« ~ SURFACE SAE International’ VEHICLE INFORMATION [asa REPORT Revised 2003-12 Suporseding J452 JANES General information—Chemical Compositions, Mechanical and Physical Properties of SAE Aluminum Casting Foreword—Tris Decument has not changed other than to put it Ilo the new SAE Technical Standards Board Format 1. Scope—The SAE Standards for aluminum casting alleys cover a wide range of castings for ganeral and special use, but do not include al the alloys in commercial use. Over the years, aluminum alloys have been ‘nian by many numbering systems as shown in Table 1. Presently, SAE is recommending the use of ho UNS Numbering Systom to idenily these materiale. The castings are made princpaly by sand ‘cast, Permanent melo, oF ce cast methods; however, shell molding, investment casting, plaster cast, and etho less ‘common foundry methods may also be used. ifthe alloys lsiad do nat have the Gested chatacters, fs recommended that the manufacturers of aluminum casings be consulted. 2 References 2.41 Applicable Publications—The folowing publications form a part of the epecication to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply 2.1.1 ASTM PusLiceTONS—Avalable rom ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, ASTME29—Pracice for Using Signiicant Digis in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications ‘ASTM E-94—Tost Method for Chemical Analysis of Alumifum and Aluminum Alloys [ASTM E 117—Method for Spectrographic Analysis of Pig Lead bythe Pointo-Plane Technique ‘ASTM B 597—Methods of Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum and Magnesism Aley Producte 3%. Casting Types—Generai—TMere are two general types of cast akuminum alloys: nonheat treatable and host treatable, The nonheattreatablo alloys normally are usod in he as-cast condition (F), bul may be annealed — ‘temper designation (O}—1o relieve casting siesses orto reduce the possibly of distortion duing machining, ‘The heat treatable alloys usually are used in a heat treated coneiton because ofthe increased strengths fesulting from the hea! treaiment, These treatments generally consist of a high tomperature solution ‘treatment, followed by quenching in water, and alo temperature aging treatment (Té) li Moirewnsseange‘SAE J452 Revised DEC2003 ‘TABLE TYPICAL USES OF SAE ALUMINUM CASTING ALLOYS AND SIMILAR SPECIFICATIONS ‘Alloy Designations ‘Similar Specications| yee ot Former] Casting ‘ypleal Uses and uns | ansi sae | © asta Feaerat | aus ‘Genera Ota wezore | 2010) eae |S | Bae | — | — |eryhighatongnatvoom and elated erperate; good mpact sera pa | — | — | a2oe [and auciy: nig coat premium eating ay ozoga | 2050) — | s | — | — | 4257 |r onsie ana yaa strong wn moderate ditty: god tecture pu | — | — |. foigmess na lonper sural pars er automata ans axoepco lspptestons. romeo | mao] son | 5 | s2s looasot] — [tis eben and sirens roaing peri, aczaa | 2220 36 | 5 | 26 |oc-nso1| — |phmanyplaton aly, tase use or aeecledcyerder heads and ale pu | ates Joo-asoe| — jsnpetquces reeaeo | 2420) 39 | 5 | 626 Joc-A-so1 | 4222 |e primary fr aol eynaer heads, but also fr pistons in ih pu | 108 |o0-asoe] — |petomance azcine engi. ozssa | 2950 38 | S| G26 |00-x001| 4231 | Gono stucua casting rauting high srength and shock eit, ozse0 | 2950, — | em | 5109 |oc-nse6| 4292 |Mexiation olay 296.0 for ue in parmanont mle aasiza | 5130) s20 | S| 826 |oc-aem| — |Genwralouposs mens aly, go ound characteristics. pu | e108 Jooasos| — raiea |eo190 229 | ss | — | — | — |Gonealpurpase toy simiarin3160, awh loner ditty andimerovee pu | — | = | machina rosea | sea0) a2 | 5 | B25 loons] — |simlari stays as60 and 3580, tt ower dot, sosaea | sa20) sxe | pu [aoe [o0-aso5| — Prony eedtor auomatve and compreseer pone. oxea0 | 3930) sat | pM | 8108 /c0-4.896| — |General purpose low-cost permanant mold aly used for engine pats, | motor Reusing, tyes housrgs, and regular pats sosoco | saso) sor | pm | e108 }oa-asas| — [Piston aley navies lw expansion sozeso | 390] sxe | pm | — | — | — |Piconatey sosszo | asso) ~ | pw [eros] — | — |Hghssrengh promiam vat casing aby jess] — | — sossso | sso] 222 | = | 26 [oo-xcos| 4210 |General ueo where igh srg, mau ductity and pressure tighaes par | e108 {ao-a-soe ate [ar requ euch ae pump bodes and qu cooled pide aad sassso |cssso| sss | s | axe Joo-rsos| 271s |simlarto stay 3550, tut has reste custty Jess] — | — osseo | sao] 220 | s _| 26 [oo.ncn: | 2217 [ror imnicte castes veqting god svengh and duty. pu | 6108 Jo0.8 06] 2a — | — | 4a rase0 |9560] 230 | s | G26 Joo.ans| 4218 |simsarto ay 3560, buna eter cin. eu | e108 Ja0.s.s96) — oe sossro | asro] — | s | — | — | — |eimeartosiay 567.9, bat hss gremer duty. pu | ere Joonsos) — assero |assro] — | | — | — | s210 |Mighstongt sci acy wih god ety pu fee} — | — Jace! — | — sossco | sso] — | s | — | — | — |gnavongnstuca toy win good due.