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Applied
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Fourth Quarter
Lesson 5: Finding Answers through Data Collection, Analyzing the
Meaning of Data and Drawing Conclusions
Ms. Ma. Kristina B. Dalangin, Mr. Renz Paulo B. Rodriguez
Subject Teachers
General Instructions:
1. READ and FOLLOW the instructions very carefully before starting anything.
2. Perform all the activities diligently to help and guide you in understanding the topic.
3. Complete all the required outputs. Use yellow paper for your answers. Please be guided by the activities to
accomplish and the corresponding date of submission presented in the table below.
Activities to Accomplish Date of Preparation Date of Submission
Lesson 5: Research and Inquiry
Enrichment: WriteShop March 7-18, 2022 March 21, 2022
Evaluation: Analysis and Interpretation of Data
4. Submit your output on time (weekly, every Monday). All sheets for submission should be properly labeled
and fastened or stapled placed in a long plastic envelope.
Label:
Name: (complete, real name) Subject:
Grade and Section: Subject Teacher:
5. Unreasonable failure to submit requirements on time will affect checking and grading procedures.

LESSON 5: Finding Answers through Data Collection,

Analyzing the Meaning of Data and Drawing Conclusions

5
Lesson 5: Finding Answers through Data Collection, Analyzing the Meaning of Data and
Drawing Conclusions
Learning Targets:
 Determine the parts and contents of the Chapter III, IV, and V of the research manuscript.
 Explain the process of gathering and collecting data for the research study.
 Learn how to present, interpret, and analyze the collected data.
 Learn how to draw conclusions and provide recommendations based on the analysis of the research
findings.
INTRODUCTION

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In a qualitative and quantitative research, your interest lies in people’s thoughts and feelings about
a certain subject matter. Your curiosity about such topic bombards your mind with several
questions. Finding answers to your questions is possible through these theoretically based data-
collection methods: interview, or survey through questionnaires. Obtaining data through these
methods requires you to perform necessary skills or strategies and to follow the right procedure in
conducting a survey through questionnaires.
Using a certain method of collecting and analyzing data, you get to gather varied world
perceptions from different people. Through all these diverse opinions coming from a set of people,
you are able to discover a certain idea or pattern governing the entire data collected. Geared
toward a common theme, idea, or pattern, the collected facts and information are capable of
guaranteeing evidence-based conclusions. Factual data and logically collected ones are
meaningful data to yield valid and credible conclusions.

DISCUSSION: READ AND UNDERSTAND

Read and analyze the content of the lesson.
Chapter III (Conceptual Framework, Design, and Methodology)
A. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The Conceptual Framework guides the researchers on how they will go about their proposed study. The
most common conceptual framework is the IPO (Input-Process-Output) Model of Ralph Tyler.
In the input, the variables involved in the study are included while the process emphasizes the data-
gathering instrument or procedures that the researchers will utilize. Output on the other hand, includes the end-
product, project, or program that will be prepared or proposed by the researchers.
Example:
Conceptual Framework
The study was designed to promote healthy lifestyle among 21st century learners. It used the input-
process model developed by Ralph Tyler. The model consisted of three frames which were discussed on the
succeeding paragraphs.
The first box contains the input of the study which includes the respective profile of the students (age,
sex, grade level, and place of residence); the assessment of extent of their manifestation of healthy lifestyle
relative to healthy diet, physical activities, hygienic habits, health motivation, and stress reduction; and the
comparison of the students’ assessment when grouped according to their profile.
The second box termed process constitutes the data gathering instruments employed in the study which
were questionnaire and interview. Lastly, the third box which is the output comprises the healthy lifestyle
promotion guide proposed by the researchers.
Figure 1 presents the conceptual paradigm of the study.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Profile of the
Student-
Respondents
 Assessment of the
Students’
Survey Questionnaire Healthy Lifestyle
Manifestation of
and Interview Promotion Guide
Health Lifestyle
 Comparison of the
Students’ Responses
when Grouped
according to Profile

