A

PROJECT REPORT ON
“HOSTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM “

In partial fulfilment of the requirement of

Bachelor of Computer Application (BCA)
Year 2020-2021

Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra

University, Jalgaon

-Submitted by-
Mr. ATUL DAYARAM RATHOD

Under the guidance of

Prof. N. R. KATKAR
Rashtriya Sahakari Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's
Nanasaheb Yeshvantrao Narayanrao Chavan Arts, Science
and Commerce College Chalisgaon, Dist- Jalgaon
(Maharashtra)
 Rashtriya Sahakari Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's

Nanasaheb Yeshvantrao Narayanrao Chavan

Arts, Science and Commerce College
Chalisgaon, Dist- Jalgaon (Maharashtra)

Date: / /2021 CERTIFICATE

This is to certified that Mr. Atul Dayaram Rathod, A student of TYBCA has
successfully completed the project work entitled

“Hostel Management System”

As a partial fulfilment of the above course as per the requirements
of Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra
University, Jalgaon.
I hereby certify that, he has satisfactorily completed his project work.

Place :- Chalisgaon.

Prof. N. R. KATKAR
Guide HOD

Internal Examiner External Examine

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We take this occasion to thank God, almighty for blessing us with his grace and taking

our endeavor to a successful culmination. We extend our sincere and heart felt thanks to our

esteemed guide, Mr. XYZ for providing us with the right guidance and advice at the crucial

junctures and for showing us the right way. We extend our sincere thanks to our respected head

of the division Mr. XYZ, for allowing us to use the facilities available. We would like to thank

the other faculty members also, at this occasion. Last but not the least, we would like to thank

friends for the support and encouragement they have given us during the course of our work.
 ABSTRACT

As the name specifies ―HOSTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM‖ is a software developed for

managing various activities in the hostel. For the past few years the number of educational institutions

are increasing rapidly. Thereby the number of hostels are also increasing for the accom-modation of the

students studying in this institution. And hence there is a lot of strain on the person who are running the

hostel and software‘s are not usually used in this context. This particular project deals with the

problems on managing a hostel and avoids the problems which occur when carried manually.

Identification of the drawbacks of the existing system leads to the designing of computerized

system that will be compatible to the existing system with the system Which is more user friendly and

more GUI oriented. We can improve the efficiency of the system, thus overcome the drawbacks of the

existing system.

· Less human error

· Strength and strain of manual labour can be reduced

·High security

· Data redundancy can be avoided to some extent

· Data consistency

· Easy to handle

· Easy data updating

· Easy record keeping

· Backup data can be easily generated

 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Problem definition

We have got nine hostels in our university, which consist of four boy‘s hostel and five girl‘s

hostel. All these hostels at present are managed manually by the hostel office. The Registration form

verification to the different data processing are done manually.

Thus there are a lot of repetitions which can be easily avoided. And hence there is a lot of strain

on the person who are running the hostel and software‘s are not usually used in this context. This

particular project deals with the problems on managing a hostel and avoids the problems which occur

when carried manually

Identification of the drawbacks of the existing system leads to the designing of computerized

system that will be compatible to the existing system with the system which is more user friendly and

more GUI oriented. We can improve the efficiency of the system, thus overcome the drawbacks of the

existing system.

1.Admin Panel
1.Admin Login

Admin can login through login form.

2. Admin Profile
Admin can manage his own profile. Admin can also change his password

3.Courses
Admin can create add course, edit courses and also delete the course

4. Rooms
Admin can create rooms and allots seater to particular rooms and assign the fees.

5. Registration
Admin can create student profile and allot the rooms

6. Manage the Registration

Admin can manage the all the student Profile. Take a print out of all profiles and also delete the profile.

7. Forgot Password
Admin can also retrieve the password if admin forgot the password.

User Panel
1. User Registration---- User can register through user registration form
2. User Login-- User can login through login form
3. Forgot Password—user can retrieve password through forgot password link
4. User Dashboard
5. User Profile—User can manage own profile
6. Book Hostel – User can book hostel
7. Room Details- Booked Room Details
8. Change Password- User Can change own password
9. User access log- User can watch last login details
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SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT

2.1 Hardware Configuration

1. Pentium IV Processor

2. 512 MB RAM

3. 40GB HDD

4. 1024 * 768 Resolution Color Monitor

Note: This is not the “System Requirements”.

2.2 Software Configuration

1. OS : Windows XP

2.PHP Triad (PHP5.6, MySQL, Apache, and PHPMyAdmin)

2.3 Software Features

2.3.1 PHP TRIAD

PHPTriad installs a complete working PHP/MySQL server environment on Windows platforms

(9x/ NT). Installs PHP, MySQL, Apache, and PHPMyAdmin.

2.3.1.1 PHP

PHP is a scripting language originally designed for producing dynamic web pages. It has evolved to

include a command line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical applications. While PHP was

originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995, the main implementation of PHP is now produced by The PHP

Group and serves as the de facto standard for PHP as there is no formal specification. PHP is free software

released under the PHP License, however it is incompatible with the GNU General Public License
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(GPL), due to restrictions on the usage of the term PHP. It is a widely-used general-purpose scripting

language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. It generally

runs on a web server, taking PHP code as its input and creating web pages as output. It can be deployed

on most web servers and on almost every operating system and platform free of charge. PHP is installed

on more than 20 million websites and 1 million web servers.

