Université

Bordeaux Montaigne





EXERCICES DE GRAMMAIRE

LICENCE LLCE – 1ère Année


LIA2M21 - SEMESTRE 2



Philippe Muller
Marie Pointurier
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PARTIE 1 (CORRIGES A PARTIR DE LA PAGE 16)

LA VOIX PASSIVE

EX1. Transposez au passif en prenant pour sujet l’élément souligné :

1. They showed her the easiest way to do it.
2. Someone sent her a dozen roses on her birthday.
3. Someone sent her a dozen roses on her birthday.
4. Someone will show him a recent photograph of the man.
5. Someone will show him a recent photograph of the man.
6. Someone has told her the whole story.
7. Someone has told her the whole story.
8. They must bring me those letters immediately.
9. Will they lend him enough money to finish his new house ?
10. Will they lend him enough money to finish his new house ?

EX2. Mettre au passif chaque fois que possible :

1. They should have asked my husband about that.
2. Someone will have to do the dirty work.
3. We are working out a compromise.
4. He resembles Frankenstein.
5. We proved that he was right.
6. They had heard the speech of the King.
7. She sneezes 12,000 times a day.
8. They might have died in a car crash.
9. Everyone had to help him with his homework.
10. They operated on him several times.
11. Everybody hates Chris.
12. The medical world talks much about the concept of ‘positive patient
identification’.
13. Students know him well for his sincere care for their well-being and progress in
studying.

EX3. Proposez des énoncés à la voix active. Réintroduisez un agent quand c’est possible :

1. The proposed spacecraft would be so large it might have to be sent to Earth orbit
in two launches in 2015.
2. Your home is regarded as a model home, your life as a model life.
3. Our Newsletter is being read in Iran
4. His calligraphy had been highly esteemed throughout Chinese history.
5. Now, Sirtrack, the satellite tracking company behind Happy Feet's transmitter,
believed he could have been eaten by a bigger animal.

EX4. Réécrire au passif :

1. Someone has broken into my house and burgled me.
2. They are working on a new project at university.
3. You should open this wine three hours before drinking it.
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 4. She felt that he had cheated on her.
5. Soon, people deemed that he was the only one who might save Sicily.
6. The Museum will exhibit selections from this outstanding collection in 2013.
7. My hormones made me do it.
8. Could you do it in five minutes ?
9. It is best to visit this place at night.

EX5. Traduisez en utilisant le passif :

1. On lui a dit de ne pas écrire sur les murs.
2. Ce sujet est très discuté en ce moment. (talk about)
3. La question est examinée au parlement au moment où l’on parle.
4. On ne sait pas à qui profitera le crime.
5. Elle a peut-être été enlevée par un fou.
6. Il aurait dû être mis en prison il y a bien longtemps.
7. On donna aux secrétaires une augmentation.
8. Dans cette école, on enseigne aux élèves le latin et le grec.
9. On s’était très bien occupé de moi.
10. On aurait dû lui donner plus d’argent.
11. C’est à ce moment là qu’on lui a parlé.
12. Il s’est fait tuer dans un accident d’avion.


LE RENVOI A L’AVENIR

EX1. Associez la situation et l’expression utilisée pour renvoyer à l’avenir :

Le téléphone sonne. Vous dites que vous allez répondre > décision prise sur le champ >
‘ll

Will (‘ll) / be going to / be +V-ing / be to / be about to

1. Vous avez beaucoup de travail. Vous n’allez pas regarder la télévision ce soir.
2. Vous pensez qu’elle va réussir, c’est sûr. Elle a tout fait pour.
3. Le match va commencer. Il faut aller s’asseoir en vitesse.
4. Vous demandez à quelqu’un d’attendre. Ca ne sera pas long.
5. Inutile de téléphoner : vous la voyez demain.
6. Vous devez aller chez le dentiste, votre mère a pris rendez-vous.

EX2. Dites si les phrases contiennent des subordonnées de temps puis traduisez en
anglais :

1. Quand viendras-tu ?
2. Je te donnerai le journal dès que j’aurai fini de le lire.
3. Elle ne sait pas quand il sera là.
4. Quand je serai grand, je serai linguiste.
5. Ils klaxonneront lorsqu’ils ils arriveront devant la maison.
6. Je me demande quand Jane pourra enfin me préparer un curry.
7. Nous irons au restaurant dès qu’ils arriveront.

EX3. Traduisez :

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 1. Tu seras prêt dans cinq minutes ?
2. Je suis sûr que tu vas le reconnaître.
3. Elle revient dimanche.
4. « Pourquoi ouvres-tu cette bouteille de vin ? » « Je vais en mettre dans la sauce. »
5. « Tu fais la vaisselle ce soir ? » « Non, ça peut attendre jusqu’à demain. »
6. « Je prends le train à 7 heures. » « Moi aussi. Je t’emmène » (give a lift)
7. Le cyclone est sur le point d’atteindre (hit) la Floride.
8. La reine doit se rendre (visit) en Australie en juin.
9. Cette année je ne fais rien de spécial à Pâques.
10. Il a acheté un nouveau CD-rom : il va se remettre (take up again) à l’anglais.

LES MODAUX

EX1. Emplois épistémiques : Repérez le degré de certitude en soulignant l’expression
française qui l’indique. Traduisez ensuite à l’aide d’un des modaux suivants : could, must,
might, may, can’t.