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Figure 1
Research Paradigm on the Promotion of Healthy Lifestyle among 21st Century Learners
B. RESEARCH DESIGN
The Research Design describes the method (experimental, historical, or descriptive) to be utilized by the
researchers to fulfill the research endeavor.
Example:
Research Design
The study focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle among 21st century learners. It comprises the
profile of the students, the assessment of their manifestation of healthy lifestyle and the comparison of their
responses when grouped according to profile. The descriptive method of research was utilized in the study.
According to McCombes (2019), descriptive research design aims to accurately and systematically
describe a population, situation or phenomenon. It can answer what, when, where, when and how questions,
but not why questions. It can use a wide variety of quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate one or
more variables. Unlike in experimental research, the researcher does not control or manipulate any of the
variables, but only observes and measures them.
This method was deemed appropriate to use in the study in gathering information because it involves
survey and description of existing facts and conditions in school and involves analysis and interpretation of
data and information collected. The researchers also employed the qualitative – quantitative type of research
design utilizing informal interview and survey questionnaire as data gathering instruments.
C. SUBJECT OF THE STUDY
The section on the Subjects of the Study identifies and describes who the focus of the study is. The
subjects of the study, more often than not, are also the respondents of the study. Furthermore, how the
respondents will be chosen is also explained in this section.
Example:
Subject of the Study
The respondents of the study were 297 students in Padre Vicente Garcia Memorial Academy Inc.
Raosoft method was employed to compute the sample size of the respondents from their total population and
they were selected using stratified random sampling technique. Selected students and teachers were also
interviewed to further substantiate the study.
D. DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT
The section on the Data Gathering Instrument describes what instrument will be used by the researchers
in order to gather the needed information. In this section, the construction, validation, administration of the
instrument, and the scoring of the responses are discussed.
Example:
(Note: This is for the case of qualitative-quantitative study)
Data Gathering Instrument
Before formulating the questionnaire and questions for interview, the researchers conducted library
research and browsed the internet to gather information.
Interview. The interview constituted set of questions formulated to gather the opinion of the respondents
regarding their manifestation of healthy lifestyle. The subject of the interview were the students PVGMA Inc.
Before the conduct of the interview, a letter was made by the researchers asking for their permissions. The
answers given by the subjects were recorded and analyzed by the researchers to substantiate their study.

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Questionnaire. The main data gathering instrument used by the researchers was a questionnaire which
contained two parts. The first part was about the profile of the students; and the second part dealt on their
assessment regarding the extent of their manifestation of healthy lifestyle.
Construction. In the construction of questionnaire, the researchers gathered relevant information based
on the statement of the problem. After the consolidation of information, the researchers made a survey
questionnaire to gather the needed information. The first draft was made and presented to the adviser who gave
some suggestions and recommendations to improve it. The researchers incorporated all suggestions given and
prepared the second draft of the questionnaire. Again, they submitted it to their research adviser who gave them
the permission to reproduce the copies for validation.
Validation. Content validation was done by two experts to validate the items in the questionnaire.
Further revisions were made. All the suggestions for the improvement of the instrument were properly
considered. The researchers presented the validated questionnaires to their adviser for approval and for added
comments and other suggestions. After the suggestions had been incorporated, the last draft of the
questionnaire was finalized.
Administration. To administer the questionnaire, the researchers prepared a letter of request to the
principal of PVGMA Inc. for permission to administer the questionnaires to the students. After the approval of
the principal, the researchers administered the questionnaire personally to the respondents who were requested
to answer with concern, honesty and sincerity. The questionnaires were collected for tallying and
interpretation.
Scoring of responses. After the copies of the questionnaire were retrieved and accomplished, the results
were tallied, tabulated and treated statistically. The researchers made use of a four point scale wherein 1
corresponded to the lowest and 4 as the highest to measure the assessment of the students on their financial
literacy.
The aforementioned scale was as follow:
Scale Scale Range Verbal Interpretation
4 3.50-4.00 Great Extent
3 2.50-3.49 Moderate Extent
2 1.50-2.49 Slight Extent
1 1.00-1.49 Least Extent
E. DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
The section on the Data Gathering Procedure explains comprehensively the step-by-step procedure on
how the data will be gathered. This includes the approval of requests of the concerned individuals.
Example:
Data Gathering Procedure
The initial step undertaken by the researchers in gathering the necessary data in this study was to
secure a letter from the principal requesting the approval for the distribution of questionnaires to the students.
With the approval of the principal and research adviser, the researchers started to personally distribute
the questionnaires to student-respondents. The questionnaires were given to the respondents to give them
ample time to answer the items. The researchers retrieved the answered questionnaires and started tallying and
tabulating the data. Soon after, the data were analyzed and interpreted.
F. STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA
The section on the Statistical Treatment of Data identifies and explains what statistical tools are needed
concerning the research questions (statement of the problem). Statistician or Math expert/teacher should be
consulted as regards to the statistical tools to be used in the study.
Example:
Statistical Treatment of Data
The following statistical tools were used to interpret the data:

