Almighty Father

we praise and
thank you for
giving us this
day. We ask you
to clean our
hearts from all
the wrong actions
and words. Help
us not to commit
them again.
Guide us that we
may grow in love
as we
 continue our quest for knowledge and learnings. These we ask you
through Christ our Lord. Amen

Glory be to the Father, and to the son and to Holy Spirit as it was in
the beginning is now and ever shall be world without end. AMEN

St. Joseph - Pray for us

St. Anthony de Padua - Pray for us

1
Social and
 Cultural
Institutions
Semi-Finals Module 2
At the end of the lesson, the students
are expected to:
● Examine the functions and
importance of education and
 religion & belief system in the
society

What is a Social Institution?

● A social institution is an interrelated
system of social roles and social norms,
organized around the satisfaction of an
 important social need or social function.
● Social Institutions are organized patterns
of beliefs and behaviour that are centered
on basic social needs.
4

Major Social Institution?

● The Family
● Education
● Religion
● Economic Institutions
● Government as Social Institutions 5

Why do I go to school?
 6

Most unforgettable
memories I have in school
are…
(Positive and Negative)

7
8
The Education Institution

Education
● Education is the process of facilitating learning,
or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values,
morals, beliefs, habits, and personal development.
● Education can be thought of as the transmission
of the values and accumulated knowledge of a
 society.
9

Reinforcer:

On a macro level, how is the

educational institution
influencing lives of people
of one’s state or country?
 10

Top 10 Effects of Education as an

institution on the Society
1. Education is important in the creation of any democratic
society.
2. Education is needed to make a society geopolitically stable.
3. Education leads to economic prosperity in the global
marketplace.
4. Education gives people the knowledge they need to elect
capable leaders.
5. Education helps promote tolerance in a society and helps
reduce common conflicts between diverse populations in an
 urban setting.
11

Effects of Education has on the

Society
6. Education has the power to help societies, and the world in
general, change for the better.
7. Education is important because it helps members in a society
learn from the mistakes of the past.
8. Education is the first step a society needs before giving rights
to women and other minority groups.
9. Education reduces violence and crime in societies.
10. Education creates hope for the future.
 12

Two Types of Education

1. Informal Education

It describes learning
about cultural values,
norms, and expected
behaviors by
participating in a society.
 13

Two Types of Education

2. Formal
Education

describes the learning

of academic facts and
concepts through a
formal curriculum
 14

The Schools
one of the universal symbols for education. It is a
place where learners of varied ages, background
and needs are brought together to learn. Aside
from aiding a child to realize his inborn potentials
and skills,education also assists in molding a
child’s behavior, social skills and adjustability.
 1

The Schools
Provides children opportunities to interact in
groups, enabling them to discover individual
differences like sexual and gender roles, personal
and preferences, attitudes and values, and
capacities and capabilities for growth and survival.
 1

The Schools
⦁ Schools are vital in maintaining social order in
society. The organic entity of a society is also
build up by social integration of
heterogeneous groups bonded together by
shared values and identities that are honed
and cultivated in schools.
 1

Education is an essential part of the

development of any country and society as
this is the primary way of enlightening individual
with each facet of life. The essential qualities of
a person must have in order to sustain a good
lifestyle are introduced to them on early
education. Along with these qualities,the
ideologies,culture, and heritage of a society are
taught inside the four walls of classrooms.
 18

Educational institution -
According to UNESCO, they are Institution that
provides education as its main purpose, such as a
school, college, university or training centre. Such
institutions are normally accredited or sanctioned by
the relevant national education authorities or
equivalent authorities. Educational institutions may
also be operated by private organizations, such as
religious bodies, special interest groups or private
educational and training enterprises, both for profit
and non-profit.
 19

Educational institution
- a social institution through which a society’s
children are taught basic academic knowledge,
learning skills, and cultural norms.

- serves as agents of cultural transmission,which is

essential for society’s survival as well as unleashing
the latent functions of organized groups.
 20

“
TWO PRIMARY
FUNCTIONS OF
EDUCATION IN
THE SOCIETY

21
 1.
Productive
Citizenry
Develop a
productive
citizenry It’s through
schools that individuals are
potentially socialized through curriculum designed
by the state. Through education, people are taught
to develop positive outlooks toward concepts like
liberty and democracy, as well as to view the
government as an organization
of authority
PRODUCTIVE CITIZENRY -A
good citizen is someone who is
deserving of the state's protection
and love because of their behavior
within the state – someone who
would without a doubt- serve their
society with the best of the families.
23
2. Self-Actualization

Promote Self-actualization
Aim to let the students discover personal
meanings and
develop their own perceptions about themselves and
their environment

25

“
 26

Filipinos’ Value of Education

For Filipinos, education is a birth right or inheritance
to be passed on the next generation, not just basic
right. Such prestige makes educational attainment a
barometer in measuring status and ranks in society.