On May 22, 2000, PHP 4, powered by the Zend Engine 1.0, was released. On July 13, 2004, PHP 5

was released, powered by the new Zend Engine II. PHP 5 included new features such as improved support

for object-oriented programming, the PHP Data Objects extension (which defines a lightweight and

consistent interface for accessing databases), and numerous performance enhancements. The most recent

update released by The PHP Group is for the older PHP version 4 code branch.

In 2008, PHP 5 became the only stable version under development. Late static binding has been

missing from PHP and will be added in version 5.3. PHP 6 is under development alongside PHP 5.

Major changes include the removal of register_globals, magic quotes, and safe mode. The reason for the

removals was because register_globals had given way to security holes, and magic quotes had an

unpredictable nature, and was best avoided. Instead, to escape characters, Magic quotes may be

substituted with the addslashes() function, or more appropriately an escape mechanism specific to the

database vendor itself like mysql_real_escape_string() for MySQL.

Usage

PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development. PHP

generally runs on a web server, taking PHP code as its input and creating web pages as output. It can

also be used for command-line scripting and client-side GUI applications. PHP can be deployed on most

web servers, many operating systems and platforms, and can be used with many relational database

management systems. It is available free of charge, and the PHP Group provides the complete source

code for users to build, customize and extend for their own use.
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languages that provide dynamic content from a web server to a client, such as Microsoft‘s Active

Server Pages, Sun Microsystems‘ JavaServer Pages, and mod_perl. PHP has also attracted the

development of many frameworks that provide building blocks and a design structure to promote rapid

application develo-pment (RAD). Some of these include CakePHP, Symfony, CodeIgniter, and Zend

Framework, offering features similar to other web application frameworks.

The LAMP architecture has become popular in the web industry as a way of deploying web

applic-ations. PHP is commonly used as the P in this bundle alongside Linux, Apache and MySQL,

although the P may also refer to Python or Perl.

As of April 2007, over 20 million Internet domains were hosted on servers with PHP installed, and PHP

was recorded as the most popular Apache module. Significant websites are written in PHP including the user-

facing portion of Facebook, Wikipedia (MediaWiki), Yahoo!, MyYearbook, , Digg, Wordpress and Tagged. In

addition to server-side scripting, PHP can be used to create stand-alone, compiled applications and libraries, it can

be used for shell scripting, and the PHP binaries can be called from the command line.

2.3.1.1.1 Speed optimization

As with many scripting languages, PHP scripts are normally kept as human-readable source code, even

on production web servers. In this case, PHP scripts will be compiled at runtime by the PHP engine, which

increases their execution time. PHP scripts are able to be compiled before runtime using PHP compilers as

with other programming languages such as C (the language PHP and its extensions are written in). Code

optimizers aim to reduce the computational complexity of the compiled code by reducing its size and making

other changes that can reduce the execution time with the overall goal of improving performance. The nature

of the PHP compiler is such that there are often opportunities for code optimization, and an example of a

code optimizer is the Zend Optimizer PHP extension.

Another approach for reducing overhead for high load PHP servers is using PHP accelerators.

These can offer significant performance gains by caching the compiled form of a PHP script in shared

memory to avoid the overhead of parsing and compiling the code every time the script runs.
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2.3.1.1.2 Security

The National Vulnerability Database stores all vulnerabities found in computer software. The

overall proportion of PHP-related vulnerabilities on the database amounted to: 12% in 2003, 20% in

2004, 28% in 2005, 43% in 2006, 36% in 2007, and 35% in 2008. Most of these PHP-related

vulnerabilities can be exploited remotely: they allow hackers to steal or destroy data from data sources

linked to the webserver (such as an SQL database), send spam or contribute to DOS attacks using

malware, which itself can be installed on the vulnerable servers.

These vulnerabilities are caused mostly by not following best practice programming rules: technical

security flaws of the language itself or of its core libraries are not frequent. Recognizing that programmers

cannot be trusted, some languages include taint checking to detect automatically the lack of input validation

which induces many issues. However, such a feature is being developed for PHP

Hosting PHP applications on a server requires a careful and constant attention to deal with these

security risks. There are advanced protection patches such as Suhosin and Hardening-Patch, especially

designed for web hosting environments. Installing PHP as a CGI binary rather than as an Apache

module is the preferred method for added security. With respect to securing the code itself, PHP code

can be obfuscated to make it difficult to read while remaining functional.

2.3.1.1.3 Syntax

<html>
<head>

<title>PHP Test </title>

</head>

<body>

<?php echo “<p> Hello World </p>”; ?>

</body></html>

Note : - Code in bold letters shows the PHP code embedded within HTML
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PHP only parses code within its delimiters. Anything outside its delimiters is sent directly to the output

and is not parsed by PHP. The most common delimiters are <?php and ?>, which are open and close delimiters

respectively. <script language=‖php‖> and </script> delimiters are also available. Short tags can be used to start

PHP code, <? or <?= (which is used to echo back a string or variable) and the tag to end PHP code, ?>. These tags

are commonly used, but like ASP-style tags (<% or <%= and %>), they are less portable as they can be disabled

in the PHP configuration. For this reason, the use of short tags and ASP-style tags is discouraged. The purpose of

these delimiters is to separate PHP code from non-PHP code, including HTML.

