DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

GOVT. V.Y.T. PG. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGE DURG (C.G.)

Approved syllabus for M.Sc. Mathematics by the members of Board of Studies for the
Sessions 2020 - 21 and 2021 -22
The Syllabus with the paper combinations is as under
Semester I
Paper I: Advanced Abstract Algebra (I) Paper II: Real Analysis (I)

Paper III: Topology Paper IV: Complex Analysis (I)

Paper V: Advanced Discrete Mathematics (I)

Semester II
Paper I: Advanced Abstract Algebra (II) Paper II: Real Analysis (II)

Paper III: General and Algebraic Topology Paper IV: Complex Analysis (II)

Paper V: Advanced Discrete Mathematics (II)

Semester III
Paper II: Partial Differential Equations

Paper I: Integration Theory and Functional Analysis

(I)
Paper III: Programming in C(with ANSI features) (I) Paper IV: Operations Research (I)

Paper V: Fuzzy Sets and Their Applications(I) Lab Course/Practical : Programming in C

Semester IV
Paper I: Functional Analysis (II)

Paper II : Mechanics
Paper III: Programming in C(with ANSI features) Paper IV : Operations Research (II)
(II)

Paper V: Fuzzy Sets and Their Applications (II) Lab Course/Practical : Programming in C

The Syllabus for M.Sc. Mathematics is hereby approved for the sessions 2020 - 21 and 2021 - 22.

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 Name and Signatures

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members -

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Representative Members - Smt. Shobha Rani
(1) Dr.Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 PG Department of Mathematics

PO No. Program outcomes upon completion of the M. Sc. Degree program, the
studentwill be able to

PO No. - 1 Persue as higher studies in mathematics in reputed institute of our country like IITs,
IESER and central university etc.

PO No. – 2 To appear in several competitive examination like CGPSC, UPSC, MAT, Railways,
SSC etc.
PO No. – 3 To explain the core ideas and the techniques of mathematics at the college and school.

PO No.- 4 To develop the logical approach to take decision in complicated decision.

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 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR STUDENTS

1. The candidate has to obtain minimum 20% marks in each theory paper and internal assessment
separately.
2. The candidate has to secure minimum 36% marks as an aggregate in order to pass that
semester examination.
3. The internal assessment shall include class test, home assignment and seminar presentation.
4. Internal Assessment Examination will be as follows :
i. Internal Test in each paper (20 marks)
ii. Seminar (Power point presentation ) in any one of the paper (20 marks)
iii. Assignment in each of the remaining papers (excluding the paper of Seminar.
(20 marks)
iv. Average of marks obtained in internal test + seminar in any one paper and marks
obtained in internal test + assignment in rest of the papers will be calculated and
taken into consideration.

5. There shall be one seminar in each semester. In each semester, the paper in which seminar
has to be presented will be allotted randomly .The marking of seminar shall be in terms of
hard copy submission (10 marks) and presentation and open discussion 10 marks. In seminar
the marks taken in to consideration will be the average marks given by two examiners.

Chairperson /H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members -

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Representative Members - Smt. Shobha Rani
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 DIRECTIVES FOR STUDENTS, FACULTY AND EXAMINERS

Question Paper Format and Distribution of Marks for PG Semester Examination

Question paper format for the Post-Graduate Examination has been revised from the Session
2018-19. The revised format will be applicable for all the question papers of Semester I, II, III
& IV. The following are the main points of the new format:
1. The question paper will be of 80 marks (as before)
2. Questions will be asked Unit-wise in each question paper.
3. From each Unit, the questions will be asked as follows :
Q.1 Very short answer type question
(Answer in one or two sentences) (02 Marks)
Q.2 Very short answer type question
(Answer in one or two sentences) (02 Marks)
Q.3 Short answer type question (04 Marks)
Q.4 Long answer type questions (12 Marks)

Type of Question Unit-I Unit-II Unit-III Unit-IV

Very Short 2x2=4 2x2=4 2x2=4 2x2=4
(2 Questions) Marks Marks Marks Marks

Short (1 Question) 1x4=4 1x4=4 1x4=4 1x4=4

Marks Marks Marks Marks

Long answer (1 Question) 1 x 12 = 12 1 x 12 = 12 1 x 12 = 12 1 x 12 = 12

Marks Marks Marks Marks

Note:

1. Question no. 1 and Question 2 will be compulsory.

2. Question no. 3 and 4 will consist of 2 optional questions of which one has to be
attempted.
3. As mentioned above, two compulsory very short answer type questions (2+2 marks),
one short answer type question with internal choice (4 marks) and one long answer type
question with internal choice (12 marks) will be asked from each unit.
Thus there will be questions of 20 marks from each unit and of total 80 marks from all the four
units of the syllabus / syllabi.

4 The students are required to study the content mentioned in the curriculum exhaustively.

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 CREDIT ALLOTMENTS
Theory 80 marks = 04 Credits
Internal Assessment 20 marks = 01 credit
Theory Paper + Practical = 05 credits (04+01)

Chairperson /H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members -

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh
Representative Members - Smt. Shobha Rani
(1) Dr.Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 Learning Outcomes:
Student able to learn various types of spaces, week and strong convergence and contraction mapping
which is very powerful tools of research in fixed point theory.

