QUESTION BANK

Subject: EE 403 DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND SMART GRIDS

S7 EEE
Sl Mark
Question Year
No. s
Module 1
1 Compare smart grid with conventional utility grid. 5 Dec-18
Dec-18,
2 Draw and explain the typical configuration of an AC microgrid 10
Aug-21
3 Compare conventional grid and smart grid. 5 Aug-21
What is an active distribution networks? Explain its relevance in the Microgrid
4 5 Dec-19
System.
Dec-
5 Draw and explain the typical configuration of an DC microgrid 10 19,Aug-
21
Explain the role of central controller in stand-alone and grid connected mode
6 5 Dec-19
of operations of microgrids.
7 What is Microgrid? List the characteristics 5 May-19
Explain with the diagram, the working of an energy router based May-19
8 interconnecting framework for the microgrid system. What is the function of 10
the Energy Management module in a microgrid configuration?
Sep-20,
9 Discuss the technical and economical advantages of microgrid. 5
Dec-20
10 Draw the layout of a typical micro grid and explain the components in detail. 10 Sep -20

11 Enumerate the challenges in microgrid development. 5 Aug-21

12 Discuss the opportunities, challenges and benefits of smart grids. 5 Dec-20

List the various Distributed Energy Resources and explain the operation of any
13 10 Dec-20
two types with relevant diagrams.
14 Explain the function of the Central Controller (CC) in microgrids. 5 Dec-20
Module 2
Explain how the real and reactive powers are controlled in a power electronic
1 5 Dec-18
inverter-based energy source
Explain the components of an Ultra capacitor. Mention its advantages and
2 disadvantages. 10 Dec-18
Explain the working flywheel energy storage (FES) system.
3 Explain the operation of lead acid battery and mention its merits and demerits. 5 Dec-19
4 Explain the control sources of micro - resource controller 5 Dec-19
 Explain the working and operation of different wind Energy Conservation
5 10 Dec-19
Systems. Also mention the advantages and disadvantages.
6 Explain the merits and demerits of a solar PV Plant 5 May-19

7 Explain the voltage control Method in a microgrid with Q- V Diagram. 5 May-19

8 Explain the load frequency control method in a microgrid with P- f diagram 5 May-19
(a) What is distributed generation? Explain how it enhances the Sep -20
performance of the utility grid.
9 10
(b) Elaborate the concept of load sharing through power-frequency control
in microgrids.
10 Explain the functions of Central Controller in microgrid 5 Sep-20
With the help of block diagrams, explain the classification and working of
11 10 Dec-18
micro turbines.
12 With the help of a block diagram, briefly explain the split shaft micro turbine. 5 Aug-21
What is the function of Central Controller (CC) and Micro source Controllers
13 (MCs) in a micro grid? Explain in detail their function and role. 10 Aug-21

14 Explain how Small hydro power plant acts as a distributed energy resource. 5 Aug-21
Draw the conceptual diagram of the Combined Heat Power system and list any
15 two advantages and disadvantages. 5 Dec-20

Module 3
1 What is a smart meter, used in a smart grid? List the features. 5 Dec-18
Draw and explain the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
2 10 Sep-20
Smart grid reference architecture. Explain its various domains.
What do you mean by islanding a microgrid? List the different islanding
3 5 Dec-18
scenarios in microgrids.
4 Draw the block diagram of AMR and write the functions of each block 5 Dec-19
5 Draw the block diagram and explain the working of phase Measurement Unit 5 Dec-19
6 What is a smart Sensor? Using block diagram explain the different components 5 Dec-19
7 Explain different scenarios related to islanding of microgrid 10 Dec-19
Why conventional over current relays may slowly respond or fail to operate in
8 stand alone microgrids with a significant number of micro sources and power 5 May-19
Electronic Interfaces? Justify
Comment on the impact of DG integration on the electricity market and Sep-20,
9 5
distribution system. Aug-21
Elaborate the impact of increased penetration of distributed generation in
10 5 Dec-20
distribution system.
 List the advantages and disadvantages of integration of Plug-In hybrid EV into
11 the utility grid. 5 Dec-20

Discuss the Intelligent Electronic Devices and their application for monitoring
12 and protection. 5 Dec-20

With a neat block diagram, elaborate working of smart sensors. Discuss the
13 various deployment schemes with typical examples for each. 5 Dec-20

14 With a functional block diagram, briefly explain the smart meter. 5 Aug-21
With a neat block diagram explaining the features of smart meters. Elaborate
the
15 5 Dec-20
features that can play an important role in smart grid implementation.

With a neat block diagram, explain the working of a Phasor Measurement Unit
16 5 Aug-21
(PMU). Discuss any two practical applications of PMU.
17 Explain in detail the protection issues of stand-alone microgrids. 5 Aug-21
Module 4
1 List any five key features of smart energy efficient end use devices. 5 Dec-18
What do you mean by islanding a microgrid? List the different islanding
2 5 Dec-18
scenarios in microgrids.
A power station has the following daily load cycle.

Time (Hr) 0-5 5 - 11 11-13 13 - 16 16 - 22 22 - 24

3 Load (MW) 15 25 40 30 35 25 10 Dec-18

Draw the load curve and determine i) Maximum Demand ii) Total Energy
units generated per day iii) Average load iv) load factor
4 Define Energy Management. What is the significance of Energy Management? 5 Dec-19
A power station has a maximum demand of 35 MW, a plant capacity factor of
50 %, a plant use factor of 70% and load factor of 60 % determine the i)
5 Reserve Capacity ii) Daily energy produced iii) Maximum energy that can be 10 Dec-19
produced daily if the plant runs as per schedule. Justify the statement " Greater
the diversity factor, the lesser is the cost of generation of power"
A power generating station has a connected load of 80 MW and maximum May-19
6 demand of 52 MW. The total energy generated annually is 90 x 10^6kWh. 5
Calculate demand factor and load factor.
Explain the various objectives and methodologies of load shaping with Sep- 20
7 10
relevant waveforms.
illustrate the role of technology in demand response. What are the challenges May-19
8 10
in implementing demand side management in a smart grid?
9 a) Discuss various electricity tariff schemes employed in the utility grid. 10 Sep- 20
 b) Define (i) Maximum demand (ii)Diversity factor (iii) Plant Capacity factor
(iv) Load Factor and (v) Utilization factor
10 Discuss the significance and characteristics of load curves. 5 Sep- 20

11 Illustrate role of technology in demand response in DSM. 5 Dec-20

12 How demand side management can be implemented in a smart grid? 5 Dec-20
A power station supplies the following loads to various consumers
Industrial Consumer =1500kW, Commercial establishment = 750kW,
Domestic power =100kW and Domestic Lighting = 450kW.
13 If the maximum demand on the station is 2500kW and the units of kWh 5 Dec-20
generated
per year is 45x105, determine (i) the diversity factor, (ii) average load and
(iii) annual load factor.
14 Describe the features of Smart Energy End Use Devices. 5 Aug-21
Explain the various objectives and methodologies of load shaping with
15 relevant waveforms. 10 Aug-21

The daily demands of three consumers are tabulated below

16 5 Aug-21

Plot the load curve and determine (i) Maximum demand of individual
consumer (ii)load factor of individual consumer and (iii) diversity factor

