)
Box as shown in Figure 9-2. When making Phase Jitter or Amplitude Jitter
measurements, one (1) of these Bandwidths must be chosen for the test.
Therefore, one (1) of the Jitter Bandwidth LEDs will always be on, indicating the
Bandwidth is selected.
The possible Phase Jitter or Amplitude Jitter Bandwidths are listed in Table 9-4.
Table 9-4. Jitter Bandwidth Weighting Filters
KEY FILTER BANDWIDTH
[9] JTR 20-300 20 Hz to 300 Hz (power on default)
[0] JTR 4-300 4 Hz to 300 Hz
[*] JYTR 4-20 4 Hz to 20 Hz

9.7 A START STOP (Timed Study Start/Stop)

The Start/Stop function is part of the Timed Study (Function) Box as shown in
Figure 9-2. It is used to Start/Stop the Timed Study tests enclosed in the Timed
Study Box:
IMP NOISE Impulse Noise (without tone)
TRAN Transient Tests
Impulse Noise (with tone)
Phase Hits
Gain Hits
Dropouts
MICRO INTR Micro Interruptions
To start a timed test:
1. Press [AUX] key to turn AUX LED on.
2. Press [A], turning on the START STOP LED. The LED will flash during the
test.
When the START STOP LED begins to flash, all the DATA DISPLAYS are reset to
zero, ready to start recording the counts during the present test run. See ¶8.15
thru ¶8.17 for illustrations of the timed test DATA DISPLAYS.

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There are two (2) ways for the START STOP LED to stop flashing, indicating the
end of the timed test:
A. The LED will stop flashing automatically if the DUR (test duration)
PARAMETER DISPLAY is set to a value other than 0 (no time out), and the
test is left to run the full DUR time.
B. The LED can be manually turned off by pressing [A] again (with AUX LED
on) during the course of the timed test.

9.8 B 60 Hz FILTER
The 60 Hz high-pass filter is meant for temporary insertion to eliminate
frequencies 60 Hz or lower. Power line hum due to 50 Hz or 60 Hz components
can cause erratic readings on the display. Connect this filter to eliminate power
line hum and stabilize the reading on the display.
To connect/disconnect the 60 Hz filter:
1. Press [AUX] key to turn AUX LED on.
2. Press [B] to connect the 60 Hz high-pass filter (60 Hz LED, green, will
light).
3. Press [B] again to disconnect the filter from the measurement (60 Hz LED
will go out).

9.9 C REL SET (Relative Measure Zero Set)

All level and noise measurements are normally expressed as absolute values in
units of dBm or dBrn. When the REL SET LED is set on, the absolute value display
of dBm or dBrn (left hand display) will go to “00.0 dB”. Once REL SET is enabled,
all subsequent readings will be relative to the zeroed reading, displayed in units
of dB.
Note: In the Envelope Delay measurement, when REL SET is used to zero the
delay measure to the Reference Frequency, REL SET is a momentary
function and its LED does not light.

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Auxiliary Functions (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Absolute and Relative Measurements

Either an Absolute or Relative measurement can be made with any level or noise
measurement. The choice is made by setting the REL SET LED to off (absolute)
or on (relative). The use of absolute and relative measurements is outlined
below:
A. Normally, the absolute setting (REL SET LED off) is used for noise and
level measurements.
B. The Relative setting (REL SET LED on) is used to establish a new zero
reference level. This is useful in tests such as frequency response where
levels at various frequencies are to be compared with the level at a
reference frequency.
To make a relative reading:
1. Start with REL SET LED off.
2. When the desired reference point is established, press [C] (with AUX LED
on) to turn on REL SET LED.
3. When REL SET LED turns on, the display will read “00.0 dB”, meaning
that the level or noise reading is now referenced to the reading that was
on the display when REL SET was enabled.
4. Subsequent readings are now referenced to this new zero reference.
5. To summarize, a reading with the REL SET LED on means “relative to the
last reading before REL SET was enabled”.
EXAMPLE: Changing from absolute to relative with a level measurement:
1. With the MEAS LED on and LVL/FREQ LED on, REL SET LED off, a level of
“-17.7 dBm” is displayed..
2. [AUX] key is pressed (AUX LED lights).
3. [C] is pressed (REL SET lights).
4. Reading is now “00.0 dB” (note that units are now in dB not dBm).
5. With REL SET LED still on, the reading changes to “-2.3 dB”; this means
the level is -2.3 dB relative to the reading before REL SET was enabled.
6. The absolute reading would be -17.7 + -2.3 = -20.0 dBm.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Auxiliary Functions

9.10 D DAMP (Display Update Select)

DAMP LED off = Front panel display updated four (4) times each second. This
is the normal setting.
DAMP LED on = Front panel display update is slowed down to two (2) updates
per second. This setting is useful to capture erratic readings.
Frequency Design Loss (db)
0
60 55.7
100 42.5
200 25.1
10 300 16.3
400 11.2
500 7.7
LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

600 5.0
20
700 2.8
800 1.3
900 0.3
30 1000 0.0
1200 0.4
1300 0.7
1500 1.2
40
1800 1.3
2000 1.1
2500 1.1
50 2800 2.0
3000 3.0
3300 5.1
3500 7.1
60 4000 14.6
4500 22.3
50 60 80 100 200 300 400 500 600 800 1000 1500 2000 3000 4000 5000 5000 28.7
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-3. C-Message Weighting Characteristic (AM5XT)

-10
Frequency Design Loss (dB)
100 26.3
-5 200 17.3
300 12.2
400 9.0
500 6.6
0
600 4.7
LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

700 3.2
800 2.0
5 900 0.8
1000 0 Ref
1500 - 3.2
10 2000 - 4.8
2500 - 5.6
3000 - 6.0
15 4000 - 6.5
5000 - 6.5
6000 - 6.4
7000 - 5.8
20
8000 - 4.0
9000 - 1.5
10000 8.5
25
100 200 300 400 600 800 1K 2K 3K 4K 6K 8K 10K
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-4. Program Weighting Characteristic (AM5XT)

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Auxiliary Functions (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

0
Frequency Response (dB)
20 - 60.0
-10 40 - 41.9
100 - 18.1
200 - 3.0
-20 275 - 0.6
800 0.0
RESPONSE (dB)

1000 0.0
-30
5000 0.0
10000 - 0.8
15000 - 3.4
20000 - 6.9
-40
40000 - 18.2
80000 - 30.3

-50

-60

10 20 40 60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1K 2K 4K 6K 8K 10K 20K 40K 60K 100K
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-5. 3 kHz Flat Weighting Characteristic (AM5eXT)

0
Frequency Design Loss (dB)
1000 0 (Ref)
5 5000 0.1
10000 0.8
15000 3.0
LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

10 20000 6.2
25000 9.4
30000 12.3
15 35000 14.9
40000 17.1
45000 19.1
50000 21.0
20

25

30

10 20 40 60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1K 2K 4K 6K 8K 10K 20K 40K 60K 100K
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-6. 15 kHz Flat Weighting Characteristic (AM5XT)

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Auxiliary Functions

0 Frequency Design Loss (dB)

0 > 30
50 2.7
5
200 0.2
1000 0 (Ref)
LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

5000 0.1
10 10000 0.3
15000 0.7
20000 1.3
15 25000 2.1
30000 3.3
35000 5.0
20 40000 7.8
45000 14.0
50000 > 22.0
25 > 50000 > 30.0

30

10 20 40 60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1K 2K 4K 6K 8K 10K 20K 40K 60K 100K
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-7. 50 Kilobit Weighting Characteristic (AM5XT)

0 Frequency Response (dB)
50 - 63.0
100 - 41.0
-10
150 - 29.0
200 - 21.0
300 - 10.6
-20 400 - 6.3
500 - 3.6
RESPONSE (dB)

600 - 2.0
-30 800 0.0
1000 1.0
1200 0.0
-40
1500 - 1.3
2000 - 3.0
2500 - 4.2
3000 - 5.6
-50
3500 - 8.5
4000 - 15.0
4500 - 25.0
-60 5000 - 36.0
50 60 80 100 200 300 400 500 600 800 1000 1500 2000 3000 4000 5000
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-8. Psophometric Characteristic (AM5eXT)

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Auxiliary Functions (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Frequency Response (dB)

+10
31.5 - 29.9
63.0 - 23.9
0 100 - 19.8
200 - 13.8
400 - 7.8
800 - 1.9
-10
1000 0
RESPONSE (dB)

2000 5.6
3150 9.0
-20 4000 10.5
5000 11.7
6300 12.2
-30 7100 12.0
8000 11.4
9000 10.1
10000 8.1
-40
12500 0
14000 - 5.3
16000 - 11.7
-50 20000 - 22.2
10 20 40 60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1K 2K 4K 6K 8K 10K 20K 40K 60K 100K 31500 - 42.7
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-9. Sound Weighted Characteristic (AM5eXT)

0 Frequency Response (dB)
1 - 55.4
2 - 43.3
-10 5 - 27.3
10 - 15.1
15 - 8.0
-20 20 - 3.6
30 - 0.2
RESPONSE (dB)

45 0.4 peak
-30 100 0.1
800 0.0
1000 0.0
6500 - 0.05 valley
-40
13500 0.15 peak
16000 0.0
22000 - 3.3
-50 40000 - 19.3
80000
100000 - 43.9
-60

10 20 40 60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1K 2K 4K 6K 8K 10K 20K 40K 60K 100K
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-10. Sound Unweighted Characteristic (AM5eXT)

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Auxiliary Functions

-10

Frequency Design Loss (dB)

-5
500 0.0
1000 0.1
0
2000 0.8
LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

3000 3.0
4000 6.2
5000 9.4
5
6000 12.3
7000 14.9
8000 17.1
10 9000 19.1
10000 21.0

15

20

25
100 200 300 400 600 800 1K 2K 3K 4K 6K 8K 10K
FREQUENCY

Figure 9-11. 3 kHz Flat Characteristic (AM5XT)

Frequency Design Loss (dB)

0
100 - 46.7
200 - 28.6
300 - 18.1
-10
400 - 10.9
LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

600 - 3.0
800 - 0.7
-20 1300 0.0
2000 - 0.4
3000 - 3.0
-30 4000 - 8.2
6000 - 18.1
8000 - 25.6
-40 10000 - 31.4

-50

100 200 300 400 600 800 1K 2K 3K 4K 6K 8K 10K

FREQUENCY

Figure 9-12. 2 kHz Flat Characteristic (AM5eXT)

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Dialing

10. DIALING
10.1 INTRODUCTION
This section covers the dialing (signaling) capability of the AM5XT/eXT. The
AM5XT/eXT can outpulse in any of the three (3) dialing modes listed below:
DP (Dial Pulse)
TT (Touch Tone – DTMF)
MF (Multifrequency)
This section is divided into the following paragraphs:
10.2 Manual Dialing
10.3 Storage of Dialed Number
10.4 Automatic Speed Dialing
10.5 Dual-Tone Dialing Frequencies
10.6 Dial Pulse (DP) Requirements
10.7 Dialing Controlled through RS232 port
10.8 Remote Control Using TT Commands
10.9 TT Responder Control

10.2 MANUAL DIALING

Tone Dialing Level
For tone dialing (TT or MF), follow the procedure below to set the dual-tone
composite level.
1. Set Send Function to QUIET mode.
2. Go to QUIET mode Display 4, “TTLV” in PARAMETER DISPLAYS,
(illustrated in ¶7.2.4). Set the parameter for the level desired for the
TT/MF tones. Range: -50 dBm to +7 dBm.
Note: The maximum level for the TT/MF tones is +7 dBm, even though the
generator is capable of levels up to +10 dBm for single tones.

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Dialing (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Dial Mode Select

To select a Dial Mode:
1. Locate the [DP/TT/MF] key in the lower left corner of the front panel.
2. Repeatedly press the [DP/TT/MF] key as necessary until the LED lights
next to the desired Dialing Mode.
DP = Dial Pulse
TT = Touch Tone (also called DTMF, Dual Tone Multi-frequency)
MF = Multi-frequency
Note: Once a Dial Mode (DP, TT, or MF) has been selected, it will remain
selected unless changed, even when Dialing Mode is exited to go to
another mode (LINE, SEND, MEAS, or AUX). When Dial Mode is enabled,
the last selected Dial Mode will still be enabled (if power has been on
continuously).

Dialing
To dial (outpulse) a digit:
1. Select the desired Dial Mode per the Dial Mode Select procedure.
2. Locate the row of 16 keys along the bottom edge of the front panel,
labeled (from left to right) 1 thru 0, *, #, A, B, C, D.
3. Press the key associated with the digit to be outpulsed.
Monitoring Dialing
Note the following:
A. In order to listen to dialing:
1) Set MONITOR Switch (item 4, Figure 3-1) to the TX position.
2) With Volume Knob (item 22, Figure 3-1), adjust speaker sound to
comfortable level.
B. For indication of dialing on the display:
1) Press [SEND] key (display SEND LED will light), before entering
dialing mode (TT or MF).

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Dialing

2) When a key is pressed to dial a digit, the left-hand display will

indicate the level outpulsed (for tone dialing) and the right-hand
display will read “DIAL” as indicated in the sample display below:

10.3 STORAGE OF DIALED NUMBER

Up to ten (10) telephone numbers consisting of up to 48 digits each may be
stored in dialed number memory locations 0 thru 9. Dialed number memory is
non-volatile, so the numbers stored are retained even if power is turned off. In
addition, the last number dialed is automatically stored. See ¶10.4 for procedures
to recall and speed dial telephone numbers stored in memory.
Storing a Telephone Number:
1. Enter dialing mode and select Dialing Mode DP, TT, or MF.
2. Dial the desired number (up to 48 digits).
3. Press [STO].
4. Press any digit 0 thru 9 corresponding to the memory location desired to
store the number.
5. Exit dialing mode by selecting any other mode (LINE, SEND, MEAS, or
AUX).
Normally the digits are output to the line as step 2 is performed. To avoid
actually sending the digits to the line, use the DP dialing mode in step 1 with the
transmit line ON HOOK (OFF HOOK LED off).
Note: Only the number is stored. The level and Dialing Mode (DP, TT, or MF)
are not stored. For example, a dialed number could be stored while in DP
mode and later recalled and speed dialed while in TT mode. See ¶10.4
for Speed Dialing.