— SAE J452 Revised DEC2003 ‘TABLE 1—TYPICAL USES OF SAE ALUMINUM CASTING ALLOYS AND SIL AR SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED) ‘Alo Designtions Sie Specteations a Fomer| Costing “Types Uses ane tuws | ansi|"sae | —(" [asmia| Fedor | aus General Oat ‘woos | sco0l — | 0 | eas | — | — |\erygnodcasing characteris good corosion eitarce: WSU FaDe lt atey 413 wnere ager mechaneal properties te rected. ‘ia00 |4aso0| aco | 0 | as |oonsot] 4200 [Etcotert caning earacietas; uted er use in tale orincate latins prods Inc chanber casing machine hgn corecon rears: sigh higher mschancal propria a0) 2800. azeoo | sto) s08 | © | 5s |aa-nser| — |seiart afoy A800, tu outa br ve ner ckchamber or [osceaneck acre. -xan00 |42@00) 206 |p | Bas |ac-As01| a201 \Good caning characterises anseutanc o conosen; nt xpeky {uted or an soctna test cscs machines soaeso | eso] 69 | 0 | 85 Jacasor| — |starioatoy 3606, tut win moe castabay roa | sexo] sa | | 685 Jao-asst| — |Gonealpurpee ay watnigh Rudy; anes twald castings er casings wih ge vost | seco} — | 0 | — | — | — |regnearrestans; ued or ond: ts ransmision pump anda corereeer roving, eal eno ankcoes, nd ey condone tons aszaoa [2000] — | 9 | — | — | — |Site a900, nat ermtd for sand and prmancnt ok cacg, xes000 |ss000] — | 9 | = | = | = |simarto aay 3000, aosia0 | ata] — | 0 | as} — | — occ trge tinal do costings, cto machine and ih, sssro0 [aaiao] 305] 0 | es facasor| — righ conesion rosistancs extant cacy, ured fr complied lstteg an hin stor, ao cet fo macrine and fish sae |euaa| 36 | 5 | 526 lo0-Asor| — |useatermrcate casings hating thn econ; god corodon rsetano; | 8108 {o0-xs56] — se atengm and good det. sossz0 Jcusno] soe |p | bes Ja0.asor| — |Go0s caning emacs ant resitanoe tncereon, aiaso [asta] — | 8 | — | —~ | — [eco casabtiy: ecole dua) for mpac abereton: wed or bpe ‘ang pst nd tropa comoreeo shige. soso | st4o} seo | 5 | nae |oceacor| — |hederte erent: very high carodonrdtanoe noszoo | 5200) set | 8 | 826 |o0-n6or| 4240 [Hon stengm sutra soy rere speci und and haat at Preccesiesptitsters cones ue sosaso | soso] — | 5 | 626 /a0-0¢0) — [esceter sock and comes esstance, reno aii ad Imctnaity us compete emponet, rare setae oad leaspment an appoatos where aes utr em sores | 7080) a1 | 5 | eas [ocean] — |bignsrengh general puss ay: cxcton actnabity ana | sion |ac-xs96| — |Smersioa! sabiyhighcoroson resetance canbe anos sore | vor0| 12 | 8 | B26 |ac-naoi| — lemtare aty 7050, ruticherstengt and over cy, ea | 5108] 00.606] — zorica | rio] a1 | 8 | 26 |o0-A¢01] — |Hynsrongh genes pees ty sntarto loys 705.0 an 707.0; ea8hy pp zoriaa | 7120| 10 | 5 | a0 |ca-scor] — [aeneral purpose srucu casings dowleping sree equleno atoy 295.0 waheutquiing heat eater, tel caingchatecteraoe Isiah poorer tna sy 205.0, aonao | 7130 316 | s_ | 228 laaoncos! — |Sintertoatoy 7100 pi_| 108 |oo-asos| — 1 S-sanc cast Pe—permanen mad: De cae‘SAB J452 Revised DEC2003 By aging the solution treated castings at higher temperature to a T7 condition, a product having more stable properties in sorvico at clevatad temperatures and less likely to distort during machining is obtained, Occasionally, the artificial aging treatment is omitted and the castings are used in the quenched and naturally ‘aged condition (4); at other times (espocially in cactings to be used at elevated temperatures) the solution ‘teatment is omitted and the castings aro moroly stabilized or aged (T5). This type of thermal treatment provides @ limited form of stress relof. Various combinations of properties can be secured by adjusting the {thermal treatments, but ony the commonly used conditions form a part ofthe specication Casting Type And Alloys—Solection—Move liberal as-cast dimensional tolerances are employed for sand castings than for pormanent mold or de castings, Overall wall hickness and finish stock allowance are usually greater than for permanent mold or die casting. Tho process has the capabiily of producing parts with good internal soundness. Newly developed automated high-pressure sand molding methods allow large volume production of sand castings. (Timing to get a now part into production is favorable due to lower tooling time Fequitements for sand equipment in comparison to the time required for hard molds and cies.) Permanent mold castings can be cast to close tolerances. For the same chemical composition, they have slightly higher mechanical properties than sand castings. Disposable cores can be used to form both internal ‘or external cavities having pockols or undreuls that wil not craw with metal cares. This type casting is called semi-permanent mold. The process has the capabilty of allowing castings with good internal soundness to be produced. Semi and pormanent mold parts are generally produced by one of two methods: gravity, in which metal is [PoUred into the mold, oF low pressure, in which metal is forced into the mold from a sealed funace by lon pressure ar, ‘The use of die castings for high-volume production of automotive parts has found wide application in this industry. Die castings can be held to much closer tolerances than either sand or permanant mold, The process will permit thinner overall wal thickness and lesser amounts of irish stock thus resulting in a lower ‘weight part. Some holes can bo cast within the limitations of the design and part orientation in the die, The surface