Variables are prefixed with a dollar symbol and a type does not need to be specified in advance. Unlike

function and class names, variable names are case sensitive. Both double-quoted (―‖) and heredoc strings allow the

ability to embed a variable‘s value into the string. PHP treats newlines as whitespace in the manner of a free-form

language (except when inside string quotes), and statements are terminated by a semicolon. PHP has three types of

comment syntax: /* */ serves as block comments, and // as well as # are used for inline comments. The echo statement

is one of several facilities PHP provides to output text (e.g. to a web browser).

In terms of keywords and language syntax, PHP is similar to most high level languages that

follow the C style syntax. If conditions, for and while loops, and function returns are similar in syntax to

languages such as C, C++, Java and Perl.

2.3.1.1.4 Data types

PHP stores whole numbers in a platform-dependent range. This range is typically that of 32-bit

signed integers. Unsigned integers are converted to signed values in certain situations; this behavior is

different from other programming languages. Integer variables can be assigned using decimal (positive

and negative), octal, and hexadecimal notations. Floating point numbers are also stored in a platform-

specific range. They can be specified using floating point notation, or two forms of scientific notation.

PHP has a native Boolean type that is similar to the native Boolean types in Java and C++. Using the

Boolean type conversion rules, non-zero values are interpreted as true and zero as false, as in Perl and

C++. The null data type represents a variable that has no value.
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The only value in the null data type is NULL. Variables of the ―resource‖ type represent references to

resources from external sources. These are typically created by functions from a particular extension, and can

only be processed by functions from the same extension; examples include file, image, and database

resources. Arrays can contain elements of any type that PHP can handle, including resources, objects, and

even other arrays. Order is preserved in lists of values and in hashes with both keys and values, and the two

can be intermingled. PHP also supports strings, which can be used with single quotes, double quotes, or

heredoc syntax. The Standard PHP Library (SPL) attempts to solve standard problems and implements

efficient data access interfaces and classes.

2.3.1.1.5 Functions

PHP has hundreds of base functions and thousands more from extensions. These functions are well

documented on the PHP site, but unfortunately, the built-in library has a wide variety of naming

conventions and inconsistencies. PHP currently has no functions for thread programming.

Version 5.2 and earlier

Functions are not first-class functions and can only be referenced by their name—directly or dynamically

by a variable containing the name of the function. User-defined functions can be created at any time without being

prototyped. Functions can be defined inside code blocks, permitting a run-time decision as to whether or not a

function should be defined. Function calls must use parentheses, with the exception of zero argument class

constructor functions called with the PHP new operator, where parentheses are optional. PHP supports quasi-

anonymous functions through the create_function() function, although they are not true anonymous functions

because anonymous functions are nameless, but functions can only be referenced by name, or indirectly through a

variable $function_name();, in PHP.

Version 5.3 and newer

PHP gained support for first-class functions and closures. True anonymous functions are supported

function getAdder($x) using the following syntax :

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function getAdder($x)
{
return function ($y) use ($x) {
return $x + $y;
};
}
$adder = getAdder(8);
echo $adder(2); // prints “10”

Here, getAdder() function creates a closure using parameter $x (keyword ―use‖ forces getting variable from

context), which takes additional argument $y and returns it to the caller. Such a function can be stored, given as the

parameter to another functions, etc. For more details see Lambda functions and closures RFC.

2.3.1.1.6 Objects

Basic object-oriented programming functionality was added in PHP 3. Object handling was

completely rewritten for PHP 5, expanding the feature set and enhancing performance. In previous versions

of PHP, objects were handled like primitive types. The drawback of this method was that the whole object

was copied when a variable was assigned or passed as a parameter to a method. In the new approach, objects

are referenced by handle, and not by value. PHP 5 introduced private and protected member variables and

methods, along with abstract classes and final classes as well as abstract methods and final methods. It also

introduced a standard way of declaring constructors and destructors, similar to that of other object-oriented

languages such as C++, and a standard exception handling model.

Furthermore, PHP 5 added interfaces and allowed for multiple interfaces to be implemented. There

are special interfaces that allow objects to interact with the runtime system. Objects implementing

ArrayAccess can be used with array syntax and objects implementing Iterator or IteratorAggregate can

be used with the foreach language construct. There is no virtual table feature in the engine, so static

variables are bound with a name instead of a reference at compile time.

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If the developer creates a copy of an object using the reserved word clone, the Zend engine will

check if a __clone() method has been defined or not. If not, it will call a default __clone() which will

copy the object‘s properties. If a __clone() method is defined, then it will be responsible for setting the

necessary properties in the created object. For convenience, the engine will supply a function that

imports the properties of the source object, so that the programmer can start with a by-value replica of

the source object and only override properties that need to be changed.