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Dialing (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Clearing a Stored Number:

Before a new number can be stored, the old number must be cleared or the new
number will be stored after the sequence for the old number.
1. Exit dialing mode by selecting any other mode (LINE, SEND, MEAS, or
AUX).
2. Enter dialing mode and select Dialing Mode DP, TT, or MF.
3. Press [STO].
4. Press digit of memory location you wish to clear.
5. Follow procedure for Storing a Telephone Number.

10.4 AUTOMATIC SPEED DIALING

Before speed dialing, manually set the Tone Dialing Level and Dial Mode per
instructions in ¶10.2.
Last Number Automatic Speed Dial
Any time that:
1. a dialing mode is entered,
2. a number is dialed (either manually or using the recall function), and
3. dialing mode is exited (to LINE, SEND, MEAS, or AUX),
the number just dialed is automatically stored in the last-number-dialed memory.
To dial that number again:
1. Enter dialing mode and select Dialing Mode DP, TT, or MF.
2. Press [RCL] and then [*].
3. The “last number dialed” will be recalled from memory and speed dialed.
Recall and Speed Dial of Stored Dialed Number
Any of the telephone numbers stored per ¶10.3 may be recalled from memory
and speed dialed:
1. Enter dialing mode and select Dialing Mode DP, TT, or MF.
2. Press [RCL].
3. Press the key 0 thru 9 corresponding to the memory location containing
the desired telephone number.
4. The telephone number will be recalled from memory and speed dialed.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Dialing

10.5 DUAL-TONE DIALING FREQUENCIES

TT and MF Dialing Modes outpulse dual-tone signals. The frequencies of these
tones are listed in Table 10-1. Note that there is no MF signal on key [D].
Table 10-1. MF and TT (DTMF) Tone Pairs
KEY MF TONE PAIRS (Hz) TT TONE PAIRS (Hz)
[1] 700/900 1209/697
[2] 700/1100 1336/697
[3] 900/1100 1477/697
[4] 700/1300 1209/770
[5] 900/1300 1336/770
[6] 1100/1300 1477/770
[7] 700/1500 1209/852
[8] 900/1500 1336/852
[9] 1100/1500 1477/852
[*] (KP) 1100/1700 1209/941
[0] 1300/1500 1336/941
[#] (ST) 1500/1700 1477/941
[A] (ST3P) 700/1700 1633/697
[B] (STP) 900/1700 1633/770
[C] (ST2P) 1300/1700 1633/852
[D] 1633/941

10.6 DIAL PULSE (DP) REQUIREMENTS

Unlike tone dialing (TT or MF) which can be done over circuits with or without
line battery voltage, Dial Pulse (DP) requires loop current. Dial pulses are output
by disconnecting (breaking) and connecting (making) the loop, at 60% break and
40% make. Therefore, Dial Pulse can only be done on a line over which loop
current is flowing, such as a 2-wire POT (Plain Old Telephone) line. Dial Pulse
cannot be done over dry (no loop current) 4-wire lines.

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Dialing (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Observe the following procedure to dial 2-wire Dial Pulse (DP), TT, or MF:
1. Press [LINE] key to go to LINE mode.
2. Press [5] to light the OFF HK LED and go off-hook.
3. The line connected to the AM5XT/eXT (at TX/2W jack) should now provide
Dial Tone.
4. Adjust the speaker volume (item 22 in Figure 3-1 to a comfortable level.
5. Enter dialing mode and select Dialing Mode DP, TT, or MF.
6. Dial the number with the appropriate keys along the bottom edge of the
front panel.
7. If time-out occurs before dialing is completed, temporarily go back
on-hook.
A. Go to LINE mode.
B. Press [5] to turn off OFF HK LED and wait for 2 to 3 seconds.
C. Press [5] again to turn off the OFF HK LED again, then re-enter the
dialed number.
8. If a person has been dialed, the operator can talk to the person at the
distant end of the line. See ¶7.14 for TALK mode instructions.

10.7 DIAL PULSE (DP) REQUIREMENTS

If dialing is controlled through the RS232 port, the following commands can be
included in the dialed number string:
A. Go off-hook, then proceed to the next digit.
B. Pause for Dial Tone, then proceed to the next digit.
C. Wait 1 second, then proceed to the next digit.
D. 500ms hook flash, then proceed to the next digit.
See Section 12 for details.
Note, however, that the dialed number store and recall functions cannot be
controlled using the RS232 port.

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10.8 REMOTE CONTROL USING TT COMMANDS

Note: This feature is not enabled in the AM5XT-BASIC because it requires a
Digital Signal Processor (DSP) board, not installed in the AM5XT-BASIC.
A far-end AM5XT/eXT can be controlled from a near-end AM5XT/eXT using TT
dialing. Observe the following procedure:
1. Manually enter desired front panel setups into memory locations in the
unit to be used at the far (remote) site. Store each setup using the
procedure below:
A. Set Rear Panel DIP switch 7 to OFF (open).
B. Enable desired front panel setup.
C. Press [STO].
D. Press the two (2) number keys (00 thru 39) of desired store location
of front panel setup.
E. Press [D] to enter.
2. Install the near and far-end AM5XT/eXTs.
3. To recall a front panel setup previously restored in a memory location of
the far-end AM5XT/eXT:
A. In the near-end AM5XT/eXT, enable TT Dialing Mode.
B. Press [A].
C. Press the two (2) number keys (00 thru 39) of desired front panel
setup.
D. The far-end AM5XT/eXT will automatically configure itself to the
desired front panel setup.

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10.9 REMOTE CONTROL USING TT COMMANDS

TT (DTMF)-commandable responders can be controlled with an AM5XT/eXT. Use
the AM5XT/eXT to output TT digits per the responder command set to tell the
responder to go into any of its possible states. Some possible responder states
are:
Quiet termination
Loopback (see note below)
Send 1004 Hz (Milliwatt)
Send slope tones
Amputate
Send certain digital bit patterns
Reset to through (transparent) mode
Note: A dedicated loopback device is controlled with a momentary auxiliary
tone. See ¶7.15.

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11. MEMORY CONSIDERATIONS (STORE & RECALL)

11.1 INTRODUCTION
The AM5XT/eXT is equipped with 79 store and recall locations for test set-up and
recall of frequently performed measurements. In addition to these, there are also
ten locations for storing and recalling telephone numbers of up to 48 digits in
length. Finally there is a “last number dialed” recall memory.

11.2 FACTORY SET DEFAULTS

The unit is shipped with 30 memories loaded with information which may be
recalled by the user. This information may be overwritten, if desired, if the
SETUP PROTECT DIP switch on the rear panel (#7) is in the OPEN (= off) position.
The stored information is protected if the unit is equipped with the optional
battery pack (P/N 24-0017). If the unit is not equipped with this option, and is left
unused for approximately two weeks, the super-cap will discharge, resulting in a
loss of memory. The battery pack will prevent this from happening.
Stored memory recalls 00-21 are Factory Default Programs for functions not
including LINE. Recalls 41 to 44 and 51 to 54 are for LINE functions that are
Factory set.
To RECALL (RCL):
1. Press [RCL] key.
2. Press the two number keys of the store location of the desired setup.
3. Unit will immediately configure itself to the recalled setup.
Table 11-1 lists the 30 stored memories and their intended purpose.
Table 11-1. Stored Memories and Purpose
RECALL 00
SEND OPEN - SF SKIP
MEASURE LVL/FREQ
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY SEND - OPEN
Purpose Power Up Settings

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RECALL 01
SEND 1.004 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP
MEASURE LVL/FREQ
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - dBm
Purpose Line Loss
RECALL 02
SEND .404 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP (.304 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP on AM5eXT
MEASURE LVL/FREQ
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - dBm
Purpose Line Loss
RECALL 03
SEND 2.804 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP (2.004 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP on AM5eXT
MEASURE LVL/FREQ
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - dBm
Purpose Line Loss
RECALL 04
SEND SLOPE @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP
MEASURE LVL/FREQ
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - dBm
Purpose 3-Tone Slope (4-Tone Slope on AM5eXT)
RECALL 05
SEND SWEEP @ 0 dBm (204 Hz – 3004 Hz) – SF SKIP
MEASURE LVL/FREQ
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - dBm
Purpose Voiceband Sweep
RECALL 06
SEND QUIET – SF SKIP
MEASURE NOISE
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - dBm
Purpose Idle Channel Noise

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RECALL 07
SEND 1.004 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP
MEASURE NOTCH NOISE
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – dBrn – HOLD TONE - kHz
Purpose Noise with Tone (Notched Noise)
RECALL 08
SEND 1.004 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP
MEASURE S/N
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – dB – HOLD TONE - kHz
Purpose Signal-to-Noise Ratio
RECALL 09
SEND QUIET – SF SKIP
MEASURE IMP NOISE
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - MIN
Purpose 15 min. Impulse Noise w/o Tone
Note: Press “A” (START) to start test. Press MEAS, continually press “#” (IMP NOISE) to view results.
RECALL 10
SEND 1.004 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP
MEASURE TRAN
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – HOLD TONE - MIN
Purpose 15 min. Impulse Noise with Tone + Phase & Gain Hits and Dropouts
Note: Press “A” (START) to start test. Press MEAS, continually press “A” (TRAN) to view results.
RECALL 11
SEND RET LOSS (ERL) – SF SKIP
MEASURE RET LOSS
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY SEND - dBm
Purpose Return Loss
Note: Press “7” (RET LOSS) to select ERL, SRL-Lo, or SRL-Hi. Press “MEAS” to measure the return
loss.

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RECALL 12
SEND PAR @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP
MEASURE PAR
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – dBm – PAR
Purpose PAR
RECALL 13
SEND 1.004 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP
MEASURE PHAS JTR
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – HOLD TONE - DEG
Purpose Phase Jitter (20-300 Hz)
RECALL 14
SEND 1.004 kHz @ 0 dBm – SF SKIP
MEASURE AMP JTR
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – HOLD TONE - %
Purpose Amplitude Jitter (20-300 Hz)
RECALL 15
SEND IMD (2T) – SF SKIP
MEASURE IMD
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - dBm
Purpose 4 tone intermodulation distortion test
Note: This recall should be used in conjunction with, and prior to, recall number 16. First, recall 15 and
wait for display to read “C2T” (approx. 5 sec.), then recall 16.
RECALL 16
SEND IMD (4T) – SF SKIP
MEASURE IMD
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - dBm
Purpose 4 tone intermodulation distortion test
Note: Press “9” (IMD) to view 2nd and 3rd harmonics.

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RECALL 17 (AM5XT Only)

SEND ENV DLY (REF) – SF SKIP
MEASURE ENV DLY (Mode = NORM)
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – MSEC - kHz
Purpose Envelope Delay
Note: This test should be used with recall numbers 18, 19, 20, and 21. See Envelope Delay Notes.
RECALL 18 (AM5XT Only)
SEND ENV DLY (SWEEP .204 – 3.504 kHz) – SF SKIP
MEASURE ENV DLY (Mode = NORM)
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – MSEC – kHz (BLINKING)
Purpose Envelope Delay
Note: You are now measuring the near to far envelope delay. (Displaying the delay and send freqs).
RECALL 19 (AM5XT Only)
SEND ENV DLY (REF) – SF SKIP
MEASURE ENV DLY (Mode = NORM)
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – MSEC - kHz
Purpose Envelope Delay
RECALL 20 (AM5XT Only)
SEND ENV DLY (REF) – SF SKIP
MEASURE ENV DLY (Mode = REPT)
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - kHz
Purpose Envelope Delay
RECALL 21 (AM5XT Only)
SEND ENV DLY (SWEEP .204 – 3.504 kHz) – SF SKIP
MEASURE ENV DLY (Mode = REPT)
AUX CMSG - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS - kHz
Purpose Envelope Delay
ENVELOPE DELAY NOTES
For measuring delay in the transmit leg, recall “17”, dial (TT) “A20” (this recalls #20 in the far end).
Press “C” to zero out the reading. Recall #18. This will display the delay to the near-to-far leg.
For measuring delay in the receive leg, recall “17”, dial (TT) “A20” (this recalls #20 in the far end). Press
“C” to zero out the reading. Recall “19” and dial (TT) “A21” (this recalls #21 in the far end).. This will
display the delay to the far-to-near leg.

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RECALL 17 (AM5eXT Only)

SEND GRP DLY (SWEEP .204 – 3.504 kHz) – SF SKIP
MEASURE GRP DLY
AUX PSHO - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – MSEC - kHz
Purpose Group Delay
RECALL 18 (AM5eXT Only)
SEND GRP DLY (SWEEP .204 – 3.504 kHz) – SF SKIP
MEASURE GRP DLY
AUX PSHO - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – MSEC - kHz
Purpose Group Delay – Narrow Band
RECALL 19 (AM5eXT Only)
SEND GRP DLY (SWEEP .204 – 3.504 kHz) – SF SKIP
MEASURE GRP DLY
AUX PSHO - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – dB - kHz
Purpose Group Delay – Relative Loss - Narrow Band
RECALL 20 (AM5eXT Only)
SEND GRP DLY (SWEEP .200 – 20.00 kHz) – SF SKIP
MEASURE GRP DLY
AUX PSHO - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – dB - kHz
Purpose Group Delay – Wide Band
RECALL 21 (AM5eXT Only)
SEND GRP DLY (SWEEP .200 – 20.00 kHz) – SF SKIP
MEASURE GRP DLY
AUX PSHO - JTR 20-300
DISPLAY MEAS – dB - kHz
Purpose Group Delay – Relative Loss - Wide Band
GROUP DELAY NOTES
All group delay measurements are one way, with the path being measured towards the AM5XT/eXT.
Both AM5XT/eXT’s use the same recalls for each test.
RECALL 41
LINE 135Ω (150Ω on AM5eXT) TX
135Ω (150Ω on AM5eXT) RX
4W

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RECALL 42
LINE 600Ω TX - 600Ω RX - 4W
RECALL 43
LINE 900Ω TX - 900Ω RX - 4W
RECALL 44
LINE 1200Ω TX - 1200Ω RX - 4W
RECALL 51
LINE 135Ω (150Ω on AM5eXT) TX
135Ω (150Ω on AM5eXT) RX
2W
RECALL 52
LINE 600Ω TX - 600Ω RX - 2W
RECALL 53
LINE 900Ω TX - 900Ω RX - 2W
RECALL 54
LINE 1200Ω TX - 1200Ω RX - 2W

To enter additional stored LINE setups, set the unit in the configuration desired
using the LINE line information. Press [STO], followed by two (2) digits – 40, 45
to 50, or 55 to 79. Press [D] to “ENTER” and complete the store.
Note: Remember that if 00-21, 41-44, or 51-54 is entered, the factory default is
overwritten with the new configuration.

