NanoVNA

Very tiny handheld Vector Network Analyzer

User Guide

gen111.taobao.com

2019-07-11
Overview：
We designed NanoVNA based on edy555 (https://twitter.com/edy555), but
modified some circuits, added battery management circuits, and redesigned the
PCB. The PC control software can export Touchstone (snp) files which can be used
for various radio design and simulation software. The improved frequency
algorithm can use the odd harmonic extension of si5351 to support the
measurement frequency up to 900MHz. The metal shield is designed to reduce
the external interference and improve the measurement accuracy. The 50k-
300MHz frequency range of the si5351 direct output provides better than 70dB
dynamic. The extended 300M-600MHz band provides better than 50dB of
dynamics, and the 600M-900M band is better than 40dB of dynamics. is very
tiny handheld Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). It is standalone with lcd display,
portable device with battery. This project aim to provide an RF gadget but useful
instrument for enthusiast.
DIY's vector network analyzer, with reference to the related design of. Designed
with simple and practical PC control software, you can export Touchstone (snp)
files for various radio design and simulation software through PC software.
NanoVNA is an open source hardware project, everyone can be free to clone and
DIY, but we hope you can do more understanding before you do it, there are
some customers reflected that they have bought the low quality nanoVNA from
other sources. We have found some low quality clones on the Internet which
claimed have completed the project. Buying such hardware may be harm on
NanoVNA performance, or leading to measurement error.
We will continue to provide updates and technical support services for NanoVNA
within 3 years after purchase. You can get the latest detail of products and
software updates from the Web Store: gen111.taobao.com.

We provide 5 firmware on the network hard drive, you can choose the
appropriate brush in accordance with the relevant tutorials, 5 firmware
differences are as follows:
nanoVNA_300_ch：50K-300MHz，5*7 Bitmap font，4 tracks
nanoVNA_900_ch：50K-900MHz，5*7 Bitmap font，4 tracks(Default)
nanoVNA_900_aa：50K-900MHz，7*13 Bitmap font，2 tracks (Antenna Analyzer)

The 800MHz firmware works better at higher temperatures.

nanoVNA_800_ch：50K-900MHz，5*7 Bitmap font，4 tracks(Recommended)
nanoVNA_800_aa：50K-900MHz，7*13 Bitmap font，2 tracks (Antenna Analyzer)
Front panel

You can use the USB interface to connect to computer communications or

connect standard 5V charger charging.
When charging the battery indicates that the battery LED flashes in charge, the
constant light indicates full. When discharging the battery LED constant light
indicates normal discharge, LED flicker indicates low power, please connect the
charger in time to charge.
Toggle the power switch can switch the machine, the battery indicates that the
Led needs to be turned off after 40 seconds of shutdown.
The system LED light and dark changes when the system is properly scanned. You
can move the mark Point or perform a menu operation via the multifunctional
switch, use the touchscreen operation directly also.
Main interface
Basic operations：
1. Set the frequency range (STIMULUS>START/STOP or CENTER/SPAN)
2. Calibration (CAL)
3. Select display format and channel (DISPLAY)
4. Save(SAVE)
You can change the display format and channel selection at any time. In the
normal test mode, tap the right area of the screen or press the multifunctional
switch to call up the menu. Tap the screen or turn the multifunctional switch to
select a menu item.

The initial state of NanoVNA (no data is stored in 0)

Scan range: 50KHz ~ 900MHz
Track 1: LOGMAG CH0 (reflection)
Track 2: SMITH CH0 (reflection)
Track 3: LOGMAG CH1 (through )
Track 4: CH1 stage (through )
Mark 1: Activated
Uncalibrated.

We will test before shipment and connect directly to the SMA port for
calibration, the calibration data is stored in state 0, and the boot will load the
status 0 data directly.
Calibration and Normalization:
The VNA Master is a field portable unit operating in the rigors of the test
environment. In order to ensure measurement accuracy, RF calibration (OSLT)
must be performed prior to making a measurement in the field. Calibrating with
the specified mechanical calibration requires three loads, open, short, and
match(load). Calibration data is saved as user calibration data. It can be saved to
status 0 and can be automatically loaded at the next boot， It can be also saved
to status 1-4 and can be loaded via the RECALL menu.