Il a sans doute oublié > must

1. Je ne sais pas trop, je viendrai peut-être.
2. Ca n’est pas possible qu’ils se soient perdus.
3. Il est sans doute parti à l’heure qu’il est.
4. Etant donné les circonstances, ça pourrait arriver plus tôt qu’on ne le pense.
5. Je serai peut-être en avance.
6. J’imagine qu’il risque d’y avoir du retard.

EX2. Réécrivez les phrases suivantes en employant may + V, may + be + V-ing, may + have
+ V-en ou may + have been + V-ing

1. Perhaps he is ill. 2. Perhaps she will come tomorrow
3. Perhaps he’s watching TV 4. Perhaps he saw her yesterday
5. Perhaps they had an early breakfast 6. Perhaps you were dreaming
7. Perhaps it’s not working 8. Perhaps he told her the truth
9. Perhaps he was listening 10. Perhaps it was right

EX3. Emplois radicaux : traduisez en utilisant may, can ou could

1. Est-ce que je pourrais parler à Simon ?
2. Je peux t’emprunter ton stylo ?
3. Puis-je voir votre passeport ?
4. Est-ce que je peux voir la photo de ton passeport ?
5. Puis-je entrer ?
6. On peut partir maintenant ?
7. On a le droit de partir maintenant ?
8. Est-ce que je pourrais avoir l’addition ?
9. Je peux avoir son adresse ?
10. Est-ce que je pourrais avoir le sel ?

EX4. Employez may, can, could, be able to ou be allowed to à la forme qui convient

1. You ……………………………. go now.
2. You will not ……………………………. leave before you have finished.

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 3. She ……………………………. not go out on her own after 11.
4. He hasn’t ……………………………. get into the pub : he is too young.
5. They’d like to ……………………………. choose what subject they want to study.
6. If you were older, you would ……………………………. go on your own.
7. Very exceptionnally he ……………………………. stay up until 12.
8. He was a happy child : he ……………………………. ask all the questions he wanted.
9. In Summerhill, the pupils were very free : they ……………………………. attend the
lessons they wanted.
10. This, year on Christmas Eve, Lara ……………………………. stay up until midnight.

EX5. Traduisez :

1. Ne t’inquiète pas. Tu pourras faire du shopping à Londres cet été.
2. Non, tu n’as pas la permission d’aller sur facebook tant que tu n’auras pas fini tes
devoirs.
3. Il est incorruptible, on ne peut pas l’acheter.
4. Il est beaucoup trop tôt. Il ne peut pas être au travail.
5. Il se peut qu’il pleuve très bientôt.
6. Il se pourrait qu’il ait plu ce matin.
7. Elle aurait pu venir beaucoup plus tôt.
8. Elle aura bientôt 18 ans et elle pourra bientôt faire ce qu’elle veut. Elle pourra
même conduire une voiture.
9. Il ne savait pas du tout chanter.

EX6. Réagissez aux situations en employant should ou should have + V-en :

We will have a lot of fun ! -> you / come -> you should come.
We would have had a lot of fun. -> you / come -> you should have come.

1. The exercise is very easy -> all the students / get a good mark
2. The teacher’s very disppointed -> all the students / get a good mark
3. You are late -> I / leave earlier than seven
4. There’s no reason to lie to him -> why / I / not tell him the truth
5. There was no reason to lie to him - > why / I / not tell him the truth
6. Everything is ready -> everything / be alright
7. You were sure of yourself and yet it doesn’t work -> it / work
8. You’ve been working very hard -> it / work

EX7. Traduisez :

1. Tu devrais acheter ce CD.
2. Veux-tu que je ferme la porte ?
3. A cette heure-ci, elle devrait être dans l’avion (fly) pour New-York.
4. Il est surprenant qu’il soit encore là.
5. Et si on allait se promener ?
6. Est-ce que j’aurais dû l’écouter ?
7. Tu aurais dû acheter ce CD.
8. Il est nécessaire qu’elle apprenne à se servir d’un ordinateur.
9. Tu devrais lui demander. Il n’y a pas de raison pour que tu ne le fasses pas.
10. Tu ne commettras pas l’adultère.

EX8. Complétez les phrases avec must ou have to :

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1. We ………………….. pay fees for the water park down here in Somerset.
2. Your train leaves at 6. You ………………….. be at the station at least half an hour
before boarding.
3. Harry Potter is such a great book ! You ………………….. read it.
4. ‘I can’t come now.’ ‘Ah, but you ………………….. come, he’s very ill’
5. You’d ………………….. be good at maths if you wanted to be an accountant.

EX9. Complétez avec must ou have to. Attention aux temps :

1. I think I ………………….. work harder if I want to succeed.
2. When I finally got to New York, I ………………….. show my passport to the customs
officer.
3. If you go to Japan, you will ………………….. drive on the left.
4. He’s always late. He ………………….. wake up earlier in the morning.
5. When she was a teenager, ………………….. (really-she) be home by eleven ?

EX10. Utilisez mustn’t ou not have to.

1. We had booked in advance, so we ………………….. wait.
2. He’s really sick, so you ………………….. bother him with that.
3. I can hear you. You ………………….. shout.
4. That was a very informal party. You ………………….. wear anything special.
5. He’s a spoilt brat ! You ………………….. buy him another toy.
6. It’s a bank-holiday today. We ………………….. get up early.
7. I had understood the first time. You ………………….. repeat.
8. He’s had too much to drink. He ………………….. drive.

EX11. Traduisez :

1. Fallait-il qu’elle parte ?
2. Tu n’as pas besoin de venir ce soir, je t’excuserai.
3. Elle ne doit pas continuer comme ça.
4. J’ai besoin d’acheter un nouvel ordinateur.
5. Paul n’était pas obligé d’être si cruel !