RECALL 80 (Version 8 and up)

Recalls all setups that were active when the unit was powered down.
On Version 8 and up units, recalls 81-88 are for setting performance limits
(masks) for use when printing/plotting Level/Frequency and Delay sweep results.
Recalls 81-88 are factory set and cannot be changed from the front panel of the
AM5XT/eXT. They can be changed through the RS232 port and stored for later
use. See ¶12.9 for Conditioning Mask Definition Format.

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11.3 USER ENTERED MEMORIES

It is suggested that the first 22 (00-21) recalls be left intact. In the event that there
are operational problems, Ameritec Customer Service can more easily lead the
customer through tests to determine problems..
To enter additional stored setups, set DIP switch number 7, on the rear panel, to
its open position. Set the unit in the configuration desired for recall by using the
SEND, MEAS, and AUX line information. Press [STO] followed by two digits, 22
to 39. Press [D] to “ENTER” and complete the store.
Note: The keypad mode (SEND, MEAS, and AUX) and display selection are also
stored. When the setup is recalled, these selections are also recalled..

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12. RS232 COMMANDS

12.1 INTRODUCTION
In general, the AM5XT/eXT RS232 commands and functions follow the layout of
the front panel. All commands that can be executed from the front panel can be
executed remotely. All commands start with a “(“ and end with a “)”. The
commands are executed as soon as the “)” is received. Other control characters,
such as carriage return <CR> and line feed <LF>, are not required and will be
ignored if received. Only characters between the “(“ and “)” are processed.
The first letter of the command generally corresponds to the row in the front
panel where that function is located. The second character corresponds to the
key (0-9, *, #, A-D) for the function being controlled. The commands have exactly
the same effect as they would have if entered from the front panel. Front panel
controls which act as alternate on/off toggles are remotely controlled using a “+”
or “-“ in the command to turn that selection on or off.
A few RS232 commands have no front panel counterparts and are exclusive to
remote control operation. Their formats do not follow the previously explained
guidelines, but are activated using the same command format.
To display a Help Menu, press “?” and a brief explanation of command functions
will be displayed. Control commands can be reviewed, if desired, along with
display and set parameter instructions.
To display the parameter for a given command, include Pn after the command
within the parentheses. To change the parameter for a given command, include
Pn = n.n after the command within the parentheses. For example:
(S3) Sends variable Hz
(S3P1) Displays parameter 1 (Freq)
(S3P1=n.nnn) Sends variable Hz and sets parameter 1 (Freq) to n.nnn kHz

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12.2 COMMAND PROTOCOL

Table 12-1 lists the Line control commands.
Table 12-1. Line Control Commands
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
(L) LINE MODE
(L1) SENDZ = 135Ω (150Ω ON AM5eXT)
(L2) SENDZ = 600Ω
(L3) SENDZ = 900Ω
(L4) SENDZ = 1200Ω
(L5+) SEND OFF HOOK
(L5-) SEND ON HOOK
(L7) RCVZ = 135Ω (150Ω ON AM5eXT)
(L8) RCVZ = 600Ω
(L9) RCVZ = 900Ω
(L0) RCVZ = 1200Ω
(L*+) RCV OFF HOOK
(L*-) RCV ON HOOK
(L#+) BRIDGE
(L#-) TERMINATE
(LB) 2 WIRE
(LC) 4 WIRE
(LD+) REVERSE
(LD-) NORMAL

The following line control commands can only be executed from the RS232 port,
not from the front panel:
(WR+) Enter “WAIT FOR RING” mode
(WR-) Terminate “WAIT FOR RING” mode
“Wait for ring” mode causes the RCV pair (if in 4W), or the SND pair (if in 2W), to
go on hook and enter a high impedance state, attached only to the ring detector.
If in 4W mode, the signal generator is temporarily put in quiet, but the SND pair
line holding circuit remains in the state it was in before receiving the command.
When a ringing burst is detected (about 500ms of ringing voltage), the AM5XT/eXT
will send the following message:
(RING) <CR> <LF>

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) RS232 Commands

Note: <CR> and <LF> are used to represent the ASCII carriage return and line
feed characters.
Wait for ring mode is terminated either by the (WR-) command, or by going off
hook on that pair.
Table 12-2 lists the Send control commands.
Table 12-2. Send Control Commands
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
(S) SEND MODE
(S1) QUIET
P0=LEVEL, P1=LBFRQ, P2=TTLV
(S2) 1004
P0=LEVEL
(S3) VARIABLE HZ
P0=LEVEL, P1=FREQ
(S4) SLOPE
P0=LEVEL, P1=RATE
(S5) SWEEP
P0=LEVEL, P1=START, P2=STOP, P3=STEP, P4=RATE, P5=DELAY
(S6) PAR
P0=LEVEL
(S7) ERL/SRLL/SRLH
(S70) ERL
(S71) SRLL
(S72) SRLH
P0=LEVEL
(S8) (AM5XT) ENVELOPE DELAY
(S80) (AM5XT) ENV DLY SWEEP TEST FREQ
(S81) (AM5XT) ENV DLY REF FREQ
P0=LEVEL, P1=MODE (0, 1, 2 FOR NORM, REPT, HOLD), P2=REF FREQ,
P3=START, P4=STOP, P5=STEP, P6=RATE, P7=DELAY
(S8) (AM5eXT) GROUP DLY
P0=LEVEL, P1=REF FREQ, P2=START, P3=STOP, P4=STEP, P5=RATE,
P6=DELAY
(S9) IMD
(S90) IMD
(S91) IMD TEST
(S92) IMD S/N CHECK
P0=LEVEL

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COMMAND DESCRIPTION
(S0) OPEN
P0=LEVEL
(SA+) SF SKIP ON
(SA-) SF SKIP OFF
(SB+) TALK ON
(SB-) TALK OFF
(SC) 2713 HZ FOR 1 SECOND
(SCn) 2713 HZ FOR n SECONDS

Table 12-3 lists the Measure control commands.

Table 12-3. Measure Control Commands
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
(M) MEASURE MODE
(M1) LEVEL/FREQ
P0=LODB, P1=HIDB, P2=RATE, P3=COND
(M2) NOISE
(M3) NOTCHED NOISE
(M4) NOISE TO GROUND
(M5) SIGNAL TO NOISE
(M6) PAR
(M7) RETURN LOSS
(M9) IMD
(M90) IMD LEVEL
(M91) IMD 2 ND ORDER
(M92) IMD 3 RD ORDER
(MA) TRANS
(MA0) TRANS TIME
(MA1) TRANS NOISE
(MA2) TRANS LO
(MA3) TRANS MID
(MA4) TRANS HI
(MA5) TRANS PHITS
(MA6) TRANS GHITS
(MA7) TRANS DROPOUTS (TRANS DROP 6 DB on AM5eXT)
(MA8) TRANS DROP 10 DB (AM5eXT ONLY)
P0=DUR, P1=ITHLD, P2=DELTA, P3=PTHLD, P4=GTHLD, P5=BLANKING
(M8) (AM5XT) ENVELOPE DELAY

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COMMAND DESCRIPTION
(M80) (AM5XT) ENV DLY DLY/MEAS FREQ
(M81) (AM5XT) ENV DLY DLY/SEND FREQ
(M82) (AM5XT) ENV DLY LEVEL/FREQ
P0=AVG, P1=MODE (0, 1, 2 FOR NORM, REPT, HOLD), P2=LOED, P3=HIED,
P4=LODB, P5=HIDB, P6=RATE, P7=COND
(M8) (AM5eXT) GROUP DELAY
(M80) (AM5eXT) GDLY DLY/FREQ
(M81) (AM5eXT) GDLY LEVEL/FREQ
(M82) (AM5eXT) GDLY REF FREQ
(M83) (AM5eXT) GDLY REF LEVEL
(M84) (AM5eXT) GDLY MEAS LEVEL
P0=FILTER (O, 1 FOR FILTER OUT, IN), P1=AVG, P2=LOGD, P3=HIGD,
P4=LODB, P5=HIDB, P6=RATE, P7=COND
(M0) PHASE JITTER
(M*) AMPLITUDE JITTER
(M#) IMP NOISE
(M#0) IMP NOISE TIME
(M#1) IMP NOISE NOISE
(M#2) IMP NOISE LO
(M#3) IMP NOISE MID
(M#4) IMP NOISE HI
P0=DUR, P1=ITHLD, P2=DELTA, P3=BLANKING
(MB) UINTR
(MB0) UINTR TIME
(MB1) UINTR CNT 1
(MB2) UINTR CNT 2
(MB3) UINTR CNT 3
(MB4) UINTR CNT 4
(MB5) UINTR CNT 5
P0=DUR, P1=THLD, P2=BLANKING

Table 12-4 lists the Auxiliary control commands.

Table 12-4. Auxiliary Control Commands
COMMAND DESCRIPTION
(A) AUX MODE
(A1+) LF FILTER IN
(A1-) LF FILTER OUT
(A2) (AM5XT) CMSG FILTER

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COMMAND DESCRIPTION
(A2) (AM5eXT) PSOPHOMETRIC FILTER
(A3) (AM5XT) PGM FILTER
(A3) (AM5eXT) SOUND WEIGHTED FILTER
(A4) (AM5XT) 3 KHZ FILTER
(A4) (AM5eXT) SOUND UNWEIGHTED FILTER
(A5) (AM5XT) 15 KHZ FILTER
(A5) (AM5eXT) 3250 FLAT FILTER
(A6) (AM5XT) 50 KBIT FILTER
(A6) (AM5eXT) 2300 FLAT FILTER
(AF) NO NOISE FILTER
(A7+) (AM5eXT) QUASI PEAK
(A7-) (AM5eXT) RMS
(A8) PRINT
(A8+) PRINT PLOT ON
(A8-) PRINT PLOT OFF
(A9) JITTER 20-300
(A0) JITTER 4-300
(A*) JITTER 4-20
(A#) AUTOCALIBRATE
(AA+) START STUDY
(AA-) STOP STUDY
(AB+) 60 HZ FILTER IN
(AB-) 60 HZ FILTER OUT
(AC+) RELATIVE ON
(AC-) RELATIVE OFF
(AD+) DAMP ON
(AD-) DAMP OFF

12.3 RESPONSE PROTOCOL

All responses from commands are enclosed in parentheses and terminated by the
ASCII <CR> <LF> (carriage return line feed). For ease of interpretation by
machine, all the fields are fixed width so the fields always start and stop at
predefined character positions in the line. The character positions are numbered
above the sample output lines.

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The following commands are used to read the current setup, or take a
measurement remotely. They result in a response from the AM5XT/eXT as shown
in Table 12-5.
Table 12-5. Response Protocols
COMMAND RESPONSES
COMMAND FUNCTION
(A1) Read the displays and annunciators.
(ACn) Read the displays and annunciators every n seconds until “(“ command received.
(ALE) Read line setup.
(ASE) Read send setup.
(AME) Read measure setup.
(AAE) Read auxiliary setup.
(AE) Read line, send, measure, and auxiliary setups.
DIALING COMMANDS
(TTxxxxxx) Dial Touch Tone
(DPxxxxxx) Dial Dial Pulse
(MFxxxxxx) Dial Multi Freq
xxxxxx may be a maximum of 48 digits, including any dialed digit 1-0, #, *, A, B, C, or D, or:
P = pause for dial tone and then proceed to next digit (dial tone is 1 second of continuous energy
>24 dBm).
- = wait 1 second and then proceed to next digit.
F = 500ms on hook flash and then proceed to next digit.
H = go off hook and then proceed to next digit.
A1 COMMAND
The (A1) command is used to read the contents of the AM5XT/eXT numerical displays, along with the
pertinent annunciators.
Characters Definition
1 “(“
2-5 “SEND” or “MEAS” depending on display.
6 Space
7-14 Alpha-numeric contents of left display. It is 8 characters long to allow for up to 4
characters and 4 decimal points, though currently there is never more than 1
decimal point. A “+” sign appears in this field even though it appears as a blank
on the front panel display.
15 Space
16-22 Left display annunciator. “DBM”, “DB”, or DBRN/MS”. “HOLD TONE” will appear
in character position 41-45.
23 Space
24-31 Alpha-numeric contents of right display.