Click the CAL→CALIBRATE menu to open the calibration interface, then connect
open, short and load three loads in turn, wait for the screen to stabilize and click
on the menu corresponding to calibrate CH 0. The machine is accompanied by a
calibration piece, for the public head calibration parts inside the needle copper is
short-circuited, the interior with a needle white plastic and stainless steel shell
connected to the (LOAD) 50 ohm load, the internal empty for the open. For the
head calibrator, the back uses solder short circuit for short, welding two 100 ohms
resistor for 50 ohm load, open circuit for open.
Isolation calibration of CH 1 requires two load loads to connect CH0 and CH1,
respectively, to obtain the best isolation, usually with only one set of calibration
loads for port 0, and to connect the load Calibrator to CH1, CH0 to remain open,
and then press the ISOLN menu to calibrate.
Connect the CH0 and CH1 of the analyzer with an optional Through Adapter(SMA
to SMA kit or cable), and then press the THRU menu to calibrate. The
normalization operation moves the measurement reference plane to both ends
of the Through Adapter. This function is only available when the measurement
item is S21.
After the calibration is complete, press the Done button, eject the Save screen to
select the required status to save. Once the calibration is complete, the three
calibrators can be connected to port 0 again, and the correct calibration should
be based on the SMITH chart, which should be: when connected to OPEN, the
curves should be concentrated on the far right of the SMITH chart, and when
connecting SHORT, the curves should be concentrated on the leftmost side of the
SMITH chart, When connecting LOAD, the curves should all be concentrated in
the middle of the SMITH chart. Using RF cables to connect Port 0 and port 1, view
S21 curve errors should not exceed 0.1dB. If calibration data abnormalities are
found, they should be re-calibrated.

Note: If there is already saved calibration data, first press “Reset”

to clear the calibration data and then calibrate!

If the calibration has been applied, CAL status is displayed.

It is hidden in a state that has not been applied. C * is the state in which the
unsaved calibration value is applied (it disappears when the power is turned off).
C0 ~ C4 0 to 4 indicates that a saved calibration value has been applied to one of
the save locations.
SAVE Unsaved
It changes to this state when saving by an operation. Each of the characters shown
below C indicates that the following error terms are applied:
D: Directivity, R: Reflection Tracking, S: Source Match, T: Transmission Tracking, X:
Isolation

Select the display trace and display format:

The DISPLAY→TRACE item of the menu can choose to turn the corresponding
display curve on or off, showing that the curve color is consistent with the color
of the interface curve, and the display curve of the final operation is the active
tracking curve, when the menu FORMAT, the SCALE,CHANNEL operation is valid
for the display curve.
The display type can be modified by the DISPLAY→FORMAT of the menu,
DISPLAY→SCALE can adjust the scale, DISPLAY→CHANNEL can select the
measured port.
Setting the frequency range：
The frequency range of a channel can be expressed by three groups of parameters:
Start Frequency, Center Frequency and Stop Frequency. If any of the parameters
change, the others will be adjusted automatically in order to ensure the coupling
relationship among them
fcenter =(fstart +fstop )/2
fspan= fstop- fstart

Where fspan is the span.

Set the center frequency point of the current screen through the
STIMULUS→CENTER of the menu, and display the values of the center frequency
and sweep span, respectively, to the left and right of the bottom of the grid. In
the lower-right corner of the pop-up Settings value screen, click to eject the
soft keyboard and enter the frequency value via the soft keyboard.
Please pay attention to the following points:
The start and stop frequencies will vary with changes to the center frequency
when the span is constant.
In Zero Span, the start frequency, stop frequency and center frequency are always
set to the same value. Now, you can use port 0 as a signal source for a fixed output
amplitude, but it is important to note that this machine uses the clock signal
generator S5351 as the signal source, the output signal is square wave, contains
a larger odd harmonic.

Set the frequency range through the STIMULUS→SPAN of the menu, display the
center frequency and sweep span values on the left and right sides of the grid,
and click on the lower right corner of the pop-up settings value screen to eject
the soft keyboard and enter the frequency values through the soft keyboard.
Please pay attention to the following points:
The start and stop frequency vary with the span when the center frequency is
constant.
When the span is set to the maximum, the analyzer enters full span mode.
In Zero Span, the start frequency, stop frequency and center frequency are always
set to the same value.

Set the start frequency through the STIMULUS→START of the menu and display
the start frequency and stop frequency values on the left and right sides of the
grid, respectively. Click on the bottom right corner of the pop-up settings screen
to eject the soft keyboard and enter the frequency value through the soft
keyboard.
Please pay attention to the following points:
The span and center frequency vary with the start frequency when the Span
does not reach the minimum (The parameters vary with the span, please refer to
“Span”);
In Zero Span, the start frequency, stop frequency and center frequency are
always the same value.