Course Title M. Sc. Final, Integration Theory & Functional Analysis

CO No. Course Outcomes

CO No. – 1 To understand Sign measures and various theorems on measures, Riesz
representation theorem, Fubinious Theorem.
CO No. – 2 To learn Normlinear space and their completeness, Finite dimension norm linear
space and compactness.
CO No.- 3 To understand Nonlinear operators, convex functions, epi-graphs, Coercive mapping
etc.
CO No.- 4 To understand uniform boundedness theorem, Open and closed graph theorem and
Hahn Banach theorem.
CO No.- 5 To learn Hilbert space, Reflexiblityof Hilbert space. Self adjoint, Normal, Unitary
operators.

Learning Outcomes:
Upon completion of this course student should be able to learn various types of partial differential
equations in different fields.

Course Title Partial Differential Equations

CO No. Course Outcomes

CO No. – 1 To understand Laplace equations, Heat equations, wave equations, solution by

spherical means.

CO No. – 2 To understand Geometric optics, Stationary phase and Homogenization.

CO No.- 3 To understand the modeling assumptions and derivations that leads to PDEs.

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 Learning outcomes :
Students able to understand specially natural events, forces, gravitational and attraction forces to
bodies .

Course Title Mechanics

CO No. Course Outcomes
CO No. – 1 To learn Genralized coordinates langranges equation of first kind cyclic
coordinates.
CO No. – 2 To understand Poisson’s bracket hamilton’s principle, principle of least action
Poincare cardan integral invariant.
CO No.- 3 To learn Whittaker equations hamillton Jacobi equation invariation of lagrange
bracket under canonical transformation.
CO No - 4 To Calculate the attraction for different types of objects.

Learning outcomes :
Application of computers using ‘C’- Language and different fields of mathematical problem.

Course Title Programming in “C” (with ANSCI features)

CO No. Course Outcomes
CO No. – 1 To learn over view of programming, Anatomy of C-functions, variables and
constants.
CO No. – 2 To find Different types of data.

CO No.- 3 To learn the main function Complex declaration, Conditional Compilation, Line
Control etc.
CO No - 4 To learn Input and output streams, Buffering, closing and opening files. The
slandered library for input \ output.
CO No - 5 To address of an objects and pointers.
CO No - 6 To learn Control flow conditional branching various types of loop.

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 Learning outcomes:
Application of Marketing field using this (Operation Research) and different fields of mathematical
problems.

Course Title Operations Research

CO No. Course Outcomes
CO No. – 1 To know the scope of operation research.

CO No. – 2 To Formulate real world problems to linear programming problems. Solve this
problem with various methods.
CO No.- 3 Get acquired with various algorithm and techniques of above used methods.
CO No - 4 To understand mathematical formulation and solution of assignment problems and
transportation problems.
CO No - 5 Know network analysis and methods to solve it.
CO No - 6 To understand the use of dynamic programming in various fields.
CO No. - 7 To understand Game theory, apply theory of queveing system and Inventory
control to particle problems.
CO No. - 8 Develop understanding of nonlinear programming.

Learning outcomes:
After thestudy of this paper, students are familiar with the new branch of which is nearer to the real
world.

Course Title Fuzzy Sets and their Logics

CO No. Course Outcomes
CO No. – 1 Relate mathematical logic with real life. In this unit some models are explained.

CO No. – 2 To designed an expert system, this unit gives basic propositional rules.

CO No.- 3 To learn the application of fuzzy set theory in the topic decision making, which is
some what vague in nature.
CO No - 4 Introduction and operation between fuzzy sets and fuzzy numbers.
CO No - 5 To understand the difference between probability and possibility theory is
explained through fuzzy sets.

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 Syllabus and Marking Scheme for M. Sc. Mathematics Third Semester Session 2021-22

Marks Allotted in
Marks Allotted in
Internal
Paper Theory
Title of the Paper Assessment Credits
No.
Max Min Max. Min.

Integration theory and

I 80 16 20 04 05
Functional analysis

Partial Differential
II 80 16 20 04 05
Equations

Programming in C(with
III 80 16 20 04 05
ANSI features) (I)

IV Operations Research (I) 80 16 20 04 05

Fuzzy Sets and Their

V 80 16 20 04 05
Applications (I)

Practical in Paper III

IV 50 18 02

Total 450 100 27

05 Theory papers - 400 ; 01 Practical - 50 ; 05 Internal Assessments - 100

Total Marks - 550

Note: 20 marks = 01 credit in Theory Papers and 25 Marks = 01 Credit in Practical.

Chairperson /H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members -

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari
Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt
Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh
Representative Members -
Smt. Shobha Rani
(1) Dr.Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Third Semester)
2021 – 2022
PAPER –I
Integration Theory and Functional Analysis (I)

Integration Theory Max

Marks.80
Unit-I Signed measure. Hahn decomposition theorem. mutually singular measures. Radon-
Nikodym theorem. Lebesgue decomposition. Riesz representation theorem. Extension
theorem (Caratheodory). Product measures. Fubini’s theorem.

