Activity 2

Introduction to Philippine
Criminal Justice System

Palmares, Cristina Mae R.

BSC-1B

Sir Jessie R. Abique

Understanding Criminal Justice System

CRIMINAL SYSTEM
JUSTICE

One who has An ordered

committed an framework or
offense technique is a
punishable by set of rules or
law; implying procedures
crime or
that govern
heinous

how
wickedness
(Tradio, 1999). something is
done.

Criminal Law Criminal Procedure

The branch of municipal law It's a process of
that defines crimes, discusses determining if someone is
Concepts of Justice Kinds of Justice most likely guilty of a
their nature, and prescribes
punishment for them. crime and should be
°Distributive Justice prosecuted.
°Conservative View
°Procedural Justice
Cardinal Principles of
Criminal Law °Restorative Justice T hree Systems of
°Progressive View
°Retributive Justice
Criminal Procedure
Generality
It means that all people
who live or visit the
Philippines are subject to The Adversarial System
Philippine criminal laws.
Often compared to a game or competition in which both teams compete
to win and a neutral umpire determines two things: (1) whether they are
following the rules and (2) which team wins. The judge frequently serves
as the umpire for both of these components of the competition. In some
Aspects of Due Process
Exceptions circumstances, the judge's primary role is to make decisions that assure
a fair competition, while the actual winner is determined by a jury.
Treaty clauses, rules of preferred
application, and principles of The Inquisitorial System
public international law all apply °Procedural Due
refers to the thorough pre-trial inquiry and interrogations that are aimed to
to those who are exempt from the Process  guarantee that no innocent person is brought to trial, rather than any
application of criminal law. legacy of the inquisition. Even so, inquisitorial is a deceptive phrase that
does not accurately characterize the relatively hybrid procedure that arose
in civil law systems during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries,
frequently in emulation of common law procedural rights.

Territoriality The Mixed Court

The Philippines' penal laws is a type of criminal procedure that is most commonly seen in civil law
are only enforced within the °Substantive Due countries, but can also be found in socialist and common law legal
systems. It's an adjudication process in which one or more lay judges
country's borders, with a few Process assist a professional judge in reaching a judgement. Lay judges are
ordinary citizens, not legal professionals.
exceptions.
 LAWS MUST BE PRESCRIBED LAWS MUST BE ORDAINED FOR
IT IS A RULE OF CONDUCT LAWS MUST BE JUST IT MUST BE OBLIGATORY BY LEGITIMATE AUTHORITY THE COMMON BENEFIT

Characteristics of the
Classifications of Law Law Sources of Law

°Certainty Legislation
°Natural Law

°Flexibility

°Fairness
Precedent

°Accessibility

Features of Criminal Law

Custom
Mens Rea

Actus Reus

Statutes Court Decision

Causation
 Criminal Justice System

MALA IN SE
Functions Characteristics

1.Protection 1. Components

2.OrderMaintenance 2. Identifiable

3.LawEnforcement Whole

4.CrimePrevention 3. Interdependent

4. Environment
5. Inputs
Process

°Demands
MALA

°Supports 
PROHIBITA
°The Police 6. Output
°The Court
7. Feedback
°The Correction

Informal Justice System Formal Justice System