Module 5
1 Write short note on the design considerations of Sensor and Actuator Networks 5 Dec-18
Explain with a diagram about IEC 61850 substation architecture. Write down
2 10 May-19
the transmission protocol of IEC 61850.
What is feeder Automation? List and explain different components of feeder
3 10 Dec-18
automation
Explain with neat sketches the basic architecture of smart substation?
4 10 Dec-18
Enumerate the various advantages of smart substation
What are the different advantages of Smart Substations over conventional
5 5 Dec-19
substations?
Discuss the role of Sensor and Actuator Networks (SANETs) in smart grid Sep-20,
6 5
implementation. Dec-20
 List the SANET Factors and explain the requirement of these for different
7 5 Dec-19
smart grid applications
Describe the challenges and benefits of Home Area Network. Describe the
8 10 May-19
characteristics of AMI?
With a neat block diagram explain the Home Area Network (HAN) and its Sep-20,
9 5
scope in successful implementation of smart grid Aug-21
Sep-20,
10 Explain various components of Feeder Automation. 5
Aug-21
11 Explain the key components and architecture of smart substation. 10 Aug-21
12 Explain the role of NAN in smart grid technology with necessary diagrams. 5 Aug-21
13 Discuss the features of Advanced Metering Infrastructure. 5 Dec-20
With a neat diagram, discuss in detail the various components of a smart
14 10 Dec-20
substation.
15 Describe the challenges and benefits of Home Area Network (HAN). 5 Dec-20
Module 6
1 Write short notes on the Distortion Index. 5 Dec-18
2 How is Cloud computing useful in a smart grid? 5 Dec-18
3 List and explain various power quality issues with smart grids 10 Dec-18
4 What are the various types of clouds? 5 Dec-19
Dec-19,
5 List and Explain various Harmonic sources in the grid 10
Aug-21
6 Explain the cloud computing infrastructure. 5 Dec-19
Dec-19,
7 Explain with neat sketch cloud computing architecture 5
Dec-20
a) Elaborate the characteristics of Cloud Computing.
8 10 Sep- 20
b) Classify cloud computing based on its deployment and service.
Explain with suitable diagram (i) Private (ii) Public and (iii) Hybrid cloud
9 10 Sep- 20
computing
10 Discuss the various harmonic sources and its effect on power quality 5 Sep- 20
11 Briefly explain various harmonic indices 10 May-19
Explain Platform as a service (PaaS) in cloud computing as applied to smart
12 5 Aug-21
grid.
13 Describe the private, public and hybrid cloud architecture of smart grid. 5 Aug-21
14 Explain the various power quality indices in harmonic analysis. 5 Aug-21
15 What are the different long duration voltage variations? Explain. 5 Aug-21
 Classify cloud computing based on its deployment and service. Propose
16 10 Dec-20
suitable cloud architecture for smart grid.
Discuss the short duration and long duration power quality events with neat
17 5 Dec-20
illustrations.
18 Explain how transients affect the power quality. 5 Dec-20
 QUESTION BANK
Subject: EE 409: ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN
S7 EEE

MODULE I

1 a) Examine the different types of ventilations in electrical machines. 4 DEC 2018

b) Derive the gap contraction factor for slots.

2 List five types of enclosures used in electrical machines. 5 DEC 2018

3 Derive the gap contraction factor for slots. 6 DEC2018

4 Explain the procedure to calculate MMF for air gap and teeth in an 5 DEC 2018

electrical machine.

5 What is meant by hot spot rating in electrical machines? 5 MAY

2019
6 Compare the reluctance of slotted armature with that of smooth 5 MAY
2019
armature surface.

7 Examine any four components of armature leakage flux. 4 MAY

2019
8 Derive the relation between real and apparent flux densities 6 MAY
2019
9 Explain unbalanced magnetic pull in rotating electrical machines. 5 MAY
2019
10 Explain the properties and applications of magnetic materials used in 4 DEC 16

Electrical machines.

11 Explain the different types of ventilation systems used in electrical 6 May 16

machines.

12 Derive the relation between real and apparent flux density in highly 6 DEC 16

saturated armatures teeth.

13 A 15kW 230V 4 pole dc machine has the following data. 7 Dec 2019
Armature diameter 0.25m, armature core length 0.125m, length of air gap at pole centre
2.5mm, flux per pole 11.7 mWb, Ratio of pole arc to pole pitch 0.66. Calculate the mmf
required for air gap if (i) armature surface is treated as smooth (ii) armature is slotted
and the
gap contraction factor is 1.18.
14 Establish a relation between apparent flux density and real flux density for the armature 5 Sep 2020
teeth of a DC machine.

15 What do you understand by continuous, short time and short time intermittent ratings of 5 Sep 2020
an electrical machine?

16 What is carter’s coefficient and how does it help in estimation of mmf of slotted 5 Sep 2020
armature?

17 What are the practical aspects of unbalanced magnetic pull that must be considered while 5 Sep 2020
designing electrical machines?

18 What considerations impose limitations in design of electrical machines? 5 Sep 2020

19 The temperature rise of a transformer is 25oC after 1 hour and 37.5 0C after 2 hours of 10 Sep 2020
starting from cold conditions. Calculate its final steady temperature rise and the heating
time constant. If its temperature falls from the final steady state value to 40 0C in 1.5
hours when disconnected, calculate the cooling time constant. The ambient temperature
is 30 0C.
20 What are the practical aspects of unbalanced magnetic pull that must be considered while 5 Sep 2020
designing electrical machines?

MODULE II

1 Derive the output equation of a single phase core type transformer. 5 DEC
2016
2. Derive the volt per turn equation of a single phase transformer. 5 DEC
2018

3. Determine the dimensions of core and yoke for a 100KVA 50Hz single phase core type 10 DEC
transformer. A square core is used with distance between the adjacent limbs equal to 1.6 2018
times the width of laminations. Assume Emf/turn14V, Maximum flux density 1.1
Wb/m2, current density 3 A/mm2, window space factor 0.32, and stacking factor 0.9.
Flux density in the yoke to be 80% of flux density in the core.
4. Derive the output equation for 3 phase core type transformer. 4 MAY19

5. Determine the dimensions of core and yoke for a 200KVA 50Hz single phase core type 6 MAY19
transformer. A cruciform core is used with distance between adjacent limbs equal to 1.6
times width of core laminations. Assume voltage per turn 14 V, maximum flux density
1.1Wb/m2, window space factor 0.32, current density 3A/mm2 and stacking factor
0.9. The net iron area is 0.56d2 in a cruciform core where d is the diameter of
circumscribing circle and width of
largest stamping is0.85d.

6. Derive the ratio of gross core area to area of circumscribing circle for a square core of a 5 MAY19
transformer.

7. Derive the ratio of gross core area to area of circumscribing circle for a square core of a 5 MAY19
transformer.

8 What are the different types of transformer cross sections? 5 DEC 16

9 A transformer has a final steady temperature rise of 75°C at full load and a heating time 1 MAY16
constant of 3 hr. The copper loss at full load is twice the iron loss. Calculate the 0
temperature rise of the transformer at the end of the following load cycle after starting
from load 11/ 2 hr 25% overload 1 hr.

10 Derive the output equation of a 3 phase transformer 5 MAY16

11 Determine the main dimensions of the core, no. of turns and the cross section of the 1 DEC 16
conductors for a 5 kVA, 11000/400 V, 50 Hz, single phase core type distribution 2
transformer. The net conductor area in the window is 0.6 times the net cross section of
iron in the core. Assume a square cross section for the core, a flux, density 1Wb/m2, a
current density 1.4 A/mm2 and
window space factor 0.2. The height of window is 3 times its width.
12. Calculate the main dimensions and winding details of a 100 KVA, 2000/400V, 50Hz, 1 MAY16
single phase shell type, oil immersed, self cooled transformer. Assume,Voltage/turn 0
=10 Flux density in core = 1 Wb/m2,Current density = 2A/mm2 , Window space
factor = 0.35,Ratio of height to width of window = 3,Ratio of core depth to width of
central limb = 2.5.

5 Dec 2019
13 Give two differences between power transformer distribution
transformer

3 Dec 2019
14 Write the design equations to find the area of cross section of conductor for both primary
and secondary of a transformer

Determine the dimensions of core and window for a 5kVA, 50Hz, single phase core type 7 Dec 2019
transformer. A rectangular core is used with long side twice as long as short side. The
15 window height is three times the width. Volt per turn is 1.8V, window space factor is 0.2,
current density is 1.8A/mm2 and maximum flux density is 1Wb/m2.