Functional Analysis
Unit-II Normed linear spaces. Banach spaces and examples. Quotient space of normed linear
spaces and its completeness. equivalent norms. Riesz Lemma. basic properties of finite
dimensional normed linear spaces and compactness.

Unit- III Weak convergence and bounded linear transformations, normed linear spaces of
bounded linear transformations, dual spaces with examples.

Unit- IV Contraction mapping theorem and its application. Banach fixed point theorem.
Picard’s theorem. Banach fixed point theorem as a source of existence and uniqueness
theorem for integral equations. Nonlinear operator, examples convex function,
epigraph, monotone mapping, α-monotone, coercive mapping duality maps.

Recommended Books:
1. H.L. Royden, Real Analysis, Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., New York, 4th Edition, 1993.
2. B.Choudhary and Sudarsan Nanda, Functional Analysis with Applications Wiley Eastern Ltd.,
1989.

References:
1. J.H. Williamson, Lebesgue Integration, Holt Rinehart and Winston, Inc. New York. 1962
2. P.R. Halmos, Measure Theory, Van Nostrand, Princeton, 1950. T.G. Hawkins, Lebesgue’s
Theory of Integration: Its Origins and Development, Chelsea, New York,1979.
3. J.H. Williamson, Lebesgue Integration, Holt Rinehart and Winston, Inc. New York. 1962
4. P.R. Halmos, Measure Theory, Van Nostrand, Princeton, 1950.
5. T.G. Hawkins, Lebesgue’s Theory of Integration: Its Origins and Development, Chelsea, New
York, 1979.
6. K.R. Parthasarathy, Introduction to Probability and Measure, Macmillan Company of India
Ltd., Delhi, 1977.
7. R.G. Bartle, The Elements of Integration, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 1966.

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 8. Inder K. Rana, An Introduction to Measure and Integration, Narosa Publishing House, Delhi,
1997.
9. Walter Rudin, Real & Complex Analysis, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing.
10. Edwin Hewitt and Korl Stromberg, Real and Abstract Analysis, Springer-Verlag, New York.
11. Edwin Hewitt and Kenneth A. Ross, Abstract Harmonic Analysis, Vol. 1, Springer-Verlag,
1993.
12. G. Bachman and L. Narici, Functional Analysis, Academic Press, 1966.
13. N. Dunford and J.T. Schwartz, Linear Operators, Part I, Interscience, New York, 1958.
14. R.E. Edwards, Functional Analysis, Holt Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1965.
15. C. Goffman and G. Pedrick, First Course in Functional Analysis, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi, 1987.
16. P.K. Jain, O.P. Ahuja and Khalil Ahmad, Functional Analysis, New Age International (P) Ltd.
& Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 1997.
17. R.B. Holmes, Geometric Functional Analysis and its Applications, Springer-Verlag, 1975.
18. K.K. Jha, Functional Analysis, Students’ Friends, 1986.
19. L.V. Kantorovich and G.P. Akilov, Functional Analysis, Pergamon Press, 1982.
20. E. Kreyszig, Introductory Functional Analysis with Applications, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 1978.
21. B.K. Lahiri, Elements of Functional Analysis, The World Press Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta, 1994.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Smt. Shobha Rani
Representative Members -
(4) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(5) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(6) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Third Semester)
2021 – 2022
PAPER –II
Partial Differential Equations

Unit-I Examples of PDE. Classification.Transport Equation - Initial value Problem. Non-

homogeneous equation. Laplace’s Equation - Fundamental Solution. Mean Value
Formulas. Properties of Harmonic Functions. Green’s Function. Energy Methods. Heat
Equation - Fundamental Solution. Mean Value Formula. Properties of Solutions. Energy
Methods. Wave Equation - Solution by Spherical Means. Non-homogeneous Equations.
Energy Methods.
Unit-II Nonlinear First Order PDE-Complete Integrals. Envelopes, Characteristics. Hamilton Jacobi
Equations (Calculus of Variations. Hamilton’s ODE. Legendre Transform. Hopf-Lax
Formula. Weak Solutions. Uniqueness). Conservation Laws (Shocks. Entropy Condtion.
LaxOleinik formula. Weak Solutions. Uniqueness. Riemann’s Problem. Long Time
Behaviour)
Unit-III Representation of Solutions - Separation of Variables. Similarity Solutions (Plane and
Travelling Waves. Solitons. Similarity under Scaling). Fourier and Laplace Transform.
Hopf-Cole Transform. Hodograph and Legendre Transforms. Potential Functions.

Unit-IV Asymptotic (Singular Perturbations. Laplace’s Method. Geometric Optics. Stationary

Phase. Homogenization). Power Series (Non-characteristic Surfaces. Real Analytic
Functions. Cauchy-Kovalevskaya Theorem).

References:

1. L.C. Evans, Partial Differential Equations, Graduate Studies in Mathematics, Volume 19,
AMS, 1998.
2. Books with the above title by I. N. Sneddon, F. John, P. Prasad and R. Ravindran, Amarnath
etc.

