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EC 232 Tutorial 2

This document contains 13 questions related to electromagnetic waves. It asks the reader to: 1) Prove properties of elliptically and circularly polarized plane waves. 2) Derive expressions for the attenuation and phase constants in conducting media. 3) Determine and compare intrinsic impedance, attenuation, and skin depth for various conducting materials. 4) Solve problems involving plane wave propagation in dielectric media. 5) Reduce Maxwell's equations for uniform plane waves in source-free regions. 6) Solve additional problems involving plane wave propagation, polarization, fields, wavelength, frequency and conduction in various materials.

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RUSHIL MOTWANI
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88 views3 pages

EC 232 Tutorial 2

This document contains 13 questions related to electromagnetic waves. It asks the reader to: 1) Prove properties of elliptically and circularly polarized plane waves. 2) Derive expressions for the attenuation and phase constants in conducting media. 3) Determine and compare intrinsic impedance, attenuation, and skin depth for various conducting materials. 4) Solve problems involving plane wave propagation in dielectric media. 5) Reduce Maxwell's equations for uniform plane waves in source-free regions. 6) Solve additional problems involving plane wave propagation, polarization, fields, wavelength, frequency and conduction in various materials.

Uploaded by

RUSHIL MOTWANI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering


ECN-232 (Engineering Electromagnetics) Tutorial-2
Spring-2021 Dated: 09/02/22

1. Prove the following:


a. An elliptically polarized plane wave can be resolved into right-hand
and left-hand circularly polarized waves.
b. A circularly polarized plane wave can be obtained from a
superposition of two oppositely directed elliptically polarized
waves.
2. Drive the following general expressions of the attenuation and phase
constants for conducting media:

𝜇∈ 𝜎 2
α = ω√ [ √1 + ( ) − 1 ]1/2 (Np/m)
2 ω∈

𝜇∈ 𝜎 2
𝛽 = ω√ [ √1 + ( ) + 1 ]1/2 (Np/m)
2 ω∈

3. Determine and compare the intrinsic impedance, attenuation constant (in


both Np/m and dB/m), and skin depth of copper [𝜎𝑐𝑢 =5.80×107 (S/m)],
silver [𝜎𝑎𝑔 =6.15×107 (S/m)] , and brass[𝜎𝑏𝑟 =1.59×107 (S/m)] at the
following frequencies: (a) 60 (Hz), (b) 1 (MHz), and (c) 1 (GHz).
4. A 3 (GHz), y-polarized uniform plane wave propagates in the +x-direction
in a non-magnetic having a dielectric constant 2.5 and loss tangent 10-2.
a. Determine the distance over which the amplitude of the propagating
wave will be cut in half.
b. Determine the intrinsic impedance, the wavelength, the phase
velocity, and the group velocity of the wave in the medium.
c. Assuming E = ay50sin(6π109t+ π/3)(V/m) at x=0. Write the
instantaneous expression for H for all t and x.
5. The magnetic field intensity of a linearly polarized uniform plane wave
propagating in the +y-direction in seawater [∈𝑟 =80, 𝜇𝑟 = 1, 𝜎 =4 (S/m)]
is H = ay0.1sin(1010 π t- π/3) (A/m) at y=0.
a. Determine the attenuation constant, the phase constant, the intrinsic
impedance, the phase velocity, the wavelength, and skin depth.
b. Find the location at which the amplitude of H is 0.01 (A/m).
c. Write the expressions for E(y,t) and H(y,t) at y= 0.5 m as function
of t.
6. For a harmonic uniform plane wave propagating in a simple medium, both
E an H vary in accordance with the factor exp (-jk∙R) as indicated in
E(R)= E0e-jkR = E0𝑒 −𝑗𝑘𝑎𝑛.𝑅 (V/m)
Show that the four Maxwell’s equations for uniform wave in a source-free
region reduce to the following:

k×E= ω𝜇H,

k×H= -ω∈E,

k∙E=0,

k∙H=0.

7. The instantaneous expression for the magnetic field intensity of a uniform


plane wave propagating in the +y direction in the air is given by

H = az 4×10-6cos(107πt- k0y+ π/4) (A/m).

a. Determine k0 and the location where HZ vanishes at t = 3 ms.


b. Write the instantaneous expression for E.
8. The field of a uniform plane wave propagating in a dielectric medium is
given by

E(t,z)= ax 2cos(108t-z/√3)- ay sin(108t-z/√3) (V/m).

a. Determine the frequency and wavelength of the wave.


b. What is the dielectric constant of the medium?
c. Describe the polarization of the wave.
d. Find the corresponding H-Field.
9. Given that the skin depth for graphite at 100 MHz is 0.16 mm, determine
(a) the conductivity of graphite, and (b) the distance that a 1 GHz wave
travels in graphite such that its field intensity is reduced by 30 dB.
10. Show that a plane wave with an instantaneous expression for the electric
field
E( z, t ) = ax E10 sin(wt − kz) + ay E20 sin(wt − kz + )

Is elliptically polarized. Find the polarization ellipse.

11. Given that


E = ay 0.1sin(10x)cos(6109 t −  z)(V / m) in air, find H and β.

12. Given that


H = ay 2cos(15x)sin(6109 t −  z)( A / m) in air. Find E and β.

13. Calculations concerning the electromagnetic effect of currents in a good


conductor usually neglect the displacement current even at microwave
frequencies.
a) Assuming  r = 1, = 5.70 107 (S / m) for copper. Compare the magnitude
of the displacement current density with that of conduction current
density at 100 GHz.
b) Write the governing differential equation for the magnetic field
intensity in the source free good conductor.

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