of die castings is smooth if cies ara well maintained, but sometimes can deteriorate with extensive die usage. When surface fnishing is required, this characteristic can be advantageous from a cost standpoint. ‘The uniformity of dimensions, lower weight, and lesser finish stock permits lower costs of finish machining operations. This, coupled with lower as-cast weight, removal of gating with trim dies, high productivity casting rates, and uso in tho as-cast condition, usually results in ie castings having’ very favorable costs in ‘comparison to paris made by other processes even though tooling costs are more expensive. Although test bar values for die cast alloys aro, in gonoral, high in tensile and yield due to their having been cast with @ high chill rate, @ lack of internal soundness of castings made from the alloy can result in lowor property levels. Injection of metal under high pressures through thin gates which may cause inclusions, solicitation phenomene, and actual casting design features unfavorable fo producing sound areas, can result in internal defects that reduce considerably the property level of actual parts from that of test bar values. It is fextromely important that the preducar and the user of dia castings cooperate very closely in the design, planning, and try out stages to obtain satisfactory quality in die-cast parts,SAE 1452 Revised DEC2003, Pattern Design—in the design of pattems for the production of aluminum alloy sand castings, a shrinkage is usually allowed Table 2A and may vary slightly depending upon the form and size of the casting. Producers of castings should also be consulled concerning the dasign of the pattern so that the best results may be Obiained with the alloy to be used. The information provided in Table 2 is based on a siudy made by the ‘American Founcrymen's Soovely Chemical Compositions—Chemical analysis shall be made in accordance with ASTM E 34, Standars Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Base Alloys, or any othar approved method agreed Uupon by the manufacturer and the purchasor. The analysis may be made spectrographically, provided tha, in ‘case of dispute, the resuits secured by the ASTM E 34 methods shal be the basis for acceptance. For purposes of determining conformance to limits indicated in Table 3, an observed or a calculated value obtained from analysis is rounded off o the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in ‘expressing the specified limit in accordance withthe rounding method of ASTM E 29, Recommended Practicos for indicating Which Places of Figures are to be Considered Significant in Specitying Limiting Values Mechanical And Physical Properties—The lypical physical properties of SAE casting alloys are shown in ‘able 4. The specified mechanical properties shown in this SAE information Report are the values that should bbe obiained irom standard test specimens, separately cast under concitions that duplicate, as closely as Possible, the conditions of solidification of the casting, and tested without machining, excep! to adapt the ends to the grips ofthe testing equipment. The specified properties for sand casting alloys Table 5 are for 1/2 in (12.7 mm) diameter standard test bars cast without chills in grean sand molds, and the specliae properties for ‘the permanent mold alloys Table 6 are for 1/2 in (12.7 mm) diameter standavd test bars cast in 2 permanent mold. The typical tensile proportes given for die casting alloys Table 7 are fer 1/4 in (64 mm) diameter Standard cle Ces test bars as shown in ASTM B 557, Mothods of Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum ‘and Magnesium Alloy Products, 6‘SAE 4452 Revised DEC2003 ‘TABLE 2A—SAE ALUMINUM ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS ‘Alloy Designations Foundry Charatorites Pattern dips | ee Soltcation or Pressure ‘Shrinkage uns_| ans | sac | costing [om | % | Cracking® | tightness | rua? | tendancy) Aen w10) 982 8 wa [30 + 3 a @ nezoso | 060] — s sa | 130 4 3 a ‘ Pw 2 | @ « 3 3 ‘ ezos0 | 080] 80 s sa | 190 ‘ a a 3 Pw ® | @ ‘ 3 3 8 nozzzo | 2220] a8 s se | 120 3 8 3 a Pw 2 | @ 4 4 3 4 nooseo | azo) 38 is se | 130 4 a 3 4 Pu a |e 4 4 a 4 seceso | 2050] a8 8 sa | 120 4 ‘ a 3 ease | 060] — Pa ale 4 3 3 é osteo | ste0] 26 s seo | 120 2 2 2 2 Ps @ | oe 2 2 2 3 resto | ssreo] a0 8 sa | 120 2 2 2 2 Pe a | @ 2 2 2 2 soceto | enol 27 x sae | 150 1 1 1 1 roseeo | azo] a2 Pe @ | a 1 2 ‘ 2 sosesa | sao] 81 Pu a | a 2 2 1 a rossea | seo] 21 Pa a | a@ 1 2 1 3 soseeo | sano] ane Pu a | @ 1 2 1 2 nossea | 540 — Pa a | a@ 2 1 , a rossso | sso] sz2 5 see | 120 1 1 1 1 Pw a | @ 1 1 2 2 ascsco | casso| ais 8 sce | 190 1 1 1 1 Pw me | @ 1 1 2 2 rocoto | sse0| m3 s sxe | 120 1 1 1 1 Pu a | a 1 1 2 1 ‘araseo | assao] a6 s sx | 130 1 t 4 1 Pu a | @ 1 1 2 1 soaso | sera] — s sa | 120 1 1 1 1 pu e | @ 1 1 2 1 arasro | aaszo] = s sse | 10 1 1 1 1 pu a | @ 1 1 2 1 asco | soo] — s soe | 190 2 2 1 2 Pw @ | @ 2 2 2 2 roseoo | sooo] — > a | a 1 1 1 = rosso | sooo] 308, ° a | @ 1 1 1 = ‘nssao0 | 13000] 206: . » | @ 1 1 1 =SAE J452 Re 1d DEC2003 ‘TABLE 2A—SAE ALUMINUM ALLOY CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) ‘Alloy Designations Foundry Characeristest = Siriniage | exces ‘Soliiteation Mp Alowance| ToHOt | pressure ‘Shrinsge uns_| awsi_| sae | casting | int | | cracking® | rightness | Fiuiaty®? | Tondoney® oseso | ses) 909 D @ |e T 7 7 = poseto | zeae) — . a | a 1 1 1 = sao | seo] — ° a | a a a ‘ = ave | xtooo] = s seo | a0 a | 3 1 a Pu » | a a a 1 a eso | B90) — ° » |e s 3 ‘ = pos | 4190, — ° a | o 1 2 + = atsiso | A6ia0) 908 ° 1 2 1 = paecso | puao) a5, s see | 120 1 1 + 1 pu @ @ 1 1 1 2 acwean | casao] aoe D a ® 2 a a — vase | aseo) — s soe | 190 4 4 5 = soso | S140] 320 s see | 120 ‘ 5 5 s oscoo | sz00] 324 s ano | ona ‘ 5 ‘ 5 nossso | sas0| — 5 sro | oma 8 5 3 4 soso | 7050] a1 5 ane | 156 5 3 4 ‘ noms | 7os0| a1 Pu =» | @ 5 ‘ 4 5 sorora | raza] 9x2 5 ans | 156 5 3 4 4 om @ | @ 5 4 4 5 soro | 7100) 319 8 ans) tse 5 3 4 4 soro | 1120) 310 8 ans | 156 5 a 4 4 sorso | 7130] 315 8 ans | 156 5 a 4 4 Pa a |e 5 ‘ 4 5 1." ineates net group: 5 inate poorest ot oun 2. Notappestieto permanent oi ancaecasings. Alowances aeforawerape sand casing. Svinkage equimonts wil vary with inioacyo aan an ciersions. NOTE: Type castin: S—sand cast Pitpermanont mak Do cat, ‘Api o aoy owistarecotracion stresses while cooing tough hotshot or bt ‘ity quay oom easy mele ann eectne. Decreae in wlue sozorparying heal falc end measure ct enount ol compensating feed metal equradn form of se. temporaure range +.‘SAE 452 Revised DEC2003 : Po) veo Ayeaion SOLSIHSLOVEVHO AOTIY HuNNINNTY aYS—Bz 3TEVLSAE J452 Revised DEC2003, Jog veda] 91 ue pose shoe eee 2 oa ea. ey “, on °K ‘afurEe a Amgen ‘pPonmdonoaa]| EuusnN ‘Sona uoieieuD 10410 (GSANILNOO) SOUSIHALOVUYHO AOTIW HNNWINTY aYS—ae STEVE‘SAE J452 Revised DEC2003 a SS ew omy sco — |sve loro foro = a | we | oem | ccrey sto joo feo | leo | = | mas | w8 | ogra | oottev seo |- = |sv0 foro foso - a | so | oe | osimv so |— = |sro foro foso - a | = | oxw | cevoy ozo oro foco [— ex foro - a | — | vse | ccscew ozo foro foro | Jor | — | — was | — | cover | cooeiy oo foo joo | Jao | — | = a | — | cose | coseoy oso |- — co lor lose = a | ee | ove | oracow oso |- = |so lee ceo - co | ee | ove | cemcoy oo = |sco fe oso - a | se | oveey | cope oso | = |s0 joe foro ~ Jeesx | a | one | oo | comcoy so [- = |e0 foro foro - ove | a | soe | ooeey | ooseiy seo | = favo foro loco ~ coos | a | — | one | oseov sro foo foro | foo | — | — sess | mes | — | cose | osscov s10 fais00 Joeo-soof— ova | - sess | nes | — | oxsey | oesei sto soo foro j- feoo | — | — sees | mas | — | oxce | orseov sro jeoo foro |- loo | — | = jseso | was | see | ovsey | cocci sro |soo |sro [leo | — | - ses | was | cee | ops | osceoy sro foo joo [- loro | — | = ser | nas | sce | oss | osseey sro soo sco |- seo | — |sco sssr | wes | ze | oso | osseow sro soo foro |- foro | = JH vooe | na | — | ove | onseoy oo | jezo | doy Jeweo | — ocrou| wa | se | weer | oseeoy = soo feo |- |eeo loeoe | — joerou] ws | ie | oo | ooccoy oo J- feo | fox jose - joor-oe | na | sce | oeee | octeoy oso | fee [fox oo = jsoise | ma | cee | oer | ozccov oso |- seo [fev sco eco owe | oszev eso | eco | fososo ~ coisa | ccisey ore | feo | low eco = B88 | cevcoy sco | |sco | awe ovo. = ose | owseoy sro jsoo eco |- foro | — | — 0962 | ostzow sto sro eco | eco fears Jaco oze | ceveow seo F feeo [| Joo oso - oe | ozzy wo | feo | Jor eco - x02 | oeozoy svo |sv0 Jocosvalsva foro leoo - ove | asozow oo |e lsersrol— |- = 102 _| otozow ma fuer, ou | ws | | w]e ‘woneutisea) swn sy wow, | () SAOTIY BNULSVO WNNININTY 3¥S 4O SNOLLISOUWOO TVaINSHO—e STava “10‘SAE J452 Revised DEC2003 “OTBMPE fone Aa as ovatus 4 pazedas uaa sey YoU ‘voted sew 2001 "umfu0g so0ro-cne 9 SERED Cay or faye 20m 56 34 | 1st9 9-9 Yepuleuel eqs unsuny “Bune so peau aii oeaxD UKE OM SEA. “s ore eo = eee] = a eeea pe 0] 1 [seo Wes | Si | Oo [ono ozo |s00 |eeosiol— |eoos soor0|sev-o00 loro azo | oso [aco s | ot | oz |oeiov 20 sve joo |eco |- foros) — | — |roeo loo [seo | oso lao s_ | ee | gow | cow sro so |sco | |srov) — loroaeolvee: |soovo loo | so ozo wes | ac | ox | ancy sro js0 |sco | Jeexz| — Jovoszojerr |oooro jaro | go ovo wes | ue | ose | osacov sro js loreal | — | — | — |sxee |seo-oro|sce | sro |svo s | — | oss | osesoy sro js0o |seo J sro | — | — |oores foro [seo | ovo [azo s | vee | ones | ooesoy sro_|soo_|sco ovo [ovo | — | — |spee leco [oro | oso [seo s| ce | ons | ons wor [wea] au | us) Zz fom | > | Om | ww | mo | ea | 1 [qeneaal avs |voneutiea} swn weures | iene aio I l (GANNUNOD) (,) SAOTIY ONULSVO WNNINMY aS. 40 SNOLLISOdWOD WOIWSHO—E T1avL,SAE J452 Revised DEC2003 TABLE 4—TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SAE CASTING ALLOYS erat Coat of Thema Exp, 108 oy —_| Denaty | meting ene” | | aa Gon | Cond” |os-ava-r| “e lessres| 20-2006 wns | asi |remper| mint | iam? |e |e | iaes | wameia [part | parvo |"nete| atte ‘aware | aoa fre eier | aaoo | wis-v200|sae-eSo] ao | iei [ or] sea | aay} ear T0301 | aon | o26-1200|sa5-e00| 20 | sz | ter | toa | var | ane sess] aso | 14 | e101 | 2200 |sor0-s00|se2-650/ — | iar | ior | wa | — | aameo| 2080 | | aros | ze00 | sro-stea|serecr| ax | iz | ize | aea | vas | ans x | 0101 | 2500 | sro-nteo|sar-ear] — | — | tea | zea | sae | ant 55 oso: | enon | srotteo|sereor] — | — | tea | zz | tae | ant 1 | asos| asoo | ororico|scr-oxr| — | — | tea | zea | soe | ant 17 [ari] 2000 | ero-reo|sercer] — | — | ies | aes | ae | oer aoeze0| zee0 | 0 | aror| 2080 | oesrise — | = | ws] ar | wr | ae est |on07 | 2060 | sosriss}oreszs| — | — | tas | aor | tar | ane et | 0107] 200 | vos-iss |sie-cct| ce | tao | ios | act | tar | ane es | a1o7| ao | sosriss fsreaze] — | — | toa | aor | tat | ane voatea| azo |o | ave) 2000 | soos |sees| — | — | tos | aor | tea | ane rerun | axe | 2800 | soo-vrs |sooms| sx | sa | ros | ar | toe | aes ter [orca ata | soos |ssoes| — | — | was | mor | rae | ces rr [swe | 2820 | coors |sanens| a0 | is | tos | aor | tae | aus aesso| 2560 | 14 | arco | aszo | sro-tieo|sere0| — | im | tz | zoo | an | ane we | asoe| 220 | ovettco |sere0) a5 | i | tor | ao | tae | te tee [ooe| zeae | sro-io0 |sores| — | wae | tar | ozo | ise | ae wz [asoe| ze20 | sro-no sere] — | — | tar | mes | isa | aan soaico| ano |t4 | o10i | 2000 | svo-r7o|savssa] — | wo | ioe | azo | waa | sae ree! [0101 | 2000 | sro |sorase| ce | oo | to2 | ao | wa | ase 1 oxo: | 2mm | srorv7o|serese] — | — | waz | azo | ma | ao aasteo| sie0 |r | ono1 | aa00 | aso-ti20|sie-cos] 27 | me | tre | aia | wor | aoe ts | oao1| an00 | soorz0|ste-coe] — | | ita | aia | tar | ooo re | ex0r| 2600 | oco-sz0|sieeoe] — | — | ito | ota | ter | zoo er | e701 | 2800 | sco-z0 | steeot = | no | aa | ter | zee sasio[aswolrs |" | — | | | — | = | We | a* | #7 | me wile lee tal = | = fo | oo] & ammeso| eso |r | cove | 2720 |soes-1105|sse-s06| oo | am | ne | zi | woo | axe we | eave | 720 | ices-r0s|sse-s06] — | — | ita | ais | veo | coe sacaao| a2za | tse) | o1co | 2770 | srontaso|sei-sez| 26 | soe | tts | zor | tan | aoe sos | axa0 | pi | 0.100 | 270 | 960-1085 | 516-505} 25 104 Wa 205 124 229 se [roo | 2770 | ecoroes |sioaes| 20 | ur | na | aos | ye | za we [0100] 2770 | osotoss |sio-s05] 2 | uz | na | aos | ize | 220 rv 0300 aro | co-tces|sie-sos| as | io | na | cos | vee | mao anas0| sano | rssi| o0n8 | 2720 | tcoo-1050]sse-s08| 29 | a7 | so | ree | ao | ave res | o0ve | arzo | co0-0s0| sce-sos] — | — | rio | tea | v20 | ave orca sae | rssxt| 0008] zo — | — | — | aw | — | Sey By Bs saaseo | acga | rei | o0os | 2720 |som0-1108]sapsss| 9 | as | nie | mo | wor | coo saasso | aaa | 151 | ooas | 270 |sorssse|ove-cat| aa | ier | ize | zea | sar | oer re | 0029) reo | rots-10|sae-eot| a | a2 | ize | zea | sar | oer eam | 0008 | 2720 |rors-tis0|saeaes| 26 | ve | ios | aes | tar | aes | |rx Joe | 2720 |so15-1150|sueaes| a2 | tes | tex | 223 | ror | ser rr _[oces | 2700 [rors-tsso|soaz| so | is | tos | ms | tar | gar‘SAE J482 Revised DEC2003 ‘TABLE 4—TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SAE CASTING ALLOYS (CONTINUED) Aomori (Coetof Therma Expan, «10° Alloy Bensty | Wetting angel? | aa ond. | cond. |eo-212°F] °c |o0-s7a-F|20-200°¢ Temper ton? | nom? | oF | se | seincs | wun) | nerve | perce | per F | perc Te | 0086 | 27a0 |rois-vrs0| sue-ean| a5 | 2 | tea | 223) ta7 [par or | oe | 2720 | rors-r1s0|s4e-e21| ar | sas | za | a2a | say | ocr osseo | seso | — | over | aeas | r0as-r1a5|ssr-ei3] — | — | m9 | are | wo | ase tet anor | 2605 | toss-ra5|ssr-ers| <3 | sor | sa | aia | sao | ase re aor | 2688 |ross-tia5|ssr-ers| 09 | is | se | aie | see | 22 37 | acer | ess | t005-1795|057-010/ 20 | 155 | 1a | as | t29 | ase rm | acer} sess | toas-trs5|ssr-os] — | — | mo | as | seo | ese avaseo | asseo | re | oor | ees | toss-tias|ssr-es| — | — | a | are | too | ase rer | oos7 | 2605 |ross-t1s5|ss7-o10| a9 | ts | ssa | ara | ize | ene Tr Jooar | 2ea5 |roas-135|ss7-e0] — | — | as | a | s29 | ane qr | oow7 | 2005 | ross-t135|ssr-sis] — | — | uo | aa | sae | eee vossro | sero | 1s | oosr| asus | roas-t135]s67-0:9/ 52 | a1 | s10 | ara | tee | eae asaero | assr0) res | oos7 | aes |oas-nias}ssr-sia/ oo | ast | ng | ais | wea | ana osssa | ss0 | To: | ooe7 | apes | r0as-1115] 563-00) 3s | 1a | m5 | aoe | s27 | zoe ossoa | 2600 F — faoss | 290 |sos5-1105}s87-596| — | — | yaa | oo) — | — ‘arzeoo | ase00 | F | ocos | 2630 | rox5-1105| 557-506 | 2 | 119 | yea | aoa | — 7 soaao0 | 2000 | F | ose | 2720 | r000-t100| sse-s05| 23 | 06 | iam | orem | — | — arseso | aseoo | F | aos | zv20 | ro00-r100| sse-s03| — | too | — | — | — ~ soaen0 | amo |r — | ose | 2720 | se0-t080| sis-ssz| 2s | 9 | ara lave | — | — aosato| sso |r | oss | 2720 | s60-1080| 516-502 23 | a |r | aaa | — = 03900 | e500 | F 2/5, loslese| = = |e [= Pe | = area00| as900 | ts | 0009 | 2740 | ovs-t200 | s07-s40] 25 | vo | woo | tao | — | — re | 089 | 270 | o4s-1200| so7-ec0] — | — | roo | 190 | — = tr | aaa | 270 | 945-1200] sore] — | — | 100 | 120 | — = szzsa00 | ess00 | F ~|=-| = [= [=] Ss] ae] = = | & posra0 | «130 |r | aso | 2060 | ro8s-r080| sra-seo} — | — | arom | ara | — | — aterz0 | astao | F | cass | aso | ro5s-s000| sre-see} 1 | ter | inom | ara | — a azesso | eees0 |r — | o007 | asas | 1065-r170| sre-6x2] ar | wo | sea | zen | 134 | zea sesso | cess] F | aos7 | 2ees | 