Examine the factors that influence the choice of flux density of a transformer. 3 Dec 2019

16

17 What are the advantages of square core over rectangular core of a transformer? 5 Sep 2020

18 Derive the output equation of a three-phase transformer 5 Sep 2020

19 Calculate the approximate overall dimensions for a 200 kVA, 6600/440 V, 50Hz, 3 phase 1 Sep 2020
core type transformer. The following data may be assumed: emf per turn = 10 V, 0
maximum flux density = 1.3 Wb/m2, current density = 2.5 A/mm2, window space factor =
0.3, overall height = overall
width, stacking factor = 0.9. Use a 3 stepped core. For a 3 stepped core: Width of largest
stamping = 0.9d and net iron area = 0.6d2 where d is the diameter of the circumscribing
circle.
20 Distinguish between power transformers and distribution transformers. 5 Dec 2020

21 A 200 KVA, 6600/440 V50Hz,3 phase core type transformer has the following design 5 Dec 2020
data. Maximum flux density = 1.3 wb/m2, emf per turn =10V, stacking factor=0.9,
window space factor=0.3, current density= 2.5 A/mm2, overall width= overall height, 3
stepped core is used. Calculate the overall dimensions of the transformer.
22 A 250KVA, 6600/400 V, 3 phase core type transformer has a total loss of 4800 W at full 1 Dec 2020
load. The transformer tank is 1.25 m in height and 1m×0.5m in plan. Design a suitable 0
scheme for the tubes if the average temperature rise is to be limited to 35⁰C. The diameter
of the tube is 50mm and is spaced 75mm from each other.The average height of the tube is
1.05m. Specific heat dissipation due to radiation and convection is respectively 6 and 6.5
W/m2⁰C. Assume that the convection is improved by 35% due to provision of tubes.

MODULE III
1. Define specific magnetic loading? Explain the factors need to be considered for choice of 5 Dec
specific magnetic 18
loading in a dc machine

2. a) Explain in steps how to separate D and L for a 3 Dec 18

DC machine?

b) Find out the main dimensions of a 50kW, 4 pole, 600 rpm DC shunt generator to 7 Dec 18
give a square pole face. The full load terminal voltage being 220 V. The maximum gap
density is 0.83 Wb/m2 and the ampere conductors per meter is 30000. Assume that full
load armature voltage drop is 3 per cent of rated terminal voltage and that the field
current is 1 per cent of rated full load current. Ratio
of pole arc to pole pitch is 0.67.

3. Explain the design procedure of interpoles in DC 5 DEC 18

machines?
4. Derive the output equation of DC machine. 5 MAY 19

5 Explain step by step design procedure of brushes and 5 MAY

commutator in a DC machine. 19
6 Explain step by step design procedure for armature of a dc machine 5 MAY
19
7 Find the main dimensions of a 100 MVA, 11kV, 50 Hz, 150 rpm,3 phase water wheel 1 MAY
generator. The average gap density is 0.65 Wb/m2 and the ampere conductors per meter 0 19
is 40000.The peripheral speed should not exceed 65m/s at normal running speed in order
to limit the runaway peripheral speed. Assume the winding factor to be
0.955.

8 Determine the main dimensions of a 45kW, 220V, 850 rpm, DC motor, given Average 1 DEC 16
flux density = 0.5 Wb/m2,Ampere conductors/m = 26,000,Maximum efficiency = 90% 0
on full load. Field current is 2.5% of full
load current.

9. A 150 kW, 6 pole, 230 V, 500 rpm, dc short motor has an efficiency of 91%. Design 1 MAY16
the main dimensions, no. of slots, no. of conductors and dimensions of slot. The 0
following data are available. Specific magnetic loading =
0.6, specific electric loading = 29 kA/m.

5 Dec
10. Explain in steps the design of series field winding for a DC machine. 2019

11. a) Differentiate between square pole face and rectangular 3 Dec

pole face. 2019

b) A 4 pole 25hp, 500 V,600 rpm DC series motor has an efficiency of 82%.The pole 7 Dec
faces are square and the ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0.67, Bav=0.55 Wb/m2, 2019
ac=17000A/m. Obtain the main dimensions, number of slots, and conductors per
slot. Assume it to be wave winding.

12 Explain why a stationary armature and revolving field type of construction is most 5 Sep
convenient for a synchronous generator. 2020

13 What is meant by specific electric and specific magnetic loading in a dc machine? From 5 Sep 2020
first principles, obtain the expressions for specific magnetic loading and specific
electric loading.
14 A 350KW, 500V, 450 rpm, 6 pole dc generator is to built with an armature diameter of 5 Sep 2020
0.87m and core length of 0.32
m. The lap wound armature has 660 conductors. Calculate the specific electric and specific
magnetic loadings.

15 A 500KW, 460V, 8 pole, 375 rpm compound generator has an armature diameter of 1.1m 1 Sep 2020
and core length of 0.33m. Design a symmetrical armature winding. The armature ampere 0
conductors/metre are 34000.The internal voltage drop is 4% of terminal voltage and field
current is 1% of output current. The ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0.7.The voltage
between adjacent segments at no load should not exceed 15V and the slot loading should
not exceed 1500 amps. The diameter of the commutator is 0.65 of armature diameter and
minimum allowable pitch of segment is 4mm.
Make suitable assumptions.
14 Explain the procedure for designing the shunt field winding for a DC machine. 5 Dec 2020

15 Explain the criterion for the selection of number of poles in a dc machine. 5 Dec 2020

16 What are the design procedures of the field winding of a dc machine? 5 Dec 2020

17 A shunt field coil has to develop an mmf of 8000A. The voltage drop in the coil is 40 V 1 Dec 2020
and the resistivity of the round wire used is 0.021 Ω/m and mm2. The depth of the winding 0
is 35 mm approximately and the length of the mean turn is 1.8 m. Design a coil so that the
power dissipated is 800 W/m2 of the total coil surface. Take the diameter of the insulated
wire 0.2 mm greater than that of bare wire.

MODULE IV
1. Distinguish between cylindrical pole and salient pole 3 DEC 18

construction.

2. Write short notes on (i) Short circuit ratio (ii) Run away speed. 5 DEC 18
3. Determine the main dimensions of a 2500 kVA 187.5 rpm, 50Hz 3 phase 3kV, salient 7 DEC 18
pole synchronous generator.
The generator is to be a vertical, water wheel type. The specific magnetic loading is 0.6
wb/mm2 and the specific electric loading is 34000A/m. Use circular poles with ratio of
core length to pole pitch= 0.65. Specify the type of pole construction used if the
runaway speed is about 2 times
the normal speed.

4. Determine the main dimensions of a 500 kVA, 50Hz, 3 phase alternator to run at 375 5 DEC 18
rpm. The average air gap
flux density is 0.55wb/mm2, the specific electric loading
is 25000A/m. The peripheral speed should not exceed 35m/sec.

5. Explain different types of cooling systems used in synchronous 5 MAY 19

machines.

6 Find the main dimensions of a 2500 kVA, 187.5 rpm, 50 Hz, 3 phase, 3 kV, salient pole 1 MAY 19
synchronous generator. 0
The generator is to be vertical, water wheel type. The specific electric loading is 34000
A/m and Bav is 0.6 Wb/m2. Use circular poles with ratio of core length to pole pitch to
be 0.65. Specify the type of pole construction used if the run-away speed is about 2 times
the normal
speed.
7. Derive the output equation of an alternator. 4 DE
C
16
8. Explain step by step design procedure for field winding of synchronous machine. 1 DE
0 C
16
9. Determine the main dimensions for a 1000 kVA, 50 Hz, 3 phase, 375 rpm alternator. 1 DE
The average air gap flux density is 0.55 wb/m2 and the ampere conductors/metre are 0 C
28,000. Use rectangular poles and assume ratio of core 16

length to pole pitch as 2.

5 De
10. Salient pole alternators are not suitable for high speeds. Why? c
20
19
11. a) List the factors to be considered for the choice of 3 De
specific electric loading in synchronous machines. c
20
19
b) A 3 phase 1800 kVA, 3.3 kV, 50 Hz, 250 rpm, salient pole alternator has the 7 De
following design data. (i) Stator bore diameter = 230 cm (ii) Gross length of stator c
bore = 38 cm, (iii)Number of stator slots = 216, (iv)Number of conductors per slot
= 4 (v) Sectional area of stator conductor = 86 mm2 , Using the above data, 20
calculate (i) Flux per pole (ii) Flux density in the air gap (iii) Current density (iv) 19
Size of stator slot.