2.3.1.1.7 Resources

PHP includes free and open source libraries with the core build. PHP is a fundamentally Internet-aware system

with modules built in for accessing FTP servers, many database servers, embedded SQL libraries such as embedded

PostgreSQL, MySQL and SQLite, LDAP servers, and others. Many functions familiar to C programmers such as those

in the stdio family are available in the standard PHP build. PHP has traditionally used features such as

―magic_quotes_gpc‖ and ―magic_quotes_runtime‖ which attempt to escape apostrophes

(‗) and quotes (―) in strings in the assumption that they will be used in databases, to prevent SQL injection

attacks. This leads to confusion over which data is escaped and which is not, and to problems when data is

not in fact used as input to a database and when the escaping used is not completely correct. To make code

portable between servers which do and do not use magic quotes, developers can preface their code with a

script to reverse the effect of magic quotes when it is applied.

PHP allows developers to write extensions in C to add functionality to the PHP language. These can then

be compiled into PHP or loaded dynamically at runtime. Extensions have been written to add support for the

Windows API, process management on Unix-like operating systems, multibyte strings (Unicode), cURL, and

several popular compression formats. Some more unusual features include integration with Internet Relay Chat,

dynamic generation of images and Adobe Flash content, and even speech synthesis. The PHP Extension

Community Library (PECL) project is a repository for extensions to the PHP language. Zend provides a

certification exam for programmers to become certified PHP developers.

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2.3.1.2 MY SQL

What is a database? Quite simply, it‘s an organized collection of data. A database management

system (DBMS) such as Access, FileMaker Pro, Oracle or SQL Server provides you with the software

tools you need to organize that data in a flexible manner. It includes facilities to add, modify or delete

data from the database, ask questions (or queries) about the data stored in the database and produce

reports summarizing selected contents.

MySQL is a multithreaded,multi-user SQL database management system(DBMS). The basic

program runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases.Originally financed in a

similar fashion to the JBoss model, MySQL was owned and sponsored by a single for-profit firm, the

Swedish company MySQLAB now a subsidiary of Sun Microsystem , which holds the copyright to most

of the codebase. The project‘s source code is available under terms of the GNU General Public Licence,

as well as under a variety of proprietory agreements.

MySQL is a database.The data in MySQL is stored in database objects called tables.A table is a

collections of related data entries and it consists of columns and rows.Databases are useful when storing

information categorically. A company may have a database with the following tables: ―Employees‖,

―Products‖, ―Customers‖ and ―Orders‖.

2.3.1.2.1 Database Tables

A database most often contains one or more tables. Each table is identified by a name (e.g.

―Customers‖ or ―Orders‖). Tables contain records (rows) with data.

2.3.1.2.2 Queries

A query is a question or a request.With MySQL, we can query a database for specific information

and have a recordset returned.

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2.3.1.2.2.1 Create a connection to a database

Before you can access data in a database, you must create a connection to the database.In PHP,

this is done with the mysqli_connect() function.

Syntax

Example

In the following example we store the connection in a variable ($con) for later use in the script.

The ―die‖ part will be executed if the connection fails:

2.3.1.2.2.2 Closing a Connection

The connection will be closed automatically when the script ends. To close the connection
before, use the mysql_close() function:
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2.3.1.2.2.3 Create a Database

The CREATE DATABASE statement is used to create a database in MySQL.

Syntax

CREATE DATABASE database_name

To get PHP to execute the statement above we must use the mysql_query() function. This function is

used to send a query or command to a MySQL connection.

2.3.1.2.2.4 Create a Table

The CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table in MySQL

Syntax

CREATE TABLE table_name

(
column_name1 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
column_name3 data_type,
....

)
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2.3.1.2.3 MySQL Functions

mysql_affected_rows — Get number of affected rows in previous MySQL operation

mysql_change_user — Change logged in user of the active connection

mysql_client_encoding — Returns the name of the character set

mysql_close — Close MySQL connection mysql_connect —

Open a connection to a MySQL Server mysql_create_db —

Create a MySQL database mysql_data_seek — Move internal

result pointer mysql_db_name — Get result data

mysql_db_query — Send a MySQL query mysql_drop_db —

Drop (delete) a MySQL database

mysql_errno — Returns the numerical value of the error message from previous MySQL operation

mysql_error — Returns the text of the error message from previous MySQL operation

mysql_escape_string — Escapes a string for use in a mysql_query

mysql_fetch_array — Fetch a result row as an associative array, a numeric array, or both

mysql_fetch_assoc — Fetch a result row as an associative array

mysql_fetch_field — Get column information from a result and return as an object

mysql_fetch_lengths — Get the length of each output in a result mysql_fetch_object

— Fetch a result row as an object

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wsmysql_num_rows — Get number of rows in result mysql_pconnect —

Open a persistent connection to a MySQL server

mysql_ping — Ping a server connection or reconnect if there is no

connection mysql_query — Send a MySQL query

mysql_result — Get result data mysql_select_db —

Select a MySQL database mysql_set_charset —

Sets the client character set mysql_stat — Get

current system status mysql_tablename — Get table

name of field mysql_thread_id — Return the current

thread ID

mysql_unbuffered_query — Send an SQL query to MySQL, without fetching and buffering the

result (See Appendix 2 for more My_SQL Functions.)