Faculty members-
Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui
Dr. Padmavati
Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan
Dr. Rakesh Tiwari
Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur
Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh
Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt

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 Representative Members -
(7) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(8) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(9) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Third Semester)
2021 – 2022

PAPER –III
Programming in C (with ANSI features) Theory and Practical
Max. Marks. 80 (Theory-50 + Practical-30)

Unit-I An overview of programming. Programming language. Classification. C Essentials

Program Development. Functions. Anatomy of a C Function. Variables and Constants.
Expressions. Assignment Statements. Formatting Source File Continuation Character. The
Preprocessor.

Unit-II Scalar Data Types-Declarations. Different Types of Integers. Different kinds of Integer
Constants. Floating-Point Types. Initialization. Mixing Types. Explicit Conversions-Casts.
Enumeration Types. The Void Data Type. Typedefs. Finding the Address of an object.
Pointers.

Unit-III Control Flow-Conditional Branching. The Switch Statement. Looping. Nested Loops. The
break and continue Statements. The goto statement. Infinite Loops. Operators and
Expressions-Precedence and Associability. Unary Plus and Minus operators. Binary
Arithmetic Operators. Arithmetic Assignment Operators. Increment and Decrement
Operators. Comma Operator. Relational Operators. Logical Operators. Bit - Manipulation
Operators. Bitwise Assignment Operators. Cast Operator. Size of Operators. Conditional
Operator. Memory Operators.

Unit-IV Arrays -Declaring an Array. Arrays and Memory. Initializing Arrays. Encryption and
Decryption.

References:
1. Peter A. Darnell and Philip E. Margolis, C: A Software Engineering
Approach, Narosa Publishing House (Springer International Student Edition)
1993.
2. Samuel P. Harkison and Gly L. Steele Jr., C : A Reference Manual, 2nd Edition,
Prentice Hall, 1984.

3. Brian W. Kernighan & Dennis M. Ritohie, The C Programme Language, 2nd

Edition (ANSI Features), Prentice Hall 1989.
4. Yashwant Kanetkar, Let Us C, 8th Edison, B P B Publications 2007.
5. E. Balagurusamy, Programming in C (ANSI), 4th Edison, Tata Mac Graw Hill.

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 List of C programmings for 3rd sem Mathematics
1. WAP for compound interest.
2. WAP to sum of first n numbers.
3. WAP to find area and circumference of circle.
4. WAP to check the number is palindrome or not.
5. WAP to find roots of quadratic equation.
6. WAP to check the given number is Armstrong number or not.
7. WAP to find Fibonacci series.
8. WAP using switch statement to convert a number into corresponding days.
9. WAP to copy one string into another string.
10. WAP to construct pyramid of *.
11. WAP to prepare mark sheet using switch statement.
12. WAP to sum of array for any 10 elements.
13. WAP to sort a string in alphabetic order .
14. WAP to remove or delete vowels from a string.
15. WAP to add one string after another string.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Representative Members - Smt. Shobha Rani

1. Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
2. Shri A. K. Pandey -
3. Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Third Semester)

2021 – 2022

PAPER –IV

Operations Research (I)

Max .Marks. 80

Unit-I Operations Research and its Scope. Necessity of Operations Research in Industry. Linear
Programming-graphical method of solutions, Simplex Method. Theory of the Simplex
Method. Two phase method. Big M method of solution to an LPP.
Unit-II Duality in linear programming. Duality theorems, Dual Simplex method. Other Algorithms
for Linear Programming-Dual Simplex Method. Parametric Linear Programming. Upper
Bound Technique.
Unit-III Transportation problems. Formulation of transportation problems. Solutions of
Transportation problems, North-West corner method. Least cost method. Assignment
Problems. It’s mathematical formulation, Solution of assignment problems. Optimality test.
Unit-IV Network Analysis-Shortest Path Problem. Minimum Spanning Tree Problem. Maximum
Flow Problem. Minimum Cost Flow Problem. Network Simplex Method. Project Planning
and Control with PERT-CPM.
References:
1. F.S. Hillier and G.J. Ueberman. Introduction to Operations ResBareft (Sixth Edition), McGraw
Hill International Edition, Industrial Engineering Series, 1995. (This book comes with a CD
containing tutorial software Techniques, Affiliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,
Madras.
2. G. Hadley, Linear Programming, Narosa Publishing House, 1995.
3. G. Hadly, Nonlinear and Dynamic Programming, Addison-Wesley, Reading Mass.
4. Mokhtar S. Bazaraa, John J. Jarvis and Hanif D. Sherali, Linear Programming and Network
flows, John Wiley I & Sons, New York, 1990.
5. H.A. Taha, Operations Researc~-An introduction, Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., New Yark.
6. K. Swarup, P.K. Gupta and M. Mohan, Operations Research, Sultan Chand & Sons, N.Delhi.
7. S.S. Rao, Optimization Theory and Applications, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.