EX12. Dites le contraire en utilisant un auxiliaire modal ou une structure non-modale :

1. You must report to the headquarters immediately.
2. You may phone your parents if you like.
3. James should have asked the boss.
4. Gemma must have been working on her next asignment on that night.
5. She needn’t buy a ticket.
6. He can’t be fixing the car.
7. She had to pay for everybody else.
8. Julie needed to find somewhere else to live.

EX13. Paraphrasez les énoncés suivants à l’aide d’un auxiliaire modal :

1. She certainly believed she had a talent for love.
2. Linda managed to maintain her desired weight.

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 3. It’s impossible she could have escaped.
4. Jenny was probably too busy to notice it.
5. There was no reason for him to do this and yet he did.

EX14. Complétez avec would ou would have + V-en

1. ………………….. ………………….. (you - be) quiet, please !
2. If they had woken up earlier, they ………………….. (not-be) late.
3. If we woke up earlier, we ………………….. (not-be) late.
4. She was very pessimistic. She thought she (never succeed) …………………..
5. ………………….. ………………….. (you-like) to come to the movies with us tonight ?
6. She’s ashamed of being short. She (like) ………………….. to have been taller.
7. If you had asked them, they (come) …………………... .
8. I’m sure he (call) ………………….. if he knew how much you miss him.

EX15. Traduisez :

1. Tu devrais réfléchir.
2. Tu aurais dû réfléchir.
3. Il se pourrait qu’elle gagne le concours.
4. Elle aurait gagné le concours facilement.
5. Il pourrait venir.
6. Il aurait pu venir.
7. Si tu avais un million de dollars, qu’en ferais-tu ?
8. Si tu avais eu un million de dollars, qu’en aurais-tu fait ?
9. J’aimerais pouvoir déménager en Australie.
10. J’aurais aimé pouvoir déménager en Australie.

EX16. Proposez des équivalences contenant des auxiliaires modaux ou des structures
non-modales à sens proche:

1. I recommend you give up smoking.
2. I’m certain he did something wrong.
3. Perhaps they were working on a new project, that’s why they were busy.
4. It’s a shame nobody helped her.
5. She was forced to stay at home for a few weeks.
6. They apologised, which was unecessary.
7. They knew how to swim.
8. He is likely to become a great mathematician.
9. You are allowed to drink a little champagne tonight.

EX17. Dites le contraire :

1. The train must have been late.
2. You needn’t have spent so much time on that exercise.
3. He can’t be partying tonight, he’s grounded.
4. He didn’t manage to open the door.

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 COMPLEMENTATIONS VERBALES

EX1. Complétez les phrases pour qu’elles renvoient à un sujet différent

Ex. I don’t want to speak to the manager. I want you to speak to the manager :

1. She doesn’t expect to pay. She expects …………………………………… .
2. I don’t want to write to them. I want …………………………………… .
3. I don’t want anyone to know about about it. I’d hate …………………………………… .
4. I can’t do the job myself. I need …………………………………… .
5. You won’t listen to me. How many times do I have to ask ………………………………… .

EX2. Complétez les phrases en utilisant une proposition infinitives :

Ex. Take out a loan. My bank manager advised me to take out a loan.

1. She didn’t peel the potatoes. You didn’t tell …………………………………… .
2. We work hard. Our teacher taught …………………………………… .
3. The soldiers fired. The officers ordered …………………………………… .
4. You can apply for free travel. This certificate entitles …………………………………… .
5. The public shouldn’t approach this man. The police have warned ……...……………… .
EX3. Traduire :

1. Je veux qu’elle arrête de se plaindre tout le temps.
2. Elle m’a aidé à apprendre ma leçon.
3. J’aimerais mieux aller au cinéma ce soir et pas demain.
4. J’aimerais mieux que tu ailles au cinéma ce soir.
5. Il m’a fait tout recommencer.
6. Est-ce que tu veux que nous venions avec Zoe ?

EX4. Placez ces verbes dans le tableau.

stop - forget - decide - dare - fancy - admit - learn - agree - risk - avoid - recall - demand -
postpone - arrange - keep - consider - enjoy - detest - choose - afford - pretend - deny -
feel like - involve - suggest - refuse - mind - deserve – miss

Verbes suivis de -ing Verbes suivis de to ...

EX5. Complétez par TO V ou en V-ING

1. "Would you mind ..................... (close) the door?
2. b. Don't forget ......................... (lock) the door when you go out.
3. We were hungry so I suggested .......................... (have) dinner early.
4. Ann pretended ............................ (not / see) me when she passed me in the street.
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 5. Hurry up ! I don't want to risk ....................... (miss) the train.
6. I can't afford ........................ (go) to London next weekend, it's too expensive.
7. He tried to avoid ......................... (answer) my question.
8. They denied ......................... (do) anything wrong.
9. We were all afraid to speak. Nobody dared ..................... (say) anything.
10. Jeff doesn't know what happened. I decided ................................ (not / tell) him.