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Frequency. This was used to determine the number of responses in a particular item. In statistics, it
refers to the number of occurrences of statistical result.
Percentage. It was used to determine the distribution of respondents in terms of their profile.
Weighted mean. This was used to determine the assessment of the respondents regarding the extent of their
manifestation of healthy lifestyle.
Composite mean. This was used to determine the average of respondents’ assessment.
ANOVA. This was used to compare the responses of the respondents when grouped according to their
profile.

Chapter IV (Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data)

Chapter IV or the Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data is primarily concerned with the
presentation of data in tabular forms and the analysis, interpretation, and implications of these data in relation to
the phenomenon under investigation.
The following are the steps and procedures in constructing the Chapter IV of your research paper.
A. Construct you questionnaire based on the statement of the problem.
Note: Your survey questionnaire is not presented in this chapter. However, the data gathered and computed
through the means of the survey will be presented on Chapter IV.
Example:
PROMOTION OF HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AMONG 21ST CENTURY LEARNERS
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to promote healthy lifestyle among 21st century learners.
Specifically, this sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the students in terms of:
1.1. age;
1.2. sex; and
1.3. grade level?
2. As assessed by the students, how may the extent of their manifestation of healthy lifestyles be describe
relative to:
2.1. healthy diet;
2.2. physical activities;
2.3. hygienic habits;
2.4. health motivation; and
2.5. stress reduction?
3. How do the responses of the students compare when grouped according to their profile?
4. Based on the analysis, what healthy lifestyle promotion guide may be proposed?
Questionnaire:
I. Profile of the Students
Directions: Please put a check (√) mark on the box that corresponds with your profile.
Age □ 11-13 yrs. old Sex □ Male
□ 14-16 yrs. old □ Female
□ 17-18 yrs. old
Grade Level □ Grade 11 □ Grade 12
II. Students’ Manifestation of Healthy Lifestyle
Directions: Please put a check (√) mark on the column that best corresponds to the extent to which you
manifest the following.
4 – Great Extent (GE)
3 – Moderate Extent (ME)
2 – Slight Extent (SE)

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1 – Least Extent (LE)

2
HEALTHY DIET 4 3 1
(SE
I… (GE) (ME) (LE)
)
1. eat a lot of plant food: vegetables, legumes, whole grains, fruits, and nuts.
2. drink water regularly (at least eight glasses of water everyday).
3. limit my intake of fats, preferring the healthier unsaturated fats to saturated
fats and trans fats.
4. eat proportionate amount of food for breakfast, lunch and dinner.
5. slow down on eating too much of my favorite foods.

2
PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES 4 3 1
(SE
I… (GE) (ME) (LE)
)
1. engage in active individual and team sports.
2. exercise regularly.
3. increase my cardiovascular endurance through increasing the time span of
my regular exercise session followed by gradual warm up and cool down
period.
4. improve my large muscle strength and endurance by doing modified sit-ups,
pull-ups, and push-ups regularly.
5. increase my flexibility through stretching exercises.

2
HYGIENIC HABITS 4 3 1
(SE
I… (GE) (ME) (LE)
)
1. take a bath everyday.
2. wash my hands, especially before and after I take a meal.
3. brush my teeth twice a day, for at least three to five minutes.
4. use natural deodorant to avoid unnecessary odor.
5. wash my hair regularly and use a shampoo twice or thrice a week.