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Characters Definition
32 Space
33-39 Right display annunciator. Blanks if no annunciator is on.
40 Space
41-45 Holding tone annunciator.
46 Low battery annunciator. Space if off, “*” if on. The front panel low battery
indicator is flashing decimal points that will not appear on the RS232 displays.
47 “)”
48-49 <CR> <LF>
ALE COMMAND
The (ALE) command is used to read the status of the AM5XT/eXT line control annunciators.
Characters Definition
1 “(“
2-6 “SENDZ=”
7-10 Current send impedance, left justified.
11 Space
12-18 Send pair ON/OFF hook status
19 Space
20-24 “RCVZ=”
25-28 Current receive impedance, left justified.
29 Space
30-36 Receive pair ON/OFF hook status
37 Space
38-43 Receive pair TERM/BRIDGE status
44 Space
45-46 2W-4W mode
47 Space
48-50 NOR/REV status
51 “)”
52-53 <CR> <LF>
ASE COMMAND
The (ASE) command is used to read the status of the AM5XT/eXT send control annunciators and
related items.
Characters Definition
1 “(“
2-7 “SMODEZ=”
8-12 Current send mode
13 Space

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Characters Definition
14-17 “LEV=”
18-22 Current send level (even if in quiet)
23 Space
24-27 “FRQ=”
28-34 Current var Hz frequency (even if not sending var Hz), in kHz to 1 Hz resolution.
35 Space
36-41 SF skip status
42 Space
43-49 Talk status
50 “)”
51-52 <CR> <LF>
AME COMMAND
The (AME) command is used to read the status of the AM5XT/eXT measure control annunciators and
related items.
Characters Definition
1 “(“
2-7 “MMODE=”
8-13 Current measure mode
14 “)”
15-16 <CR> <LF>
AAE COMMAND
The (AAE) command is used to read the status of the AM5XT/eXT auxiliary control annunciators and
related items.
Characters Definition
1 “(“
2-12 “L/F FILTER=”
13-15 Filter IN/OUT status
16 Space
17-23 “FILTER=”
24-29 Noise weighting filter in use
30 Space
31-34 “JTR=”
35-40 Jitter bandwidth selected
41 Space
42-47 “STUDY=”
48-52 Timed study STOP/START status
53 Space

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Characters Definition
54-57 “60 HZ” or “NO60” for 60 Hz filter status.
58 Space
59-62 “REL=”
63-67 Relative measure zero set “OFF” or with a relative reference level if on.
68 Space
69-72 “DAMP” or “NOR” for display update select.
73 “)”
74-75 <CR> <LF>
AE COMMAND
The (AE) command is used to read the entire status of the AM5XT/eXT. It gives the same response
as the (ALE), (ASE), (AME), and (AAE) commands, in that order. It gives a complete picture of the
AM5XT/eXT setup.

12.4 PASSWORD SECURITY

The following have to do with password security:
(Pxxxx) Logon with password, up to 63 characters. May not include “(“,
“)”, “!”, or “?”. Logon is not needed if password DIP switch #8 is
OFF. After turning password switch ON, unit will remain logged
on until 2 minute timeout or (B) command, just as if it had been
logged on with a password.
(AXYZxxxx) Set new password with up to 63 characters. May not include “(“,
“)”, “!”, or “?”.

12.5 MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS

The following have to do with password security:
(B) BYE, logoff
) Repeat last command entered
(Znn) Store front panel nn
(Rnn) Recall front panel nn
(AY+) Enable front panel display and keypad
(AY-) Disable front panel display and keypad
(AYK) Disable front panel keypad
(E+) Echo ON
(E-) Echo OFF

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) RS232 Commands

12.6 RS232 PORT CONFIGURATION

The operating characteristics of the RS232 port are controlled by DIP switch
settings of switches 1-4 on the rear panel. Switches 7 and 8 control front panel
setup protect and password.
See Table 3-2 for RS232 connector pin assignments.
See Table 3-3 for DIP switch settings.

12.7 AUXILIARY RS232 PORT

A second RS232 port is provided on the rear panel of the AM5XT/eXT in the form
of a 9-pin female “D” miniature connector. It is labeled “AUX” port.
It is used to connect to the RS232 port of an “auxiliary unit”, such as a printer,
test access switch, etc., which may be co-located with the AM5XT/eXT and where
it is desired to communicate with the auxiliary device via the main RS232 port of
the AM5XT/eXT.
See Table 3-4 for auxiliary RS232 connector pin assignments. The baud rate and
parity selection will be the same as that set for the main RS232 port.

12.8 DAISY CHAINING

In normal operation, the ASCII characters received by the AM5XT/eXT are decoded
and acted upon by the AM5XT/eXT in accordance with the protocol described in
¶12.2. It is possible to command the AM5XT/eXT to become transparent so that all
subsequent ASCII characters received by the AM5XT/eXT RS232 port are sent
through to the “AUX” port.
The AM5XT/eXT will respond to a two-character transparent mode command at
any time. The command is “!x”, where “x” is any character “A”-“Z”. An “A”
disables transparent mode and activates normal command processing. Any other
character puts the unit in transparent mode. The “!” character is always sent out
the “AUX” port when it is received. The character following the “!” is
decremented if it is in the range “B”-“Z”, then sent out the “AUX” port. In this
way, several AM5XT/eXT’s can be daisy chained together. “!A” will select the first
unit in the chain for command processing, “!B” selects the second unit, “!C” the
third unit, etc.

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CAUTION: DO NOT daisy chain AM5XT/eXT’s together with the baud rate set at
! 9600. Corruption of data will result.

When in transparent mode, any character received on the RS232 port is sent out
the AUX port, and vice versa. When not in transparent mode, nothing is sent out
the AUX port (except “!x” commands), and anything received on the AUX port is
ignored.

12.9 CONDITIONING MASK DEFINITION FORMAT

The eight (8) performance limits, or masks, that can be used with the
printer/plotter can be selected from the AM5XT/eXT front panel or selected and
changed remotely via the RS232 port.
The unit has a set of eight (8) masks programmed into it when it is shipped from
the factory. To recall the masks from the front panel, press [RCL] and the number
key 81-88 that corresponds to the appropriate mask. Remotely, the command is
(Rnn), where nn = 81 to 88.
To redefine a mask remotely, enter the following:
(CnN = NAME), where
n = 1 to 8 corresponding to masks
NAME is 4 characters or less.
The mask to be redefined has now been named. Now the limit specifications
must be set. The command for defining limits for Level/Frequency is:
(CnLs = FFF.FFF, SLL.L, SHH.H), where
n = mask to be redefined, 1-8
s = limit specification 1-8 within the mask for Level/Frequency
FFF.FFF = frequency in kHz, up to 6 digits
SLL.L = low level limit in dBm, up to 3 digits and a sign
SHH.H = high level limit in dBm, up to 3 digits and a sign

October 17, 2000 12-12 0022-S12.G_ 240

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) RS232 Commands

The command for redefining limits for Delay is:

(CnDs = FFF.FFF, SLL.LLL, SHH.HHH), where
n = mask to be redefined, 1-8
s = limit specification 1-8 within the mask for Delay
FFF.FFF = frequency in kHz, up to 6 digits
SLL.LLL = low delay limit in ms, up to 5 digits and a sign
SHH.HHH = high delay limit in ms, up to 5 digits and a sign
To end limit specifications for a mask, enter:
(CnLs = *) for Level/Frequency
(CnDs = *) for Delay
Example: Bell Standards require the following bandwidth parameter limits, as
shown in Table 12-6.
Table 12-6. Bandwidth Parameter Limits
ATTENUATION DISTORTION
(FREQUENCY RESPONSE) ENVELOPE DELAY DISTORTION
RELATIVE TO 1004 Hz
Channel Frequency Range (Hz) Variation (dB) Frequency Range (Hz) Variation (µs)
Conditioning
Basic 500-2500 -2 to +8 800-2600 1750
300-3000 -3 to +12

Note: A (+) means loss with respect to 1004 Hz, and (-) means gain with respect
to 1004 Hz. Therefore, (-) means a lower level, and (+) means a higher
level on the AM5XT/eXT.

Mask 1, in this example, will be for Basic channel conditioning. The name of the
mask will be BASE. Enter: (C1N = BASE).
Next, enter the lowest frequency, the low level limit, and the high level limit for
the first limit specification. For this example, enter: (C1L1 = 0.3, -12.0, 3.0).

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Continue entering the next highest frequency and the corresponding low and high
level limits:
(C1L2 = 0.5, -8.0, 2.0)
(C1L3 = 2.5, -12.0, 3.0)
(C1L4 = 3.0, -99.9, 99.9)
(C1L5 = *)
The -99.9 and 99.9 in C1L4 indicate no low or high limit for this frequency. The *
in C1L5 indicates there are no more limit specifications for this mask
(Level/Frequency).
Entering the Delay Distortion is similar to the Level/Frequency process. Enter
the lowest frequency, low delay limit, and high delay limit for the first limit
specification. Enter the next highest frequency and the corresponding low and
high delay limits. Low and high delay limits are entered in milliseconds (ms).
(C1D1 = 0.8, 0.0, 1.75)
(C1D2 = 2.6, -13.0, 13.0)
(C1D3 = *)
The -13.0 and 13.0 in C1D2 indicate no low or high delay limit. The * in C1D3
indicates there are no more limit specifications for this mask (Delay).
Mask 1 has now been redefined and stored in recall 81. To recall masks, the
command is (Rnn), where nn is 81 to 88.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Printing and Plotting

13. PRINTING AND PLOTTING

13.1 INTRODUCTION
In order for the AM5XT/eXT to give a printout, the unit must be equipped with the
optional RS232 Port (P/N 25-0019).
To use the AM5XT/eXT with an X/Y Plotter, the unit must be equipped with the X/Y
Plotter Output option (P/N 25-0045).

13.2 TYPES OF PRINTOUTS (up to Version 7)

There are two (2) types of printouts:
• Printout of the activated front panel test setup.
• Printout of the test results being displayed in the measure display. This
type of printout is possible for the following tests:
1. Level/Frequency
2. Envelope Delay (AM5XT)/Group Delay (AM5eXT)
How to implement each type of printout is discussed below.
Setup
Connect an AM47XT or other appropriate printer to the RS232 port (25-pin D-type
connector) on the rear panel.
Be sure the Baud rate is set the same as the Baud rate of the AM5XT/eXT; see
Table 3-3 for Baud rate settings for the AM5XT/eXT.
Printout of Front Panel Setup
1. Press [AUX] key.
2. Momentarily press [8].
3. The PRINT LED will not be ON during this print mode.
Printout of Measurement
1. Set LVL/FREQ, ENV DLY, or GROUP DLY Measurement display to the
display to be printed/plotted.
2. Set low and high plotting parameters by referring to ¶8.2, 8.10, and 8.11.
Refer to the section in these paragraphs entitled Plotting.

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3. Press [AUX] key.

4. Continuously press [8] for approximately 2 seconds.
5. The PRINT LED will flash ON/OFF during this print mode.
6. To exit this print mode, again continuously press [8] for approximately 2
seconds; PRINT LED will go out.

13.3 TYPES OF PRINTOUTS (Version 8 and up)

There are three (3) types of printouts:
• Printout of the activated front panel test setup.
• Printout of the plot results and measurements being displayed in the
measure display. This type of printout is possible for the following tests:
1. Level/Frequency
2. Envelope Delay (AM5XT)/Group Delay (AM5eXT)
3. Printout of the plot condition mask
Select low and high plotting parameters and plot condition mask by referring to
¶8.2, 8.3, and 8.11. Refer to the section in these paragraphs titled Plotting.
How to implement each type of printout is discussed below.
Printout of Front Panel Setup
1. Press [AUX] key.
2. Press [8, PRINT] key. Display cycles through three (3) print options and
one (1) blank option. Release [8, PRINT] key when display reads “PrnT”.
3. The PRINT LED will be ON during this print mode.
Printout of Plot Measurement Results
1. Set LVL/FREQ, ENV DLY, or GRP DLY Measurement display to the display
to be printed/plotted.
2. Set low and high plotting parameters by referring to ¶8.2, 8.10, and 8.11.
Refer to the section in these paragraphs entitled Plotting.
3. Press [AUX] key.

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4. Press [8, PRINT] key. Display cycles through three (3) print options and
one (1) blank option. Release [8, PRINT] key when display reads “PrnT
PLoT”.
5. The PRINT LED will be flashing during this mode.
Printout of Plot Condition Mask
1. Press [AUX] key.
2. Press [8, PRINT] key. Display cycles through three (3) print options and
one (1) blank option. Release [8, PRINT] key when display reads “PrnT
Cond”.
3. The PRINT LED will be flashing during this mode.
Exiting Print Mode Before Printing
1. Press [8, PRINT] key. Wait until PRINT LED stops flashing, then release
[8, PRINT] key.
Exiting Print Mode While Printing
1. Press [8, PRINT] key. Wait until PRINT LED stops flashing, then release
[8, PRINT] key.

13.4 XY PLOTTER OPERATION

Start and Stop Frequencies for Plotter Limits
1. Go to “START” frequency of frequency Sweep by pressing [SEND] key,
[SWEEP] key (or [ENV DLY] on AM5XT or [GROUP DLY] on AM5eXT), then
[PARAM SET] as necessary.
2. Enter frequency that corresponds to minimum frequency to be plotted.
3. Go to “STOP” frequency of frequency Sweep by pressing [PARAM SET]
once.
4. Enter frequency that corresponds to maximum frequency to be plotted.
Note: When using Automatic Tracking, the send rate on both units must be the
same to allow time at the beginning and end of each plot for the pen to
catch up with the change in frequencies during the Delay Time.