12. a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of higher number of poles in dc 5 De
machine? c
20
19

b) Explain any 3 methods of cooling for turbo alternators. 5 De

c
20
19
13 Derive the output equation of a synchronous generator 4 Se
p
20
 20

Find the main dimensions of a 2500 KVA, 187.5 rpm,50 Hz 6 Se

3 phase 3 KV salient pole synchronous generator. The generator is to be a vertical water p
wheel type. The specific magnetic loading is 0.6Wb/m2. The specific electric loading is 20
34000 Amp/m. Use circular poles with ratio of core length to pole pitch is 0.65. Specify
the type of pole 20
construction used. The runaway speed is about 2 times the normal speed

14 What are the important points to be considered while 5 Se

selecting the type of winding in dc machine? p
20
20
15 What are the factors to be considered for the design of field winding in a synchronous 5 De
machine? c
20
20
16 Derive the output equation of a synchronous machine. 4 Dec 2020

17 Estimate the diameter, core length, size, number of conductors and number of slots for 6 Dec 2020
stator of a 15MVA, 11KV, 50Hz, 2 pole star connected turboalternator with 60⁰ phase
spread. Assume Bav=0.55Wb/m2, ac=36000Amp/m, current density=5A/mm2, peripheral
speed=160m/sec. The winding should be arranged to eliminate 5th harmonics.

MODULE V

1. How do you separate ‘D’ and ‘L’ from the volume D2 L of 5 Dec
18
a 3 phase induction motor?

2. Explain the rules for selecting number of rotor slots in a three phase induction motor. 5 Dec
18

3. With all details of the various parameters including the units derive the output equation 5 Dec
of a 3 phase squirrel cage 18
induction motor.
4. Design the main dimensions of a 25 kW, 3 phase, 415V, 50 Hz, 1475 rpm squirrel 5 Dec
cage induction motor having an efficiency of 85 % and full load power factor of 0.86. 18
Assume Bav = 0.5T, ac = 28000A/m. The rotor peripheral

velocity is 25 m/s at synchronous speed.

5. Explain the procedure for separation of D and L from D2L 5 Dec

18
product while designing induction motors.

6. List out and explain the factors to be considered for 5 MAY

selection of specific electric loading in 3-phase induction motors. 19

7. State the main constructional differences between cage induction motor and slip ring 5 MAY
induction motor. 19

8. Design the main dimensions of a 25 kW, 3 phase, 415V, 50 Hz, 1475 rpm squirrel 5 MAY
cage induction motor having an efficiency of 85 % and full load power factor of 0.86. 19
Assume Bav= 0.5T, ac = 28000A/m. The rotor peripheral
velocity is 25 m/s at synchronous speed.
9. How do the iron losses affect selection of Bav? 5 MAY19

10 Explain cogging and crawling in 3-phase induction 5 MAY19

machines.

11 Explain the steps involved in designing rotor bar and end rings 5 MAY 16
of an induction motor.
12 5 Dec
State and explain the factors considered for selection of air gap length in induction 2019
motors.
13 5 Dec
List and justify the advantages of a larger air gap in induction motor. 2019

14 Estimate the stator core dimensions, number of stator slots and number of stator 10 Dec
conductors per slot for a 100 kW, 3300 V, 50 Hz, 12 pole, star connected slip ring 2019
induction motor. Assume, Average gap density=0.4 Wb/m2, ampere conductors per metre
= 25,000 A/m, Efficiency = 90%, Power factor = 0.9 and winding factor = 0.96. Choose
main dimensions to give best power factor. The slot loading should not exceed 500
Ampere conductors.

15 What are the guiding factors that decide the selection of ampere 5 Sep
conductors per metre of an induction machine? 2020
16 Derive output equation of induction machine. 5 Sep
2020
17 Explain the procedure for design of rotor bars and slots in a 5 Sep
squirrel cage induction motor. 2020
18 Derive an expression for the end ring current of a squirrel cage 5 Sep
induction motor. 2020
19 A 15KW, 440V, 4 poles, 50Hz, 3 Phase induction motor is built with a stator bore 0.25m 10 Sep
and core length of 0.16m. The specific loading is 23000Amp conductors/m. Using the data 2020
of this machine; determine the core dimensions, no. of stator slots and number of stator
conductors for a 11 KW, 460V, 6 pole, 50Hz motor. Assume a full load efficiency of 84%
and power factor
of 0.82 for each machine. The winding factor is 0.955.

20 What are the guiding factors for the choice of number of armature slots in a three-phase 5 Dec
induction machine? 2020
 21 What are the criteria for the choice of number of slots of an induction machine? 5 Dec 2020

22 What are the factors to be considered for the selection of air gap length of an induction 5 Dec 2020
motor?
23 Derive an expression for the end ring current of a squirrel cage induction motor. 5 Dec 2020

24 Estimate the stator core dimensions, number of stator slots and number of stator 10 Dec 2020
conductors per slot for a 100KW,3300V, 50Hz, 12 pole star connected slip ring induction
motor. Assume average gap density 0.4Wb/m2, ampere conductors/m=25000A/m,
efficiency=0.9, Power factor=0.96. Choose main dimensions to give best power factor.
The slot loading should not exceed 500 Ampere conductors.

MODULE VI

1. What is meant by discretization in finite element method? 5 DEC 18

2. Explain the hybrid techniques available for computer aided 5 DEC 18

design.
3. Explain how finite element method is used for analysis of electrical machines. 6 DEC 18

4. List out the advantages of FEM based methods over 4 DEC 18

conventional design
5. What is computer aided design? How does it help in designing 5 DEC 18
electrical machines?

6. Explain synthesis method for computer aided design of electrical machines 5 MAY 19

7. Explain on few software’s used for designing electrical 5 MAY 19

machines?
8 Explain on Analysis method of solving electrical machine 6 MAY
using CAD with a flow chart. 19

9 What are the advantages of analysis method? 4 MAY 19

10 Explain the steps involved in the computer aided design and 5 MAY 19
analysis of electrical machines.
11 Write a simple program based on Induction machines 1 MAY 16
0
12 List out and explain the features of three finite element based 5 Dec 2019
softwares for analysis of electrical machines.
13 Explain the basic concepts of computer aided design. 5 Dec
2019

14 5 Dec
Explain on synthesis method of solving electrical machine using CAD with a flow chart. 2019

15 What are the advantages of hybrid methods? 5 Dec

2019
16 Describe the salient features of computer aided design of 5 Sep
electrical machines. What are the advantages of computer aided design? 2020

17 Explain how FEM is used for the analysis of electrical machines 5 Sep
2020
18 What are the salient points of analysis methods of design of machine? Draw the flow 5 Sep
chart corresponding to analysis 2020
method

19 What are the hybrid techniques available for computer aided 5 Sep
design? 2020

20 What are the advantages of FEM based methods over conventional design methods? 5 Dec
2020

21 Compare the analysis method and synthesis method of machine design. 5 Dec 2020

22 Describe about finite element methods. What are its advantages and applications? 6 Dec 2020

23 What is computer aided design? How does it help in designing electrical machines? 4 Dec 2020
 QUESTION BANK
Subject : DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

MODULE I
Sl. No Questions Marks KTU/KU
(Month/Yea
r)
1 a) Explain, how DFT and IDFT can be expressed as Linear 3,3,5,4 KU April
Transformation (3) Marks 2013
b) b) Derive the relationship of OFT to Z-transform (3)
c) c) Find the circular convolution of x[n] = {I, 2, -1, 3, 4} and h[n]
= {2, -I, 4, 1, 3} (5)
d) d) Explain overlap add method for filtering of long data
sequences (4)
2 a) Define Stable And Unable System? 2,6,7 Marks KU April
b) Define Discrete Time Signal? Define Dynamic And Static System? 2013
c) How to Obtain the Output Sequence Of Linear Convolution Through
Circular Convolution?
3 a) Difference between DFT and DTFT. What is the convolution? 10
b) b).What is SISO system and MIMO system?
4 . Find the convolution of the signals x(n) = 1 n=-2,0,1= 2 n=-1= 0 10 KU May
2015
5 Detemine the solution of the difference equation y(n) = 5/6 y(n- 10
1) – 1/6 y(n-2) + x(n) for x(n) = 2nu(n)
6 Find the 4 point DFTs of two sequences g(n) and h(n) defined below, 10 KU April
using a single 4 point DFT. g(n)={1,2,0,1} and 2018
h(n)={2,2,1,1}.
7 Prove if x(n) is a real valued sequence, then its DFT X(K) =X* (N-K). 10 KU May
2015
8 a) Show that, if x[n] is a real and even sequence, then its OFT X[k] is 3,5,3,4 Marks KTU Dec
also real and even 2016
b) Find linear convolution of x[n] = {2, 3, -I} and h[n] = {I, -I, 2}, using
circular convolution.
c) Find the number of complex multiplications involved in the
calculation of a 1024 point DFT using
(i) direct computation(ii) radix-2 FFT algorithm
d) Explain, how N point DFTs of two real-valued sequences can be
found by computing a single N point OFT.