A household that produces successful professionals

are praised for raising obedient and preserving
children despite the numerous sacrifices it entailed. 27
 Primary

Education as
Human Rights
Educations as a human right
began in 1995 through the
UNESCO. Associated with the
schools program. However, the first
attempt to request for education to
be a right spurted in 1974 according
to UNESCO.

29

Across the globe, around 61 million

primary school age children were not
 enrolled in school back in the year
2010 (UNESCO statistics). Of these
children, 47% were never expected to
enter school, 26% attended but left,
in the remaining 27% are expected to
attend school in the future.

30

With the growing number of children lacking the

basic right to education,many organizations have
sprouted to alleviate this kind of issue. Since is its
highly emphasized how important education is in
the informations and development of society,the act
of providing basic necessities to ensure a child’s
education must be in the forefront of the
government ideologies and goals.

31
 32

Introduction to Religion
It is considered as the oldest form of social
institution, as old as human civilization.
*Neanderthals already have a concept of
supernatural. Anthropologist recovered along their
fossils remains evidences of funeral ceremonies
in
the form of flowers and artifacts accompanying
the dead.
*Tabon people of Palawan also produces
secondary burial jars with boat embellishments
like humans riding on boats, symbolizing a
journey
to the afterlife.
33
Religion
-an organized system of beliefs concerning supernatural
beings. This system of beliefs is exercised through rituals that
are meant to influence facets of the universe which otherwise
people can do nothing about (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, and
McBride, 2008)
 -it plays different functional
roles in society. It is a source of
an orderly model of the
universe. It also provides
explanations of things and
experiences that cannot be
grasped by human senses.
34

Religion is perceived
 as
universal.
Religion’s central
concept is
the recognition of a
SUPREME BEING
who has
overreaching influence both
the present and afterlife.
 35

Different concepts of Religion

according to: In short Religion provides: ⦁
Reminder of their common
Sociologist Emile Durkheim group membership
Emphasizes the role of religion
⦁ Reaffirmation of their values
as social cohesion. For him, the
and roles
origin of religion is not
⦁ Maintaining Morals and
supernatural but social. He
pointed out that rituals enacted Taboos
simply to enhance the solidarity ⦁ Comfort during crisis
of the
community as well as its faith.
 36

Different concepts of Religion

according to:
Saint John Henry Newman
Religion can be a very also inspire division, especially
powerful institution especially among those with differences in
through a communal beliefs.
ceremonies where people are
able to share a common
experience and belief.
On the other hand, religion may
37
Different concepts of
Religion
according to:
Karl Marx
Religion causes inequalities
and injustices.

Religion is a profound
form
of human alienation (the
situation in which people
lose
their control over social world
they have created)

38

Functional Roles of Religion in

Society

1. Religion is a source of an orderly

model of the universe. With more
organized understanding of the
world and various forces around it,
 people are able to move freely, more
purposefully, and with less anxiety.

39

Functional Roles of Religion in

Society

2. Religions provide their believers with

sets of guidelines of what is right and
wrong (Moral norms to live up)
 40

Chronological development of
Religion

Animism
Beliefs that spirits may dwell
in
nature, people, or human
made
objects.
Examples:
Yanomani tribe of Valenzuela
Pre-colonial Filipinos

41

Chronological development of
Religion

Polytheism
Belief in multiple gods
Examples:
Ancient Greeks and Romans
Hindus
Pre-modern Filipinos (Batahala,
Gat Panahon, Ai-Suno, etc)

42

Chronological development of
Religion
 Monotheism
Belief in a single, all-
powerful god
Examples:
Roman Catholic
Jews
Islam

43

Religion as a Social Institution

1. Organized religion or possessing a religious organization
Ecclesia - a religious organization that claims the membership of
everyone in the society or even other society. (Christianity/Catholicism)
Church/denomination - two or more established, relatively tolerant
religious organizations that claim allegiance to a substantial part of the
population (Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox) Sect
- an exclusive and uncompromising religious organization; often, one
that splits off from the church due to doctrine reasons. (Baptists,
Jehovah’s Witnesses)
Cult - loosely organized religious movement and independent from
the religious tradition of the surrounding society

44

Religion as a Social Institution

2. Separation of church and state

The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines declares: The

separation of Church and State shall be inviolable. (Article
II, Section 6), and, No law shall be made respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise
thereof.

Simply the Philippines is NOT ALLOWED to establish its

national religion and it cannot interfere in the free exercise
of religious beliefs of its citizens.

45
 Religion as a Social Institution
3. Dualism to unity (body and soul to unity)

State - provide the things needed by the body Religion -

Provide the spiritual needs of the person both in the
present (living) and afterlife (after death) 46
Religion as a Social Institution
4. Uniformity to tolerance
Religious uniformity occurs when government is used to
promote one state religion, denomination, or philosophy to the
exclusion of all other religious beliefs.
Religious Tolerance refers to the ability to appreciate
spiritual values, beliefs and practices which are different from
your own.

47