2.3.1.3 Macromedia Dreamweaver 8

Is a professional HTML editor for designing, coding, and developing websites, web pages, and web

applications. Whether you enjoy the control of hand-coding HTML or prefer to work in a visual editing

environment, Dreamweaver provides you with helpful tools to enhance your web creation experience.

The visual editing features in Dreamweaver let you quickly create pages without writing a line

of code. You can view all your site elements or assets and drag them from an easy-to-use panel directly

into a document. You can streamline your development workflow by creating and editing images in

Macromedia Fireworks or another graphics application, then importing them directly into

Dreamweaver, or by adding Macromedia Flash objects.

17
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Dreamweaver also provides a full-featured coding environment that includes code-editing tools (such as

code coloring and tag completion) and language reference material on Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), JavaScript,

and ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML), among others. Macromedia Roundtrip HTML technology imports

your hand-coded HTML documents without reformatting the code; you can then reformat code with your

preferred formatting style. Dreamweaver also enables you to build dynamic database-backed web applications

using server technologies such as CFML, ASP.NET, ASP, JSP, and PHP.

2.3.1.3.1 Dreamweaver and accessibility

Accessibility refers to making websites and web products usable for people with visual, auditory,

motor, and other disabilities. Examples of accessibility features for software products and websites

include screen reader support, text equivalents for graphics, keyboard shortcuts, change of display

colors to high contrast, and so on. Dreamweaver provides tools that make the product accessible and

tools that help you author accessible content:

Using Dreamweaver accessibility features For Dreamweaver web designers who need to use

accessibility features, Dreamweaver offers screen reader support, keyboard navigation, and operating system

accessibility support.For more information, see Using Dreamweaver accessibility features.

Authoring for accessibility For Dreamweaver web designers who need to create accessible

content, Dreamweaver assists you in creating accessible pages that contain useful content for screen

readers and comply with government guidelines.

Dreamweaver provides dialog boxes that prompt you to enter accessibility attributes when you

insert page elements (see Optimizing the workspace for accessible page design).For example, the

accessibility dialog box for images reminds you to add text equivalents for graphics. Then, when the

image appears on a page for a user with visual disabilities, the screen reader reads the description.
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2.3.1.3.2 Laying Out Pages with CSS

In Macromedia Dreamweaver 8, you can use CSS styles to lay out your page. You can either insert div

tags manually and apply CSS positioning styles to them, or you can use Dreamweaver layers to create your

layout. A layer in Dreamweaver is an HTML page element—specifically, a div tag, or any other tag—that has an

absolute position assigned to it. Whether you use CSS, tables, or frames to lay out your pages, Dreamweaver has

rulers and grids for visual guidance in your layout. Dreamweaver also has a tracing image feature, which you can

use to re-create a page design that was created in a graphics application.

Client-side role of forms

Forms support the client side of the client-server relationship. When a visitor enters information

into a form displayed in a web browser (the client) and clicks the submit button, the information is sent

to the server where a server-side script or application processes it. Common server-side technologies

used for processing form data include Macromedia ColdFusion, Microsoft Active Server Pages (ASP),

and PHP. The server responds by sending requested information back to the user (or client), or

performing some action based on the form‘s contents.

( Note : - See Appendix 1 for more about Macromedia Dreamweaver 8 and phpMyAdmin)

2.3.1.4 phpMAdmin

phpMyAdmin is an open source tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of MySQL

over the World Wide Web. phpMyAdmin supports a wide range of operations with MySQL.Currently it can

create and drop databases, create/drop/alter tables, delete/edit/add fields, execute any SQL statement, manage

users and permissions, and manage keys on fields. while you still have the ability to directly execute any SQL

statement. phpMyAdmin can manage a whole MySQL server (needs a super-user) as well as a single database.

To accomplish the latter you‘ll need a properly set up MySQL user who can read/write only the desired database.

It‘s up to you to look up the appropriate part in the MySQL manual.

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phpMyAdmin can:

· browse and drop databases, tables, views, fields and indexes

· create, copy, drop, rename and alter databases, tables, fields and indexes

· maintenance server, databases and tables, with proposals on server configuration

· execute, edit and bookmark any SQL-statement, even batch-queries

· load text files into tables

· create and read dumps of tables

· export data to various formats: CSV, XML, PDF, ISO/IEC 26300 - OpenDocument Text and
A
Spreadsheet, Word, Excel and L TEX formats

· administer multiple servers

· manage MySQL users and privileges

· check referential integrity in MyISAM tables

· using Query-by-example (QBE), create complex queries automatically connecting required tables

· create PDF graphics of your Database layout

· search globally in a database or a subset of it

· transform stored data into any format using a set of predefined functions, like displaying

BLOB-data as image or download-link

· support InnoDB tables and foreign keys

· support mysqli, the improved MySQL extension

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A word about users:

Many people have difficulty understanding the concept of user management with regards

to phpMyAdmin. When a user logs in to phpMyAdmin, that username and password are passed

directly to MySQL. phpMyAdmin does no account management on its own (other than allowing one to

manipulate the MySQL user account information); all users must be valid MySQL users.