9 Determine the response y(n), n>=0 of the system described by the 10 KU April
second order difference equation y(n)– 4y(n-1) + 4y(n-2) = x(n) – x(n- 2014
1) when the input is x(n) = (-1)nu(n) and the initial condition are y(-1)
= y(-2)=1
10 a) Find the convolution of the signals x(n) = 1 n=-2,0,1= 2 n=- 10 KTU May
1= 0 elsewhere b) Show that the discrete time system described 2019
by the input-output relationship y[n] =nx[n] is linear?
11 10 KTU
Given x(n)={1,2,3,4,4,3,2,1},find X(K) using DIF FFT algorithm. September
2021
12 5 KTU
How will you compute linear convolution using DFTs September
2021
13 5 KTU
What is the necessity of computing Fast Fourier Transform? Calculate the number September
of multiplication needed in the calculation of DFT using FFT algorithm with 32 2021
point sequence

14 10 KTU
Find IDFT of the sequence December
using radix 2 DIF FFT algorithm {4,1-2.414j,0,1-0.414j,0,1+o.414j,1+2.4.4j}using 2019
radix 2 DITFFT algorithm

15 KTU
The first five points of the 8 point DFT of a real valued sequence are . Determine the December
2019
remaining three points

16 KTU
Consider the sequence x1(n)={ 0,1,2,3,4}, x2(n)={0,1,0,0,0}. Determine a sequence December
y(n) so that Y (K)=X1(K) X2(K) 2019

MODULE II
1 . a) Find 8 point OFT of x[n] = {2, I, -I, 3, S, 2, 4, I} using radix-2 15 Marks KU April
decimation in time (11) 2015
FFT algorithm
b) Explain, how a 2N point DFT of a 2N point real-valued sequence can
be found by (4)
computing a single N point OFT

2 a) How many multiplication terms are required for doing DFT 10 KU April
by expressional method and FFT method expression – N /2 log N 2013
b) Find the DIF FFT of x[n]={1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0}
c) Find the DIF FFT of x[n]={1,4,1,4,0,4,0,2}

3 a).State the properties of DFT. 10 KTU Dec

b) Define DFT and IDFT (or) What are the analysis and synthesis 2016
equations of DFT?
c) .How to obtain the output sequence of linear convolution through
circular convolution?

4 a) What is zero padding?What are its uses? 10 KU April

b) .Define sectional convolution. 2013
c) What is overlap-add method?

5 a) What is overlap-save method? 8 KTU Dec

b) What are the applications of FFT algorithm? 2017
c) What are differences between overlap-save and overlap-add methods.
6 Derive the DFT of the sample data sequence x(n) = {1,1,2,2,3,3}and 10 KU April
compute the corresponding amplitude and phase spectrum 2013

7 Given x(n) = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7} find X(k) using DIT FFT algorithm 10 KTU 2017
8 Given X(k) = {28,-4+j9.656,-4+j4,-4+j1.656,-4,-4-j1.656,-4-j4,-4- 10 KU April
j9.656} ,find x(n)using inverse DIT FFT algorithm. 2013

9 Find the inverse DFT of X(k) = {1,2,3,4} 8 KTU Dec

2017
10 Derive the DFT of the sample data sequence x(n) = {1,1,1,2,2,3,3,2}and 10 KU April
compute the corresponding amplitude and phase spectrum 2013

11 5 KTU Dec
Realise the given Transfer function with minimum number of multipliers. 2019

12 5 KTU Dec
Explain transposed structure with an exaple 2019

13 10 KTU Dec
Obtain direct form II, cascade form and parallel form realization of the LTI system 2019
governed by

14 Find the order of an analog Butterworth filter that has a -2dB passband KTU
attenuation at a frequency of 20rad/sec and atleast -10dB stopband Sep2020
attenuation at 30rad/sec

MODULE III

1 Distinguish between FIR filters and IIR filters. 10

2 What are the design techniques of designing FIR filters? What is Gibb’s 10 KTU Dec
phenomenon? 2016

3 List the steps involved in the design of FIR filters using windows. 10 KU May
2015
4 a) Prove that, if z! is a zero of a linear phase FIR filter, then liz! is also a 15 KU April
zero. (S) 2013
b) Design a linear phase FIR low pass filter having length M = IS and
cut-off (10)
frequency COc = 1£16. Use Hamming window.

5 a) Explain the design of linear phase FIR filters by the frequency 15 KU May
sampling method. (9) 2015
b) Explain the frequency transformations in the analog domain (6)
6 Find the transfer function of the realizable filter (N-1)/2 H(z)=z-(N-1)/2 10 KU 2017
[ h(0)+∑ h(n)(zn+z-n)] n=0
7 What are the desirable characteristics of the window function? 5 KTU Dec
2016
8 Give the equations specifying the following windows. 10 KTU Dec
a. Rectangular window 2016
b. Hamming window
c. Hanning window
d. Bartlett window
e. Kaiser window

9 a)What is the necessary and sufficient condition for linear phase 10 KU April
characteristic in FIR filter? (10) 2013
b) What is the principle of designing FIR filter using frequency sampling
method?
10 Design a low pass Butterworth digital filter to give attenuation of 3dB or 10 KTU Dec
less for frequencies up to 2kHz and attenuation of 20dB or more beyond 2019
4kHz. Use bilinear transformation and obtain H(z) of the desired filter.
Given sampling interval T=0.1 millisecond.

11 Write down the transfer function H(s) of a 3rd order Chebyshev low pass 5 KTU Sept
filter and cut-off frequency of 1 rad/sec. Determine H(z) by using 2020
approximation of derivative method with a sampling interval of 1 sec.

12 KTU Sept
Describe warping effect with a digram 2020

MODULE IV
1 . Design a digital Butterworth low pass filter with cop = 1£16, COs = 15 KTU Dec
1£14, minimum (15) 2016
pass band gain = -2dB and minimum stop band attenuation = 8dB. Use
bilinear transformation. (Take T = 1)

2 a) Write the steps in designing chebyshev filter? 10 KU May

b).Write down the steps for designing a Butterworth filter? 2015
c).State the equation for finding the poles in chebyshev filter
3 a) What is the reason that FIR filter is always stable? 10 KTU Dec
b) Under what conditions a finite duration sequence h(n) will yield 2016
constant group delay in its frequency response characteristics and not
the phase delay?
c)When cascade from realization is preferred in FIR filters?
4 a) Find the DFT of a sequence x(n)={1,2,3,4,4,3,2,1}using radix-2 DIT 10 KU April
algorithm. 2013
b) Find the IDFT of the sequence X(K)= {10,-2+2j,-2,-2-2j}.
5 In an LTI system the input sequence x(n)={1,1,1}and the impulse 10 KU May
response 2015
h(n)={-1,1}.Find the response of the LTI system by using DFT –IDFT
method
6 Derive the time reversal property of DFT. 5
7 Design an analog Butterworth filter that has a 2dB pass band attenuation 10 KTU Dec
at 2016
a frequency of 20 rad/sec and at least 10dB stop band attenuation at
30rad/sec
8 KTU Dec
What is the principle of designing FIR filter using frequency sampling 2019
method

9 Design a bandpass filter to pass the frequency in the range 1-2 KTU Dec
rad/samples using Hamming window. Also find frequency response of 2019
the filter. Take N=5.