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 8. P. K.. Gupla and D.S. Hira, O. R.-An Introduction. S. Chand & Co.y Ltd., N.Delhi.
9. N.S. Kambo, Mathematical Programming Techniques, Affiliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi, Madras.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Smt. Shobha Rani
Representative Members -
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Third Semester)
2021 – 2022
Paper- V
Fuzzy Set and their Applications (I)

Max. Marks. 80

Unit-I Fuzzy sets. Basic definitions. -level sets. Convex fuzzy sets. Basic operations on fuzzy sets.
Types of fuzzy sets. The Extension principle-the Zadeh’s extension Principle. Cartesian
Product. Algebraic products. Bounded sum and difference,t- norms and t- conorms. ,Image
and inverse image of fuzzy sets.

Unit-II Fuzzy numbers. Elements of fuzzy arithmetic. Fuzzy Relations and Fuzzy Graphs.
Fuzzy relations on fuzzy sets. Composition of fuzzy relations.

Unit-III Min-max Composition and its properties. Fuzzy equivalence. Relations. Fuzzy compatibility.
Relations. Fuzzy relation equation. Fuzzy graphs. Similarity relation.

Unit-IV Possibility Theory. Fuzzy measures. Evidence theory. Necessity measure. Possibility
measure. Possibility distribution. Possibility theory and fuzzy sets. Possibility theory versus
probability theory.

References:
1. Fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic by G.K. Klir and B. Yuan, Prentice-Hall of, New Delhi, 1995.
2. Fuzzy set theory and its Applictions , By H.J.Zimmermann , Allied Publishers Ltd., New
Delhi , 1991.

Faculty members-
Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui
Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati
Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari
Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt
Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh
Representative Members -
Smt. Shobha Rani
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Third Semester)
2021 – 2022
PAPER-III

WAVELET (I)
Max.marks.80

UNIT–I Preliminaries Different ways of constructing wavelets – Orthonormal bases generated by a

single function ; the Balian - Low theorem. Smooth projection on L2(R) . Local sine and
cosine bases and the construction of some wavelets.The unitary folding operators and the
smooth projections.

UNIT–II Multiresolution analysis. construction of wavelets from a multiresolutions analysis.

UNIT–III The Construction of compactly supported wavelets. Better estimates for the smoothness
of compactly supported wavelets.

UNIT–IV Band limited wavelets. Orthonormality.Completeness. Characterization of Lemarie-

Meyer wavelets. Characterization of some band limited wavelets . Franklin wavelets
and Spline wavelets on the real line.

Recommended Books:
1. Eugenio Hernandez and Guido Weiss . A First course on Wavelets , CRC Press, New York ,
1996.

References:
1. C. K . Chui, An Introduction to Wavelets , Academic Press , 1992.
2. I. Daubechies ,Ten Lectures on Wavelets, CBS-NSF Regional Conferences in Applied
Mahtematics , 61,SIAM , 1992.
3. Y. Meyer , Wavelets , Algorithms and applications ( Translated by R. D. Rayan ), SIAM ,
1993.

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 4. M.V. Wickerhauser , Adapted wavelet analysis from theory to software , Wellesley , MA ,
A.K. Peters , 1994

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Representative Members - Smt. Shobha Rani

(4) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(5) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(6) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 Syllabus and Marking Scheme for M. Sc. Mathematics Fourth Semester Session 2021-22

Marks Allotted in
Marks Allotted in
Internal
Paper Theory
Title of the Paper Assessment Credits
No.

Max Min Max. Min.

I Functional analysis 80 16 20 04 05

II Mechanics 80 16 20 04 05

Programming in C(with
III 80 16 20 04 05
ANSI features) (II)

IV Operations Research (II) 80 16 20 04 05

Fuzzy Sets and Their

V 80 16 20 04 05
Applications.(II)

Practical in III Paper

IV 50 18 02

Total 450 100 27

05 Theory papers - 400 ; 01 Practical - 50 ; 05 Internal Assessments- 100 Total

Marks - 550

Note: 20 marks = 01 credit in Theory Papers and 25 Marks = 01 Credit in Practical.

Chairperson /H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members -

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari
Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt
Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh
Representative Members -
Smt. Shobha Rani
(1) Dr.Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M.Sc. Mathematics (Fourth Semester)
2021 – 2022
PAPER –I
Functional Analysis (II)
Max. Marks. 80

Unit-I Uniform boundedness theorem and some of its consequences. Open mapping and closed graph
theorems. Hahn-Banach theorem for real linear spaces, complex linear spaces and normed linear
spaces.

Unit-II Reflexive spaces. Weak Sequential Compactness. Compact Operators. Solvability of linear
equations in Banach spaces (Fredholm alternatives). The closed Range Theorem. Inner product
spaces. Hilbert spaces. Orthonormal Sets. Bessel’s inequality. Complete orthonormal sets and
Parseval’s identity.

Unit-III Structure of Hilbert spaces. Projection theorem. Riesz representation theorem. Adjoint of an
operator on a Hilbert space. Reflexivity of Hilbert spaces.

Unit-IV Self-adjoint operators, Positive, projection, normal and unitary operators. Abstract variational
boundary-value problem. The generalized Lax-Milgram theorem.

