WEEK 1 (the neutral axis) is .

(Note: The uniform load

represents the weight of the beam.)
Stresses by axial forces (b) Find the maximum value of the concentrated load
if the maximum tensile stress cannot exceed 27 MPa and
Stresses by bending moments the maximum compressive stress is limited to 100 MPa.

(c) How far from A can load be positioned

Stresses by shear forces if the maximum tensile stress cannot exceed 27 MPa and
the maximum compressive stress is limited to 100 MPa?
5.5-8 During construction of a highway bridge,
the main
girders are cantilevered outward from one 5.6-7 A floor system in a small building consists of
wood
pier toward the planks supported by 50 mm (nominal width) joists
next (see figure). Each girder has a cantilever spaced at
length of distance s and measured from center to center (see
figure).
48 m and an I-shaped cross section with
The span length L of each joist is 3 m, the spacing s of
dimensions shown the
in the figure. The load on each girder (during joists is 400 mm, and the allowable bending stress in the
construction) wood is 8 MPa. The uniform floor load is 6 kN/m2,
which
is assumed to be 9.5 kN/m, which includes the includes an allowance for the weight of the floor system
weight itself.
of the girder. (a) Calculate the required section modulus S for the
joists, and then select a suitable joist size (surfaced
Determine the maximum bending stress in a lumber)
girder from Appendix F, assuming that each joist may be
due to this load. represented
as a simple beam carrying a uniform load.
(b) What is the maximum floor load that can be
applied to your final beam selection in part (a)?
5.5-16 Determine the maximum tensile stress σt and
maximum
compressive stress σc due to the load P acting on the
simple beam AB (see figure). 5.8-7 A laminated wood beam on simple supports
(a) (figure part a) is built up by gluing together four
boards (actual dimensions) to form a
solid beam in cross section, as
shown in the figure part b. The allowable shear stress in
(b) Find the value of d for which tensile and compressive the glued joints is 425 kPa, the allowable shear stress
stresses will be largest. What are these stresses? in the wood is 1.2 MPa, and the allowable bending stress
in the wood is 11.4 MPa.
(a) If the beam is 3.6 m long, what is the allowable
load P acting at the one-third point along the beam, as
5.8-3 Two wood beams, each of rectangular cross shown? (Include the effects of the beam’s own weight,
section assuming that the wood weighs 5.5 kN/m3.)
( , actual dimensions) are glued (b) Repeat part (a) if the beam is assembled by gluing
together to form a solid beam of dimensions together two boards and a
(see figure). The beam is simply supported 50 mm _ 100 mm board (see figure part c).
with a span of 2.5 m.
(a) What is the maximum moment Mmax that may 5.8-9 A wood beam AB on simple supports with span
be applied at the left support if the allowable shear stress length equal to 3 m is subjected to a uniform load of
in the glued joint is 1.4 MPa? (Include the effects of the intensity 2 kN/m acting along the entire length of the
beam’s own weight, assuming that the wood weighs beam, a concentrated load of magnitude 30 kN acting at
5.4 kN/m3.) a point 1 m from the right-hand support, and a moment
(b) Repeat part (a) if Mmax is based on allowable at A of 26 kN m (see figure). The allowable stresses
bending stress of 17.25 MPa. in bending and shear, respectively, are 15 MPa and
1.1 MPa.
5.5-17 A cantilever beam AB, loaded by a uniform load (a) From the table in Appendix F, select the lightest
and a concentrated load (see figure), is constructed of a beam that will support the loads (disregard the weight of
channel section. the beam).
(a) Find the maximum tensile stress σt and maximum (b) Taking into account the weight of the beam weight
compressive stress σc if the cross section has the density _ 5.4 kN/m3
dimensions , verify that the selected
indicated and the moment of inertia about the z axis beam is satisfactory, or if it is not, select a new beam.
5.8-10 A simply supported wood beam of rectangular 12.3-8 Determine the coordinates and of the centroid C
cross section and span length 1.2 m carries a of the area shown in the figure.
concentrated
load P at midspan in addition to its own weight
(see figure). The cross section has width 140 mm and
height 240 mm. The weight density of the wood is 12.4-8 A semicircular area of radius 150 mm has a
5.4 kN/m3. rectangular
Calculate the maximum permissible value of the load cutout of dimensions (see
P if (a) the allowable bending stress is 8.5 MPa, and (b) figure).
the Calculate the moments of inertia Ix and Iy with
allowable shear stress is 0.8 MPa. respect to the x and y axes. Also, calculate the
corresponding
radii of gyration rx and ry.
50 mm _ 100 mm
5.8-11 A square wood platform, 2.4 m _ 2.4 m in area,
rests on masonry walls (see figure). The deck of the
platform
is constructed of 50 mm nominal thickness tongue- 6.2-7 The cross section of a sandwich beam consisting
andgroove of
planks (actual thickness 47 mm; see Appendix F) aluminum alloy faces and a foam core is shown in the
supported on two 2.4-m long beams. The beams have figure. The width b of the beam is 200 mm, the thickness
100 mm _ 150 mm t
nominal dimensions (actual dimensions 97 mm _ 147 of the faces is 6 mm, and the height hc of the core is 140
mm mm
(total height h _ 152 mm). The moduli of e lasticity are
). 70 GPa for the aluminum faces and 80 MPa for the foam
The planks are designed to support a uniformly core. A bending moment acts about the
distributed z axis.
load w (kN/m2) acting over the entire top surface Determine the maximum stresses in the faces and the
of the platform. The allowable bending stress for the core using (a) the general theory for composite beams,
planks is 17 MPa and the allowable shear stress is and
0.7 MPa. When analyzing the planks, disregard their (b) the approximate theory for sandwich beams.
weights and assume that their reactions are uniformly
distributed 6.2-10 A simply supported composite beam 3 m long
over the top surfaces of the supporting beams. carries
(a) Determine the allowable platform load a uniformly distributed load of intensity
w1 (kN/m2) based upon the bending stress in the planks. (see figure). The beam is constructed of a wood member,
(b) Determine the allowable platform load 100 mm wide by 150 mm deep, reinforced on its lower
w2 (kN/m2) based upon the shear stress in the planks. side
(c) Which of the preceding values becomes the allowable by a steel plate 8 mm thick and 100 mm wide.
load wallow on the platform? (a) Find the maximum bending stresses σw and σs in
(Hints: Use care in constructing the loading diagram the wood and steel, respectively, due to the uniform load
for the planks, noting especially that the reactions are if
distributed the moduli of elasticity are for the wood
loads instead of concentrated loads. Also, note and for the steel.
that the maximum shear forces occur at the inside faces (b) Find the required thickness of the steel plate so
of that the steel plate and wood reach their allowable stress
the supporting beams.) values, and , simultaneously
w (kN/m2) under the maximum moment.