EX6. Traduisez

1. Prenons un taxi, je n'ai pas envie de rentrer à pied.
2. J'ai fait semblant de lire le journal pour éviter de parler à John dans l'avion.
3. On dirait que tu as perdu du poids.
4. Je me souviens d'avoir fermé la porte.
5. Je me suis souvenu de fermer la porte mais j'ai oublié de fermer les fenêtres.
6. Je regrette d'avoir quitté l'école trop tôt.
7. Nous avons le regret de vous informer que votre candidature n'a pas été retenue.
8. Il faut que je recharge mon téléphone.
9. Il faut que je fasse plus d'exercice.
10. Peux-tu m'aider à déplacer l'armoire?
11. Nous étions tellement fatigués que nous ne pouvions pas nous empêcher de rire
pendant la cérémonie de remise des diplômes.
12. Quand je suis entré dans la pièce, Emma lisait. Elle a levé les yeux et m'a dit bonjour,
puis a continué à lire.
13. "- On dirait que le photocopieur ne fonctionne pas. - Essaie d'appuyer sur le bouton
vert."


Exercices complémentaires (non corrigés).

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PARTIE 2 (CORRIGES A PARTIR DE LA PAGE 22)

EX1 a. Soulignez les segments où « le, la, les » sont employés de façon générique:

1. La vie était dure en ce temps-là.
2. La vie de Jeanne d’Arc a inspiré de nombreux films.
3. Les loutres passent leur vie dans l’eau.
4. Les phoques de la baie de Valdez ont beaucoup souffert de la marée noire de
1990.
5. La photo numérique est promise à un grand avenir.
6. Les photos que j’ai prises cet été sont surexposées.
b. Traduisez les phrases qui contiennent un segment souligné.

EX2. Ajoutez un extracteur (par exemple A PIECE OF) lorsque cela est nécessaire :

1. Don’t forget to pick up a (bread) on your way home.

2. The most recent (information) we have is over a week old.
3. I am only taking along two (trousers). That should be enough for one week.
4. This (news) is the best I have heard in ages.
5. Is there any (evidence) to suggest he committed both crimes ?
6. That (furniture) is one of my favourites ; I would hate to part with it.
7. How long after the last (lightning) did you hear the (thunder) ?
8. She doesn’t buy many (clothes), but those she buys are the height of fashion.
9. Loud (laughter) could be heard coming from the other room.
10. You have been most helpful. May I trouble you for just one more (information) ?
EX3. Expliquez la différence de sens entre les deux compléments, avec ou sans article:

1. Ferdinand Gluck is now in office / in the office.

2. l'd like to reserve a room for next week / for the next week.
3. After dinner / After the dinner, we plan to attend a chamber music concert.
4. I worked very hard at school / at the school aIl day.
5. We visited six nuclear plants last month / We've visited six nuclear plants in the last
month.

EX4. Article THE ou déterminant Ø? Traduisez.

1. L'homme existe sur terre depuis des millions d'années.
2. Seuls les riches peuvent se permettre d'aller passer des vacances là-bas.
3. Il veut que son fils apprenne l'anglais, le violon et le yoga.
4. Le dimanche, les banques sont fermées.
5. Les animaux souffrent eux aussi. On ne devrait pas utiliser des animaux pour faire ce
genre d'expériences.
6. Elle a les yeux bleus et les cheveux noirs.
7. Le jaune de votre chemise me plaît beaucoup. Pourtant, je n'aime pas le jaune,
d'habitude.
8. Les blessés ont été transportés à l'hôpital très rapidement, et ils ont tous été sauvés.
9. Vos invités arrivent dimanche, non?
10. Après le repas de midi, nous sommes allés nous promener au bord de la mer.
11. Les échecs ne sont pas un jeu facile. Je pense que vous feriez mieux de jouer au
scrabble. Et peut-être que ça vous apprendrait l'orthographe.
12. Regarde, il gêle. Les toits sont couverts de gelée blanche [= Hoarfrost]
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Ex5. Articles A / AN, Ø et THE. Complétez en ajoutant le déterminant qui convient:

1. Yet these attitudes to ... women - ... contempt, ... dislike, even ... hatred - are so
commonplace in … Western culture that they frequently pass unnoticed, even though
their manifestations are widely disseminated in ... society. What lies behind them is ...
fear of … female, ... phenomenon which was remarked on back in 1932 by …
psychoanalyst Karen Hornry. She asked, 'Is it not really remarkable, when one considers
… overwhelming mass of this transparent material, that so little recognition and
attention are paid to ... fact of ... men's secret dread of ... women?' (Cosmopolitan)
2. One of ... finest illustrations of … laws of … chance is furnished by ... game of ... poker. It
is not … game of … pure chance, like ... dice and ... roulette, but one involving ... large
element of ... skill or ... judgment. … required judgments, however, are based squarely
on ... probabilities, and ... knowledge of ... chances of ... game is essential. Owing to ...
presence of ... element of ... skill, ... study of ... probabilities of ... poker is by no means as
simple as in … games we have previously considered. On ... other hand, … probability
problems of ... poker have … richness and ... breadth of ... application that are lacking in …
other games. (H.C. Levinson, Chance, Luck and Statistics)
3. ... Viking Invasions
... mass movement of Scandinavian peoples between ... years AD 750 and 1050, one of …
great migrations of European history, began as … plunder-raids and ended as …
conquest and … settlement. …people from what is now known as ... Sweden established
… kingdom in … parts of ... European Russia. … adventurers from ... Norway colonized ...
parts of ... British Isles, ... Faroes and ... Iceland, pushed on to ... Greenland and eventually
… coast of ... Labrador. And ... Danes - also called ... Norsemen - conquered ... northern
France (which became ... Normandy) and finally ... England. [...] In ... past, ... Vikings have
been described as ... daring pirates but, while there is obviously much truth to ...
stereotype, ... recent scholarship likes to emphasize ... long-term peaceful benefits of ...
Norse landings. (The Story of English)

EX6. Article THE ou déterminant Ø. Traduisez.