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Set Up Plotter Zero and Scaling

1. Choose a scale on the plotter which will keep the entire plot on the paper
and be convenient to read.
2. Go to low limit of plotting parameter (Lodb, LoEd, or LoGd) by pressing
[MEAS] key, [LVL/FREQ] key (or [ENV DLY] on AM5XT or [GROUP DLY]
on AM5eXT), then [PARAM SET] as necessary. AM5XT/eXT is now
outputting minimum frequency and minimum level or delay to plotter.
3. Adjust “ZERO” controls on plotter to obtain desired location of minimum
frequency and minimum level or delay.
4. On AM5XT/eXT, enter value of level or delay that corresponds to the
current position of the plotter.
5. Go to high limit plotter parameter (Hidb, HiEd, or HiGd) by pressing
[PARAM SET] once. AM5XT/eXT is now outputting maximum frequency
and maximum level or delay to plotter.
6. Adjust gain controls on plotter to obtain desired location of maximum
frequency and maximum level or delay.
7. On AM5XT/eXT, enter value of level or delay that corresponds to the
current location of the plotter.
8. Repeat steps 1 through 7 to minimize the effect of interaction between
the zero controls and gain controls on the plotter.
Choosing Plotter Algorithm
1. While in Measure Mode, press [PARAM SET] key as necessary to get to
“RATE” parameter.
2. For Auto-Track plotting, enter “0”. For Continuous Plotting, enter any
number except “0” (up to 255 seconds).
Begin Plot
1. Press [MEAS] key to display readings to be plotted.
2. Set Reference if relative measurement is desired. Set far end to reference
level and frequency. If Envelope Delay, also set near end to reference
level and frequency.

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3. Press [AUX] key, then [REL SET] key to establish reference level or “0”
delay.
4. Start frequency sweep at far end (or applicable end if envelope delay).
5. Wait for plotter to move to first plot point, then lower the plotting pen.
6. Wait for plotter to move to last plot point, then raise the plotting pen.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Ordering Information

14. ORDERING INFORMATION

760 Arrow Grand Circle

Covina, CA 91722 USA
TEL 626.915.5441
FAX 626.915.7181
www.ameritec.com

Table 14-1. Voice/Data Transmission Test Set Ordering

PART NO. DESCRIPTION
MAINFRAME
AM5XT Voice/Data Wideband Analog Transmission Test Set w/120 kHz bandwidth.
AM5XT-200 Voice/Data Wideband Analog Transmission Test Set w/200 kHz bandwidth.
AM5eXT Voice/Data Wideband Analog Transmission Test Set w/120 kHz bandwidth.
AM5eXT-200 Voice/Data Wideband Analog Transmission Test Set w/200 kHz bandwidth.
MAINFRAME OPTIONS
24-0017 Sealed Lead Acid Batteries and Integral Charger.
24-0019 RS232 Remote Control Port with AUX RS232 Output Port.
25-0041 Siemens type “banana” input adapter.
25-0145 310 input adapter
30-0033XT Signaling Adapter with Ring Generator.
25-0045 XY Plotter Option
25-0144 310 Option for Rack Mount Kit
25-0176 220 VAC/50Hz option for 30-0033XT.
30-0070 DDS Loopback Test Set
30-0070S DDS Loopback Test Set equipped with “Switched 56” capability.
ACCESSORIES
AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer Plotter. Includes cable and one roll of paper.
26-0014 One roll of paper for AM-47XT
87-0070 Padded Carrying case.
85-0076 19” Rack Mount Kit for AM5XT and AM5eXT.
85-0076-200 19” Rack Mount Kit for AM5XT-200 and AM5eXT-200
CABLES
48-0047 Bantam (M) to Bantam (M) Input Cable (6’).
48-0048 Bantam (M) to 310 (M) Input Cable (6’).
48-0062 Bantam (M) to Miniclip Input Cable (6’).

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Ordering Information (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

PART NO. DESCRIPTION

48-0083 Chaining Cable.
48-0084 RS232 Cable.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Warranty, Calibration, And Service

15. WARRANTY, CALIBRATION, AND SERVICE

15.1 Warranty
Ameritec Corporation warrants that its electronic instrument products are
manufactured to the highest commercial standards and are free from any defects
in material or workmanship. For a period of one (1) year from shipment,
Ameritec will repair without charge to the original purchaser any unit which
upon inspection by Ameritec proves to be defective.
This warranty is the sole warranty offered by Ameritec and is in lieu of all other
obligations or liabilities, including claims of consequential damage; however, an
EXTENDED WARRANTY PLAN may be purchased. For information contact an
Ameritec Sales Representative.

15.2 Service Policy

Ameritec products are designed with plug-in printed circuit boards and modular
assemblies. Once a problem is localized, service is accomplished by PC board
(or module) replacement.

15.3 Calibration Policy

All Ameritec products are manufactured to commercial standards and are
calibrated with equipment traceable to NIST (National Institute of Standards and
Technology). With the exception of component failures or abuse, Ameritec
instruments are designed to maintain compliance with their published
specifications throughout their service life
While periodic calibration verification is normally not required, in critical
applications it is recommended that verification be accomplished annually.
Calibration verification is most efficiently accomplished by return of the
equipment to the Ameritec factory where specialized test equipment is used.
Field calibration verification is not supported by Ameritec.

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Warranty, Calibration, And Service (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

15.4 Return of Unit

In the event of a malfunction call or write to the Ameritec factory and obtain a
return authorization number. Return the unit to Ameritec freight prepaid with a
note (in-warranty repair) or a Purchase Order for the repair (out-of-warranty
repair) listing the following information:
• Return authorization number from Ameritec.
• Return shipment address of purchaser.
• Name and telephone number of person at purchaser's location familiar
with the problem.
• Brief description of problem (include any printouts that may have a
bearing on the problem, if possible).
• Terms of payment for repair costs (out-of-warranty unit).
The unit will be repaired and returned freight-prepaid for units in warranty and
freight-collect for units out-of-warranty. As stated above, a Purchase Order to
cover the cost of repair must accompany any out-of-warranty return of the unit
to Ameritec.

760 Arrow Grand Circle

Covina, CA 91722 USA
TEL 626.915.5441
FAX 626.915.7181
www.ameritec.com

October 17, 2000 15-2 0022-S15.G_ 247

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Technical Specifications

16. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

16.1 Measurements
PARAMETER RANGE
Level -65 to +10 dBm
Frequency 20 Hz to 120 kHz
Noise AM5XT, 10 to 100 dBrn AM5eXT, -80 to +10 dBm
Noise with Tone AM5XT, 10 to 100 dBrn AM5eXT, -80 to +10 dBm
S/N Ratio 10 to 50 dB
Noise to Ground AM5XT, 40 to 130 dBrn AM5eXT, -50 to +40 dBm
Impulse Noise 3 Level
Transients Phase Hits, Gain Hits, Interruptions, Impulse Noise
Micro Interruptions Return Loss 2 Wire, 4 Wire
Envelope Delay Distortion AM5XT
Group Delay AM5eXT
Phase Jitter
Amplitude (Gain) Jitter
P/AR
Intermodulation Distortion U.S. Patent 3,862,380

16.2 Send Functions (Signal Generator)

PARAMETER RANGE
VAR Variable frequency/level settable by user.
Frequency Range 20 Hz to 120 kHz
Frequency Resolution a. 10 Hz single stepping 100 Hz automatic repeat stepping.
b. 1 Hz from 20 to 9999 Hz; 10 Hz from 10 kHz to 99.99 kHz; 100 Hz
from 100 kHz to 120 kHz using 4-digit manual parameter entry.
c. 1 Hz through the whole range using remote control via RS232 port.
Frequency Accuracy +0.01%
(Tolerance)
Level Range -50 dBm to +10 dBm for the entire frequency range.
Level Resolution 0.1 dB through the entire range, any mode of entry.

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Technical Specifications (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

PARAMETER RANGE
Level Accuracy DISTORTION READING
R
(Tolerance) C
10 dB 55 dB 65 dB
V 0 dBm
L ±1.0 dB ±1.5 dB
E -30 dBm
V ±1.0 dB ±2.5 dB
E -40 dBm
L
Accuracy is not specified below 400 Hz when using 135Ω (150Ω,
AM5eXT) termination.
Signaling Frequencies Frequency Range skipped in automatic sweep modes or disallowed in
(SF) Skip manual entry modes, when SF function is selected, is: 2450 Hz to 2750 Hz
(2130 Hz to 2430 Hz AM5eXT).
Holding Tone Used when performing Level/Frequency (when not in VAR mode),
Phase/Amplitude Jitter, Noise with Tone, or Transients Measurements.
Alternately, the operator can set the desired frequency (e.g. 1020 Hz)
using VAR.
Frequency 1004 Hz @ <0.1 deg phase jitter
Level -50 to +10 dBm
2 kHz Tone Selected under VAR mode when measuring micro interruptions.
Frequency 2 kHz
Level/Range -50 to +10 dBm
Slope Tones Tones generated when measuring gain slope (frequency response).
Fixed Tones
Frequencies 404, 1004, 2804 Hz (AM5XT); 304, 1004, 2004, 3004 Hz (AM5eXT)
Dwell 5 seconds per tone default. Operator settable (.1 to 999.9).
Level Range -50 to +10 dBm
Sweep Mode Operator settable level (20 Hz – 120 kHz), start frequency, stop frequency,
frequency step size, step rate, and delay to start of next sweep.
Return Loss All signals specified below are band limited noise. The frequency
characteristics are indicated in Tables 16-1, 16-2, and 16-3.
Echo Return Loss 560 to 1965 Hz
(ERL)
Singing Return Loss – 260 to 500 Hz
Low (SRL-LO)
Singing Return Loss – 2220 to 3400 Hz
High (SRL-HI)
Level Settable: -2 to -10 dBm
Level Accuracy ±0.5 dB

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Technical Specifications

Peak to Average Ratio

(PAR)
P/AR Line Spectrum Per IEEE 4.6.2.1. See Table 16-4.
P/AR Distortion Spurious outputs ≤4 kHz >50 dB below component at 1890.625 Hz.
Spurious outputs >4 kHz >40 dB below component at 1890.625 Hz.
Period 64.0ms ±0.1%
Level Range 0 to –40 dBm (true RMS)
Group Delay Transmitter
(CCITT 0.81) (AM5eXT)
Reference Signal 1800 Hz default, settable 200 Hz to 20 kHz ±0.5%
(Carrier) Frequency
Measuring Signal
(Carrier) Sweep
Start Frequency 200 – 20 kHz
Stop Frequency 200 – 20 kHz
Step Size 1 – 9999 Hz
Rate 0.1 – 999.9 sec. This is the length of time each measuring carrier will be
generated. The finest resolution is 0.24 sec (based on change over
frequency). Due to this fact, the AM5eXT will round the entered value to
the nearest 0.24 sec.
Delay Before Start 0.1 – 999.9 sec
& After Stop
Modulation Signal
Frequency 41.66 Hz ±0.5%
Modulation Depth 0.4 ± 0.05 (40% ±5%)
Identifying Signal
Frequency 166.6 Hz ± 0.5% (derived from modulation frequency)
Modulation Depth 0.2 ± 0.05 (20% ±5%)
Send Duration of 24ms (1 cycle of modulation signal)
Signal
Change Over Minimum period at which measured carrier can be changed to a new value
Frequency
Frequency 4.166 Hz ± 0.5% (derived from modulation frequency)
Period 240ms
Composite Output
Signal
Level -40 dBm to +10 dBm (600Ω)
Level Accuracy ±0.3 dBm
Modulation <1% (Ratio of RMS value of unwanted sidebands to that of wanted
Distortion sidebands)

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Technical Specifications (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

PARAMETER RANGE
Carrier Change <100µs (From one carrier to the next)
Over Time
Deviation Between ≤±0.2ms (Figure 2-8)
Carrier Change
Over Point and
Envelope Minimum
Harmonic Distortion <1.0%
Spurious Distortion <0.1%
Maximum Error in 200 – 400 Hz ±5µs
Group Delay 400 – 600 Hz ±3µs
Measurement 600 – 20K Hz ±1µs
Contributed by
Generator
Envelope Delay
Distortion Transmitter
(AM5XT)
Frequency Range 200 – 4000 Hz ±1 Hz
Level Range 10 t0 –40 dBm ±.1 dB
Delay Distortion of <±5µs 600 to 4000 Hz
Transmitter <±15µs 200 to 599 Hz
Modulation 83.333 Hz ±0.1% 50% ±5%
Distortion 83.33, 3 fc + 83.3 Hz at least 52 dB below carrier. Other spurious signals
at least 46 dB below carrier. Total distortion at least 43 dB below carrier.
Non-Linear Distortion U.S. Patent 3,862,380
(4 Tone)
Transmitter
Level Range 0 to –40 dBm RMS
Level Accuracy ±1 dB
Spectrum 857, 863, 1372, 1388 Hz at equal (±0.2 dB) levels
Harmonic Distortion >35 dB below tone
Background Noise Any noise within passband of distortion filters >70 dB below 4 tone signal.
Signal/Noise Check 857, 863 Hz pair
Self Check Signal
2nd Order 20 ±0.5 dB
3rd Order 30 ±0.5 dB

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Technical Specifications

16.3 Receive Functions

PARAMETER RANGE
Level Measure
Range -64.9 to +10 dBm
Resolution 0.1 dB
Accuracy in dB 20 Hz 200 Hz 20 kHz 120 kHz
+10 dBm
±.5 ±.2 ±.5
-50 dBm
±1.0 ±1.0 ±1.0
-65 dBm

At 1004-1020 Hz, accuracy is ±0.1 dBm from 0 to –20 dBm. When using
135Ω (150Ω, AM5eXT) accuracy is not specified below 400 Hz.
Noise Protection Low frequency (60 Hz) switchable in or out. High frequency, 120 kHz low
pass always inserted. In addition, 15K Flat (AM5XT) or Sound
Unweighted (AM5eXT) filter may be inserted.
Detector Average
Frequency Measure
Range 20 Hz to 120 kHz
Resolution/Accuracy 20 Hz to 10 kHz – 1 Hz/±1 Hz; 10 kHz to 100 kHz – 10 Hz/±10 Hz; 100
kHz to 120 kHz – 100 Hz/±100 Hz
Signal Level -55 to +10 dBm with S/N ratio >20 dB
Noise Measure
Level 1004 Hz @ <0.1 deg phase jitter
Noise (AM5XT) 10 to 99 dBrn (20 - 99 dBrn @ 135Ω)
Noise (AM5eXT) -80 to +9 dBm (-70 - +9 dBm @ 150Ω)
Noise to Ground 40 to 129 dBrn
(AM5XT)
Noise to Ground -50 to +39 dBm
(AM5eXT)
Resolution 1 dB
Accuracy
Noise (AM5XT) 20 to 99 dBrn, ±1 dB; 10 to 20 dBrn, ±2 dB (±1 dB CMSG)
Noise (AM5eXT) -70 to +9 dBm, ±1 dB; -80 to –70 dBm, ±2 dB (±1 dB PSO)
Noise to Ground ±1.5 dB
Filters
(AM5XT) C-Message, Program 3 kHz flat, 15 kHz flat, 50 k Bit, 60 Hz
(AM5eXT) Psophometric (P.53), Sound Wtd. (J.16), Sound Unwtd (J.16), Flat (275-
3250 Hz) (O.71), Flat (750-2300 Hz) (O.71), 60 Hz
Detector RMS or Quasi-Peak (J.16) (AM5eXT only) as selected.

