MARIA FERNANDA KARIME RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ

PATRICIO MONTEMAYOR LOPEZ

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 Since the prehistoric times, humans watched

the flight of birds and longed to imitate them.
 No one knew in those times that many factors
like mesh of muscles, breathing system and
sinew make birds fly.
 The identity of the “bird-men” passed through
the centuries without an answer and countless
lives were lost in the attempts to fly
 In the 1500’s, Leonardo Da Vinci found that the
movement of the wing relative to the air produced
the necessary lift to fly.
 As the results of these studies, he filled his
notebooks with a lot of sketches of proposed
flying machines.
 Some of them were ornithopters (machines that copy
bird’s flying action).
 His other designs included the first helicopter and a
parachute
 The quest for flight led some practitioners
in another direction.
 In 1783, the first manned hot-air balloon,
crafted by the Montgolfier (Joseph and
Etienne), fly for around 23 minutes.
 This solved the issue of lift, but now they
need to find out how to control speed and
direction.
 ■ He had realized the fundamental importance of lift
Sir George Cayley
to balance weight.
■ In 1799, he made one of the most important
discoveries, he understood that the air flows above
a fixed curved wing making to lift.
■ -He built another two gliders, one biplane and the
other one triplane, the last, built in 1849, managed
to travel 20 meters.
■ -He tried to make an association of aeronautics, but
he failed.
 ■ His most important contribution was the
development of lift to balance weight.
■ His first designs were monoplane gliders, designing
and building ships with other configurations like
biplanes, ships with tandem wings, swinging wings
and wolding wings.
■ He made more than 2000 flights with his own
designs.
■ After serving in the Royal Navy
and working as shipbuilding
appetence, he began building a
series of successful hang
gliders.
■ Aircraft designer who nearly
flew a powered plane before
the Wright brothers.
■ Percy invented and built his
"tri-plane" equipped with an oil
engine that wasn’t ready, so he
decided to wow his audience
with a flight in The Hawk
instead.
■ In 1896, the first engine-powered airplane, named
“the Aerodrome” was
making his flight for around 1 kilometer.
■ Dr. Samuel Pierpont Langley was the man behind this.
■ The Aerodrome was a 5-meter wing spam tandem
biplane with a steam
engine driving 2 propellers.
■ The Congress and the Smithsonian Institute gave in
total 70,000 dollars to Dr. Samuel to make a man-
driven engine-powered airplane.
■ On October and December a launching gear failure
make the airplane crash during test.
■ He began experiments with gliders, three of which
were of his own design and two designed by
others. Chanute’s advanced age prevented him
from piloting them himself.
■ Not satisfied just to record the achievements of
others, Chanute began in 1896 to search for
automatic flight control by designing and building
a series of gliders which an assistant successfully
flew
■ In 1901 he visited the Wright Brothers and
encouraged them in their gliding experiments,
typifying his role as a collector and disseminator of
aeronautical information.
Glenn Curtis was an American
aviation and motorcycling pioneer.
On 1904, he began to manufacture engines for
airships.
He was classified by Graham Bell as the
“greatest motor expert in the country”
He was invited to join AEA (Aerial Experiment
Association) to make a heavier-than-air flying
machine.
Between 1908 and 1910, the AEA
produced four Aerodrome named: Red
Wing, White Wing, June Bug and Silver Dart.

Among the 4 aerodrome, the third one

“June Bug” was primarily designed by him
and became its test pilot.

On July 4, 1908 he flew 1,550 m to win the

Scientific American Trophy.

This was considered to be the first

preannounced public flight of a heavier-
than-air flying a machine.
■ The first records to aeronautics studies comes
from the days of Viceroyalty on Mexico in 1784.
■ Most of the studies came from foreign shows.
■ In 1863, Joaquin de la Cantolla y Rico built 3
hot-air balloon named Moctezuma I and II and
Vulcano.
■ It wasn´t until the ends of 1800s, when
president Diaz decided to use these studies for
military purposes.
■ In December 1909, he named Federico Cervantes, lieutenant of the CIC, go
to France to study about military aerostation and signals.
■ Years later there was a try to form an Aviation School, but it was a failure.
■ Madero on the 30th of November in 1911, he became the first president to
make a flight in a Deperdussin.
■ Impressed he decided to buy 5 planes and send 5 Mexicans to studied in
Moisant Aviation School in NY.These 5 Mexican will be known like the
“First Five”
Their names are:
– Alberto Leopoldo Salinas Carranza
– Gustavo Adolfo Salinas Camiña
– Horacio Ruiz Gaviño
– Juan Pablo Aldasoro Suarez
– Eduardo Aldasoro Suarez
■ Starting in April 1913, with the
formation the first Air Squad of the
Federal Army, with people like
– Miguel Lebrija
– Horacio Ruiz
– Juan Guillermo Villasana
– Antonio Sanchez.
■ Then having the battle of
Topolobampo, the first aero naval
battle in the world on 4 of March in
1914.
■ In November 1915, it is founded the National Aviation
School (ENA) and National Aeronautical Construction
Workshop (TNCA).

■ Even thought in these years the Great War make the raw
materials difficult to obtain, the pilot Alberto Salinas (the
founder of the TNCA) manage to create a quality aviation
industry.
■ In 1903 the Wright brothers achieved the first powered, sustained
and controlled airplane flight; they surpassed their own achievement
two years later when they built and flew the first fully practical
airplane.