065-1170 | s7-00] 37 | 42 | ied | ce | — | — avaseo | atsso | F | 0085 | 2695 | 065-1165 | s7e-6r0] <1 | tse | saa | aie | tae | en osteo | sta | F | 0006 | asco | 85-1105] sa5-e40] ss | 138 | ase | zar | tas | 263 oszen | sa00 | 12 | ose | asro | exo-r120| 40-608] 21 | 99 | tar | car | tea | 206 sossso | 5350 |F | oes | asas | oz0-r165| sce-ez0| 23 | ve | iar | aes | 1a | as soroso | 7050] 15 | oxtco | 2770 |+i05-ti80| s9s-c00| 25 | vos | asx | zoe | isa | asz sonora | 7070/15 | ooo | 2770 | 085-1165| ses-con| 25 | sos | sa2 | aaa | saa | ase. | ar00 | 2770 | soas-1165|ses-co0] — | — | as | one | ta | oso sorieo | 7109/15 J oce | 2820 | v106-r105| sores | 25 | toe | sos | ons | sae | aoa soriz0 | rizo| ts | oot | 200 | 1195-1200] 1s-040| a5 | 199 | sar | 247 | ag | anol soriaa| r1a0 | 18 | orce| esto |rio0-r100] 03-000] 90 | 121 | asa | oust | seat | apatt 1. The Appoimate Melting Range data shown a practcl parame of heady net conde vakes, Neral andeeman composition and process vations can cause devas or he valves ven, 2, hi cas saps al oor somples cot rean sand mele 8. For i ast aly, data val or tomperatr range of 68-282 °F (20-200 °C). 1 caumate vais.SAE 452 Revised DEC2003, ‘TABLE 5 -MECHANICAL PROPERTY LIMITS OF SAE SAND CASTING ALLOYS"? ] win. ies tin. tensile | Strength ae cena Strongth_| (02% 01660 | crongation | Harsness™ ‘UNS [ANSI | Temper | ksi_| tra | ist | MPa | soitinin4D | (600K) Aaeoro| 2010 | Te woo | ais | 500 | a6 | 50 1s 7 wo} as | soo | as | ao | ists reao00| 2060 | Te ao | 275 | 20 | 5 | 80 = sezoeo| 2000 | iso | 120 | 120 | a 15 a0 135 ao |u| — | — - 7 nozz20| 2220 | 0 zo | wo] — | — = = Tei mo | ae | — | — = | s00-100 nooo] 2120 | 0 zo| iw | — | = 7 ton | 290 | 2m | — | — = = te seo | 200 | 200 | 10 7 0-120 ™ aso | 105 | 130 | 0 10 = ozeso| 2050 | 1 x0 | m0 | 120 | so 60 sn 16 zo | 20 | 200| wo | 30 0-30 vee sso | 20 | ze0 | 195 iS 0-110 7 20 | x0 | wo | 10 | 30 55-85 roman] 3190 | F zo | 1 | 30 | 9 1s 55-85 15 zo | wo | — | — = fi 16 aio | a | 20 | wo | ts oes sem] e160 | 75 asa | 0 | — | — i = 6 seo | 2209 | ox | ras) | 00 | zo-sane® soneen| aaao | F aso | 70 | 120 | 95 10 479 7% ao | 2 | 210 | ws | 10 5-06 rossso| 550 | 151 x0 | wo | wo | 125 = 0-60 16 zo | zo | 20 | wo | 20 5-85 7 aso | ao | — | — = 7 mm so | as | zo | 150 = oso soasso| cass | Ts aso | 20 | 20 | 10 | 2s = te | saa| 25001 | ann | 205% | 1.0% | 70-108 ncsse0| ss60 | F 180 | 0 | — | — 20 40-70 1 zs0 | v0 | 160 | 10 7 4535 16 wo | as | 200 | wo | 30 55-85 7 aio | 215 | 280 | 200 = 0-20 m™ zo | wm | wo] | 30 2575 asaseo| saseo | Te 40 | 2 | 200 | 15 | 35 55-85 w 208 | zoo | 908 | 20st] = = | ano | 190 | 190 | sao | aot - soasro| asro |e | — | — | — | = EB aros0| as70 | ret0 -|-|-|- - = necseo] 600 [rao | — | — | — | — a = ‘000 | ao200 | ze0| 120% | 200° | se | — | agers" ® zea | 100° | 25001 | reo | — | as-t10 % 400 | 2750) | coo | 276 | — | rasetsom™ u 019 | asd! | eof | 250 | — | raa-ts0" saaeoo) secao | F va | 15 | co | ao so | 25s ae‘SAE J452 Revised DEC2003 ‘TABLE S—MECHANICAL PROPERTY LIMITS OF SAE SAND CASTING ALLOYS(") (CONTINUED) wi. tenate | ‘Strength ee — Srengt _| (02% 01881) | elongation | Hardness ‘uns | anst | Temper [ret | mPa | ast | wre | seminina0 | (6009) or Treo | vase | zo] som] ao | ase postea) suo | F mo | 0 | 90 | 6 oo 35-65 ‘useo0] 5200 | te 20 | mo | zo] 10 | 20 0-00 foss0) 5050 | ao | x0 | eo | 125 20 20 o7es0| 7050 | 15 woo | ms | ro | 15 50 0-90 ‘era70| 7070 | TS sao | 2m | 220 | 150 20 0-00 v azo | 255 | 900 | 205 19 65-95 sarioo| 7100 | 15 zo | 20 | 200 | 140 20 50-20 sor0| reo | 1 ato | 205 | 250 | 170 40 60-90 sarva| rao | 15, s2o | 20 | zo | 0 30 60-00 1. Vals epessnt ropes obtained om 0.500 in lela separtey cat Wi Dare = Sepciedin hg, Gof ASTAF 557, eas in youn sand moles, and sted inaccordance wth the proceaues of ASTIAB 55. Fords vues ar gvon for iformation ony ot equre fr aoceptan, Prokminay vabe ochania properties or tese ily se dependent on casting process anc heat et proce thre et or nal eating rqaramenis. These afoys have general boon usd i pe ‘um quality appaon, an prooess ecresques have nol been sadardzad. Const Tigual ound fr snpteale propery ent.SAE J452 Revised DEC2003, TABLE 6-MECHANICAL PROPERTY LIMITS OF SAE PERMANENT MOLD CASTING ALLOYS" tan vid | tin, tenaie | Surat oaeae Elongation oy ‘Shangin” | (Qarvomsen_| tongwtion | | Ey ‘uns | ANst wet | wea [tai | wea | sina | (co0Km) pozo10| 2010 | 7 ao | as | soo | os | so | mete v goo | ais | soo | a5 | 30 | sts ‘ncoceo| 2060 | 74 | ano | 27am | 240% | r60t | 90% a ‘nazoe0) 2080 | 16 ao | 200 | 50 | 15 | 45 00-90 co sso | 2a | 220 | 150 | 20 75-105, v mo | 20 | 10 | 10) 30 6595 nooo) 2za0 |r: | sco | oo | — | — | — | toto res | ao | as | — | — | — | 2e08 nooeza| 2420 | 0 once Jie | — | - | - a wn | xo | as | - | - | = 90-120 131 wo|as|—|-| — 05-125, nozse0| 226.0 | 14 sso | 20 | sso | ws) 45 0.90 6 aso | 20 | — | — | 20 | 72105 7 go | 20 | wo | no | 30 e505 neorso| sia0 | F mo | 15 | 60 | 98 | 5 | 70-100 16 so | 2s | — | — | 20 75-105 yor | ao | as | mo | es | to 0-10 saste0| asia | F zoo | 200% | 50 | 105 | 10) g0-1108 re | a6a| 2509] — | — | 