1) phpMyAdmin can compress (Zip, GZip -RFC 1952- or Bzip2 formats) dumps and CSV exports if

you use PHP with Zlib support (—with-zlib) and/or Bzip2 support (—with-bz2). Proper support

may also need changes in php.ini.a phpMyAdmin screen appears as shown below.

2.3.1.4. 1 Requirements

o PHP

o You need PHP 5.2.0 or newer, with session support and the Standard PHP Library

(SPL) extension.

o To support uploading of ZIP files, you need the PHP zip extension.

o For proper support of multibyte strings (eg. UTF-8, which is currently default), you

should install mbstring and ctype extensions.

o You need GD2 support in PHP to display inline thumbnails of JPEGs (―image/jpeg:

inline‖) with their original aspect ratio

o When using the ―cookie‖ authentication method, the mcrypt extension is strongly

suggested for most users and is required for 64–bit machines. Not using mcrypt will

cause phpMyAdmin to load pages significantly slower.

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 2.3.1.5 Apache Web server

Often referred to as simply Apache, a public-domain open source Web server developed by a

loosely-knit group of programmers. The first version of Apache, based on the NCSA httpd Web server,

was developed in 1995.

Core development of the Apache Web server is performed by a group of about 20 volunteer

programmers, called the Apache Group. However, because the source code is freely available, anyone

can adapt the server for specific needs, and there is a large public library of Apache add-ons. In many

respects, development of Apache is similar to development of the Linux operating system.

The original version of Apache was written for UNIX, but there are now versions that run under

OS/ 2, Windows and other platforms. The name is a tribute to the Native American Apache Indian tribe,

a tribe well known for its endurance and skill in warfare. A common misunderstanding is that it was

called Apache because it was developed from existing NCSA code plus various patches, hence the name

a patchy server, or Apache server.

Apache consistently rates as the world‘s most popular Web server according to analyst surveys.

Apache has attracted so much interest because it is full-featured, reliable, and free. Originally developed

for UNIX™ operating systems, Apache has been updated to run on Windows, OS/2, and other

platforms. One aspect of Apache that some site administrators find confusing — especially those

unfamiliar with UNIX-style software — is its configuration scheme. Instead of using a point-and-click

graphic user interface (GUI) or Windows Registry keys as most other

Hostel Mangement System

Configuration Files

Apache uses a system of three text files for managing its configuration data. All three of these files (almost

always) appear in Apache‘s ./conf directory and are designed to be edited by system administrators:

1. httpd.conf for general settings

2. srm.conf for resource settings

3. access.conf for security settings

When Apache first starts, these files are processed in the order shown above. Originally, the initial

installation of Apache included default entries within each of the three files. In the most recent versions

of Apache, however, the default installation has changed. Now httpd.conf is treated as the ―master‖

configuration file and it contains all of the settings. Both srm.conf and access.conf still exist in the

installation, but they contain no settings and are empty except for some comments.

Inside Httpd.conf

Traditionaly httpd.conf contained general settings such as the ServerName and Port

number.These entries appear as follows in the file: ServerName compnetworking.about.com Port 80 The

term ―httpd‖ stands for HTTP Daemon. Recall that in a UNIX environment, the term daemon refers to a

type of process designed to launch at system boot and continue running for very long periods of time.

This file contains a number of other entries (technically called directives), but for most of

these,modifications are optional. Probably the most useful of these entries is ServerAdmin.

Access and Security Settings

It is recommended practice now for Apache administrators to manage their resource and security

settings from httpd.conf. Administrators of older versions of Apache can simply cut their entries from

srm.conf and access.conf and paste them into the master file. If an administrator wants to go one step

further and delete the two empty files, they should also place the following entries in httpd.conf to

prevent Apache from attempting to access them.

Hostel Mangement System

SYSTEM DESIGN
3.1 Input Design
The system design is divided in to two portions. The Administrator section and the User(student‘s)

section.

3.1.1 Administrator

1. The Administrator can allot different students to the different hostels.

2.He can vacate the students for the hostels.

3.He can control the status of the fee payement.

4.He can edit the details of the students.He can change their rooms, edit and delete the student records.

A process of converting user originated inputs to a computer-based format. Input design is an important

part of development process since inaccurate input data are the most common cause of errors in data processing.

Erroneous entries can be controlled by input design. It consists of developing specifications and procedures for

entering data into a system and must be in simple format. The goal of input data design is to make data entry as

easy, logical and free from errors as possible. In input data design, we design the source document that capture the

data and then select the media used to enter them into the computer.

There are two major approaches for entering data in to the computer. They are

· Menus.

· Dialog Boxes.

Menus

A menu is a selection list that simplifies computer data access or entry. Instead of remembering
what to enter, the user chooses from a list of options. A menu limits a user choice of response but reduce
the chances for error in data entry.
Hostel Mangement System

Dialog Box

Dialog boxes are windows and these windows are mainly popup, which appear in response to

certain conditions that occur when a program is run. It allows the display of bitmaps and pictures. It can

have various controls like buttons, text boxes, list boxes and combo boxes. Using these controls we can

make a ‗dialog‘ with the program.

The proposed system has three major inputs. They are Machine Registration, Machine Scheduling

and Request Form.

3.2 Process Design

Process design plays an important role in project development. In order to understand the

working procedure, process design is necessary. Data Flow Diagram and System Flow chart are the

tools used for process design.