2
HEALTH MOTIVATION 4 3 1
(SE
I… (GE) (ME) (LE)
)
1. set a clear and attainable health goals so I can stay motivated.
2. schedule a medical check-up for myself based on my age and my risk of
contracting disease.
3. keep myself informed and updated regarding the nature of possible diseases
that I can acquire from my surroundings.
4. take an initiative to clean my surroundings to keep myself from contracting
illness.
5. determine the appropriate amount of food intake suitable for me.

2
STRESS REDUCTION 4 3 1
(SE
I… (GE) (ME) (LE)
)
1. keep a positive attitude when confronting a difficult situation.
2. accept things that I cannot control.

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3. keep an assertive instead of an aggressive attitude (asserting my feelings,

opinions and beliefs instead of becoming angry, defensive and passive).
4. learn to manage my time more effectively.
5. set my limits appropriately by saying no to requests that would excessively
stress me out.
B. Based from the findings of distributed survey questionnaire, construct the tables to present the data,
then interpret and analyze the findings according to rank (from the highest data to the lowest data). You
can use support from other literary sources to strengthen your analysis.
Example of interpretation for profile question:
1.1. Age. The age of the respondents tells their level of maturity which is one of the factors determining
their satisfaction on their job.
Table 2 reveals the profile of the respondents in terms of their age.
Table 2
Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Age
Age Frequency Percentage
Less than 20 years old 32 27.35
20-25 years old 69 58.97
More than 25 years old 16 13.68
Total 117 100

It can be gleaned from the table that majority of the employees were 20-25 years old. From the total
population, there were 69 of them or 58.97 percent. Employees on this age could devote their time on the job
without having conflicted schedule and at the same time, they might not yet have a family to support, hence
they do not require higher income which the job could not provide.
Meanwhile, there were 32 employees or 27.35 percent who belong to the age bracket of less than 20 years
old. Employees on this age bracket might be the working students who wanted to support their education. Some
of them might also be undergraduates in secondary level who could not continue their study and decided to
work instead.
Lastly, there were 16 employees or 13.68 percent who have the age of above 25 years old. The small
number of employees in this category might be attributed to the fact that only few people with that age prefer
this kind of job because they wanted higher income to pay for the expenses of their basic needs.
Example of interpretation for assessment question:
2.1. Work Environment
The study showed the assessments of the employees regarding the level of their job satisfaction relative
to work environment.
Table 9 presents the analysis and interpretation of data based on the evaluation of respondents.
Table 9
Assessment of the Level of Job Satisfaction relative to Work Environment

Variables Mean Verbal

Interpretation
1. availability of pleasant physical environment 3.78 S
2. provision of lighting and ventilation facilities at the work place 3.73 S
3. adequacy of working (floor) area to work efficiently 3.73 S
4. comfortability of the working hours 3.62 S
5. efficiency of the equipment and tools at the work place 3.62 S
6. implementation of safety norms in the organization 3.71 S
7. provision of safety appliances at work place 3.67 S

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8. comfortability to work under the existing environment 3.67 S