10% | sa-ta0e soeazo| 3920 | 15 aio | as | — | — | — 0-129 rosea) soo | F wo lw) —-|—) — 55-100 6 wo | as | — | —| - 70-105 16 wo | aol — | -—| - ans: v no jas) —|-—| — 75-105 posoea)| sooo [test | xo fas | — | - | - 0-120 yes | oo | as | — | —| - | ro poeeo| soo | ter | xo | as | — | — | = = possta) 3540 | Tet aso | sv | 70 | 2% | a0 = osseo| asso | 7st | azo | ws | — | — | — e-20 w xo | as) — | - | 1 75-105, ye |aolam|—|—-| — 0-120 u go | ao | — | -| —- 70-100 mm seo | 2s | zo | ws) — 65-06 asesco) cass. | Tet woo | 25 | soo | 205 | 20 7105 soosea| sano | F ao || — | —| 30 40-70 Tt zo |m)—|-| — 5535 % sso | 2m | 220 | 10 | 30 0585 v zo | im | — | —| 30 60-90 ™ zo | 1m | — | — | 30 50-90 ‘msseo| asceo | 76 | sao | aso | 200% | 150%] so | 95-55 rer | ava | 255 | 260 | 0 | 50 10-100 possra) asro | 76 sso | 310 | — | — | 30 | 75105 ‘arsero| aas7o | Ter | «50 | sx | a0 | 250 | 20 cad ‘acasoo| 3500 | 151 wso_| so | wo | zs | 40 75105, “18‘SAE J452 Revised DEC2003 ‘TABLE 6—MECHANICAL PROPERTY LIMITS OF SAE PERMANENT MOLD CASTING ALLOYS (CONTINUED) ‘un. Viws Min. Tensile | Strength te cata | elongation | Brine! al |_Suengin_| (0z%ofteet) | "tan | Hardnese®® tsi [wpa | tet | mPa | inao | (500%) F 230 | 200 | @90 | 200 | — | os1z5 ts | aaa | 200 | ana | zoom | — | ae-tesi® te | aso | e10% | asc | so | — | aso-te0e v 2.0 | 20 | 360 | 260) — — — | s05-1959 souso| Buse | & aio | us] eo | 4 | 25 20-40 ‘omoso| 7050 | 15 go | as | 0] ns | to | ses sovoro| ora | Ts 0 | 20 | 20 | 10 | 40 e190 v 450 | 210 | a0 | 20 | 30 20-10 sora] ris0 | 15 zo | zo | zo | 0 | 40 50-29 1. Yatus represent popes obisned tam 0.50 coer seperately ot es bara at epicied in Fig. Bot ASTM B 657, ett inion permanent moi, and feted in accordance ‘eth he procodues of STB S97 aranst vats ar given frinfermaton ony na requted for aesoptanea. Preliminary value ‘TABLE 7—TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SAE DIE CASTING ALLOYS! Yi Srenath toy _|tenste stensth | (02% oe | esseston wns [ans [ xt | ura | ot | wee | toa ‘a9e06| S600 | aaa | amo | aso | 170 | 25 sraeco| aso | 469 ws | as soseco| 3600 | sao zo | wo | 25 frseoo) g600 x5 | aso | wo | as aoaeo| aso | «50 zo | um | as nosso] seco | «ao | aio | 240 | 5 | 25. soseo] e009 | uo | 205 | 50 | 20 | 10 arswo| avo | «0 | as | aso | a0 | — roso] 4130 | ao | 205 | ato | us | 25 naao] asa | ao | 20 | 190 | wo | as uaa] Gute | a0 | 0 | feo | os | a0 “., Rist be ere undesoog ale aaov vas wre Shinn tom fe tet peanens cepted Fig 3 of AASTIMB 57, cst a late, ad teva seeorng tha frocedtes ct ASTM 57. Specimens ct tem come! Sloean pane pou note congareaio he sone aia ‘The properties obtained from test specimens machined from castings wil vary, depending upon the location from which the bar is taken, Specimens taken from thin sections may have properties higher than those of ‘separately cast test bars, while specimens taken from heavy sections or from locations near gates oF risers may show lower properties. These relations are not peculiar to aluminum alloy castings but are the same in the ‘castings of other metals. In general, when tes! bars machined fram a casting are used as the basis for accepiance or rejection, the mechanical propertis of these test bars cut from the castings shall be agreed Upon between the purchaser and supplier.14 DEC2003 Tho separa eas est specimen carves as contro of the motal quality, and ip the cas of Neal Ue oe aera cas a cool ofthe heal eaimet process, nonce such tet bars mus be hea! weasel wt rao eree ay ropresent. Factors of saloly Usain design caver the variations of commercial castings fom the properties epocied forthe ally which are based on tects of separaoly cast est specimons 2 Tempor Designation System—The tempor designation system used forcast aluminum alloys Pa) ore sare oeelgre raduce ie lompar. Tere are tes maja designations for aluminum castings: FO, and T ‘These are defined as follows: FAs CastApples to castings as they are removed from the mold, with no subsequent thermal eaten 10 ‘enhance or aller properties. ornare ote te to castings that are thermaly treated to obtain complete siren roll. This Vaathert ous tne moet duct and most cimencionaly stale condition, utitis aso the weaknst and ses state of the alloy. the ato ay Tealed or Heat Treated-—Applies to castings that are thermally freated to produc, Seke crane nan Fer ao cast" The Tis abeays flowed by one of moro digs tna ure ete the tere eaten! used, in each case, the fis digt ar T gis he basic ypo of eaten! see, Winey Speci mont ofa basi iype is used, the modifications ofthe intial basi teetment aro ered a oer cometmes a third dig for example, TS is tho treatment for an alloy, TS1 would De @ rower seerticaton of the TS treatment. TS2 might be a second modtfication, ete “The subeivsions oT temper othe basic types of hoat treatment used on castings and ther identification are listed and defined as follows: -+4--Soluion Heat Teated, Quenched, and Naturally Aged Casings—‘Typicaly, a solution heat, tenons eeeeten fang fa tomparature gomenfat below the meting temperature ofthe alloy for an exineet care time, This allows