Recommended Books:

1. B.Choudhary and Sudarsan Nanda, Functional Analysis with Applications Wiley Eastern
Ltd., 1989.

References:
1. S.K. Berberian, Measure and integration, Chelsea Publishing Company, New York, 1965.
2. G. de Barra, Measure Theory and Integration, Wiley Eastern Limited, 1981.
3. P.K. Jain and V.P. Gupta, Lebesgue Measure and Integration, New Age International (P)
Limited, New Delhi, 2000.
4. Richard L. Wheeden and Antoni Zygmund, Measure and Integral : An Introduction to Real
Analysis, Marcel Dekker Inc. 1977.
5. J.H. Williamson, Lebesgue Integration, Holt Rinehart and Winston, Inc. New York. 1962.
6. P.R. Halmos, Measure Theory, Van Nostrand, Princeton, 1950.
7. T.G. Hawkins, Lebesgue’s Theory of Integration: Its Origins and Development, Chelsea,
New York, 1979.
8. K.R. Parthasarathy, Introduction to Probability and Measure, Macmillan Company of India
Ltd., Delhi, 1977.

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 9. R.G. Bartle, The Elements of Integration, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 1966. .
10.Inder K. Rana, An Introduction to Measure and Integration, Narosa Publ. House, Delhi,
1997.
11.Walter Rudin, Real & Complex Analysis, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing.
12.Edwin Hewitt and Korl Stromberg, Real and Abstract Analysis, Springer-Verlag, New
York.
13.Edwin Hewitt and K. A. Ross, Abstract Harmonic Analysis, Vol. 1, Springer-Verlag, 1993.
14. G. Bachman and L. Narici, Functional Analysis, Academic Press, 1966.
15. N. Dunford and J.T. Schwartz, Linear Operators, Part I, Interscience, New York, 1958.
16. R.E. Edwards, Functional Analysis, Holt Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1965.
17. .C. Goffman and G. Pedrick, First Course in Functional Analysis, Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi, 1987.
18. P.K. Jain, O.P. Ahuja and Khalil Ahmad, Functional Analysis, New Age International (P)
Ltd. & Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 1997.
19. R.B. Holmes, Geometric Functional Analysis and its Applications, Springer-Verlag, 1975.
20. K.K. Jha, Functional Analysis, Students’ Friends, 1986.
21. L.V. Kantorovich and G.P. Akilov, Functional Analysis, Pergamon Press, 1982.
22. E. Kreyszig, Introductory Functional Analysis with Applications, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 1978.
23. B.K. Lahiri, Elements of Functional Analysis, The World Press Pvt. Ltd., Calcutta, 1994.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Smt. Shobha Rani
Representative Members -
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur

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 M.Sc. MATHEMATICS (Fourth Semester)

2021 – 2022

PAPER -II
Mechanics
Max.Marks. 80

Analytical Dynamics:

Unit-I Generalized coordinates. Holonomic and Non-holonomic systems. Scleronomic and

Rheonomic sytems. Generalized potential. Lagrange’s equations of first kind. Lagrange’s
equations of second kind. Uniqueness of solution. Energy equation for conservative fields.
Hamilton’s variables. Donkin’s theorem. Hamilton canonical equations. Cyclic coordinates.
Routh’s equations.

Unit-II Poisson’s Bracket. Poisson’s Identity. Jacobi-Poisson Theorem. Motivating problems of

calculus of variations, Shortest distance. Minimum surface of revolution. Brachistochrone
problem. Isoperimetric problem. Geodesic. Fundamental lemma of calculus of variations.
Euler’s equation for one dependent function and its generalization to (1) ‘n’ dependent
functions, (ii) higher order derivatives. Conditional extremum under geometric constraints
and under integral constraints. Hamilton’s Principle. Principle of least action. Poincare
Cartan Integral invariant.

Unit-III Whittaker’s equations. Jacobi’s equations. Statement of Lee Hwa Chung’s theorem.
Hamilton-Jacobi equation. Jacobi theorem. Method of separation of variables. Lagrange
Brackets. Condition of canonical character of a transformation in terms of Lagrange
brackets and Poisson brackets, invariance of Lagrange brackets and Poisson brackets under
canonical transformations.

Gravitational :

Unit-IV Attraction of rod, disc, spherical shells and sphere. Surface integral of normal attraction
(application & Gauss’ theorem). Potential of rod, disc, spherical shells and sphere. Laplace
and Poisson equations. Work done by self attracting systems. Distributions for a given
potential. Equipotential surfaces. Surface and solid harmonics. Surface density in terms of
surface harmonics.