9. provision of sanitary facilities available 3.71 S
10. prevention of distraction in the organization 3.63 S
Composite Mean 3.43 S
Legend: S = Satisfied
As shown in the table, employees are satisfied on the availability of pleasant physical environment in
their job. This was shown by the highest weighted mean of 3.78. This indicates that they are comfortable to
move with their workplace. As most of fast food chains in the municipality provides a spacious area and
comfortable ambience, they satisfy both the customers and the crew. Moreover, the data revealed that it was
deemed important by the employees that they are provided with a pleasant and comfortable workplace as this
ensures their safety, health and welfare. It could also make them feel attached to their work environment which
makes them feel satisfied while working in it. The findings supported Sarkissian who stated that a company's
environment and design affects employees’ behavior and job satisfaction.
Meanwhile, the employees are satisfied both with the provision of lighting and ventilation facilities at
the work place and the adequacy of working (floor) area to work efficiently. This was affirmed by the same
weighted means of 3.73. Lighting and ventilation facilities were offered in the fast food chains in the
municipality for the comfort of the customers but the staff and crew could also benefit in this. With the said
facilities, they are provided with a working environment that could lessen their tiredness and anxiety while
performing their job. This is because they do not have to tolerate undesirable place that could diminish the
quality of their performance. Hence, in such environment, it was more likely the satisfaction on the job may
heighten.
Moreover, the adequacy of working (floor) area to work efficiently could also benefit the workers. The job
description of the crews required them to move around while serving the customers. It also requires them to
move freely while preparing for their food. The capability to move with ease, provided by the adequacy of
working (floor) area, allows them to perform their job efficiently and effectively. With the provision of spacious
work area, the possibility of accidents would also lessen. This could minimize the difficulty and anxiousness
that workers might experience on their job, thereby increasing their satisfaction.
As expressed by the same weighted means of 3.71, the employees also portrayed satisfaction regarding
the implementation of safety norms in the organization and the provision of sanitary facilities available. The
data revealed that the safety and health of the workers are ensured by the management of fast food chains,
indicating that they value the welfare of the latter. Such considerations were acknowledged by employees as
they admitted that these made them feel highly satisfied on their job.
The implementation of safety norms ensures that the management cater to the needs and welfare of their
employees. It could make the staffs and crew feel safe and secure in the performance of their duties. Moreover,
the availability of sanitary facilities could ensure the health of the employees, reducing the chances of getting
sick in the workplace. These factors both ensures that the health and safety of the workers are in the optimum
condition, thereby allowing them to be fit and flexible in the enactment of the job and increasing the level of
their satisfaction with it.
Meanwhile, employees’ satisfaction on their job may also be brought about through the provision of
safety appliances at work place and comfortability to work under the existing environment. These were both
validated by the same weighted means of 3.67. Provision of safety appliances also corresponds to the safeness of
the workplace mentioned in the previous discussion. If the workers are assured that the appliances they are
using would not inconvenience them nor jeopardize their safety, then they would be at ease in the performance
of their duties, thus, would lessen the chances of them being dissatisfied.
Moreover, the comfortability to work in the said environment also increases the satisfaction of the
employees. Such comfort reflects the positive mood employees feel when dealing with their job. Being
comfortable means that the workers rarely deals with negative scenarios that could make them anxious,
nervous, pressured or irritated. The management may have provided the employees with a conducive working
environment responsive to their welfare. These validated the statement of Sarkissian who affirmed that physical
work condition must not only establish safety and cleanliness. It must also provide an innovative work place
design which facilitates the flow of information, improves communication and boosts productivity.

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As revealed by the weighted mean of 3.63, employees are also satisfied regarding the prevention of
distraction in the organization. This indicates that minimal distraction ensured that the employees could devote
their time to function effectively, refusing to be sidetracked. These instances could also put the employees to an
advantage through lessening the chances of being reprimanded by their superiors. This could therefore lessen
the instance that employees might be frustrated with their job, thereby also having a positive impact on their job
satisfaction.
Employees are still satisfied regarding the comfortability of the working hours and the efficiency of the
equipment and tools at the work place. These were evident by the same weighted means of 3.62. The time
allotment in the performance of duties are flexible enough which allow the employees to effectively manage their
daily activities. Hence, some employees could balance their time with work, studies or recreational activities.
This could lessen the anxiousness and stress that employees might have in the work place, thereby reducing
their feeling of dissatisfaction.
Aside from these, employees also perceived the efficiency of equipment and tools as one of the factors that
could make them satisfied. The enactment of their job requires them to manipulate different tools and equipment
in the work place. Especially with employees and staffs who are assigned in the kitchen. Using the equipment in
optimum condition minimize the chances of lower quality of outcomes. Consequently, this could increase the
productivity of the employees which could also have a positive impact on their satisfaction. These supported
Sarkissian who stated that employees become more motivated with the feeling of accomplishment that they get
from performing a task.
In general, the composite mean of 3.43 indicates that the employees are satisfied with the conditions of
their working environment. This was because their work place ensures their safety and health, thereby allowing
them to become more productive and competent in the performance of their job. In turn, such improvement in
productivity would encourage them to have self-growth, thus, increasing the level of job satisfaction and self-
fulfillment.
Example of interpretation for hypothetical question:
3.1. Work Environment.
Table 13 shows the comparison of the responses of employees as to the level of their job satisfaction in
terms of work environment when grouped according to their profile.
It can be gleaned from the table that the tabular values of both 2.87 exceed the computed values of 0.08
and 1.18 for educational level and monthly income, respectively. Thus, the null hypothesis was accepted. This
reflects that said profiles do not affect the assessment of the employees on their job satisfaction relative to work
environment.

