PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

PIPE 5.1
13. The cooling water leaves the condenser at 60 deg. C. and leaves
1. A window type air conditioner is rated with compressor power of the cooling tower at 35 deg.C. What is the cooling tower
1 hp. The unit has an EER of 11.1. Compute the maximum cooling efficiency considering the ambient air at 35 deg.C DB and 28
capacity of the unit in TOR. deg. C. WB?.
A. 0.55 C. 0.69 A. 65.32 C. 78
B. 0.65 D. 0.75 B. 90 D. 54.45
2. The _ _ can only be effectively employed in industrial 14. Chemicals are not added to tower water to reduce
processes that have a relatively constant refrigeration load A. algae C. cycles of concentration
A. hand expansion valve C. automatic expansion valve B. foaming D. bacteria
B. thermal expansion valve D. electric expansion valve
15. What is the COP of the refrigerator whose energy supply equals
one-fourth the amount of heat it extracts?
3. If the conditioned space receives 80,000 kg of air per hour and air
A. 3 C. 5
supply temperature rises by about 10 deg. C and air picks up latent
B. 4 D. 2
heat of approximately 150,000 Watts. Calculate the sensible heat
factor of the system.
16. Wet material containing 240% moisture (dry basis) is to be dried
A. 0.597 C. 0.574
at the rate of 2.0 kg/s in a continuous dryer to give a product
B. 0.321 D. 0.843
containing 7%(dry basis). How much is the moisture removed?
A. 4934.12 kg/hr C. 6542.54 kg/hr
4. The device used to transfer forces across a sealed boundary is
B. 5427.25 kg/hr D. 4643.32 kg/hr
called a
A. seat C. needle
17. The refrigerant in an absorber changes phase from a vapor to a
B. port D. diaphragm
liquid in the_
5. The device used to minimize the effects of a large pressure drop A. evaporator C. rectifier
across the evaporator is called a(n)_ _ B. absorber D. generator
A. diaphragm C. internal equalizer
18. The weak solution in an absorber develops in the _ _
B. external equalizer D. none of the above
A. evaporator C. condenser
6. Calculate the air flow in ft3/min of mechanical ventilation required B. absorber D. generator
to exhaust an accumulation of refrigerant due to leaks of the
system capable of revolving air from the machinery room for a 19. To keep the noise at desired level, a circular duct of 40 cm is
mass of 9 lbs refrigerant. selected to carry air in an air-conditioned space at a velocity of
A. 300 C. 260 440 rn/min. If this duct is to be replaced by a rectangular duct of
B. 170 D. 320 aspect ratio 1.5, compute what is the size of rectangular duct for
equal friction method when the velocity of air in two ducts is
7. An amount of air with dry bulb temperature of 35 deg.C wet bulb same?
temperature of 28 deg. C is passed through an air conditioner and A. 45 cm X 30 cm C. 60 cm X 25 cm
exhaust at a DB temperature of 24 deg. C and RH of 50% . B. 40 cm x 35 cm D. 50 cm x 25 cm
Cooling coil temperature is approximately 18 deg. C. Determine
the by-pass factor of the air conditioning system. 20. The strong solution in an absorber develops in the _ _
A. 0.68 C. 0.45 A. evaporator C. condenser
B. 0.76 D. 0.35 B. absorber D. generator
21.An HVAC engineer has given the following data to be air
8. As the amount of scale on the refrigerant tubes of an evaporative
conditioned: room sensible heat gain 50,000 Btu/hr. Room latent
condenser increase, the amount of make up water _ _
heat gain 10,000 Btu/hr. Outside condition 95 deg. F DB and 75
A. increases C. decreases
deg.F WB, inside condition 50 deg. F. Considering a factor of
B. remains the same D. varies
safety of 10%, calculate the required refrigeration tonnage?
A. 5.5 C. 2.5
9. What is the free-aperture cross-section for the ventilation of a
B. 1.5 D. 3.5
machinery room if the mass of refrigerant is 16 kg?
A. 0.232 m2 C. 0.455 m2 22. As the evaporator temperature of a system using a straight
B. 0.552 m2 D. 0.542 m2 liquid-charged sensing bulb decreases, the superheat of the TXV
(thermostatic expansion valve)_ _
10. As the cycles of concentration in a tower or evaporative A. increases C. decreases
condenser increases, the potential for scale formation on hot B. remains constant D. varies
surfaces
- - -
A. increases C. decreases 23. The maximum operating pressure of an evaporator can be limited
B. remains the same D. varies through the use of a _ sensing bulb.
A. liquid cross-charge
1 l.A coillillercial air-conditioner is rated by means of its energy B. straight gas charge
efficiency ratio (EER). Calculate the approximate EER for a C. gas cross-charge
certain air-conditioner with a cooling capacity of 4 kW and D. straight gas charge and gas cross-charge
requires 1000 W?
A. 13.65 C. 13.43 24. Copra enters a dryer containing 75% moisture and leaves at 6%
B. 14.80 D. 10.42 moisture. How much is the moisture removed on each pound of
solid in final product?
12. Tower fill is not used to increase the A. 6.325 lb C. 4.243 lb
A. surface area of water B. 1.753 lb D. 2.936 lb
B. time the water is exposed to the air
C. velocity of the atmosphere
D. tower drift
 PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING
25. Which type of low-side pressure regulator is used to prevent a
compressor from overloading?
38. Which style valve produces the least change in the saturation
A. low-side float
temperature of refrigerant flowing through it?
B. EPR (Evaporator Pressure Regulator)
A. globe C. gate
C. SPR (Suction Pressure Regulator)
B. check D. angle
D. OROA (Open Rise Outlet Across)
39.A 10-stages air compressor compresses air from 100 kPa to 800