1. La police n'a pas encore retrouvé les bagages qui ont disparu hier à la gare Victoria.
2. Le capitaine Cap connaît bien le détroit de Gibraltar.
3. Il n'a pas l'habitude de s'occuper des personnes âgées.
4. L'homme préhistorique ne connaissait peut-être pas l'écriture, mais il parlait.
5. - Quand vous irez en Irlande, soyez prêt à affronter [= confront] la pluie.
- Ne vous inquiétez pas, je ne crains pas la pluie.
6. Il aime beaucoup le vin blanc italien.
7. Je préfère les épinards que vous m'avez servis la semaine dernière.
8. L'année suivante, ils ont escaladé le mont Fuji-Yama.
9. Les gens sont imprudents. Ils s'exposent au soleil pendant des heures sans protection.
10. Le vieux Jack leur a raconté ses vacances aux Pays-Bas.

EX7. Complétez les phrases avec A / AN lorsque c'est nécessaire:

1. Sky News is not … pay channel.
2. The Economist is published once … week.
3. For this recipe, you need half … pound of flour.
4. Some people strongly oppose … animal experiments.
5. My son is … computer scientist. He is looking for … job.
6. 'If it's … girl, she's going to be called Ginger.' 'What … name for a girl!'

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7. The Smiths are … friendly people.
8. You can pay by … cheque here.
9. Men and Women were talking in … low voice.
10. He never goes out without … pair of gloves.

EX8. Employez l'article A (AN), THE ou Ø

1. … turkey does not come from …Turkey. It gets its name from its cry 'turk-turk' and is
… native of Mexico
2. Henry Vlll is … first person recorded to have dined on … turkey on … Christmas Day.
3. … Prince Albert made … Christmas Tree a part of … English Christmas celebrations
when he married … Queen Victoria in 1840.
4. … Santa Claus is …name of … town in … U.S.A, more precisely in … Indiana. It was
founded by … German settlers in 1852. In 1935, … giant Santa Claus statue was erected
in … town park and dedicated to ‘… children of … world'.
5. … ancient Romans held a feast for … god Saturn on … December 17. For several days …
schools were closed and war was outlawed.
6. … reindeer (les rennes) are … only deer in which both sexes have … antlers (des bois).
In … winter their hooves (sabots) become concave, making them sure-footed on ice.
7. Both … Romans and ... Norsemen decorated their houses and temples with …
evergreen (branches d'arbres à feuilles persistantes) on … festive occasions, evergreen
symbolizing … perpetual tie, especially in ... dead days of winter.
8. Was there really … star in … East that led … Three Wise Men (les Rois Mages) to
Bethlehem? … modern wise men still don't know.

EX9 Employez THE ou Ø dans les phrases suivantes:

1. Since … Chernobyl disaster … nuclear power has been questioned in many countries.
2. … charity begins at … home.
3. Kodiak is … home of … famous brown bears.
4. William Clinton was elected … president in 1996.
5. … new president swore on … Bible to respect … Constitution.
6. … Norman soldiers who arrived in … England in 1066 were followed soon by … floods
of … Latin documents, offering a growing band of scholars … access to … wisdom that
had been accumulating on … continent since … fall of … Roman Empire.
7. … love of money is … root of all … evil.
8. … riches (les richesses) grow in … Hell. (John Milton)
9. … honesty is incompatible with … amassing of a large fortune. (Mahatma Gandhi)
10. He deserves … money he earns.

EX10. Justifiez l'emploi de THIS / THAT puis traduisez en français.:

1. During World War Il, reports given on the BBC from London started with: 'This ... is …
London.'
2. 'This town isn't big enough for both of us’ he said, drawing his six-shooter.
3. That's all, folks!
4. That's the way it is. There's no escaping It.
5. (Referring to England) 'This royal throne of kings, this sceptered isle ... This precious
stone set in the silver sea ... ' (William Shakespeare, Richard Il)

EX11. Employez THIS (THESE) ou THAT (THOSE) dans les phrases suivantes:

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1. ‘… is Liza and … is Jane.'
2. They didn't have computers in ... days.
3. … pair of Jeans fits better than …
4. I'd like to leave … here and collect it later.
5. What on earth is … you're wearing?
6. 'But … is not red, it's orange!' 'You didn't say what kind of red you wanted.' 'Well, a red
red. I don't see what's so difficult about …’.
7. 'Could you do me a favour?' 'Sure.' 'I need someone to sign ... .
8. 'Is he coming back soon?' 'Yes, he'll be back … Thursday.'
9. … drawings are just delightful, don't you think?
10. Do you remember ... people we met last August? I got a letter from them
… morning.

EX12. Complétez, en ajoutant THIS, THAT, THESE ou THOSE, selon le cas. Si aucun de ces
termes ne convient, trouvez une autre solution:

1. (Looking up from the newspaper): Listen to ... ! Do you remember ... fancy sports car I
saw parked on the wharf last week? The paper says it was there as a decoy to keep the
police occupied while a big drug transfer was going on. Isn't ... something?
2. I haven't got ... many friends, but ... I have are worth everything to me.
3. I'd like a piece of ... fabric you've got on the top shelf. How much would I need to cover
an armchair about … wide?
4. Look at ... girls giggling in the back row. … in the brown cardigan lives on my street.

5. 'Mother, I'd like you to meet my friend Isabel. Isabel, … is my mother.' 'Oh' Your
mother looks so much younger than ... of my other friends!'
6. … last few months have been rather difficult for them. I hope that ... to come will be
easier.
7. ... house she has just bought is a lot bigger than ... she lived in as a child.