Set the stop frequency through the STIMULUS→STOP of the menu, and display
the start frequency and stop frequency values on the left and right sides of the
grid, respectively, in the lower right corner of the pop-up Settings screen, click
to eject the soft keyboard and enter the frequency value through the soft
keyboard. Please pay attention to the following points:
The span and center frequency vary with the stop frequency. The change of the
span will affect other system parameters. For more details, please refer to
“Span”.
In Zero Span, the start frequency, stop frequency and center frequency are always
the same value.
Menu items:
DISPLAY
○ TRACE
■ 0
■ 1
■ 2
■ 3
○ FORMAT
■ LOGMAG
■ PHASE
■ DELAY (Not implemented, computer software provides Group delay functionality)
■ SMITH
■ SWR
■ MORE
■ POLAR
■ LINEAR
○ SCALE
■ SCALE/DIV
■ REFERENCE POSITION
ELECTRICAL DELAY
■

○ CHANNEL
■ CH0 REFLECT
■ CH1 THROUGH
● MARKER
○ SELECT
■ 1
■ 2
■ 3
■ 4
○ MARKER→START
○ MARKER→STOP
○ MARKER→CENTER
○ MARKER→SPAN (Not implemented,)
● STIMULUS
○ STAR
○ STOP
○ CENTER
 ○ SPAN
○ CW FREQ
● CAL
○ CALIBRATE
■ OPEN
■ SHORT
■ LOAD
■ ISOLN
■ THRU
■ DONE
■ SAVE
○ RESET
○ CORRECTION
● RECALL/SAVE
○ 0 (Default)
○ 1
○ 2
○ 3
○ 4
● CLOSE

Basic performance:
● PCB: 54mm x 85.5mm x 11mm (without connectors, switches)
● Measurement frequency: 50KHz -900MHz
● RF output: -13dbm (maximum -9dbm)
● Measurement range: 70dB (50kHz-300MHz), 50dB (300M-600MHz), 40dB
(600M-900MHz));
● Port SWR: < 1.1
● Display: 2.8 inch TFT (320 x240)
● USB interface: USB type-C communication mode: CDC (serial)
● Power: USB 5V 120mA, built-in 400mAh battery, maximum charging current
0.8A
● Number of scanning points: 101 (fixed)
● Display Tracking: 4, Marking: 4, Setting Save: 5
●Frequency Tolerance:<2.5ppm
●Frequency Stability:<0.5ppm
Packing list
NanoVNA host (with 400mAh battery) x 1
USB Type-C data cable x1
30cm SMA male to male RG174 RF cable x2
SMA male calibration kit (OPEN / SHORT /LOAD) x1
SMA female to female connector x1

Block diagram：
NanoVNA Sharp:
This PC software is designed for control NanoVNA and export Touchstone(snp) files.
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

U10
C46 U2 C47 C49 TFT_2.8_SPI_18p
10uF IP5303 22uF 10uF D2
SD103AWS
1 8 U4 BATLED2 GND
VIN VOUT L1 2.2uH VDD LCD_RESET GND
2 7 STM32F072CBT6 KT-0603R RESET
D1 SW BAT SPI_SCLK RESET
3 6 SCK
NC/BAT BAT 24 VDD1 VBAT 1 LCD_CD SCK
4 5 D/C
D2 KEY 36 VDD2 R3 1K LCD_CS D/C
A 9 C5 C6 C7 C8
CS
A
EPAD 48 PC13 2
CS
C45 C1 VDD3 SPI_MOSI SDI
U1 100nF
100nF
100nF
100nF 9 3 P1 SDI(MOSI)
10uF 10uF 2.54mm 1*2P VDDA PC14 RE-H022TD-1190 (LF)(SN) SPI_MISO SDO
R2 PC15 4 MCLK VDD SDO(MISO)
GND2
1K 2 BAT 23
USB_TYPE-C-31-M-12 OSC_I 5 1 GND2
VSS1 1 VDD VCC3.3V

GND 3

GND 1
1 35 OSC_O 6 NRST 2 VCC
SW2 VSS2 R6 2 R4 10 LED
R40 47 VSS3 NRST 7 10KΩ
LED
B8 K1-1502SA 8
GND3
Boot0 44
GND3
SBU2 2Ω VSSA GND4
A5 LED1
GND A1B12 2 GND4
CC1 X- GND5
B7 DN2 KT-0603R 10 PA0 PB0 18 VDD GND6
GND5
A6 11 19 Y-
GND B1A12 C T GND6
DP1 PA1 PB1 X+ XP
USB_DM R5 12 20 SD_GP1 XP
PA2 PB2 Y+ YN
USB_DP A7 10KΩ SPI_SCLK
VBUS B4A9 1 13 39 YN
DN1 PA3 PB3 X- XN
B6 SK-12D02-VG3 14 40 SPI_MISO XN
DP2 PA4 PB4 Y- YP
A8 SW1 DAC_FC SPI_MOSI
VBUS A4B9 15 41 YP
SBU1 U3 PA5 PB5 R7 R8
B5 CC2
+5V XC6206P332MR VDD X+ 16
PA6 PB6 42 LCD_CS
3.9KΩ 3.9KΩ