26. Which type of control requires a control differential?
kPa. Calculate the pressure between the first and second stage.
A. throttling
A. 352.45 kPa C. 123.11 kPa
B. modulating
B. 243.21 kPa D. 143.82 kPa
C. two-position
D. throttling and two-position
40. A device used as a visual indicator of the charge in a
refrigeration system is a_ _
27. A rectangular duct section 35 cm x 50 cm size carries 75 m3 per
A. sight glass C. pressure switch
minute of air having a density of 1.15 kg/m3. If the friction factor
B. drier D. strainer
of sheet metal is 0.01 compute the pressure loss per 100 m length
of duct.
41. Which pressure regulating valve maintains a low limit in an
A. 29 Illill ofH2O C. 24 mm ofH2O
evaporator?
B. 19 Illill ofH2O D. 543 mm ofH2O
A. OROA (Open Rise Outlet Across)
B. SPR (Suction Pressure Regulator)
28. _ _ is a device used to remove acids from a system after a burn­
C. ORI (Open Rise Inlet)
out
D. EPR (Evaporator Pressure Regulator)
A. receiver C. suction line heat exchanger
B. suction filter-drier D. oil separator
42. Air flows in a duct at pressure of 150 kPa with a velocity of 200
29.A refrigeration system consumed 28,800 kW-hr per month of mis. The temperature of the air is 37 deg.C. What is the isentropic
energy. Energy lost due to cooling system of compressor is 20%. stagnation temperature?
Compute the tons of refrigeration of the system if the COP is 6 A. 354 C. 278
and the motor efficiency is 90%. B. 323 D. 320
A. 42.25 TR C. 49.15 TR
43.A 3-stages air compressor compresses air from 100 kPa to 700
B. 37.12 TR D. 48.25 TR
kPa. Calculate the intercooler pressure between the 2nd and 3rd
stage.
30. Which type of metering device is used in heat pump
A. 365.88 kPa C. 325.69 kPa
applications?
B. 343.78 kPa D. 324.68 kPa
A. low-side float C. high-side float
B. short tube restrictor D. capillary tube
44. Which type of metering device is has a critical length dimension?
A. low-side float C. high-side float
31.A 23 tons refrigeration system has a heat rejected of 100 kW.
B. short tube restrictor D. capillary tube
Compute the energy efficiency ratio of the system.
A. 6.87 C. 12.64 45. Calculate the specific speed of a double-overhung impulse-turbine
B. 14.42 D. 15.54 operating at 20,000 hp and 275 rpm under a net head of 1100 ft.
A. 4.34 C. 7.35
32. If the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration system is 12.6,
B. 40.87 D. 2.43
Calculate the COP of the system.
A. 3.69 C. 2.65 46. If a compressor has more capacity than the evaporator, the
B. 5.75 D. 4.54 saturated suction pressure will be_ _design conditions.
A. greater than C. less than
33. Which of the following is not a consideration when selecting a B. the same as D. identical
cap tube for an application?
A. condenser pressure C. evaporator pressure 47.A refrigeration system produces 20 kg/hr of ice from water at 20
B. heat of compression D. flow rate of refrigerant deg.C. Find the tonnage of the unit.
A. 0.66 C. 0.54
34.A rectangular duct section 35 cm x 50 cm size carries 75 m3 / min
B. 0.87 D. 0.92
of air having density of 1.15 kg/m3. How much is the equivalent
diameter of circular duct if the quantity of air carried in both cases
48. Determine the mass of ice produced from water per day for the
is the same?
following given conditions: Water temperature is 22 deg. C,
A. 0.35 Ill C. 0.46 Ill
tonnage of the unit is 150 tons, operating temperature is 22 deg.
B. 0.54 m D. 0.68 m
C, tonnage of unit is 150 tons, operating temperatures are - 5 deg.
C and 28 deg. C, latent heat of ice is 330 kJ/kg.
35. By what factor does the pump head change if the speed of a
A. 107,498 kg C. 142,653 kg
centrifugal pump is doubled?
B. 143,432 kg D. 187,454 kg
A. 1/6 C. 1/4
B. 4 D. 9
49. Which of the following methods cannot be used for oil level
equalization between multiple compressors operating in parallel?
36.A three stages air compressor air from 100 kPa to 1000 kPa. What
A. a crankcase pressure equalizing tube along with an oil
is the intercooler pressure between the first and second stage?
equalizing tube
A. 514.57 kPa C. 652.54 kPa
B. oil level controls on each crankcase fed from an oil receiver
B. 562.45 kPa D. 215.44 kPa
C. a single pipe located below the oil level in the crankcases
D. all of the above
37.As the subcooling of the refrigerant increases, the flow through a
high-side float_ _
A. increases C. decreases
B. remain the same D. varies
 PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING
SO.A building is to be heated and ventilated. Air is to be supplied to 59. Refrigerant piping is designed and installed in a manner that_
a room 12 m by 18 m from the outside at the rate of 1 m 3 /min air A. minimizes refrigerant pressure losses in the connecting
replacement for each square meter of floor space. The design p1pmg
condition includes 20 deg. C room temperature and - 20 deg. C B. ensures the continuous return of oil to the compressor
outside air temperature. In addition, the pressure in the room is to crankcase
be maintained at a positive pressure of 7 kPa, to ensure that there C. prevents liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor
will be no air leakage into the laboratory. Calculate, how much during start-up
heat would be required to condition the air for this room? D. all of the above
A. 132.ll kW C. 154.7 kW
B. 154.8 kW D. 185.3 kW 60.A receiver tank is used to
A. hold the excess refrigerant during lighter loads
B. collect oil from the base of a riser
C. separate liquid from vapor refrigerant
PIPE 5.2 D. all of the above