EX13. Traduisez avec THIS (THESE) et THAT (THOSE):

1. Cet exercice va vous aider à maîtriser l'emploi de this et that.
2. ‘Qu'est-ce qu'il y a à la télévision ce soir?’ ‘Un de ces films sans queue ni tête.’ (without
beginning or end).
3. Je ne peux pas voir cet acteur.
4. C'est si difficile que ça ?
5. C'est impossible de le faire si vite.
6. C'est à toi de décider (up to you).
7. Il a gagné à la loterie. C'est ainsi qu'il est devenu millionnaire.
8. 'II a réussi,’ ‘C'est une bonne nouvelle.'
9. Voilà ce qu'il a dit: 'Partir ou rester, c'est toute la question.'
10. Il a refusé de venir. C'est pourquoi je suis triste.

EX14. Complétez par SOME ou ANY. Si les deux sont possibles, expliquez la différence:

1. He refuses to answer ... questions.
2. Isn't there ... way to please her?
3. What is the use of taking ... more lessons?
4. You can cash these traveller's cheques at ... bank.
5. If ... man alive can make him change his mind, it is you.
6. Come and see us ... weekend this month.
7. ... of my socks are missing. Did I leave ... at the laundry, do you suppose?

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8. Why don't you wear ... earrings?
9. Didn't I give you ... money yesterday? You can't have spent it already!
10. Haven't I offered you ...thing to drink? How absent-minded I'm getting!

EX15. Complétez les phrases avec SOME ou ANY:

1. If there are … words you don't understand, look them up in your dictionary.
2. He is broke: he doesn't have … money left.
3. 'You seem to be having … problems.' 'It’s all right, thanks. I can manage.'
4. If you have … more trouble, please let me know.
5. Can I have … cream in my coffee, please?
6. Come … time you want.
7. There's … very good white wine in the fridge.
8. We don't want … problems.
9. The thing is, we can't take … risks.
10. All animals are equal but … are more equal than others (George Orwell)

EX16. Complétez les phrases avec un composé de SOME ou ANY:

1. Don't let … in. I'm too busy
2. It's very easy to find: … can tell you how to get here.
3. 'What did he say?' ‘… about not being his job.'
4. He lives … in Australia now.
5. 'Where shall I sit?' ‘… will do.'
6. You didn't say … about that !
7. … told me you were going to divorce: is that true?
8. Never mind, you'll find … else, … better maybe.
9. He didn't have … to stay: he slept in the park.
10. I don't suppose you've ever seen … like this before.

EX17. Ajoutez A lorsque c'est nécessaire:

1. Can you lend me … little money ?

2. The play was a flop: … few people understood what it was all about.
3. She's diet-conscious: she puts … little butter in her cooking.
4. She'll be here in … few minutes.
5. Please give me … little water.
6. There’s … little hope of rescuing them alive.
7. We might put … few ads in the local paper.
8. How about … little more pepper in it?
9. Hurry up I have … little time to spare.
10. Many are called but … few are chosen.

EX18. Complétez avec FEW / A FEW / LITTLE / A LITTLE:

1. There is ... chance of ever finding the climbers who got lost in the storm.
2. There are still ... American prisoners left in Afghanistan.
3. Astronomy is such a difficult subject that ... people study it.
4. There is enough room in the back for ... luggage.
5. Give him ... time and he'll find the answer.

EX19. Employez MUCH, MANY, LITTLE ou FEW précédés d'un adverbe (very / so / too):
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1. This is a very good car: it requires … maintenance.
2. It was an excellent film: it's a shame … TV viewers watched it.
3. He has drunk … beer that he is sick now.
4. … people can afford such holidays
5. There were … complaints that they had to give the people their money back.
6. You spend … time playing video games, you should read more.
7. Dutch is spoken in … countries
8. I really didn’t enjoy myself … .
9. The pollution was at its peak : there had been …. rain to cleanse the air.
10. They had to close down the hotel: there had been … tourists that summer.

EX20. Employez A LOT OF, MANY ou MUCH dans les phrases suivantes:

1. How … stars are there on the American flag?
2. He never eats … at breakfast.
3. There is … work to be done.
4. Is there … work to be done?
5. Have you got … pets?
6. He spends … money on clothes.
7. … people think that this was ‘… ado about nothing'
8. We had … difficulty finding his house.
9. … time was wasted waiting for people who arrived late.
10. I wish he wouldn't come: he is one too … on this trip.

EX21. Posez les questions correspondant aux segments soulignés:

1. He makes more than $ 6,000 a month.
2. They've won four matches so far.
3. I’m expecting five more people.
4. It weighs four tons.
5. You can borrow three books.

EX22.Traduisez:

1. Il parle trop.
2. J'ai besoin d'un peu de temps pour réfléchir (think it over).
3. Tu auras largement assez de temps pour ça.
4. Elle a de la chance, elle a peu de problèmes.
5. Il y a encore trop de braconniers (poachers) en Afrique.
6. Trop de déchets (waste) sont jetés (dump) à la mer.
7. Très peu de femmes sont chefs d'État.
8. Comment se fait-il que (How come .. ) tant de gens aiment cette publicité?
9. Elle n'a pas dit grand-chose de leur rencontre. (She said very.)
10. "Combien en voulez-vous ?” “ Juste quelques-unes.”

EX23. Insérez le déterminant qui convient parmi la liste suivante (mais tous ne seront
pas utilisés) Ø, THE, A /AN, SOME, ANY, NO, MUCH, MANY.