Table 13
Comparison of the Responses of Employees as to their Level of Job Satisfaction in terms of Work
Environment when Grouped According to their Profile
F-value
Sources of Variation Decision Verbal Interpretation
Computed Tabular
Age 5.52 3.35 Reject Ho Significant

Sex 4.65 4.41 Reject Ho Significant

Educational Level 0.08 2.87 Accept Ho Not Significant

Category of
5.94 2.87 Reject Ho Significant
Employment
Civil Status 5.22 2.87 Reject Ho Significant

Monthly Income 1.18 2.87 Accept Ho Not Significant

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Work Experience 9.53 2.87 Reject Ho Significant

However, assessment of the employees showed significant difference when grouped according to age,
sex, category of employment, civil status, and work experience. This was expressed by the computed values of
5.52, 4.65, 5.94, 5.22 and 9.53 which are greater than the tabular values of 3.35, 4.41, and 2.87. Hence, this
rejected the null hypothesis and revealed that the aforementioned profile affect the respondents’ assessment.
In instance, age affects the level of job satisfaction on work environment because this could indicate the
physical capabilities of the employees. Younger employees are more likely to become satisfied regarding this
factor as they would be able to move flexibly and efficiently. Moreover, the sex or the gender of the employees
could also affect their assessment relevant to this variable. As male employees are the ones who are constantly
moving around to serve the customers due to being physically fit in the job, then, they show higher probability
of being satisfied in their assessment.
Category of employment also affect satisfaction in work environment. Permanent employees have higher
probability of being promoted for much better position, hence, lessening the chance that they would be assign on
job position that would require more labor of moving around and serving the customers. Therefore, they are less
likely to exhibit higher satisfaction regarding this factor.
Furthermore, civil status could influence satisfaction in the condition of workplace as this indicate
whether the employees have spouses and children. This is because such conditions would likely to worry the
employees in work environment, thereby lessening their satisfaction. Also, work experience are seen to affect
work environment satisfaction due to the fact that the longer the employees are in their position, the more
proficient their skills become, thus, allowing them to move fluently in limited work space. This would lessen the
frustration and dissatisfaction on the work environment.
Chapter V (Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation)
As the name implies, this chapter is meant to give a summary of the findings of the study as well as
conclusions from the researchers. In this chapter, recommendations are also given by the researchers which may
focus on how others can make use of the study or how the study can further be enhanced.
Example:
Summary of Findings
This study aimed to assess the level of job satisfaction on employees who are working in fast food chains.
The study made use of the descriptive method of research with self-constructed questionnaire as the main data
gathering instrument. The respondents of the study were 117 employees in fast food chain chosen through
stratified random sampling technique. The statistical tools used were frequency, percentage, weighted mean,
composite mean and ANOVA.
The analysis and interpretation yielded the following findings:
1. Profile of the Respondents
1.1. Age. Majority of the employees were in the age range of 20 to 25 years old which ranked first
among the variables. Meanwhile, last in rank depicts that the least frequency of employees were more than 25
years old.
1.2. Sex. 51.28 percent of the respondents were male which ranked first among the variables.
Meanwhile, there were 57 female employees which ranked second among the variables.
1.3. Educational Level. Highest number of employees were high school graduate with the frequency of
54. Meanwhile, the data revealed that the least number of employees were high school undergraduate which is
5.13 percent.
1.4. Category of Employment. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the employees have
a permanent status. They were 61.54 percent of the total number of respondents. On the other hand, last in
rank which obtained the lowest percentage of 2.56 were employees who have other status apart from being
permanent, part time and on probation.
1.5. Civil Status. According to the data, majority of the respondents are single with the percentage of
72.65. On the other hand, lowest in rank was one separated employee which is 0.85 percent of the entire
population of respondents.