61. One kilogram of air is compressed adiabatically and in a steady­

51. As a general rule, the external equalizer connection is made on flow manner. Compute the heat if the compression efficiency is
the suction line approximately _ _ beyond the expansion 80% and the work done on the air is 265 kJ/kg.
valve's sensing bulb in the direction of the compressor. A. 230 kJ/kg C. 0 kJ/kg
A. 24 in C. 60 cm B. 120 kJ/kg D. 342.75kJ/kg
B. 24 in or 60 cm D. neither of the above
62. Which fitting produces the greatest pressure drop?
52. What should be the cooling requirement due to emission of A. 90 degree standard elbow C. 45degree standard elbow
human body to maintain a comfortable temperature in a dance B. 90 degree street ell D. 45degree street ell
hall with an attendance of 1500 people of which 75% of the 63. About 3 hp per ton is required to maintain a temperature of - 40
people will be dancing and others will be seated? Take note that deg. C in a refrigerator. Compute the heat rejected to the sink per
an adult will give off 71.8 W of sensible heat while engaging in ton of refrigeration if the refrigerator works on the reverse Carnot
moderate dancing, and 57.1 W of sensible heat while sitting. The cycle.
latent heat emissions for similar situations are 177.3 W for A. 47.65 kCal/min C. 81.61 kCal/min
dancers and 45.5 W for sitters. B. 80.15 kCal/min D. 84.76 kCal/min
A. 243 kW C. 325 kW
B. 424 kW D. 319 kW 64. The device used in a control loop to measure the controlled
variable is called a
A. controlled device C. summing junction
53. Which sensing bulb charge 1s used in low and medium­ B. controller D. sensor
temperature applications that do not require pressure limiting
characteristics? 65. An air compressor consumed 1200 kw-hr per day of energy. If
A. liquid cross-charge C. straight liquid charge the electric motor driving the compressor has an efficiency of
B. gas cross-charge D. straight gas charge 80%, find the mechanical efficiency of the compressor knowing
that the indicated power of the compressor is 34 kW.
54. In one hour, three hundred kJ of heat flow by conduction from A. 105% C. 85%
the outside to the inside of a cold storage. If the temperature and B. 72% D. 92 %
all other conditions are the same, how much is the heat flowing
through the cold storage room in two hours? 66. If the thermal capacitance of a process is low, the control
A. 600 kJ C. 500 kJ differential must be_ to prevents short-cycling of the
B. 700 kJ D. 1,340 kJ compressor
55. Which of the following changes may increase the flashing in a A. increased
liquid line? B. decreased
A. increasing the subcooling C. Changing the differential has no bearing on short-cycling
B. increasing the pipe diameter D. identical
C. decreasing the pipe length
D. decreasing the line diameter 67.As the amount of saturated air drawn back into a tower decreases,
the tower approach_
56. The heat pump has a performance factor of 8.0. If the heat pump A. increases C decreases
is used as a refrigerator, what is the required horsepower per ton B. remains the same D. varies
of refrigeration ?
A. 0.447 C. 0.554 68. Which of the following is not considered when determining the
B. 0.843 D. 0.673 pressure drop available for a TXV (thermostatic expansion
57.As the refrigeration load decreases, the amount of refrigerant valve)_ _?
catering through-flow receiver
_ _ A. distributor C. refrigerant pressure
A. increases C. decreases B. changes in elevation D. filters
B. remains the same D. varies
69.As the amount of superheat in a system using a straight liquid­
58. The suction pressure of a 4-stage compressor is 140 kPa. It charged sensmg bulb mcreases, the needle of the
compresses air at the rate of 15 m3 /min, clearance is about 8% and TXV(thermostatic expans10n valve)_ _ _ the flow of
200 rpm. The compressor discharges compressed air at a pressure refrigerant
of 1000 kPa. Determine the ideal pressure at the first stage A. increases C. decreases
intercooler considering that the compressor uses inter cooling. B. does not change D. varies
A. 228.87 kPa C. 655.45 kPa
B. 354.57 kPa D. 424.45 kPa 70. Which type of metering device can be used in multiple flooded
evaporator applications?
A. low-side float C. high-side float
B. short tube restrictor D. capillary tube
 PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING
71. Which type of metering device can be used to create a check valve 82.A circular cylinder 4 feet long and 3 feet in diameter is in air
in a heat pump system? stream. The flow velocity is 5 ft/sec perpendicular to the axis of
A. low-side float C. high-side float the cylinder. Given that the coefficient of drag, CD, on the
B. short tube restrictor D. capillary tube cylinder is 1.3, and the density of air is 0.00234 slug/ft 3, what is
the force on the cylinder?