depersion, soutonzing, or homogenizing ofthe ally 1 removs coverage ee areal in the “ae soldited”condtion of the acy inthis manner, subsequent Coote seardion ofthe consituentsprocucas an evenly diibuted hardening cy srenananiog oe This ar ston oF aging may occut vith heating to skghty eval tempat os aii aging o° ay ese aay at room temperature, This i called nalural aging. In some alloys, natwal aging Tenens © wh tie ong condion 3 to 14 days ater quenching from he sohton heat teatment femperatures. The aoa tration numbers for T4 usualy indicate variations in quenching media. on esinge Given an Artal Age Only—Applies to castings that have been cacied om Ne Fernie temperature and gion an arial ago without a prot saluion Neat Weatmant, Ths © oe rae mertes or dmonsonal stably or both, Alo, TS emperie used to avoid posse distortion cve {o solutionizing and quenching treatments. {eo Pont Treated, Quenchod, ané Then Ariicially Aged—This TS treatment of castings is 0 Improve mechanical properties, dimensional stbiliy, or both na rbat Treated, Quonched, and Thon Stabiized—Applies 10 castings wich are siabazad Bing condlion beyond tne point of maxima strength to provide contol of some special characteristic of aa roms ol the part a lomperatures highor than the Iowor T6 aging temperature “Table 8 for typical thermal treatments applied to aluminum casting aloys. NoTESpecia ming condtons between thermal weatments are otfen required obtain optimum rats: Sc tof natural aging al room temperature may be required ater soluion hes! woasrers gramme Peg or staniiing, Aco ator slon hea eaten rapid quenching is ofen ronced © arse the require mechanical properties. Time lapse of not mare than 10. beore ery into Ne Quenching medium is usually considered desirable.)SAE J452 Revised DEC2003 ‘TABLE 8—TYPICAL THERMAL TREATMENTS Alloy ‘Sand Castings Permanent Mod Castings Sottion Heat “rete Precptation Hest “Teatment Solution Heat Precipitation Heat “Treatment ‘Temperatre “Temperature “Temperature UNS o'r] #6 Horr [6°0 ‘e010 ‘nono ‘czn80 uzeeo 2010 360 399 540 3559) Te | ood | saver v ser) ™ 57 135 1 v7 o Tes ort a 12 | % 1 Tet a . Te 18 6 1 Tes 851 Te 181 Te 192 m7 . 761 0) | 548) 180 a9‘SAE 4452 Revised DEC2003, TABLE @—TYPICAL THERMAL TREATMENTS (CONTINUED) ae a ee comes | repacret | Somers | "ete nar [ase | [aoe uns | ANst “ao°F | -6°¢ | Howre | 40°F | 36°C | Hours saat aa Te ww | so| ae| se || we) S| <\ 3) 2| 5 (S| cu) | pal aae| 2 | 22] 23 |S |b foc] 5 | Se | S| ere) en Jar) 28 se [rae fe |e} nee eet 28 | oe |e | ere | a [een] | calerl alealen| «l= =|" let s| = 7, \ue) fo) S| ce lam]: = sae won| aoa \w | to|ee| =| = [| 8 voon| soo |n [wets 2/32 | at) en| wo [a | w] oe | m| s welt) | | |) Sy |e | man] sow |e | oe) om | | sexe! sa |e | 90 | a8 (| et tele le| of e | a )a|oulS/%| t|elale|s\z) : we leleleslsizl tlsisiaj ele) - joae| eo Ta fe eel =) =P ET EIE Le lets sae] oxo frm [oe be ee] lal ef o|=|-|ale| 2 wale ln |-\-\-)e}el slo|ilaleis\s & | ofan] S| S| oe] = f=] oe) |] oie (apa ed oda oe) de wre roo | Sale feet P=) | =o] 5 wooo) maa fe | =| = eel |e = |= |= deel 7 @uerain water a 130-212 °F (65-1000) exept 8 cod 1 Qeetane weaveat ne 000 610°C) port S80 F527 *C) epee oni xt mes Fer ampere for 12-24 bawoon ston and prodptaton Nal Westman 4 Use silt ane. 4 Use se Ty opis are an speci nc caring ato Meola es et arbres an reer waily area aah seated casing eerie ae cra far sh rmimum tween wan ad racotan Pest reatnets 5, Hol areom erent os 100c) lr coneeeatve of 0-20 ony, hen conn hi cus we 7, Quen wr 1 aya ows () hae TTS 225°F (1214 her 3, Ten Ares sree te sree man cola fa") er zm tan VEN. Ten (ture ctw 20°F 021°) ea coratyZ Ten) colo room fenparaue il adie he nance. Foie a Certs we cach spice rte caning ben. Pracptten ata anpuie s Terr way croatia ace spoiled cso mroperie. aa tts romergtatze er cet uo rcpt Nea Weamnet 20-‘SAE 1452 Revised DEC2003 Rationate—Not applicable. Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable. Application—The SAE Standards for aluminum casting aloys cover a wide range of castings for general and ‘special use, but do not include all he alloys in commercial use, Over the years, aluminum alloys have been identiied by many numbering systems as shown in Table 1. Presently, SAE is recommending the use of the UNS Numbering System fo idently these materials. The castings are made principally by ‘sand cast, permanent mold, or die cast methods: however, shell molding, investment casting, plaster casi, and other less common foundry methods may also be used. If the aloys listed do not have the desired characteristics, itis recommended that the manufacturers of aluminum castings be consulted. fence Section ASTM E23-Practice for Using Significant Digts in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications [ASTM E 34 —Test Mothad for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Aloys ASTM E 117—Method for Spectrographic Analysis of Pig Lead by the Point-to-Plane Technique ASTM B 557—Mothods of Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum anc Magnesium Alloy Products Developed by the SAE Cast Aluminum Committee