0022-S16.G_ 271 16-5 October 17, 2000

Technical Specifications (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

PARAMETER RANGE
Noise With Tone Measure
Notch 995 – 1025 Hz, 50 dB minimum (Other specifications same as Noise
Measure).
Signal to Noise Measure
Signal Range -40 to +10 dBm
Noise Range
(AM5XT) 10 dBrn to 70 dBrn
(AM5eXT) -80 to –20 dBm
Display Range 10 to 60 dB
Accuracy
(AM5XT) Noise above 20 dBrn, ±1 dB; Noise below 20 dBrn, ±2 dB (±1 dB
CMSG)
(AM5eXT) Noise above -70 dBm, ±1 dB; Noise below -70 dBm, ±2 dB (±1 dB PSO)
(Both S/N Ratio 0 – 40 dB, ±1 dB; S/N Ratio 40 – 45 dB, ±2 dB; S/N Ratio 45
– 50 dB, ±3 dB; S/N Ratio 50 – 60 dB, ±3 dB (typical performance, not
guaranteed).
Impulse Noise Measure
(3 Level) AM5XT AM5eXT
Minimum Threshold 30 dBrn -60 dBm
Maximum Threshold 135Ω (150Ω) 112 dBrn +22 dBm
600Ω 106 dBrn +16 dBm
900Ω 104 dBrn +14 dBm
1200Ω 103 dBrn +13 dBm
Threshold Difference 2, 3, 4, 6 dB, Operator settable
Threshold Accuracy ±1 dB
Study Timer User settable 0.1 – 999.9 min. or continuous. Default = 15.0 min.
Max Count 9999 (each threshold)
Dead Time Settable 1-255ms (125ms default)
Impulse Noise with Tone See Transients
Measure
P/AR Measure
Test Signal P/AR Waveform
Range 0 to 120 P/AR units
Resolution 1 P/AR unit
Accuracy P/AR = 30 to 110 - ±2 P/AR units; P/AR = 0 to 120 - ±4 P/AR units
Signal Level Range -50 to 0 dBm (measured with RMS detector)
Receive Filter 2 cascaded bandpass filters Q = 2, F = 1300 Hz
Detectors Full Wave Average, Peak and RMS

October 17, 2000 16-6 0022-S16.G_ 271

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Technical Specifications

PARAMETER RANGE
Return Loss Measure
Test Signals Band limited white noise (ERL, SRL-LO, SRL-HI) or sine wave @ -10 to
–2 dBm
Range 0 to 40 dB (2 wire); 0 to 50 dB (4 wire)
Resolution 0.1 dB
Accuracy ±0.5 dB
4 Wire Level +99.9 to -99.9 dB IN .1 dB steps
Compensation (TLP)
Detector True RMS
Group Delay Measure (AM5eXT)
Input Level Range -50 dBm to +10 dBm (-40 dBm for 135/150Ω)
Delay Measuring Range -12000 to +12000µs
Delay Measuring ±1% of reading + errors from table below
Accuracy Measuring Freq Additional Error
200 to 400 Hz 50 µs
400 to 600 Hz 15 µs
600 to 20K Hz 5 µs
Amplitude Variation Additional Error
0 to 10 dB 50 µs
10 to 30 dB 10 µs
30 to 50 dB 20 µs
Level Measurement Relative Level Relative Level Absolute Level
Accuracy Reading (±) Accuracy Accuracy
0 to 10 dB +0.15 dB ±0.25 dBm
10 to 30 dB ±0.30 dB +0.30 dBm
30 to 40 dB ±0.50 dB +0.50 dBm
40 to 50 dB ±1.00 dB ±1.00 dBm
Frequency Readings ±1%
Noise Immunity A low pass filter to reduce interfering signals above 4 kHz is selectable.
The filter meets the following requirements: Group delay at 2600 Hz
relative to 1 kHz <±5µs; Group delay at 2800 Hz relative to 1 kHz
<±30µs.
Group delay error <±20µs in presence of white noise, band limited to 4
kHz, at a level of 26 dB below carrier level and a sweep rate less than 25
Hz/sec.
The error due to presence of tone near the reference or mreasuring
signal, when the level of the tone is 26 dB below the signal, will be as
follows:
Tone Frequency Deviation from Signal Error - ±150 Hz = ≤20µs; ±200
Hz = ≤2µs.

0022-S16.G_ 271 16-7 October 17, 2000

Technical Specifications (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Envelope Delay (AM5XT)

Distortion Receiver
Measurement Range -3000 to +9000µs
Frequency Range 200 – 4000 Hz
Level Range -40 to +10 dBm
Resolution 1 microsecond
Accuracy 600 – 4000 Hz, ±5µs; 200 – 599 Hz, ±15µs
Display Response Time <1 second
Repeat Mode Settling <3 seconds
Time
Signal/Noise Ratio Accuracy specifications are met with S/N ratio ≥24 dB
Turnover Accuracy is unaffected by interchanging the input leads
Analog Output DC voltages suitable for driving an X-Y recorder are provided
Drift After warm-up, the reference zero will not drift by more than 10
microseconds in any 30 minute period.
Repeat Mode Both forward reference and return reference modes are provided.
Hold Mode Provides a 2-wire “one way” measurement with drift <15µs per minute
Phase Jitter Measure (IEEE, CCITT O.91)
Test Signal 990 – 1030 Hz <0.1 Deg Jitter, -40 to +10 dBm
Jitter Range 0.0 to 30 Degrees P-P
Accuracy ±5% of Value, ±0.2 Degrees
Noise Protection 400 Hz high pass, 12 dB/octave 1800 Hz low pass, 24 dB/octave Band
limited (250-3500 Hz) white noise down 30 dB from 12 kHz sine wave
reads <4 degrees jitter peak-peak
Single Frequency Per IEEE 4.5.1.76 (no applicable CCITT specification)
Interference
Frequency Weighting 4-300 Hz, see Table 16-5. 4-20 Hz, see Table 16-5. 20-300 Hz, see
Table 16-5.
Level to Phase Per IEEE 4.5.1.8 and CCITT O.91 2.5
Conversion
Amplitude to Phase Using a test signal of 1 kHz 10% amplitude modulated, the phase jitter
Conversion reads less than 0.2 degrees
Peak Detector Per IEEE 5.4.1.11 and CCITT O.91
Performance
Demodulated Signals Carrier – provided; Phase Jitter – provided
Time to Display Correct 4-20, 4-300 Hz – 25 seconds; 20-300 Hz – 4 seconds
Reading

October 17, 2000 16-8 0022-S16.G_ 271

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Technical Specifications

Amplitude Jitter
Test Signal 990-1030 Hz <0.1% jitter, -40 to +10 dBm
Accuracy ±5% of reading ±0.2%
Measurement Range 0.0 – 25.0% Peak
Noise Rejection Per IEEE 4.5.2.5
Frequency Weighting See Table 16-6 and 16-7
Using Two Tone Test
Signal of IEEE 4.5.2.6
Signal Frequency Per IEEE 4.5.2.7
Interference
Level to Amplitude Jitter Per IEEE 4.5.2.8
Conversion
Phase to Amplitude Per IEEE 4.5.2.9
Jitter Conversion
Measurement Per IEEE 4.5.2.10
Averaging Time
Detector Peak-to-Peak per IEEE 4.5.2.11
Time to Display Correct 4-300 Hz – 25 seconds; 20-300 Hz – 4 seconds
Reading
Demodulated Signal Provided
Output
Transients
Test Signal 995-1025 Hz, +10 to –40 dBm tone with >20 dB S/N ratio (C-Notch)
Blanking Interval 125ms factory default 1-255ms operator settable
Qualification Interval 3.5 – 4.39ms (AM5XT); 3.6 – 4.4ms (AM5eXT)
Polarity of Input Signal Accuracy specifications are met with interchange of input leads.
Study Timer 0.1 to 999.9 minutes accurate to ±0.1%
Count Hierarchy Dropout blocks all counters for duration plus 1 second
Noise Protection for Hit High pass with cutoff frequency of 400 Hz and 12 dB per octave rolloff
and Dropout Counters plus low pass with cutoff frequency of 1800 Hz and 24 dB per octave
rolloff. Satisfies IEEE & CCITT requirements for single frequency
interference, amplitude to phase conversion, phase to amplitude
conversion, and hit amplitude and duration limits.
Counters All counters are 4 digit (9999 max)
Impulse Noise (3 Level) AM5XT AM5eXT
Minimum Threshold 30 dBrn -60 dBm
Maximum Threshold 135Ω (150Ω) 112 dBrn +22 dBm
600Ω 106 dBrn +16 dBm
900Ω 104 dBrn +14 dBm
1200Ω 103 dBrn +13 dBm
Threshold Difference 2, 3, 4, 6 dB

0022-S16.G_ 271 16-9 October 17, 2000

Technical Specifications (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

PARAMETER RANGE
Threshold Accuracy ±1 dB
Filters See 3.3, Filters
Counter The counters for low, mid, and high threshold operate independently and
Independence simultaneously as required by input conditions.
Phase Hits
Threshold Range 5-45 Degrees in 1 Degree Steps
Threshold Accuracy ±(10% of setting +.5 Degrees)
Single Frequency Per IEEEE 4.4.4.4 (No applicable CCITT Spec)
Interference
Amplitude to Phase 10 dB gain hit will not cause phase hit with 10 Degrees threshold setting
Conversion
Loop Recovery Time Tested with linear phase change of 100 Degrees and 20 Degrees
(Hit Rate of Change) threshold. Rise time > 50ms = no count. Rise time < 20ms = count
Phase Hit Amplitude With threshold of 20 degrees and phase hits of 25 degrees. Count All >
and Duration Limits 5.0ms Count none < 3.6ms
Gain Hits
Threshold Settings 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 dB (AM5eXT does not have 10 dB setting)
Threshold Accuracy ±0.5 dB (0.2ms rise time)
Single Frequency Per IEEEE 4.4.5.4 (No applicable CCITT Spec)
Interference
Phase to Amplitude 180 Degrees phase hit shall not count at any threshold
Conversion
Loop Recovery (Hit Test with linear amplitude change of 4 dB in either direction and threshold
Rate of Change) set to 2 dB. Rise time > 600ms = no count. Rise time < 200ms = count
Gain Hit Amplitude With threshold of 2 dB and hits of 3 dB. Count All ≥ 5.0ms Count none
and Duration Limits ≤ 3.6ms
Interruptions (AM5eXT)
Level Thresholds 6 dB and 10 dB (10 dB interruption blocks Hit and Impulse counters)
Threshold Accuracy ±1 dB
Qualification < 2.0ms Ignore >3.5ms Recognize
Separation > 4.0ms to guarantee recognition as separate
Dropouts (AM5XT)
Threshold 12 ±1 dB
Single Frequency Per IEEEE 4.4.6.3 (No applicable CCITT Spec)
Interference
Ancillary Detector – 0 = signal above threshold 1 = signal below threshold
HCMOS 5v Logic
Outputs

October 17, 2000 16-10 0022-S16.G_ 271

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Technical Specifications

Micro Interruptions (O.62)

Test Signal Frequency 2000 ± 100 Hz
Input Level Range -30 dB to +10 dB
Level Threshold Below Selectable 3, 6, 10, 20 dB
Initial Level
Threshold Accuracy ±1 dB @ 3, 6, 10 dB ±2 dB @ 20 dB
Detector Sensitivity to 100% detected if >0.45ms 50% detected at 0.3ms duration
Interruption Duration
Dead Time Selectable 1-225ms or Shortest Possible (as short as 500µs)
Auxiliary Detector HCMOS 5V logic output. 0 = signal above threshold 1 = signal below
Output threshold
Study Timer Same as for impulse noise
Counters 5 four-digit Counters based on duration of interruption.
CNT1 for 0.3 – 3ms duration
CNT2 for 3 – 30ms duration
CNT3 for 30 – 300ms duration
CNT4 for 300ms – 1 minute duration
CNT5 for > 1 minute duration
Non-Linear Distortion (4 Tone) U.S Patent 3,862,380
Receiver
Signal Level 0 to –40 dBm
Measurement Range 10 to 65 dB for 2 nd and 3rd order products
Resolution 0.1 dB
Measurement DISTORTION READING
R
Accuracy C
10 dB 55 dB 65 dB
V 0 dBm
L ±1.0 dB ±1.5 dB
E -30 dBm
V ±1.0 dB ±2.5 dB
E -40 dBm
L
(Accuracy not specified for 135Ω/150Ω if level < -30 dBm)
Filter Characteristics
2nd Order 503-537, 2223-2257 Hz
3rd Order 1877-1923 Hz Bandwidth test per O.42, 3.2.4; IEEE 4.6.3.2.4, 4.6.3.2.5
Detector RMS
Crosstalk Generator does not impact receiver accuracy
Signal/Noise Correction Automatic
Spurious Tone Provided
Detection
Measurement Within 1 dB of final reading 10 seconds
Response Time
Display Update Rate 3 seconds

0022-S16.G_ 271 16-11 October 17, 2000

Technical Specifications (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

16.4 General
PARAMETER RANGE
Input 2 or 4 wire transmission line. Separate 135Ω(150Ω), 600Ω, 900Ω,
or 1200Ω selectable terminate impedance (50 KΩ) bridge.
Separate DC hold circuits.
DC Blocking 200 VDC
Balance >90 dB, 50 Hz – 120 Hz: decreasing 6 dB per octave above 120 Hz.
Return Loss 150Ω 600 - 1200Ω
20 - 200 Hz >15 dB >25 dB
200 - 20K Hz >30 dB >40 dB
20K - 120K Hz >30 dB >30 dB
Signaling Pulse, DTMF (touch tone), or MF (multi-frequency) from full 16
button keypad.
Monitor/Talk Built-in speaker monitor and microphone with 2/4 wire hybrid for
hands free speaker phone or push-to-talk operation.
Power 115 VAC or 230 VAC 50/60 Hz @ 26 VA. Internal rechargeable
battery (sealed lead/acid) optional. Battery charge life
approximately 5 hours. Low battery warning at .5 hour remaining.
Weight Basic Unit Net: 5 lbs. Shipping: 8 lbs.
W/Battery Option Net: 10 lbs. Shipping: 13 lbs.
Dimensions Portable: 8.3”W x 3.5”H x 12.1”D
Rack Mt: 19.0”W x 3.5”H x 12.1”D
Operating 0 to 40 deg. Celsius
Storage -40 to +75 deg. Celsius
Humidity 10% to 90% non-condensing
Line Connections Dual miniature phone jack (mates with ADC PJ777 or Switchcraft
TT253. Commonly known as “Bantam” plug). 0.173” dia. On .312”
centers (front panel) and screw terminal strip (rear panel).
Remote Control Port (Optional)
Type RS232, ASCII
Baud Rate 300, 1200, 2400, 9600 baud switch-selectable
Connection 25 pin male, D-miniature type
Parity Odd, even, or none; switch-selectable
Functions All functions and settings of set may be remotely controlled. All
measurements may be remotely accessed.