10 The desired frequency response of a lowpass filter is given below. KTU Sept
2020

11 Using frequency sampling method design an FIR lowpass filter with KTU Sept
wc=π/4 for N=15. 2020

MODULE V
1 a) Find the lattice structure implementation of FIR filter h[n] = {I, 0.5, 20 KU May
0.75, -0.6} (6) 2015
b) Draw the direct form II structure and transposed direct form II
structure of He ) 1+0.5z-1-O.75z-2
Z = 1+0.6z-1+O.4z-2-O.2z-3
(5)
c) Draw the block diagram of TMS320C67XX and briefly explain the
function of each block (9)

2 a) Draw the direct form realization of linear phase FIR filter 20 KTU Dec
h[n] = {I, 0.5, 0.25, -0.5, 0.8, -0.5,0.25,0.5, I} using minimum 2016
multipliers.
b) Draw the signal flow graphs of direct form IT and cascade form
structures (5)
H(e ) (0.8+0.2z-1+O.6z-2)(1-0.6z-1)of z = (1-0.6z-1+O.8z-2)(1+0.8z-
LO.7z-2) (5)
c) Explain the effects of coefficient quantization in ITR and FIR filters.
(10)

3 Given X(k) = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,} ,find x(n) using inverse DIT FFT 5

algorithm
4 Consider the transfer function H(Z)=H1(Z)H2(Z) where H1(Z) =1/1- 10 KU April
a1Z-1H2(z) =1/ 1-a2Z-1Find the o/p Round of noise power Assume 2013
a1=0.7 and a2= 0.8and find o/p round off noise power
5 Design a filter with H d ( ejw )=e ̶ j3w , ̶ π/4≤w≤π/4 0 ,π/4<│w│<π 10 KU May
Using Hanning window with N=7 . 2015
6 Explain the relevance of window function and explain each window 15 KU May
2015
7 . a) For the constraints 0.8≤│H ( ejw )│≤1 , 0≤w≤0.2π 10 KTU Dec
│H ( ejw )│≤0.2 ,0.6π≤w≤π 2016
With T=1sec.Determine system function H(z) for a Butterworth filter
using impulse invariant method.
8 Explain the bilinear transformation method of IIR filter design 10 KTU Sept
2020
9 Obtain the limit cycle behaviour of the system described by , where is KTU Dec
the output of the filter and is the rounded operation. Assume , & , for 2019

choose 4 bit including sign bit.

10 Draw the product quantization noise model of IIR system with two first KTU Dec
order sections in cascade. 2019

11 Find the effect of coefficient quantization on pole locations of the given KTU Sept
IIR system when it is realised in cascade form. Assume a word length of 2020
3 bits excluding sign bit.

12 Check whether limit cycle exists for the following first order IIR filter KTU Sept
with difference equation [ ] if and the input The data register length is 4 2020
bits including sign bit. Q[.] represents rounding operation

MODULE VI
1 Obtain the direct form I, direct form II, cascade and parallel form 10 KU April
realization for the system 2013
y(n)= ̶ 0.1y(n ̶ 1)+0.2y(n ̶ 2)+3x(n)+2.6x(n ̶ 1)+0.6x(n ̶ 2).
2 Filter is given by the system function H(z)=1+ (1/3)z-1 +(1/4) z-2 +(1/4) 10 KU May
z-3+(1/3) z-4 + z-5. Implement the filter with minimum number of 2015
multipliers. will the filter have linear phase characteristics?
3 What are the factors involved with finite word length effects in digital 10 KTU Dec
filters. 2016
Explain any two effects in detail.
4 Find the steady state variance of the noise in the output due to 10 KU May
quantization of input for the first order filter y(n)=ay(n-1)+x(n). 2015
5 a) Give the output of decimation by M system in time domain. Explain 20 KTU Dec
output (10) 2016
frequency spectrum. What is the importance of low pass filtering prior to
downsampling?
b) How does a floating-point number represented in a processor? Explain
the (5)
operations of addition and multiplication of two floating point numbers
with examples.
c) Derive the variance of quantization noise in ADC with step size fl.
(Assume (5)
quantization noise has uniform distributed pdf with zero mean)
6 The output signal of an A/D converter is passed through a low pass filter 12 KU April
with transfer function is given by H(z)=(1-a)z/(z-a) for 0<a<1.Find the 2013
steady state output noise power due to quantization at the output of the
digital filter
7 List out any two features of a fixed point processor that distinguishes it 10 KU May
from a floating point processor. 2015
8 How the instruction sets of TMS320C24x processor are classified 5 KTU
Sept2020
9 With a functional block diagram, explain the main architectural features 10 KTUSept20
of TMS320C24x processor 20

10 Define any 5 branching instructions in TMS 320 C24x processor 5 KTU

Dec2019
11 5 KTUSept20
How instruction set is classified in TMS 320 C24x processor? 20
 QUESTION BANK
Subject: Electrical System Design (EE 405) S7 EEE
Sl No. Question Marks YEAR

Module 1

1 Why it is necessary to have pre-commissioning tests of electrical 5 KTU

installations. Dec
2020

2 Mention the Scope of Indian electricity act 2003 in brief. 5 KTU

Dec 2019

3 What are the relevance of IS 3043, IS 732, IS 2675, IS 5216-P12, IS 2309 10 KTU
Dec2020
4 a) What are the steps to be followed for safety precautions against electric 10 KTU
shock? May
2018
b) Describe electric service in buildings.

5 State the Classification of voltages with standards and specification 6 KU June

2018

6 List the names of three major building services and three minor building 10
services

7 What are the major changes that has been brought about in Indian 5 KTU
Electricity Act 2003? Dec2020

8 Discuss the role of NEC 2011 in Electrical systems design 10 KU June

2017

9 What are the importance of IS 3043, IS 732? KTU

Dec 2019

10 Explain the significance of the Electricity Act 2003 5 KTU

Sep 2020

11 How can connected load of an domestic installation be calculated as per 5 KTU

NEC guidelines Sep 2020

12 a) Describe the scope of National Electric Code 2011 10 KTU

(b) Describe the selection procedure of main distribution board in domestic Sep 2020
installations
13 a) What are the safety aspects applicable to low and medium voltage 10 KTU
installations in view of National Electric Code 2011 Sep 2020
b) ( b) Discuss the necessity of pre-commissioning tests in an electrical
installation. What the different pre-commissioning tests for the
electrical installation?
 Module 2
1 What are the Pre-commissioning tests to be conducted during domestic installations? 5 KTU
Dec2020
2 Specify a circuit breaker having both short circuit and overload protection. Explain 5 KTU
its difference between MCB and ELCB. May
2019
3 a) What are different protective devices used in domestic installation? Explain each 10 KTU
one in detail. Dec2
b) Describe the selection procedure for ELCB for domestic and industrial dwelling. 020

4 The details of a residential building are given. Dining cum Drawing room – 8m x 10 KTU May
4m, Bedroom (3 nos) - 4m x 4m, kitchen -4m x 3m, Work area - 4m x 2m,Toilet (3 2019
nos.attached) - 1.5 x 2.5m,Office room-3m x 3m .Draw the lay- out, design and
prepare the materials required for electrification using concealed conduit wiring
system Assume missing data if any.

5 Design illumination for a domestic building with the following details. Bed room – 20 KU May
3mx3m (2no.s), Living Room 4mx3m, Kitchen 3mx2.5m, dining 3mx3m, store 2014
2mx1.5m, stair area 1.5mx1.5m, Verandha 1mx1.5m. Assume coefficient of
utilization and maintenance factor as0 .8 &0.6 respectively

6 A residential building has the following loads. Design the electrical system for the 20 CUSAT
building and draw the single line schematic diagram May
2017
Number of light points 42
Number of power points 6
Ceiling fans 7
6A sockets 10
Room airconditioners-1.5T each

Also, determine: 1. Connected load of the building and Maximum demand 2.

