Characteristics and Properties of

Isotope

Isotope are atoms of any of two or

ISOTOPES
more forms of a chemical element, having
Back Panel Heading the same number of protons in the nucleus,
or the same atomic number, but having dif-
ferent numbers of neutrons in the nucleus,
WHAT IS AN ISOTOPE? or different atomic weights. There are 275
isotopes of the 81 stable elements, in addi-
Isotopes are atoms with the tion to over 800 radioactive isotopes, and
same number of protons but that every element has known isotopic forms.
have a different number of neutrons.
Since the atomic number is equal to Isotopes of a single element possess almost
the number of protons and the atom- identical properties. Some isotopes are sta-
ic mass is the sum of protons and ble and some are unstable. When an isotope
neutrons, we can also say that iso- is unstable it will decay over time and even-
topes are elements with the same tually it will turn into another isotope or
atomic number but different mass
element. Unstable isotopes are considered
numbers.
Atoms and elements are made radioactive.
of protons, neutrons and electrons. Most elements
The nucleus is made of protons and that are found in
neutrons, and the electrons surround nature are made
the nucleus. The sum of the number
up of stable iso-
of protons and the number of neu-
trons is equal to the atomic mass. topes. The ele-
ment with the
most stable iso-
topes is tin
which has ten
different
Phone: stable
555-555-5555
isotopes
Fax: 555-555-5555
Email: someone@example.com
 PROPERTIES AND USES
DEUTERIUM
Deuterium, (D, or 2H), also
called heavy hydrogen, isotope of
hydrogen with a nucleus consisting
of one proton and one neutron,
which is double the mass of the nu-
cleus of ordinary hydrogen (one pro- Properties SOURCES:
ton). Deuterium has an atomic Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydro- Read more at: https://www.ducksters.com/
weight of 2.014. It is a stable atomic gen with a relative atomic mass of science/chemistry/isotopes.php
species found in natural hydrogen 2.014102 compared to the atomic mass
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/isotope
compounds to the extent of about of protium, 1.007825. Deuterium occurs
0.0156 percent to the extent of about 0.0156% in a sam- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-
ple of naturally occurring hydrogen. Its and-planetary-sciences/isotope
Brief History melting point is -426°F (-254°C)— https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deuterium
The name deuterium is de- compared to -434°F (-259°C) for pro- https://www.vedantu.com/physics/deuterium
rived from the Greek deuteros, mean- tium—and its boiling point is -417°F (-
ing "second", to denote the two parti- 249°C)–compared to -423°F (-253°C) for PICTURES:
cles composing the nucleus. Deuteri- protium. Its macroscopic properties of
https://www.thoughtco.com/isotopes-and-
um was discovered and named in color, odor, taste, and the like are the nuclear-symbols-examples-609563
1931 by Harold Urey. When the neu- same as those for protium. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope
tron was discovered in 1932, this https://www.google.com/url?
Uses sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2F12png.com%
made the nuclear structure of deuter- The deuterium atom is widely used in
2Fsearch%2Fdeuterium
ium obvious, and Urey won the Nobel prototype fusion reactors. The deuteri-
Prize in 1934 "for his discovery of um atoms also have their application in https://www.google.com/url?
heavy hydrogen". Soon after deuteri- sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%
military, industrial, and scientific fields.
2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Ffacts-about-
um's discovery, Urey and others pro-
They are also used as a tracer in nuclear deuterium
duced samples of "heavy water" in
fusion reactors in order to slow down
which the deuterium content had https://www.google.com/url?
the neutrons in heavy water moderated sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fphoenixwi.com%
been highly concentrated.
fission reactors.