System Flow Chart is a graphical representation of the system showing the overall flow of control

in processing at the job level; specifies what activities must be done to convert from a physical to logical

model.

Data Flow Diagram is the logical representation of the data flow of the project. The DFD is

drawn using various symbols. It has a source and a destination. The process is represented using circles

and source and destination are represented using squares. The data flow is represented using arrows.

One reader can easily get the idea about the project through Data Flow Diagram.
Use case Diagram

Data Flow Diagram

A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data

through an http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systemInformation System. A data flow
diagram can also be used for the visualization of Data Processing. It is common practice
for a designer to draw a context-level DFD first which shows the interaction between
the system and outside entities. This context-level DFD is then "exploded" to show
more detail of the system being modeled.

A DFD represents flow of data through a system. Data flow diagrams are
commonly used during problem analysis. It views a system as a function that transforms
the input into desired output. A DFD shows movement of data through the different
transformations or processes in the system.

Dataflow diagrams can be used to provide the end user with a physical idea of
where the data they input ultimately has an effect upon the structure of the whole
system from order to dispatch to restock how any system is developed can be
determined through a dataflow diagram. The appropriate register saved in database
and maintained by appropriate authorities.
 Data Flow Diagram Notation

Function/Process

File/Database

Input/output

Flow
ER Diagram

An Entity Relation(ER) Diagram is a specialized graphics that illustrates the

interrelationship between entities in a database. ER diagrams often use symbols to
represent 3 different types of information. Boxes are commonly used to represent
entities. Diamonds are normally used to represent relationships and ovals are used to
represent attributes.

An Entity Relationship Model (ERM), in software engineering is an abstract and

conceptual representation of data. Entity Relationship modeling is a relational schema
database modeling method, used to produce a type of conceptual schema or semantic
data model of a system, often a relation database, and its requirements in a top-down
fashion

Entity:
Entity is the thing which we want to store information. It is an elementary basic building
block of storing information about business process. An entity represents an object
defined within the information system about which you want to store information.
Entities are distinct things in the enterprise.

Relationships:

A relationship is a named collection or association between entities or used

to relate two or more entities with some common attributes or meaningful interaction
between the objects.
Attributes:

Attributes are the properties of the entities and relationship, Descriptor of the
entity. Attributes are elementary pieces of information attached to an entity.
Use Case Diagram

3.3 Database Design

The data in the system has to be stored and retrieved from database. Designing the database is part of

system design. Data elements and data structures to be stored have been identified at analysis stage. They

are structured and put together to design the data storage and retrieval system.

A database is a collection of interrelated data stored with minimum redundancy to serve many users

quickly and efficiently. The general objective is to make database access easy, quick, inexpensive and

flexible for the user. Relationships are established between the data items and unnecessary data items

are removed. Normalization is done to get an internal consistency of data and to have minimum

redundancy and maximum stability. This ensures minimizing data storage required, minimizing chances

of data inconsistencies and optimizing for updates. The MS Access database has been chosen for

developing the relevant databases.

Database Table Relationship

Admin Table Structure

Courses Table Structure

Registration Table Structure

Rooms Table Structure

State Table Structure

 3.4 Output Design
Designing computer output should proceed in an organized, well throughout manner; the right

output element is designed so that people will find the system whether or executed. When we design an

output we must identify the specific output that is needed to meet the system. The usefulness of the

new system is evaluated on the basis of their output.

Once the output requirements are determined, the system designer can decide what to include in the system

and how to structure it so that the require output can be produced. For the proposed software, it is necessary that the

output reports be compatible in format with the existing reports. The output must be concerned to the overall

performance and the system‘s working, as it should. It consists of developing specifications and procedures for data

preparation, those steps necessary to put the inputs and the desired output, ie maximum user friendly. Proper messages

and appropriate directions can control errors committed by users.

The output design is the key to the success of any system. Output is the key between the user and

the sensor. The output must be concerned to the system‘s working, as it should.

Output design consists of displaying specifications and procedures as data presentation. User never left

with the confusion as to what is happening without appropriate error and acknowledges message being received.

Even an unknown person can operate the system without knowing anything about the system.
 SYSTEM ANALYSIS
4.1 Existing System

For the past few years the number of educational institutions are increasing rapidly. Thereby the

number of hostels are also increasing for the accommodation of the students studying in this institution.

And hence there is a lot of strain on the person who are running the hostel and software‘s are not usually

used in this context. This particular project deals with the problems on managing a hostel and avoids the

problems which occur when carried manually

Identification of the drawbacks of the existing system leads to the designing of computerized

system that will be compatible to the existing system with the system which is more user friendly and

more GUI oriented. We can improve the efficiency of the system, thus overcome the following

drawbacks of the existing system.

· more human error.

· more strength and strain of manual labour needed

· Repetition of the same procedures.

· low security

· Data redundancy

· difficult to handle

· difficult to update data

· record keeping is difficult

· Backup data can be easily generated

Hostel Mangement System

SYSTEM TESTING
System testing is the stage of implementation, which is aimed at ensuring that the system works accurately

and efficiently before live operation commences. Testing is the process of executing the program with the intent

of finding errors and missing operations and also a complete verification to determine whether the objectives are

met and the user requirements are satisfied. The ultimate aim is quality assurance.