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1.6. Monthly Income. First in rank were 72 employees who have an income of 5000 to 10,000. They
were 61.54 percent of the total number of respondents. Meanwhile, there were 5 employees or 4.27 percent who
have an income of more than 15,000.
1.7. Work Experience. The findings indicate that most number of employees have work experience of 1
to 3 years. Out of 117 respondents, there were 66 of them. In contrast, the least percentage of 2.56 indicate that
there were 3 employees who are working for more than 6 years.
2. Assessment of the Level of Job Satisfaction
2.1. Work Environment. Top in rank reflects that the employees are satisfied regarding the availability
of pleasant physical environment, provision of lighting and ventilation facilities at the work place, and
adequacy of working (floor) area to work efficiently as validated by weighted means of 3.78 and 3.73,
respectively. Meanwhile, lowest in rank reflected by the same weighted means of 3.62 indicates that the
employees are still satisfied on the comfortability of the working hours and the efficiency of equipment and tools
used in work place.
2.2. Pay and Allowances. As indicated by the highest weighted means of 3.64, 3.55 and 3.54,
employees portrayed satisfaction regarding decent income in the performance of duties, availability of scope for
schemes of financial rewards, method of distinction between the best and less performers, and provision of
chances to gain something through the pay and incentive system.
On the other hand, lowest in rank, as validated by the weighted mean of 3.48 depicts the employees’ satisfaction
with regards to the influence of trade union contracts on the existing pay system.
2.3. Interpersonal Relationship. Respondents admit that they are satisfied on the trust imposed by
their superiors, the latter’s encouragement, and the care taken in the appreciation of good work done. These
were expressed in the weighted means of 3.60 and 3.55 which also topped the rank. Meanwhile, last in rank
revealed that the employees are satisfied on the free of expression of problems in free and informal atmosphere,
as validated by the weighted mean of 3.46.
2.4. Policies. As affirmed by weighted means of 3.66, the employees assessed that they are satisfied on
the policies of management create conducive work environment. This ranked first among the variables. On the
other hand, the lowest weighted mean of 3.49 validated the employees’ satisfaction on the regular discussions on
overall organizational efficiency.
3. Employees’ Responses when Grouped According to their Profile
3.1. Work Environment. The assessment of the employees regarding their satisfaction on work
environment showed significant difference when grouped according to age, sex, category of employment, civil
status, and work experience. These were validated by the computed values of 5.52, 4.65, 5.94, 5.22, and 9.53
which exceed the tabular values of 3.35, 4.41, and 2.87. Thus, the null hypothesis was rejected.
3.2. Pay and Allowances. The computed values of 8.91, 32.94, 3.75, 20.78, and 5.81 are greater than
the tabular values of 3.35 and 2.87, thus, rejecting the null hypothesis and revealing that there are significant
differences on the assessment of the respondents on their job satisfaction relevant to pay and allowances when
grouped according to age, educational level, category of employment, monthly income, and work experience,
respectively.
3.3. Interpersonal Relationship. The data revealed that profiles of respondents such as age, sex, and
educational level, category of employment, civil status, and work experience affect their assessment on the
satisfaction in terms of interpersonal relationship. These were expressed by the computed values of 15.35, 5.40,
32.94, 4.94, 4.17, and 4.87 which are greater than the tabular values of 3.45, 4.41 and 2.87, thus, rejecting the
null hypothesis.
3.4. Policies. Responses of the employees regarding the level of satisfaction on policies differed when
grouped according to age, sex, category of employment, and work experience, as signified by the computed
values of 10.36, 72.37, 3.95, and 5.88 which exceed the tabular values of 3.35, 4.41 and 2.87. Hence, the data
revealed that null hypothesis was rejected.
Conclusions
Based on the findings presented, the following conclusions are derived:

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1. Majority of the respondents are 20 to 25 years old male who are high school graduates and have a
permanent status on their employment. They are also single with an income of 5000 to 10,000 and are working
for span of one to three years.
2. Employees are satisfied on their job conditions with regards to work environment, pay and
allowances, interpersonal relationship, and policies.
3. Assessment of the employees on their job satisfaction relative to all the given variables differed when
grouped according to age, category of employment and work experience.
Meanwhile, the remaining profiles such as sex, educational level, civil status, and monthly income only affect
the employees’ responses on varying degrees.
Recommendations
Based on the conclusions, the following recommendations are offered:
1. The proposed advocacy campaign material should be used to promote the enhancement of the level of
job satisfaction of employees working in fast food chains.
2. The management must ascertain that their employees are highly satisfied on their job so that the latter
could perform their duties more competently, thereby, increasing the productivity of the organization.
3. A similar study may be conducted to expand and enhance the knowledge regarding job satisfaction.