5
4 GND

2 GND

Y+ 17 43 LCD_CD
PA7 PB7
Vout 2 29 45 SCL
PA8 PB8 SDA
30 46
3 Vin PA9 PB9 SD_GP2
31 PA10 PB10 21
USB_DM 32 22 SD_CS
B C4 PA11 PB11
GND 1 1uF
USB_DP 33 25 I2S_WCLK B
TMS PA12 PB12 I2S_BCLK
C3 34 26
1uF TCK PA13 PB13
37 PA14 PB14 27
LCD_RESET 38
PA15 PB15
28 I2S_DOUT VDD P2
77311-462K05LF
1
NRST 1
2
2
3
TCK 3
4
TMS 4
5
5

VDD
U5
Si5351A-B-GT R26
300Ω
Y1 2 XA C11 100nF
26MHz CLK0 10
3 XB CLK1 9 MCLK C12 100nF
C 1 4 CLK2 6 C
AFC/GND VCC SCL R27 U9
2 3 4 SCL 300Ω
GND OUT SDA TLV320AIC3204IRHBR
5 SDA
VDD
1 VDD 24 AVDD REF 18
7 VDDO GND 8 R28 29 DVDD LOL 22
300Ω 6 OVIDD 23
LOR C37
C9 C10 HPR 27 100nF
MCLK 1 MCLK/1 25
100nF100nF HPL
C34 C35 C36 I2S_BCLK 2 BCLK 19
100nF100nF100nF I2S_WCLK MICBIAS
3 WCLK DOUTMFP2 5 I2S_DOUT
MISOMFP4 11
8 SCLKMFP3
+5V 26 LDOIN
C39 100nF
R13 I2S_DIN 4
150Ω SCL 9 DINMFP1
C40 100pF L3 4.7uH R29
300Ω SDA 10 SCLSSZ
C19 100nF SDAMOSI
U6 12
D R14 R16 SA612AD SPI/SELECT D
56Ω 470Ω 13 IN1/L
6

14 IN1/R
R10 R11 C13 100nF 15
49.9Ω 49.9Ω
OSC IN2/L
1 IN-A OUT-A 4 R32 15KΩ C22 100nF 16 IN2/R
TX 20 IN3/L
SMA-K R9 2 IN-B OUT-B 5 R33 15KΩ C23 100nF 21
R17 IN3/R
82Ω 27Ω
C14 100nF R38
10KΩ 30 LDO/SELECT
3

31 RESET
C28 C29 32 GPIOMFP5/32
+5V R30 1nF 1nF
C41 100nF 300Ω
R12 33 EP
49.9Ω C20 100nF C38
C42 100pF L4 4.7uH U7 100nF
SA612AD 7 IOVSS
R18 17 AVSS
6

390Ω 28 DVSS
C15 100nF OSC
1 IN-A OUT-A 4 R34 15KΩ C24 100nF
R19
390Ω
C16 100nF 2 IN-B OUT-B 5 R35 15KΩ C25 100nF S9 S10
E ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架1 ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架 E
1 1 1
3

S8 S4
R20 R21 C30 C31 ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架 ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架
49.9Ω 49.9Ω 1nF 1nF 1 1 1 1
R31
300Ω S7 S3
C21 100nF ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架 ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架
U8 1 1 1 1
SA612AD S6 S2
RX ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架 ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架
R22 1 1 1 1
6

SMA-K
39Ω S5 S1
C17 100nF OSC
ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架 ICSRC6508_屏蔽支架
1 IN-A OUT-A 4 R36 15KΩ C26 100nF 1 1 1 1

R24 R25 2 IN-B R37 15KΩ C27 100nF

100Ω R23 22Ω OUT-B 5
39Ω
C18 100nF
3

C32 C33
1nF 1nF
+5V
C43 100nF TITLE:
L5 4.7uH nanoVNA REV: 3.0
C44 100pF

Date: 2019-05-24 Sheet: 1/1

EASYEDA V5.4.12 Drawn By: hugen79
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