1. It's ... long time since we had such ... lovely weather.
2. Do have ... fruit? ... bananas are rather green, but ... oranges are very juicy.

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3. … Professor Smith is an authority on … treatment of ... cancer by a new method that
was mentioned on TV ... last night.
4. … fox has disappeared from ... south of France.
5. Don't give them too ... information.
6. … Greenland is not the coldest place on earth.
7. Why don't you study ... Chinese history?

EX24. Expliquez la différence de sens entre les deux phrases:

1. She went out with some boy. / She went out with some boys.
2. Isn't there any beer in the cellar? / Isn't there some beer in the cellar?
3. I have never met any of those people. / I have never met some of those people.
4. She generally smokes a cigarette after lunch. / She generally smokes one cigarette
after lunch.
5. The cat ate the whole fish. / The cat ate all the fish.
6. Whole chapters of the book will have to be rewritten. / AIl the chapters of the book
will have to be rewritten.
7. Every three verses, we sang in unison. / We sang all three verses in unison.
8. Little time will be required to finish the job. / A little time will be required to finish the
job.
9. No lawyer would take on that case. / Any lawyer would not take on that case.
10. I’m prepared to comply with every request you make. / I’m prepared to comply with
any request you make.

EX25. Traduisez avec EACH / EVERY / ALL / THE WHOLE:

1. Est-ce que tout va bien?
2. Il se plaint toute la journée.
3. The Economist paraît toutes les semaines.
4. Tout le monde n'a pas un ordinateur.
5. Chacun d'entre vous sait ce qui s'est passé.
6. Tu as lu ce livre en entier ?
7. Toute la France a regardé la finale.
8. Tous les hommes sont mortels.
9. Ça marche à tous les coups.
10. Toutes les fois que je le vois, je pense à mon père.
11. Ce jour-là, il a plu toute la matinée.
12. Toute l'essence a pris feu d'un seul coup.
13. Ils ont emporté tous les meubles.
14. L'usine fabrique des puddings de Noël toute l'année.
15. La marque est connue dans le monde entier.

EX26 Quantificateurs divers. Choisissez la forme qui convient:

1. . .. artists earn ... money.
a) The / a little b) Ø / little c) All / few

2. l'Il give you ... butter in exchange for ... eggs.
a) little / any b) the whole / some c) All / a few

3. Use ... tweezers to remove ... splinter from your foot.
a) a / that b) Ø / the c) a pair of / one

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4, ... committee eventually reached an agreement, ... ?
a) The / didn't they b) The whole / didn't it c) A few / didn't they

5. The boat pitched dangerously, but ... crew came to the helm and mastered … .
a) all the / that b) both / it c) three / her

6. … series of problems … more difficult than … we were given yesterday.
a) Those / were / these b) This / is / the one c) Such / are / that

7. The news ... very good. Have you heard ... ?
a) are / them b) isn't / it c) sound / any

8. ... people speak ... English as ... second language.
a) Some / the / their b) Many / Ø / a c) A lot of / in / Ø

9. … sound advice can be more valuable than ... gold in China at … times.
a) Ø / all / some b) A piece of / much / Ø c) Some / all the / such

EX27. Traduisez:

1. Aucun d'entre eux n'a rien vu.

2. Moi, je n'ai vu aucun d'entre eux.
3. Personne n'a aimé aucun des deux films.
4. Personne d'entre nous n'a aimé aucun des deux films.
5. Des fautes d'impression? Non, je n'en ai vu aucune.
6. Il ne boit aucune espèce d'alcool.
7. Aucune nouvelle n'atteint jamais ces régions reculées.
8. Il n'y avait nulle part aucune trace de vie.
9. Moi non plus, je n'ai rien dit.
10. Rien ne change jamais.
11. Aucun homme ne pourra jamais rien comprendre aux femmes.

LES SUBORDONNEES RELATIVES

I. Propositions subordonnées relatives

Les pronoms relatifs (who, whom, which, that, ø) introduisent des propositions
subordonnées relatives qui peuvent être :

* déterminatives (ou indispensables, ou restrictives), c'est-à-dire qu'elles apportent
une information nécessaire à l'identification de l'antécédent.

ex : I am looking for a plumber who would agree to work on weekends.
(Bien que possible, la phrase n'aurait pas le même sens si on supprimait la relative. C'est
bien un plombier qui accepte de travailler le week-end que je cherche et pas un
seulement un plombier.)

* appositives (ou non-indispensables, ou non-restrictives), c'est-à-dire qu'elles
n'apportent qu'une information complémentaire sur l'antécédent, qui n'empêcherait pas

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l'identification de celui-ci si on la supprimait. Elles sont le plus souvent entre des
virgules.

ex : My brother, who is in England, studies English.

(Le fait que mon frère soit en Angleterre ne change rien à son identification. Si on
enlevait la relative, on saurait toujours de qui je parle.)

EX1.

Soulignez les propositions subordonnées relatives et indiquez si elles sont déterminatives
(D) ou appositives (A).

1. The road that runs along the river is blocked.
2. The proposed limits, which apply only to new power plants, will have no immediate
effect on carbon emissions.
3. For the Atis, who claim to be the original inhabitants of Boracay in the Philippines,
life is a daily struggle.
4. Phytophthora ramorum is a fungus-like disease that causes extensive damage and
death to trees.
5. In 2006, after her father was diagnosed with the incurable neurodegenerative
disorder Huntington's disease – which causes involuntary, uncontrollable
movements, along with severe cognitive problems – she tested positive for it too.