IMRaD Format of Research

“IMRaD” format refers to a paper that is structured by these main sections: Introduction, Objectives,
Methods, Results, and Discussion.
I. Introduction
The introduction explains why the research is necessary. It is meant to introduce the topic and describe the
problem. It aims to help the reader understand the rationale of the proposed study.
II. Objectives
The objectives serve as the backbone of the study. It sets the tone of the entire research which guides the
researcher on the design, instrument, and methodology to be used to address the identified problem.
III. Methodology
The methodology section tells the reader how the researchers conducted their study. It includes
information about the population, sample, methods, and equipment.
IV. Results and Discussion
In this section, the researchers shall present their findings. It includes all the tables and figures that are
labeled and numbered separately. Captions go above the tables and beneath the figures. The researchers shall
also need to summarize their main findings and synthesis of those findings. They may also discuss limitations of
their study, and use these limitations as reasons to suggest future research.

ENRICHMENT: WRITESHOP
Write a draft of a survey questionnaire (with at least five items per variable) on a one whole sheet of paper
using the topic and statement of the problem provided below.
ASSESSMENT OF THE WORKPLACE CULTURE FROM SELECTED RURAL BANKS IN
ROSARIO, BATANGAS
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to promote a generative workplace culture among rural banks in the municipality of
Rosario, Batangas.
Specifically, this sought to answer the following questions:
1. As assessed by the employees, how may the workplace culture in the rural banks be described relative
to:

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1.1. health and safety;

1.2. accountability; and
1.3. inclusiveness?
2. How may the extent of the respondents’ motivation in their workplace be described?
3. Is there a significant relationship between the employees’ assessment of workplace culture and their
motivation?
4. Based on the analysis of the findings, what generative workplace culture promotion guide may be prepared?

EVALUATION: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Based on your understanding of the key concepts of the lesson, try to analyze and interpret the data from the
tables given.
SOP Question:
How may the financial literary of the students be described in terms:
 financial knowledge; and
 financial behavior?
Note: Interpret only the top five highest weighted means and the lowest weighted mean from each table.

Table 1
Assessment of Students’ Financial Literacy relative to Financial Knowledge
Variables Mean Verbal
Interpretation
1. can differentiate my needs from my wants, and which products and 3.60 SA
services I have to prioritize in my consumption.
2. know how to maintain an emergency fund. 3.30 A
3. know how to balance my allowance with my expenses. 3.45 A
4. know my long term and short term goals in handling my money. 3.34 A
5. know how to draft a budget. 3.31 A
6. know the different ways to avoid wasteful spending. 3.38 A
7. can determine my fixed expenses (expenses that I have every month) and 3.30 A
variable expenses (costs that can go up and down each month).
8. understand my cash flow (the amount of money coming in and going out 3.28 A
each month).
Composite Mean 3.37 A
Legend: A = Agree SA = Strongly Agree

Table 2
Assessment of Students’ Financial Literacy relative to Financial Behavior
Variables Mean Verbal
Interpretation
1. avoid unplanned spontaneous purchases by controlling my spending 3.34 A
habits.
2. track, calculate and monitor my expenses regularly. 3.39 A
3. prioritize my needs (essential expenses) over my wants (luxuries). 3.41 A
4. set up an emergency funds to deal with financial setbacks. 3.31 A
5. try to have a source of income that can exceed my expenses. 3.37 A
6. deal with financial emergency in a calm and level-headed manner. 3.35 A
7. make a careful plan on the allotment of my finances. 3.32 A
8. endeavor to be a good goal setter in terms of handling my finances. 3.32 A
Composite Mean 3.35 A
Legend: A= Agree

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Email: pvgmarosbats1946@gmail.com /pvgmarosbats@yahoo.com Practical Research 1
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Reference:
PVGMA Research Manual

---End of Week 1 and 2---

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Email: pvgmarosbats1946@gmail.com /pvgmarosbats@yahoo.com Practical Research 1
Tel Nos: (043) 311-3927/ (043) 774 3578
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March