Number of Light and Power circuits 3. Type of power supply required 4
Specification of the distribution board

7 Write short note on Air- Conditioning of residential building 5

8 Explain the selection of main distribution board, sub distribution board, MCB, ELCB, 7
MCCB and cables for sub circuits for domestic installation.

9 What are the factors which decide the power distribution architecture in an electrical 5 KTU
installation of an industry? Dec
2018

10 Draw the single line diagram of a 250kVA, 11kV/433V indoor substation and justify 5 KTU
the component ratings. Sep 2020
1 Design an electrical schematic for the residential building with following 10 KTU
1 details. Locate the positions of meter board, Main Switch board, DB, switch Dec
boards. 2018

12 The plan layout of a one bed room domestic building is shown below. Locate 10 KTU
the light, fan, socket points etc., required for the electrification of the building as Sep 2020
per NEC requirements. Calculate (a) Connected load of the building (b)
Maximum demand in kW (c) Type of supply required (d) Number of light and
power circuits (e) Details of the distribution board selected
 Module 3
1 How is Industrial Installations classified? 5
2 a) Design a wiring plan for installing a 75HP induction motor in an 10 KTU May
industry. b) How do you select the starter for the above Induction motor of 2019
0.8pf, 75% efficiency? Explain.
3 A 10 hp three phase induction motor is to be installed in a workshop which 10 KTU
is located 25m away from the main distribution panel board. Prepare an Dec2020
estimate of the quantity of materials required. Also show the layout of the
wiring.
4 Design a substation suitable for a thickly populated area with an 10 KTU
11kV/433V, 400 kVA transformer. The LT panel consists of six outgoing Dec2020
feeders’ 200A two numbers, 100A two numbers and 63 A two numbers of
capacity.Draw the single line schematic diagram with all protective
devices. Also prepare list of materials required.

5 A small industry has the following connected load. 20 KU June

i. 7.5kW, 415V, three phase IM 1No
 ii. 3.7kW, 415V.three phase IM 3Nos 2015
iii. 2.2kW, 415V, three phase IM 3Nos
iv. 0.735W, 240V, single phase IM 3Nos
v. Lighting load consisting of 15Nos 2x40W fluorescent
fixtures, 6Nos, ceiling fans, 6Nos 6A socket points, 3Nos
16A power socket points and 3Nos, 300mm Sweep
exhaust fans.
Prepare a schematic wiring diagram for the industry. (Specify the type of
Industry) Design the sizes of the incoming and outgoing switch fuse units
of the switch board and the starting devices for the motors
6 Draw the single line diagram of an indoor substation showing all 5
accessories of the system

7 A 37kW/50HP, 415 V, three phase squirrel cage motor is having a blocked 20

rotor kVA/HP of 6 and a blocked rotor power factor of 0.35. If the motor
is started with a DOL starter, determine the percentage voltage drop at
starting. Also determine the maximum number of starts permitted per hour
based on the voltage flicker curve

8 Draw the single line diagram of a transformer substation of 400 kVA, 11 10 KTU Dec
kV/ 415 V, dry type transformer. Specify the rating of each unit at the 2018
primary and secondary side of the transformer with proper justification.

9 a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of an outdoor type 10 KTU May
substation over an indoor type substation? 2019

b) What are the classifications of the substations according to its

functions?

10 Explain the pre-commissioning tests for cables. 5 KTU Sep

2020

11 a) Which are the pre-commissioning tests on power transformers used 10 KTU Sep
in an electrical installation. Explain 2020
b) ( b) An outdoor pole mounted 11kV/433 V substation has to be
installed for supply to a residential area having a load of 63 kVA.
With the help of a neat diagram, make a list of materials required.
12 Why it is necessary to have pre-commissioning tests of electrical 5 KTU Dec
installations 2019

13 Draw the single line diagram of an indoor substation showing all 5 KTU Dec
accessories of the system. 2019
 Module 4
1 Describe a procedure for selection of cables and methods of cables 5 KTU
glanding Dec2020
2 Design an earthing system for an industry having 11KV/433V substation 10 KTU May
transformer is of 1MVA,7% of reactance and a line reactance of 2019
2ohm.Assume fault level of 200MVA for HV side. soil resistivity is
50ohm-meter
3 What are the permissible values of reactance of earth for large power 10 KU June
stations and domestic installations? 2017
4 a) How do you design an earth mat in substation? Explain its importance. 10 KTU May
2019
b) What are most common test in UG cables? Explain.

5 Design the earthing system for an industry having a 11kV/433V, 2 MVA 10 KTU
transformer with 6% reactance. The industry is fed from a grid substation Dec2020
3km away by overhead line conductors of 84.1 sq.mm Al (Grasshopper)
section and 1m spacing. The fault level at the grid substation is 250MVA.
Assume earth resistivity at the transformer location as 70 ohm.m.
6 What are the pre-commissioning tests to be conducted on a transformer? 10

7 What is the significance of short circuit level in designing the earthing 10

system for a transformer substation?
8 What are the pre-commissioning tests to be conducted on cables? 10

9 (a) Which are the main factors to be taken into account for the selection of 10 KTU
cables, Explain Sep 2020
(b) Fault current anticipated in a location is 8000A. soil resistivity = 10 Ω-
m. Earth resistance is limited to 1Ω. Design an earthing system. Fault
duration can be taken as 3seconds. Plate electrode of 1.2m×1.2m×12.5mm
shall be used
10 A 400kVA, 11kV/433V delta-star connected transformer is installed in an 10 KTU
industry. This transformer is connected to 11kV supply through an over-head Sep 2020
line of length 2.5 km. The conductor used is RABBIT with an equilateral
spacing of 900 mm. The percentage reactance of the transformer is 4% and
the full load copper loss of the transformer is 2%. The three-phase short
circuit power at the utility substation is 400MVA. The resistance of the line
conductor is 0.454Ω/km. Calculate peak short circuit current on the primary
and secondary terminals of the transformer
 Module 5

1 What are the requirements of a good artificial lighting scheme? 5 KTU

June
2019

2 Write short note on energy efficient lamps 5 KTU

Dec
2020
3 What you do mean by flood lighting? List out the requirements of a good flood 10 KTU
lighting scheme used for a football stadium June
2018

4 The Kinfra apparel park provides space area of 40 m long, 20 m wide and 8 m in 15 KU
height to a textile company. The luminaires are suspended 1.5 m below ceiling June
level. The sewing machines are placed 1 m high from the floor level. Calculate the 2018
minimum number of luminaires which must be installed to conform a recommend
SHR (Space height ratio) of 1.5 : 1. Clearly show the layout of the luminaires.

5 What are the main factors to be considered while designing street/ road lighting? 10 KTU
June
2018

6 a) Explain rising mains and rising buses in high rise buildings. 10 KTU
May
b) Explain the various design parameters taken into consideration while designing 2019
street lighting and flood lighting.

7 A lamp giving out 1200 lm in all directions is suspended 8 m above the working 5 KTU
plane. Calculate the illumination at a point on the working plane 6 m away from Sep
the foot of the lamp 2020

8 An office 30m X 15m is illuminated by twin 40w fluorescent luminaries of lumen 10 KTU
output 5600 lumens. The lamps being mounted at a height of 3m from the work Dec
9 a) A corridor is lighted by 4 lamps spaced 10 m apart and suspended at a height of 5 5 KTU
m above the centre line of the floor. If each lamp gives 200 candle-power in all Sep
directions below the horizontal, find the illumination at the point on the floor mid- 2020
way between the second and third lamps.
10 What are the requirements of efficient street lighting? 5 KTU
Dec
2019
11 Mention the features of good lighting scheme for buildings? 5 KTU
Dec
2019

12 A parking area measuring 135m in length and 90 m in width is to be provided with 15

area lighting. The specifications given are
Illumination required = 10 lux
Mounting height restriction = 10 m
Lamps per pole = 2

The available lamp details are

Determine the layout of the lighting scheme with the wattage of lamps required

13 a) What is the significance of LLF in lighting design? Explain its components. 10 KTU
b) Design the lighting scheme for an area measuring 160m x 80m using high Sep 2020
pressure sodium vapour lamps. The design requirements are illumination level =
15 lux, mounting height of pole = 10m, coefficient of utilization = 0.7, light loss
factor = 0.75, with two luminaires per pole. Assume a ratio of spacing to
mounting height as 4.0

Details HPSV LPSV

CU 0.60 0.55

LLF 0.75 0.9

 Module 6
1 Explain the rules for selection of standby generator set 10 KTU
Dec2020
2 Explain the energy conservation techniques in lighting and power 10 KTU
Dec2020
3 a) Explain with suitable line diagram, how standby generators can include 10 KTU May
in existing electrical supply system. Assume HT consumer connection. 2019

b) Write short notes on generator installation and its protection.