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 References:

1. A.S. Ramsey, Dynamics Part II, The English Language Book Society and Cambridge
University Press, 1972.
2. F. Gantmacher, Lectures in Analytic Mechanics, MIR Publishers, Moscow, 1975.
3. H. Goldstein, Classical Mechanics (2nd edition), Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.
4. I.M. Gelfand and S.V. Fomin, Calculus of Variations, Prentice Hall.
5. S.L. Loney, An Elementary Treatise on Statics, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 1979.
6. A.S. Ramsey, Newtonian Gravitation, The English Language Book Society and the Cambridge
University Press.
7. Narayan Chandra Rana & Pramod Sharad Chandra Joag, Classical Mechanics, Tata McGraw
Hill, 1991.
8. Louis N. Hand and Janet D. Finch., Analytical Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Smt. Shobha Rani
Representative Members -
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Fourth Semester)
2021 – 2022
Paper- III

WAVELETS (II)

Max.marks.80

UNIT -I Orthonormal bases of piecewise linear continuous function for L2(T). Orthonormal bases
of periodic splines. Periodization of wavelets defined on the real line.

UNIT -II Characterizations in the theory of wavelets-The basic equation and some of its application.
The characterization of MRA wavelets .

UNIT -III A characterization of Low-pass filters and scaling function. Non-existence of smooth
wavelets in H2(R).

UNIT –IV Frames - The reconstruction formula and the Balian - Low theorem for frames. Frames
From translations and dilations. Smooth frames for H2(R). Discrete Transforms and
algorithms -The discrete and the fast Fourier transforms. The discrete and the fast cosine
transforms. The discrete version of the local sine and cosine bases. and reconstruction
algorithm for wavelets.

Recommended Books :

1. Eugenio Hernandez and Guido Weiss . A First course on Wavelets , CRC Press, New York ,
1996.

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 References:

1. C. K . Chui, An Introduction to Wavelets , Academic Press,1992.

2. I. Daubechies , Ten Lectures on Wavelets , CBS-NSF Regional Conferences in Applied
Mahtematics , 61 ,SIAM , 1992.
3. Y. Meyer , Wavelets , Algorithms and applications ( Translated by R. Rayan ), SIAM ,
1993.
4. M.V. Wickerhauser, Adapted wavelet analysis from theory to software,
Wellesley,MA,A.K. Peters, 1994.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Smt. Shobha Rani
Representative Members -
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Fourth Semester)

2021 – 2022
PAPER -IV

Operations Research (II)

Max.Marks. 80

Unit-I Dynamic Programming-Deterministic and Probabilistic Dynamic programming. Integer

Programming- Branch and Bound Technique.

Unit-II Game Theory-Two-Person, Zero-Sum Games. Games with Mixed Strategies. Graphical,
Solution. Solution by Linear Programming.

Unit-III Queueing system: Deterministic Queueing system, probability distribution in Queueing,

classification of Queueing models, Poission Queueing system ((M/M/I): (∞/FIFO),
(M/M/I): (SIRO) (M/M/I): (N/FIFO)), Inventory control : The concept of EOQ,
Deterministic inventory problem with no shortages.

Unit-IV Nonlinear Programming-One and Multi-Variable Unconstrained Optimization. Kuhn-

Tucker Conditions for Constrained Optimization. Quadratic Programming.

References:
1. F.S. Hillier and G.J. Ueberman. Introduction to Operations ResBareft (Sixth Edition), McGraw
Hill International Edition, Industrial Engineering Series, 1995. (This book comes with a CD
containing tutorial software).
2. G. Hadley, Linear Programming, Narosa Publishing House, 1995.
3. G. Hadly, Nonlinear and Dynamic Programming, Addison-Wesley, Reading Mass.
4. Mokhtar S. Bazaraa, John J. Jarvis and Hanif D. Sherali, Linear Programming and Network
flows, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1990.
5. H.A. Taha, Operations Researc~-An introduction, Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., New Yark.
6. K. Swarup, P.K. Gupta and Man Mohan, Operations Research, S. Chand & Sons, N.Delhi.
7. S.S. Rao, Optimization Theory and Applications, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
8. P. K. Gupla and D.S. Hira, O. R.- An Introduction. S. Chand & Co.y Ltd., N.Delhi.

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 9. N.S. Kambo, Mathematical Programming Techniques, Affiliated East-West Press Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Smt. Shobha Rani
Representative Members -
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Fourth Semester)
2021 – 2022

PAPER-III
Programming in C (with ANSI features) Theory and Practical (II)

Max. Marks. 80
(Theory-50 + Practical-30)

Unit-I Storage Classes-Fixed vs. Automatic Duration. Scope. Global variables. The register
Specifier. ANSI rules for the syntax and Semantics of the storage-class keywords. Dynamic
Memory Allocation

Unit-II Pointers- Pointer Arithmetic. Passing Pointers as Function Arguments. Accessing Array
Elements through Pointers. Passing Arrays as Function Arguments. Sorting Algorithms.
Strings. Multidimensional Arrays. Arrays of Pointers. Pointers to Pointers.

Unit-III Functions-Passing Arguments. Declarations and Calls. Pointers to Functions. Recursion.

The main ( ) Function. Complex Declarations. The C Preprocessor-Macro Substitution.
Conditional Compilation. Include Facility. Line Control.

Unit-IV Structures and Unions-Structures.Linked Lists. Unions, enum Declarations. Input and
Output-Streams, Buffering. The <Stdio.h> Header File. Error Handling. Opening and
Closing a File. Reading and Writing Data. Selecting an I/O Method. Unbuffered I/O
Random Access. The standard library for Input/Output.