WEEK 2
6.4-2 A wood beam of rectangular cross section (see
Cross section properties figure) is simply supported on a span of length L. The
longitudinal
axis of the beam is horizontal, and the cross section
Composite beams is tilted at an angle . The load on the beam is a vertical
uniform
Inclined loading load of intensity q acting through the centroid C.
Determine the orientation of the neutral axis and
12.3-5 The cross section of a beam constructed of a calculate the maximum tensile stress σmax if ,
HE wide-flange section with a h_ 140 mm, L _ 1.75 m, α _ 22.5°, and q _ 7.5 kN/m.
cover plate welded to the top flange is shown in the b _ 80 mm
figure.
Determine the distance from the base of the beam to
the centroid C of the cross-sectional area.
yq 6.4-9 A cantilever beam of wide-flange cross section
600B 200 mm _ 20 mm and
length L supports an inclined load P at its free end (see 7.3-11 The stresses at a point along a beam supporting a
figure). sign (see figure) are , , and
Determine the orientation of the neutral axis and .
calculate (a) Find the principal stresses. Show them on a sketch
the maximum tensile stress σmax due to the load P. of a properly oriented element.
Data for the beam are as follows: HE section, (b) Find the maximum shear stresses and associated
, , and . (Note: See normal stresses. Show them on a sketch of a properly
Table E-1 of Appendix E for the dimensions and oriented
properties element.
of the beam.)

WEEK 4
WEEK 3 Plates loaded out of plane
Plane stress / principle stress Forces (zandheuvel experiment)
Mohr circle Deformations and bending moments
Spanningen zien (photo-elastisch)
7.2-3 The stresses acting on element A on the web of a
train rail (see figure part a) are found to be 45 MPa
tension
in the horizontal direction and 120 MPa compression in
the vertical direction (see figure part b). Also, shear
stresses with a magnitude of 25 MPa act in the directions
shown.
Determine the stresses acting on an element oriented
at a counterclockwise angle of from the horizontal.
Show these stresses on a sketch of an element oriented at
this angle.

7.2-5 The stresses acting on element B on the web of a

train rail (see figure part a of Prob. 7.2-3) are found to be
40 MPa in compression in the horizontal direction and
16 MPa in compression in the vertical direction (see
figure). Also, shear stresses of magnitude 17 MPa act in
the directions shown.
Determine the stresses acting on an element oriented
at a counterclockwise angle of 48 from the horizontal.
Show these stresses on a sketch of an element oriented at
this angle.

7.3-9 A shear wall in a reinforced concrete building is

subjected
to a vertical uniform load of intensity q and a horizontal
force H, as shown in the first part of the figure. (The
force H represents the effects of wind and earthquake
loads.) As a consequence of these loads, the stresses at
point A on the surface of the wall have the values shown
in
the second part of the figure (compressive stress equal to
8 MPa and shear stress equal to 3 MPa).
(a) Determine the principal stresses and show them on
a sketch of a properly oriented element.
(b) Determine the maximum shear stresses and
associated
normal stresses and show them on a sketch of a
properly oriented element.