72. A refrigerator is rated at one ton capacity maintains a cooling A. 0.09 lbf C. 0.46 !bf
temperature of 4.4 deg.C (evaporator temperature). A refrigerant B. 0.ll lbf D. 0.91 lbf
with a refrigerating effect of 136 kJ/kg is in the condenser just
83. Which type of control requires a control differential?
ahead of the expansion valve. If the refrigerant vapor has a
A. throttling C. two-position
density of 19.80 kg/m3, calculate the capacity of the compressor?
B. modulating D. throttling and modulating
A. 0.078 m3 I min C. 0.128 m3 / min
B. 0.054 m3 I min D. 0.079m3/min. 84. When the pressure on the high-pressure side of the system
decreases below the high-limit set point _ _ the control
73. Which type of metering device can be used in packaged air-
differential, an auto-resetting high-pressure control closes the
conditioning units?
control circuit to the condensing unit, enabling the compressor
A. short tube restrictor
A. plus C. minus
B. short tube restrictor and capillary tube
B. times D. divide
C. capillary tube
D. low side float
85. Which method of compressor capacity control does not produce a
reduction in condensing power requirements when the compressor
74. Which of the following system characteristics does not affect the
capacity is decreased?
flow rate through a stationary short tube restrictor?
A. cylinder unloading C. variable speed drives
A. condenser pressure C. subcooling
B. multiple compressor D. hot gas bypass
B. orifice size D. fluid direction
86. A hot gas bypass valve responds to changes in the system's
75. Which of the following system changes has the least effect on the
_pressure
flow rate through a stationary short tube restrictor?
A. liquid line C. suction
A. rise in condenser pressure
B. discharge D. none of the above
B. increase in subcooling
C. decrease in evaporator pressure
87.As the difference between the cut - in and cut - out pressures
D. fixed condenser pressure
mcreases,_ _
A. the range increases and short-cycling increases
76. Which type of intercooler mixes the liquid refrigerant from the
B. the range increases and short-cycling decreases
condenser with the discharge vapor of the lower stage
C. the range decreases and cycling is unaffected
compressor?
D. the range decreases and short-cycling increases
A. open C. shell and coil
B. dry expansion D. none of the above
88.As the load of a refrigeration system increases, the on cycle of the
compressor_ _
77. Which of the following systems has the most complicated oil
A. increases C decreases
return system?
B. remains the same D. approaches zero
A. direct staged C. cascade
B. ammonia absorption D. lithium bromide absorption
89.Intercoolers are devices used in direct staged system to
_ _
A. increase the temperature of the liquid refrigerant leaving the
78. Air flows past a 2" diameter sphere at 100 ft/sec. What is the
condenser
drag force experienced by the sphere given that it has a
B. reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant leaving the
coefficient of drag of 0.5 and that the density of the air is 0.00234
condenser
slug/ft3?
C. reduce the pressure of the vapor entering a higher stage
A. 0.043 !bf C. 0.128 !bf
compressor
B. 0.069 lbf D. 0.434 lbf
D. reduce the temperature of the vapor entering higher stage
compressor
79.Discharge line lubricant separators are not usually employed in
systems
_ _
90. The type of unit that incorporates several stages of compression
A. operating at low temperatures
using different refrigerants is called a_ system
B. utilizing non-oil returning evaporators
A. direct expansion C. cascade
C. systems with a small range of capacity control
B. absorption D. direct stage
D. They are used in all of the above systems
91. Which refrigerant is not used in the high stage of a cascade
80. Which of the following high-side pressure regulators operates on
system?
an increase in differential pressure?
A. R-23 C. R-22
A. ORI (Open Rise Inlet)
B. R-717 D. R-134a
B. ODO
C. OROA (Open Rise Outlet Across)
92. The flow cycle for the refrigerant in an absorption chiller is_
D. none of the above
A. from the condenser to the absorber to the evaporator to the
generator
81. Which of the following system characteristics is not needed when
B. from the condenser to the generator to the absorber to the
selecting the proper water regulating valve for a water-cooled
evaporator
application?
C. from the condenser to the evaporator to the absorber to the
A. the necessary flow rate of water
generator
B. the condensing pressure
D. from the condenser to the absorber to the generator to the
C. the available water pressure drop
evaporator
D. the minimum ambient temperature
 PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING
93. The refrigerant in an absorber releases its high pressure latent heat
of condensation in the
A. evaporator C. condenser
B. absorber D. generator