Tests are carried out and the results are compared with the expected document. In the case of

erroneous results, debugging is done. Using detailed testing strategies a test plan is carried out on each

module. The various tests performed in ―Network Backup System‖ are unit testing, integration testing

and user acceptance testing.

5.1 Unit Testing

The software units in a system are modules and routines that are assembled and integrated to

perform a specific function. Unit testing focuses first on modules, independently of one another, to

locate errors. This enables, to detect errors in coding and logic that are contained within each module.

This testing includes entering data and ascertaining if the value matches to the type and size supported

by java. The various controls are tested to ensure that each performs its action as required.

5.2 Integration Testing

Data can be lost across any interface, one module can have an adverse effect on another, sub

functions when combined, may not produce the desired major functions. Integration testing is a

systematic testing to discover errors associated within the interface. The objective is to take unit tested

modules and build a program structure. All the modules are combined and tested as a whole. Here the

Server module and Client module options are integrated and tested. This testing provides the assurance

that the application is well integrated functional unit with smooth transition of data.

5.3 User Acceptance Testing

User acceptance of a system is the key factor for the success of any system. The system under
consideration is tested for user acceptance by constantly keeping in touch with the system users at time
of developing and making changes whenever required.
Hostel Mangement System

IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation is the stage in the project where the theoretical design is turned into a working system

and is giving confidence on the new system for the users that it will work efficiently and effectively. It involves

careful planning, investigation of the current system and its constraints on implementation, design of methods to

achieve the change over, an evaluation of change over methods. Apart from planning major task of preparing the

implementation are education and training of users. The implementation process begins with preparing a plan for

the implementation of the system. According to this plan, the activities are to be carried out, discussions made

regarding the equipment and resources and the additional equipment has to be acquired to implement the new

system. In network backup system no additional resources are needed.

Implementation is the final and the most important phase. The most critical stage in achieving a

successful new system is giving the users confidence that the new system will work and be effective. The

system can be implemented only after thorough testing is done and if it is found to be working according to

the specification. This method also offers the greatest security since the old system can take over if the errors

are found or inability to handle certain type of transactions while using the new system.

7.1 User Training

After the system is implemented successfully, training of the user is one of the most

important subtasks of the developer. For this purpose user manuals are prepared and handled over to the

user to operate the developed system. Thus the users are trained to operate the developed system. Both

the hardware and software securities are made to run the developed systems successfully in future. In

order to put new application system into use, the following activities were taken care of:

· Preparation of user and system documentation

. Conducting user training with demo and hands on

· Test run for some period to ensure smooth switching over the system
Hostel Mangement System

The users are trained to use the newly developed functions. User manuals describing the

procedures for using the functions listed on menu are circulated to all the users. It is confirmed that the

system is implemented up to users need and expectations.

7.2 Security and Maintenance

Maintenance involves the software industry captive, typing up system resources .It means

restoring something to its original condition. Maintenance follows conversion to the extend that changes

are necessary to maintain satisfactory operations relative to changes in the user‘s environment.

Maintenance often includes minor enhancements or corrections to problems that surface in the system‘s

operation. Maintenance is also done based on fixing the problems reported, changing the interface with

other software or hardware enhancing the software.

Any system developed should be secured and protected against possible hazards. Security measures are

provided to prevent unauthorized access of the database at various levels. An uninterrupted power supply should

be so that the power failure or voltage fluctuations will not erase the data in the files.

Password protection and simple procedures to prevent the unauthorized access are provided to the

users .The system allows the user to enter the system only through proper user name and password.
 Output Screens

User Module

User Signup

User Sign in
User Password Recovery

User Dashboard
User Profile

User Change Password

User Hostel Booking
User Booked Hostel Details
User Access log Details

Admin Module
Admin Login

Admin Dashboard
 Admin Profile

Admin Add Course

Admin Manage Courses

Admin edit Course Details

Admin add room

Admin Manage Rooms

Admin Edit Room Details

Manage Registered Students

Registered Student Details
User Access logs
Hostel Mangement System

CONCLUSION

To conclude the description about the project : The project, developed using PHP and MySQL is

based on the requirement specification of the user and the analysis of the existing system, with

flexibility for future enhancement.

The expanded functionality of today‘s software requires an appropriate approach towards software

development. This hostel management software is designed for people who want to manage various activi-ties in

the hostel. For the past few years the number of educational institutions are increasing rapidly.

Thereby the number of hostels are also increasing for the accommodation of the students studying in this

institution. And hence there is a lot of strain on the person who are running the hostel and software‘s are

not usually used in this context. This particular project deals with the problems on managing a hostel

and avoids the problems which occur when carried manually.

Identification of the drawbacks of the existing system leads to the designing of computerized

system that will be compatible to the existing system with the system which is more user friendly and

more GUI oriented.

Hostel Mangement System

BIBILIOGRAPHY

1. www.w3schools.com

2. in.php.net

3. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP

4 . www.hotscripts.com/category/php/

5. www.apache.org/

6. www.mysql.com/click.php?e=35050