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Substation Interview Questions Answers

Substation components include circuit breakers, disconnecting switches, grounding switches, current and potential transformers, line traps, lightning arrestors, power transformers, shunt reactors, station buses, insulators, and the grounding system. Different types of busbar arrangements used in substations include the single bus, double bus, main and transfer, breaker and a half, and ring main schemes. The one and a half breaker scheme is most reliable but also most costly. For distribution networks, the ring main busbar scheme is commonly used to maintain power supply even if one section is deenergized.

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4K views4 pages

Substation Interview Questions Answers

Substation components include circuit breakers, disconnecting switches, grounding switches, current and potential transformers, line traps, lightning arrestors, power transformers, shunt reactors, station buses, insulators, and the grounding system. Different types of busbar arrangements used in substations include the single bus, double bus, main and transfer, breaker and a half, and ring main schemes. The one and a half breaker scheme is most reliable but also most costly. For distribution networks, the ring main busbar scheme is commonly used to maintain power supply even if one section is deenergized.

Uploaded by

Shashi Shekhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Substation Interview

Questions Answers
What are different insulators employed in substations?
Some of the insulators employed in substations are:
 Pin insulators
 Post insulators
 Strain insulators
 Suspension insulators
 Hallow apparatus insulators
 Dead-end insulators
 Solid core insulators
 What is creepage distance?

Answer: Creepage distance is the shortest distance between two


conducting points along the surface of the insulating material.
What is Basic Impulse Level (BIL)?

Answer: Basic Impulse Level (BIL) refer to the peak value of lightning


impuse voltage withstand capability of the equipment
What are the disadvantages of corona?

Answer: Some of the disadvantages of corona are:


 Corona causes power loss
 Corona causes unacceptable noise
 Corona cause radio interference
What is the significance of Corona rings in substations?

Answer:  It is observed that corona discharge occurs mostly at sharp


corners, edges near the conductor fixing points. Corona rings also
called grading rings are hallow metallic rings having large diameter
and will have a smooth surface. These corona rings are placed
suitably to metal clamps, joints to encircle the conductors surface.
This have the advantage of shifting of high stress point shifted from
conductor surface to corona ring surface. As the diameter and
surface area of the ring is higher than that of the conductor. This
helps in:
 Field distribution is made uniform
 Surface stress is reduced to much lower value
 Corona discharge is eliminated
 Dust deposition is also minimized
What is the neutral point earthing and its advantages?

In substation all the neutrals of rotating machines, transformers,


busbars and other equipmentare connected to ground. Some of the
advantages are:
 Earth fault protection is based on the method of neutral
grounding
 The system voltage during earth faults depends on the
neutral grounding. During line to ground faults,
grounding of neutral helps to reduce the over-voltages
which occur on the onehealthy phases.
What are the different substation components ?

Circuit Breakers, Disconnecting switches, Grounding switches,


Current Transformers, Potential Transformers or Capacitor voltage
Transformers, Line Traps, Lightning Arrestors, Power Transformers,
Shunt Reactors, Current limiting reactors, Station Buses and
Insulators, Grounding system, Series capacitors and shunt
capacitors.

What are different types of busbar arrangement Schemes in


Substations?

Different switching schemes or busbar arrangement scheme


employed in switch-yard are:

 Single Bus Scheme


 Double bus single breaker scheme
 Main and Transfer busbar scheme
 Double bus single breaker scheme
 Breaker and half scheme
 Ring main bus scheme
Which type of bus arrangement is costlier and more reliable?

One and half breaker scheme is most reliable and costlier scheme.
In one and half breaker scheme 3 circuit breakers are provided for 2
bus-bars.  Hence the name is coined as One and half breaker
scheme

For distribution network which type of Switching scheme is


employed?

For distribution network Ring Main busbar scheme is employed. It


has the provision that if power interruption occurs to one bus
section due to maintenance or fault, power can be fed the bus from
other side of the power system.

Factors on which material of station busbar depends?

Some of the factors on which station busbar depends are:

 Current Carrying capacity


 Short Circuit Stresses
 Establishing minimum electrical clearances
What are the different electrical clearances in Substation?

Ground Clearance: This is the minimum distance between any live


conductor and the earth or ground.

Phase Clearance: It is the clearance between the different phases in


a circuit or same phases in different circuits
Sectional Clearance: This is the minimum clearance between the
live conductor and the limits of work, where spacial clearance is
related to the safety of the operating personnel. The limits of work
section may be ground or the platform on which the person is
working.

Why EHV busbars are hallowed and circular?

To avoid corona effect.

What are different Bus bar materials used in Substation?

Busbars are generally made of copper and Aluminum. Aluminim has


the advantage of one third the weight of the copper and also
Aluminum requires less maintenance and proper use of alloys
provide necessary rigidity required for bus material. Aluminum is
used widely in EHV and HV stations

What is the first equipment of the substation connected to the


incoming transmission line?

Lightning arrestor is the first equipment of the substation


connecting the incoming transmission lines. It protects other
substation equipment from lightning and switching surges
by suppressing them to ground. Lightning arrestors also placed in
the substation between both the ends of major equipment  such as
power transformers for protection.

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