October 17, 2000 16-12 0022-S16.G_ 271

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Technical Specifications

Auxiliary Port (Furnished with Remote Control Port

Type RS232, ASCII
Baud Rate 300, 1200, 2400, 9600 baud switch-selectable
Connection 9 pin female, D-miniature type
Parity Odd, even, or none; switch-selectable
Store/Recall Functions 40 user-defined unit setups
40 user-defined line related setups
10 user-defined telephone numbers (plus last number redialed)
Specifications may be changed without notice.

Table 16-1. ERL Filter Response (Frequency Weighting)

Frequency (Hz) Relative Loss (dB) Tolerance (dB)
<200 >30.0 ---
300 21.8 ±2.3
560 3.0 ±0.4
750 0.2 ±0.2
1000 0.0 ±0.1
1500 0.1 ±0.2
1965 3.0 ±0.4
2400 10.9 ±1.2
3000 22.9 ±3.0
4000 42.6 ±5.0
>5000 >45.0 ---

Table 16-2. SRL Low Filter Response (Frequency Weighting)

Frequency (Hz) Relative Loss (dB) Tolerance (dB)
<100 >20 ---
120 20 ±3.0
200 9.5 ±1.1
260 3 ±0.5
360 0 ±0.2
500 3 ±0.5
650 10 ±1.2
1000 20 ±3.0
>1200 >20 ---

0022-S16.G_ 271 16-13 October 17, 2000

Technical Specifications (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Table 16-3. SRL High Filter Response (Frequency Weighting)

Frequency (Hz) Relative Loss (dB) Tolerance (dB)
<1000 >30 ---
1300 30 ±4.0
2000 11.5 ±1.3
2200 3 ±0.5
2700 0 ±0.2
3400 3 ±0.5
3700 10.9 ±1.3
5700 30 ±4.0
>6000 >30 ---

Table 16-4. P/AR Line Spectrum

LINE SPECTRUM LINE SPECTRUM TOLERANCE
Frequency (Hz) Magnitude (dB) Phase (Degree) Level (±dB) Phase (±Degree)
140.625 -33.737 -173.73 0.80 5.0
390.625 -15.881 -161.24 0.30 3.0
640.625 -14.556 -143.95 0.20 2.0
890.625 -15.181 -114.31 0.20 0.5
1140.626 -16.303 -55.37 0.20 0.4
1390.625 -11.937 30.19 0.10 0.4
1640.625 -3.961 86.41 0.10 0.4
1890.625 -0.000 113.78 0.00 0.4
2140.625 -0.438 128.62 0.10 0.4
2390.626 -3.104 137.78 0.10 0.4
2640.625 -6.512 144.00 0.20 0.5
2890.625 -10.082 148.52 0.20 1.0
3140.625 -13.658 151.95 0.30 3.0
3390.625 -17.240 154.67 0.30 4.0
3640.625 -20-892 156.87 0.30 5.0
3890.625 -24.722 158.70 0.50 5.0

October 17, 2000 16-14 0022-S16.G_ 271

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Technical Specifications

Table 16-5. Combination of IEEE and O.91 Specification

Phase Jitter (Degrees)
Frequency Difference (Hz) Frequency Band (Hz)
4 – 300 4 – 20 20 – 300
0.3 <1 <1 XXX
0.4 <1 <1 XXX
0.75 <3 <3 XXX
1.0 <3 <3 XXX
1.5 <8 <8 XXX
2.0 <8 <8 <1
4.0 10.7 ± 1.5 10.7 ± 1.5 XXX
5.0 XXX XXX <3
6.0 11.2 ± 1.0 11.2 ± 1.0 XXX
8.0 11.5 ± 0.7 11.5 ± 0.7 XXX
10.0 11.5 ± 0.7 11.5 ± 0.7 <8
12.0 11.5 ± 0.7 11.5 ± 0.7 <10
16.0 11.5 ± 0.7 11.5 ± 0.7 XXX
20.0 11.5 ± 0.7 11.1 ± 1.1 11.5 ± 0.7
33.0 11.5 ± 0.7 <3 11.5 ± 0.7
47.0 11.5 ± 0.7 <1 11.5 ± 0.7
240 11.5 ± 0.7 XXX 11.5 ± 0.7
300 11.1 ± 1.1 XXX 11.1 ± 1.1
500 <3 XXX <3
700 <1 XXX <1
XXX = Does NOT APPLY

Table 16-6. Amplitude Jitter Frequency Weighting 20 – 300 Hz

Frequency Difference (Hz) Amplitude Jitter Reading (%)
2 <0.9
5 <2.6
10 <7.0
20 – 240 9.4 – 10.6
300 8.7 – 10.6
500 <2.6

0022-S16.G_ 271 16-15 October 17, 2000

Technical Specifications (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Table 16-7. Amplitude Jitter Frequency Weighting 4 – 300 Hz

Frequency Difference (Hz) Amplitude Jitter Reading (%)
0.4 <0.9
1.0 <2.6
2.0 <7.0
4.0 8.0 – 10.6
8 – 240 9.4 – 10.6
300 8.7 – 10.6
500 <2.6

October 17, 2000 16-16 0022-S16.G_ 271

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Appendix A: Calibration

A. APPENDIX A: CALIBRATION
A.1 Scope
This procedure is to calibrate and validate the calibration of the AM5-XT, AM5eXT,
AM5-XT-200, and AM5eXT-200 with 105A or later software only. Refer to the AM5-
XT Instruction Manual (Section 7.02, Quiet mode) to help identify the software
version the unit currently has installed.

A.2 Equipment Required

• A highly accurate AC voltmeter (up to 4 decimal places, +/- 0.1% at 1000 Hz)
• Bantam to Minigator and/or Bantam to Bantam cables.
• A 600Ω load resistor, accurate to 1% tolerance (1/4 watt).

A.3 Calibration Procedure

Transmit and Receive Calibration
1. Remove all input leads.
2. Connect T1 and R1 leads of the AM5eXT of either the front right bantam jack
or rear terminal screws to the AC Voltmeter.
3. Set the voltmeter to measure AC voltage.
4. Press [AUX] key to enter AUX mode.
5. Press [#] key. The unit display will read “AUTO CAL?”.
6. Press [#] key again. The unit display will read “FULL CAL?”.
7. Toggle dip switch 5 on the back panel to enable “FULL CAL?”.
Note: To abort “FULL CAL?” press any key other than [D].
8. Press the [D, ENTER] key. Display will read V1 on the left and four dashes
on the right. PARAM SET LED will turn on. Wait approximately 3 seconds
for the AC voltmeter reading to stabilize.
9. Enter V1 from the voltmeter reading (4 digits) in millivolts. The PARAM
SET LED will blink. The voltage should be larger than 3431 mV and smaller
than 4319 mV. Press the [D, ENTER] key twice to enter the reading. Any

0022-X0A.G_ 270 A-1 October 17, 2000

Warranty, Calibration, And Service (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

voltage entered outside the lower and upper ranges will display “DATA
ERROR” and any key pressed thereafter will abort calibration. The PARAM
SET LED will remain on.
Note: If the calibration procedure is aborted before completion, power the unit
off, and then on again. The unit display should read “FULL CAL?”.
Press [D, ENTER] key and complete steps 9 through 14.
Repeat Steps 11 and 12 until you have entered voltages for V2 to V9. The
minimum and maximum of readings are as follows.
D ISPLAY VALID RANGES
lower upper
V1 ---- 3431 mV 4319 mV
V2 ---- 859.2 mV 1081 mV
V3 ---- 632.8 mV 796.5 mV
V4 ---- 158.7 mV 199.6 mV
The rest of the voltages should be entered as the AC voltmeter reads in
millivolts *(times) 10. Your measurements should be within the below
ranges.
V5 ---- 1587 mV 1996 mV
V6 ---- 109.6 mV 137.9 mV
V7 ---- 282.5 mV 355.6 mV
V8 ---- 206.8 mV 260.2 mV
V9 ---- 54.13 mV 68.13 mV
10. After V9 is entered, display will be blank on the left and read “CAL?” on the
right. PARAM SET LED will go out.
11. Disconnect the AC voltmeter leads from the AM5eXT being calibrated.
12. Press [D, ENTER] key. The unit will begin to calibrate itself. This process
takes approximately 4 minutes. After calibration is completed, unit goes to
AUX mode, displaying “UNDR”. Now Auto Calibration must be conducted.
Auto Calibration (Receive Only)
1. Remove all input leads on the unit to be calibrated.
2. Press [AUX] key to enter auxiliary mode.

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AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Appendix A: Calibration

3. Press [#] key. The left display will prompt with “AUTO CAL?”
4. Press [D] or [ENTER] key.
5. Wait approximately 45 seconds for the auto calibration to complete.

A.4 Validation Procedure

1. Connect the Bantam to Minigator cable from the AM5 “4W SEND” to the
600Ω load resistor.
2. Connect the AC volt meter leads to the 600Ω resistor. See the drawing
below.

AC Voltmeter AM5

600 ohm load resistor

3. Set the voltmeter to measure AC voltage.

4. Program the AM5 to 4W, 600Ω Term and transmit 1004 Hz at different levels.
Read AC voltage on the Voltmeter and make sure readings correspond to the
values below:
Low High
Transmit 1004 Hz @ +5 dBm 1.363 V 1.393 V
-10 dBm 242.2 mV 247.70 mV
-25 dBm 43.70 mV 44.40 mV
-40 dBm 7.66 mV 7.83 mV
-50 dBm 2.32 mV 2.59 mV
Note: Any reading which does not fall within the above values indicates
that the unit is in need of re-calibration. Refer to the Calibration
Procedure.
Refer to the Self-Test Instructions in the User Manual to verify proper
operation. If the unit fails Calibration, Validation of Calibration, or the Self
Test Instructions twice, the unit should be sent to Ameritec for repair.

0022-X0A.G_ 270 A-3 October 17, 2000

Warranty, Calibration, And Service (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

October 17, 2000 A-4 0022-X0A.G_ 270

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Index

AAE Command ................................. 12-9

INDEX Absolute Measurement ....................3-9, 9-8
AC Operation ......................................5-2
#
AC Power Selector Switch ................... 3-12
1004 Hz..............................................7-3 Acceptable Holding Tone Ranges ............3-9
15 kHz Flat Weighting Characteristic ..... 9-10 Accessories ............................... 3-23, 14-1
160kHz-Filter Noise Measurement...........8-7 AE Command.................................. 12-10
19” Rack Mounting Kit ....................... 3-15 ALE Command.................................. 12-8
2 kHz Flat Characteristic...................... 9-13 AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer ............... 3-16
2 kHz Tone ....................................... 16-2 AM-47XT Hand-Held Printer
2-Position DIP Switch, AM-47XT ......... 3-18 Connection with AC Power ...............5-3
2-Tone Signal .................................... 7-15 AM-47XT Technical Specifications ....... 3-16
2-Wire Envelope Delay ....................... 8-24 AM5eXT Noise Weighting Filters...........9-4
2-Wire Envelope Delay Setup ............... 8-25 AM5eXT-200 (ce)................................1-2
2-Wire Far to Near Test....................... 8-25 AM5XT Noise Weighting Filters............9-3
2-Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram .........6-3 AM5XT/eXT Basic Units ......................1-2
2-Wire Return Loss ............................ 8-15 AM5XT/eXT Connection Cables.............5-4
2-Wire Testing with Responder...............5-8 AME Command................................. 12-9
2W (2-Wire)........................................6-8 AMP JTR ......................................... 8-35
3 kHz Flat Characteristic...................... 9-13 Amplitude Jitter ......................... 8-35, 16-9
3 kHz Flat Weighting Characteristic....... 9-10 Amplitude Jitter
Frequency Weighting...........16-15, 16-16
4-Tone Signal .................................... 7-14
Appendix A: Calibration.......................A-1
4-Wire End-to-End Testing ....................5-6
ASE Command .................................. 12-8
4-Wire Envelope Delay Setup ............... 8-20
Auto Calibrate .....................................4-3
4-Wire Far to Near Test....................... 8-23
Auto Calibration (Receive Only) ............A-2
4-Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram .........6-3
Automatic Speed Dialing ..................... 10-4
4-Wire Near to Far Test....................... 8-21
Auxiliary Control Commands ............... 12-5
4-Wire Return Loss ............................ 8-16
Auxiliary Function Enable .....................9-1
4-Wire Testing with Responder...............5-7
Auxiliary Function Row Enable Key ........3-6
4W (4-Wire)........................................6-8
Auxiliary Functions ..............................9-1
50 Kilobit Weighting Characteristic ....... 9-11
Auxiliary Port.................................. 16-13
60 Hz Filter.........................................9-7
Auxiliary RS232 Connector.................. 3-14
8-Switch DIP Switch........................... 3-14
Auxiliary RS232 Connector
A Pin Assignment ............................. 3-14
Auxiliary RS232 Port ........................ 12-11
A1 Command .................................... 12-7