94. The temperature difference of a wastewater-cooled condenser is

_ _ _ that of a recirculated water system.
A. greater than C.. less than
B. equal to D. fixed

95. The surface area of the tubes in a water-cooled condenser

must
_ _ _ if the LMTD is less than the design value and the
saturated temperature is to remain constant
A. be increased C. be decreased
B. remain the same D. vary

96.A measure of the average thermal intensity of the gas and vapor
molecules in the atmosphere is the_ _
A. DB temperature C. DP temperature
B. WB temperature D. enthalpy

97.A measure of the amount of water vapor that can be absorbed by

the atmosphere under its current conditions is called_
A. DB temperature C. DP temperature
B. WB temperature D. relative humidity

98.A 26-hp pump is to deliver 475 gpm of gasoline at 20°C.

Calculate the resulting pressure rise across the pump if it is 78%
efficient. Note: the density of gasoline is 42.5 lb/cu. ft
A. 45.2 psi C. 54.8 psi
B. 82.5 psi D. 73.2 psi
99. The ratio of the current partial pressure of the water vapor in the
atmosphere to the saturation pressure of the water vapor at the
current DB depression is called the _ _
A. DB depression C. DP temperature
B. WB temperature D. relative humidity

100.The saturation temperature of the water vapor in the atmosphere

is called- - -

A. DB temperature C. DP temperature
B. WB temperature D. Relative humidity