EX2.

Inventez trouvez des exemples de phrases en anglais contenant des propositions
subordonnées relatives déterminatives et appositives (un exemple pour chaque catégorie).

D : ...................................................................................................................................................................
A : ...................................................................................................................................................................

II. Who, which, that, whom

Who réfère toujours à un antécédent animé.
ex : I met the man who wrote that book.

That peut être utilisé pour référer à un antécédent non animé ou animé, mais
seulement dans les propositions relatives déterminatives.

ex : The house that is next to the park is ours.
I met the man that wrote that book. (plus familier)
*My brother, that lives in England, studies English.
-> My brother, who lives in England, studies English.

Which réfère toujours à un antécédent non animé.
ex : The house which is next to the park is ours. (D)
Our house, which we bought 10 years ago, is next to the park. (A)
* Our house, that we bought 10 years ago, is next to the park. (A)

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Which peut aussi reprendre l'ensemble de ce qui le précède.
ex : He once told me I was an idiot, which I never forgot.

Whom réfère au complément animé du verbe de la relative.
ex : The girl whom he met last week is very nice.

(Si on décompose : He met a girl last week. She is very nice. -> "a girl" est bien COD de
"met".)
The old lady wearing a black suit, whom you have already met, was a famous actress.

Whom ne peut être remplacé par that que dans le premier exemple, car la subordonnée
est appositives dans le deuxième.

EX3. Complétez ces phrases avec le pronom relatif qui convient.

1. This book, ............. I'm about to read for the third time, is my favourite.
2. The man ................ you laughed at last night is my father.
3. I soon learned to say as little as possible, meanwhile doing my best to cultivate a
London or ‘Cockney’ accent, ............ my parents took great pains both to prevent
and to correct.
4. Peter, .......... made his fortune in the family wallpaper business, was a generous,
demonstrative and easy-going stepfather.
5. A study ................. followed 118, 962 people for nearly 30 years revealed that
people ........... regularly ate nuts were less likely to be overweight.

EX4. Reliez ces phrases à l'aide d'un pronom relatif (plusieurs solutions sont possibles).

1. A stork was detained by Egyptian police on suspicion of spying. It was killed and
eaten only days after its release.
2. Sophie Hannah is to write a new Poirot novel 93 years after Christie first
introduced him in The Mysterious Affair at Styles and 38 years after she killed
him off in Curtain. Sophie Hannah is the bestselling writer of contemporary
psychological crime.
3. Colombus planted the New World's first sugarcane in Hispaniola. Hispaniola was
the site of the great slave revolt a few hundred years later.
4. Florence Nightingale established nursing as a respectable profession for women.
She became famous for her work in the military hospitals of the Crimea in the
1850s.
5. Women played a vital role in the campaign to abolish the slave trade in Britain.
The slave trade lasted more than 200 years.

III. ø

D'une façon générale, on peut se passer du pronom relatif lorsqu'il n'est pas sujet de la
relative, mais on ne peut pas le supprimer dans les appositives.

ex : The people that/whom we met at the beach were from San Diego. -> The people ø we
met at the beach were from San Diego.
The house that is next to the park is ours. -> The house ø is next to the park is ours.
The program that you watched last night was on BBC4. -> The program ø you watched
last night was on BBC4.

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 The powerful woman who they talked about was Sonia Gandhi. -> The powerful woman
ø they talked about was Sonia Ghandi.
IV. ø ou that

That peut aussi introduire une proposition subordonnée complétive (= qui a une
fonction de nom dans la phrase comme sujet ou COD, COI, CDN, etc...)
ex : I think that you are wrong.

En général dans ce cas, that peut être omis (puisqu'il n'est pas sujet de la subordonnée),
mais avec les verbes "answer", "accept", "argue", "object", on préfère le garder.
ex : They answered that they didn't know the man in the photograph.
Recent studies argue that we don’t need to worry about the rising healthcare costs of our
ageing population

mais : Catherine said (that) she had always and would always love Heathcliff.


EX5. Est-il possible de supprimer "that" dans ces phrases?

1. Some studies suggest that there are measurable physiological differences between
people who are easily hypnotised and those not so susceptible to hypnosis.
2. A man who has just been found after missing for four days says that he was held
prisoner.
3. Several pre-Socratic philosophers believed that the world was flat.
4. I must admit that my first few days in my new home were quite strange and a little
frightening.
5. An overwhelming majority of Americans accept that global warming is real and
caused by humans.

Thème grammatical

1. C'est un des rares livres que j'ai lus deux fois.
2. C'est un train qui va deux fois plus vite que n'importe quelle voiture.
3. Je ne trouve plus le cadeau que m'ont offert les enfants pour la fête des mères.
4. Tu es la seule personne qui me comprenne.
5. Les enfants avec lesquels Kim joue sont les voisins de David.
6. Le film dont je te parle n'est jamais sorti aux Etats-Unis.
7. J'ai acheté quatre romans, dont un de Margaret Atwood.
8. Il y avait plus de 400 personnes à bord, dont une majorité de journalistes.
9. Tout ce qui brille n'est pas de l'or.
10. Ne t'en fais pas, je te raconterai tout ce qu'il me dira.
11. Te souviens-tu du jour où nous nous sommes rencontrés?
12. Ce film, qui s'adresse aux moins de 16 ans, explique les dangers du tabac.
13. Sa tante, qui ne l'avait jamais aimé, était une femme riche sans héritiers.
14. Dis-moi le nom de la personne à qui je ressemble.

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