0022-IDX.G_ 239 I-1 October 17, 2000

Index (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

B Connectors and Cables ..........................5-2

Connectors and Cables, AM-47XT ........ 3-18
Balance .......................................... 16-12
Construction........................................3-1
Bandwidth Parameter Limits .............. 12-13
Bantam Plug Line Cables..................... 3-23 D
Battery ............................................. 3-15
Daisy Chaining ................................ 12-11
Battery Pack........................................2-1
DAMP ...............................................9-9
Begin Plot......................................... 13-4
Data Displays ......................................4-6
BRDG................................................6-7
DC Blocking ................................... 16-12
Bridge/Terminate .................................6-5
DC Line Hold ......................................6-4
C Dial Mode Select................................ 10-2
Dial Pulse (DP) Requirements....... 10-5, 10-6
C-Message Weighting Characteristic........9-9
Dialing ..................................... 10-1, 10-2
Cables .............................................. 14-1
Dialing Commands ............................. 12-7
Calibration ...................................4-4, A-1
Dialing Mode Enable Key......................3-6
Calibration Check.................................4-4
Dimensions ............................... 3-1, 16-12
Calibration Policy............................... 15-1
DIP Switch Settings ............................ 3-14
Calibration Procedure...........................A-1
Display LEDs......................................3-7
Calibration Test Signal ........................ 7-15
Display Update Select ...........................9-9
Carrying Case.................................... 3-24
Dropouts........................................... 8-37
Carrying Handle...................................3-5
Dual-Tone Dialing Frequencies............. 10-5
Chaining......................................... 12-11
Charging Considerations, AM-47XT...... 3-20 E
Charging Procedure, AM-47XT .... 3-22, 3-23
Effect of Noise................................... 8-14
Choosing Plotter Algorithm.................. 13-4
Effect of Non-linear Distortion.............. 8-14
Clearing a Stored Number.................... 10-4
End-to-End Testing...............................5-5
Color Coding and Marking.....................3-2
ENV DLY ..................................7-9, 8-17
Combination of IEEE and
Envelope Delay............................7-9, 8-17
O.91 Specification ....................... 16-15
Envelope Delay Distortion ... 8-14, 16-4, 16-8
Command Protocol ............................. 12-2
ERL Filter Response ......................... 16-13
Command Responses .......................... 12-7
Exiting Print Mode Before Printing........ 13-3
Commercial Power ...............................2-1
Exiting Print Mode While Printing......... 13-3
Conditioning Mask Definition Format .. 12-12
Configuration Instructions......................5-1 F
Configurations .....................................5-5
Factory Set Defaults............................ 11-1
Connection and Configuration
Instructions.....................................5-1 Filter for Narrow Band Level/Frequency...9-2

October 17, 2000 I-2 0022-IDX.G_ 239

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Index

Foot/Guard........................................ 3-12 Impulse Noise with Tone Measure......... 16-6

Frequency Measure............................. 16-5 Impulse Noise without Tone ................. 8-35
Front Panel Components................. 3-2, 3-4 Independent Send and Measure Modes .....5-1
Front Panel Delete Option.................... 3-15 Input .............................................. 16-12
Front Panel Layout ...............................3-2 Intermodulation Distortion ........... 7-14, 8-32
Front Panel Notes .................................3-2 Introduction.........................................1-1
Full-Duplex Talk................................ 7-17
J
Function Boxes ....................................9-2
Function Enable Keys ...........................3-5 Jitter Bandwidth Select..........................9-6
Functional Description ..........................3-1 Jitter Bandwidth Weighting Filters...........9-6
Fuse Holder....................................... 3-12 Jitter Frequency Weighting........16-15, 16-16

G K

Gain Hits .......................................... 8-37 Keys ..................................................3-3

General .......................................... 16-12 L
General Line Function Notes ..................6-2
General Noise Measurement Notes ..........8-6 Last Number Automatic Speed Dial ....... 10-4
Generator Source Impedances.................6-6 LED Display ............................... 3-7, 3-10
Group Delay...................... 7-12, 8-27, 16-7 LEDs, AM-47XT ............................... 3-18
Group Delay Setup ............................. 8-31 Level and Noise Units of Measurement.....3-8
Group Delay Transmitter ..................... 16-3 Level Measure ................................... 16-5
GROUP DLY ............................ 7-12, 8-27 Level/Frequency ..................................8-2
Line Cables ....................................... 3-23
H Line Connection Cables.........................5-4
Half-Duplex Talk ............................... 7-17 Line Connection Interface ......................5-4
Hand-Held Printer, Line Connections ....................... 6-5, 16-12
Component Location ...................... 3-17 Line Control Commands...................... 12-2
Hold Tone................................... 3-9, 16-2 Line Function Enable ............................6-1
Holding Tone Ranges............................3-9 Line Function Row Enable Key...............3-6
Humidity ........................................ 16-12 Line Functions.....................................6-1
Line Impedances ..................................6-4
I
Line Termination Impedances.................5-5
Idle Channel Noise ...............................8-9 LOOP BACK .................................... 7-17
IMD......................................... 7-14, 8-32 Loopback Testing.................................5-6
IMP NOISE ...................................... 8-35 Low-Level Measurements ......................5-1
Impulse Noise Measure (3 Level) .......... 16-6 LVL/FREQ .........................................8-2

0022-IDX.G_ 239 I-3 October 17, 2000

Index (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

M O

Mainframe ........................................ 14-1 OFF HK ...................................... 6-6, 6-7

Mainframe Options............................. 14-1 OPEN .............................................. 7-16
Manual Dialing .................................. 10-1 Operating........................................ 16-12
Mask Definition Format..................... 12-12 Operation Techniques ...........................4-1
Mask Feature..................................... 3-26 Optional Equipment............................ 3-15
Measure Control Commands ................ 12-4 Ordering Information .......................... 14-1
Measure Function Row Enable Key .........3-6 Overview............................................1-1
Measure Functions................................8-1
P
Measure Mode Enable...........................8-1
Measurements.................................... 16-1 P/AR Definition ................................. 8-12
Memory Considerations....................... 11-1 P/AR Effects ..................................... 8-13
Metal Case........................................ 3-10 P/AR Line Spectrum ......................... 16-14
MF and TT (DTMF) Tone Pairs ............ 10-5 P/AR Requirements of Telephone Lines . 8-13
MICRO INTR ................................... 8-39 Paper Installation for the AM-47XT....... 3-20
Micro-interruptions....................8-39, 16-11 Paper Roll Installation ......................... 3-19
Microphone.........................................3-7 PAR...........................................7-7, 8-12
Miscellaneous Commands.................. 12-10 Parameter Set ......................................4-5
Miscellaneous Parameter Displays...........7-2 Password Security ............................ 12-10
Monitor Switch ....................................3-5 Peak-to-Average Ratio .......... 7-7, 8-12, 16-3
Monitor/Talk ................................... 16-12 Phase Hits......................................... 8-37
Monitoring Dialing ............................. 10-2 Phase Jitter................................ 8-34, 16-8
Mounting............................................3-1 PHASE JTR ...................................... 8-34
Physical and Functional Description.........3-1
N
Plotting ............................................ 13-1
Narrow-Band Level/Frequency ...............8-3 Polarity ..............................................5-4
NOISE ....................................... 8-9, 16-5 Power ............................................ 16-12
Noise Measurement with Filter ...............8-6 Power, AM-47XT .............................. 3-18
Noise to Ground................................. 8-10 Power Considerations............................2-1
Noise Units of Measurement...................3-8 Power On/Off Push Button.....................3-4
Noise Weighting Filters .................. 8-7, 9-3 Power Plug........................................ 3-12
Noise with Tone........................... 8-9, 16-6 Power Switch, AM-47XT .................... 3-18
Non-Linear Distortion (4 Tone)....16-4, 16-11 Print Enable ........................................9-4
NOTCH NOISE...................................8-9 Printer Cables ......................................5-2
NTG ................................................ 8-10 Printer Hookup .................................. 3-21

October 17, 2000 I-4 0022-IDX.G_ 239

AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission (18-0022) Index

Printing and Plotting ........................... 13-1 Return of Unit.................................... 15-2

Printing Mechanism............................ 3-19 REV ..................................................6-8
Printout of Front Panel Setup ........ 13-1, 13-2 Reversed.............................................6-8
Printout of Measurement...................... 13-1 Ribbon and Paper Installation
Printout of Plot Condition Mask ............ 13-3 for the AM-47XT .......................... 3-20
Printout of Plot Measurement Results..... 13-2 Ribbon Cartridge Replacement.............. 3-19
Printout Types ........................... 13-1, 13-2 RS232 Cables .................................... 3-25
Program Weighting Characteristic ...........9-9 RS232 Commands.............................. 12-1
Psophometric Characteristic ................. 9-11 RS232 Connector ............................... 3-13
RS232 Connector Pin Assignment ......... 3-13
Q RS232 Port Configuration .................. 12-11
QUASI PK..........................................9-4 RS232 Port Option ............................. 3-15
Quasi-Peak Detector .............................8-7 Rubber Feet.........................................3-6
Quasi-Peak Detector Enable ...................9-4 RX Bantam Jack ..................................3-4
Quiet..................................................7-2 S
Quiet Send Mode .................................4-1
S/N.................................................. 8-11
R Screw Terminal.................................. 3-13
Rear Panel Components....................... 3-11 Self Test, AM-47XT ........................... 3-20
Recall .............................. 3-7, 11-1, 16-13 Self-Test and Operation Techniques.........4-1
Recall 80 .......................................... 11-7 Self-Test Setup ....................................4-1
Recall and Speed Dial of Send 1004 Hz ......................................4-2
Stored Dialed Number .................... 10-4 Send Control Commands ..................... 12-3
Receive Functions .............................. 16-5 Send Envelope Delay ............................4-3
Receive Pair Bridged/Terminated ............6-7 Send Function Enable............................7-1
Receive Pair Off-Hook/On-Hook) ...........6-7 Send Function Row Enable Key ..............3-6
Recorder Outputs ............................... 3-12 Send Functions ............................7-1, 16-1
REL SET ............................................9-7 Send IMD ...........................................4-3
Relative Measure Zero Set .....................9-7 Send Pair Off-Hook/On-Hook)................6-6
Relative Measurement.....................3-9, 9-8 Send PAR ...........................................4-2
Remote Control Port ......................... 16-12 Service Policy.................................... 15-1
Remote Control Using Set Up Plotter Zero and Scaling............. 13-4
TT Commands ...................... 10-7, 10-8 SF SKIP ........................................... 7-16
Response Protocol ...................... 12-6, 12-7 Siemens Adapter Option ...................... 3-16
RET LOSS..................................7-7, 8-15 Signal to Noise Ratio .................. 8-11, 16-6
Return Loss........7-7, 8-15, 16-2, 16-7, 16-12 Signaling ........................................ 16-12

0022-IDX.G_ 239 I-5 October 17, 2000

Index (18-0022) AM5XT/eXT Voice/Data Transmission

Signaling Frequency Skip ............ 7-16, 16-2 U

Slope ......................................... 7-4, 16-2
Unit Status ..........................................3-3
Sound Unweighted Characteristic .......... 9-12
Units of Measurement LEDs........... 3-8, 3-10
Sound Weighted Characteristic ............. 9-12
Unpacking ..........................................1-1
Speaker ............................................ 3-11
User Entered Memories ....................... 11-8
Specifications .................................... 16-1
Speed Dialing .................................... 10-4 V
SRL High Filter Response.................. 16-14 Validation Procedure............................A-3
SRL Low Filter Response .................. 16-13 VAR ................................................ 16-1
Standard Cables Supplied with VAR HZ.............................................7-4
AM-47XT Printer .......................... 3-18
Variable Tone......................................7-4
Start and Stop Frequencies for
Plotter Limits................................ 13-3 Voice/Data Transmission Test Set
Ordering ...................................... 14-1
START STOP .....................................9-6
Volume Control Knob ......................... 3-11
Step-Down Transformer ...................... 3-12
Storage........................................... 16-12 W
Storage of Dialed Number.................... 10-3 Warranty .......................................... 15-1
Store ................................ 3-7, 11-1, 16-13 Warranty, Calibration, and Service ........ 15-1
Stored Memories and Purpose............... 11-1 Weight ..................................... 3-1, 16-12
Storing a Telephone Number ................ 10-3 Wide-Band Level/Frequency ..................8-2
Sweep ................................................7-5
Switch Setup .......................................4-1 X

T XY Plotter Operation .......................... 13-3

XY Plotter Outputs ............................. 3-15
TALK .............................................. 7-16
Technical Specifications ...................... 16-1
Termination Impedances (Receive Pair)....6-7
Testing with Responders........................5-7
Timed Study Start/Stop..........................9-6
Tone Dialing Level............................. 10-1
Tone Ringer, Incoming Ring ..................6-8
TRAN .............................................. 8-37
Transients ................................. 8-37, 16-9
Transmit and Receive Calibration...........A-1
TX/2W Bantam Jack.............................3-4

October 17, 2000 I-6 0022-IDX.G_ 239

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