References:
1. Peter A. Darnell and Philip E. Margolis, C: A Software Engineering Approach, Narosa
Publishing House (Springer International Student Edition) 1993.
2. Samuel P. Harkison and Gly L. Steele Jr., C : A Reference Manual, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall,
1984.
3. Brian W. Kernighan & Dennis M. Ritohie, The C Programme Language, 2nd Edition (ANSI
Features), Prentice Hall 1989
4. Yashwant Kanetkar, Let Us C, 8th Edison, B P B Publications 2007.
5. E. Balagurusamy, Programming in C (ANSI), 4 th Edison, Tata Mac Graw Hill.

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 List of C programming for 4th sem. Mathematics
1. WAP to input any number and compute sum of its digits using
2. WAP to compute factorial of any number using recursive function.
3. WAP to perform different arithmetic operations using pointers.
4. WAP to print the element of an array using pointers.
5. WAP to calculate the sum of all elements stored in an array using pointer.
6. WAP to exchange two values using call by reference.
7. WAP to print the reverse of an integer number entered by user using recursion.
8. WAP for multi dimensional arrays.
9. WAP to short an integer array using sorting algorithm.
10. WAP to print prime numbers between 1 and n.
11. WAP to add n numbers which will be entered by the user.
12. WAP to add two matrices.
13. WAP to calculate the length of the string using pointer.
14. WAP to find maximum element in array.
15. WAP to swap strings.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Smt. Shobha Rani
Representative Members -
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 M. Sc. Mathematics (Fourth Semester)
2021 – 2022
Paper- V
Fuzzy Set and their Applications (II)

Max.marks.80

Unit-I Fuzzy Logic - An overview of classical logic. Multivalued logics. Fuzzy propositions.
Fuzzy Quantifiers. Linguistic variable and hedges. Inference from conditional fuzzy
proposition. The compositional rule of inference.

Unit-II Approximate Reasoning. An overview of fuzzy expert system. Fuzzy implications and their
selection. Multiconditional approximate reasoning. The role of fuzzy relation equation.

Unit-III An introduction to Fuzzy Control - Fuzzy Controllers. Fuzzy Rule base. Fuzzy inference
engine. Fuzzification. Defuzzification and various defuzzification method.

Unit-IV Decision Making in Fuzzy Environment-Individual decision making. Multiperson decision

making. Multicriteria decision making. Multistage decision making. Fuzzy ranking methods.
Fuzzy linear programming.

References:

1. Sets and fuzzy logic by G.J. Klir and B. Yuan, Prentice-Hall of, New Delhi, 1995.
2. Fuzzy set theory and its Applictions , By H.J.Zimmermann , Allied Publishers Ltd., New
Delhi, 1991.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members-

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Singh

Smt. Shobha Rani
Representative Members -
(1) Dr. Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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 Value Added Course
on
Writing Research Paper in LaTeX
By
Department of Mathematics
Govt. V. Y. T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg
1. Duration of Course- 30 hrs.
2. Entry Qualification: B. Sc.
3. Trainees per unit minimum- 20
4. Teaching Mode- Both Synchronous (Online) and Asynchronous (Video / PDF)

This course introduces the basic concepts of LaTeX. Participants will be able to
Handle different types of documents, Organize documents into different sections,
subsections, Formatting pages (margins, header, footer, orientation), Formatting text,
Write complex mathematical formulae, Include tables and images, Cross-referencing,
bibliography.

Introduction- How to install LaTeX. creates the first document using LaTeX,
organizes content into sections using article and book class of LaTeX.
Styling Pages- Reviewing different paper sizes, examines packages, formats the page
by setting margins, customizing header and footer, changing the page orientation,
dividing the document into multiple columns. The topic ends with reading different
types of error messages.
Formatting Content- Formatting text (styles, size, alignment), adding colors to text
and entire page, and adding bullets and numbered items. It concludes by explaining the
process of writing complex mathematics.
Tables and Images- Create basic tables, adding simple and dashed borders, merging
rows and columns, and handling situations where a table exceeds the size of a page. To
add an image, explore different properties like rotate, scale, etc…
Referencing and Indexing- Cross-referencing (refer to sections, table, images), add
bibliography (references), and create back index.

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 References:

1. The Not so short Introduction to LaTeX, Tobias Oetiker Hubert Partl, Irene Hyna
and Elisabeth Schlegl.
2. More math Intro Latex, G. Gratzer, Springer publications.
3. The LATEX Companion, Frank Mittelbach and Michel Goossens.

Chairperson / H.O.D - Dr. M.A. Siddiqui Faculty members -

Subject Expert - Dr. C.L. Dewangan Dr. Padmavati

Subject Expert - Dr. B. S. Thakur Dr. Rakesh Tiwari

Subject Expert - Dr. S. K. Bhatt Dr. (Smt.) Prachi Sing

Representative Members - Smt. Shobha Rani

(1) Dr.Jagjeet Kaur -
(2) Shri A. K. Pandey -
(3) Dr. Sapna Thakur -

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