4 Define the function of AMF panel in electrical supply system 5 KTU Dec
2018
5 Explain the procedure for the initialization of Solar PV systems for 10
domestic applications
6 What are the factors affecting the initialization of Solar PV systems for 10
domestic applications
7 Explain Continuous, prime power and standby power 10
8 What are the various energy conservation techniques imposed in 5 KTU May
buildings? 2019
9 a) What is energy conservation techniques imposed in buildings? Mention KTU May
its necessity. (5) b) Distinguish between continuous power, prime power
10 What are the design considerations of solar PV system for domestic 10 KTU Sep
applications 2020

and standby power related with standby generator. 2019

11 What are the design considerations of a good lighting scheme 5 KTU Sep
2020
12 Distinguish between standby power, continuous power, prime power related 5 KTU Sep
with standby generators 2020
13 What are the different types of design for PV systems? Explain with the help 5 KTU Sep
of neat block diagram 2020
14 Explain with the help of block diagram the working of automatic main 5 KTU Sep
failure system 2020
15 What are the factors to be considered while selecting a standby generator? 5 KTU Dec
2019
16 Briefly explain need of a solar PV system for domestic application. 5 KTU Dec
2019
 QUESTION BANK
Subject: EE401 Electronic communication
S7 EEE

Module 1

Sl. No Questions Mark KU/KTU

s (Month/Year)

1 Compare amplitude and frequency modulation in transmission 6 KU May

2014

2 With block diagram explain generation of double sideband 10 KU Dec 2016

carrier Am

3 Expression for total power in AM signal 10 KUDECEMR0

16

4 Expression for modulation index of Am signal and explain 4 KTU

each term Dec2016

5 What is meant by over modulation 4 KU-Nov2017

6 Expression for frequency modulated signal 10 KU-Nov2017

7 Different type of amplitude modulated system 10 KU-Nov2017

8 What are advantages and disadvantages of SSB systems 5 KU-Nov2017

9 Distinguish between high level and low level modulation 10 KU-Model

question

10 Advantage of SSB transmissions 4 KU-Model

question

11 Compare the characteristics of FM and am what is advantage 6 KU-Model

of FM over AM question
12 Explain the advantages of FM over AM. 5 KU-Dec2018

13 What are the factors to be considered in selecting 5 KU-Dec2018

Intermediate Frequency?

14 a) Calculate the percentage power saving for the SSB signal 10 KU-Dec2018
if the AM wave is
modulated to a depth of (a) 100% and (b) 50%

b) With the help of block diagram, explain filter method

for the generation of SSB
AM.

15 a) Describe the frequency spectra of SSB and VSB signals. 10 KU-Dec2018

b) With neat circuit diagram, explain the operation

of Balanced slope detector

16 When do you prefer VSB signals to SSB. Why 5 KTU

MAY2019

17 Show that the maximum transmitting power of an AM signal 5 KTU

is 1.5 times the carrier power DEC2019

18 Define AM and derive the equation for AM wave. 5 KTU

SEP2020

19 a) With the help of a block diagram, explain “phase shift 5 KTU

method” of SSB generation. Show mathematically SEP2020
how one of the sideband is cancelled in this method.

20 a) Compare and contrast between SSB and VSB. 5 KTU

b) Explain the operation of balanced slope detector. SEP2020

21 How is the DSB-FC wave generated using diode 5 KTUDEC202

nonlinearity? 0

22 With the help of neat schematic, prove that the balanced 10 KTUDEC202
modulator produces an output consisting of sidebands 0
only.
23 4 KTUDEC202
Describe the frequency spectra of SSB and VSB signals. 0

Module 2

1 Draw and explain the block diagram of high level and low level 4 KU May
AM transmitter 2014

2 Explain the working of Foster Seely discriminator with the help 10 KU May
of neat circuit diagram and relevant vector diagram 2014

3 With neat block diagram explain super heterodyne 10 KU May

receiver. Mention the Functions of each block 2014

4 Describe the working of peak detector circuit with relevant 10 KU May

figures How is heterodyning method different from 2014
multiplication method of frequency up-conversion

6 Describe the necessity of AFC loop with reference to direct 4 KU May

FM transmitter 2014

7 Mention advantages of Foster Seely discriminator over 10 KU Dec 2016

balanced slope detector

8 With block diagrams explain the working of Amstrong 10 KU Dec 2016

FM transmitter

9 Explain the factors to be considered for the selection of IF 4 KU Dec 2016

10 What are the applications of low level AM transmitter? With 10 KU Nov 2017
the help of block diagram explain its operation in detail
11 Draw the block diagram of a super heterodyne AM 10 KU-Dec2018
receiver. Describe its
operation stating the primary functions of each stage

12 Explain the phase shift method for the generation of SSB AM 5 KTU
DEC2019

13 Explain with a neat sketch, the working of super heterodyne 5 KTU

receiver. SEP2020

14 Explain the operation of balanced slope detector. 5 KTU

SEP2020

15 Explain the generation of FM using Armstrong method with 10 KTU

suitable block diagram. SEP2020

16 With necessary circuit and phasor diagrams, explain the 10 KTUDEC202

working of Foster 0
Seeley discriminator.

17 Explain the working of AGC circuit 5 KTUDEC202

0

Module 3

1 Explain block diagram of monochrome TV receiver 10 KU May

2014

2 Sketch and explain composite video signal and mention 10 KU May

the necessity of synchronizing and blanking pulses 2014

3 Write note on HDTV 10 KU May

2014

4 Explain interlaced scanning procedure in TV transmission. 10 KU May

Mention its advantage 2014

5 Explain the principal of RADAR and its application 10 KU Dec2016

6 With schematic of black and white picture tube explain working 10 KU Dec2016
7 What is need of sync.pulses in TV signal 10 KU Dec2016

8 Mention different TV standards and the frequency bands used 10 KU Dec2016

for TV signal transmission

9 Briefly discuss radar performance factors 10 KU Nov2017

10 How is colour transmitted in colour TV system 10 KU Nov2017

11 Explain the features of interlaced scanning. 5 KU-Dec2018

12 a) Draw the block diagram of a pulsed radar system. 10 KU-Dec2018

Explain the functions of each block.

b) Explain with the help of a neat sketch, the working of a

TV picture tube.

13 Explain the need of blanking pulses in the scanning process 5 KTU

of television system DEC2019

14 Explain the basic performance factors of RADAR and derive 10 KTU

the radar range equation DEC2019

15 Draw and explain the block diagram of cable TV 5 KTU

DEC2019

16 Derive the radar range equation and mention factors affecting 5 KTU SEP2020
range of a radar.

17 Explain the block diagram of monochrome TV receivers. 10 KTU SEP2020

18 Draw and explain the block diagram of the HDTV transmitter 5 KTU SEP2020
or receiver.

19 With relevant sketch explain the principle of operation of any 5 KTUDEC202

one of the camera tube 0

20 Explain the operation of a typical cable TV system with a neat 6 KTUDEC202

sketch. 0

21 n a television the Picture and Sound modulations are distinct. 4 KTUDEC202

Explain 0
22 Differentiate between Luminance and chrominance signal in a 5 KTUDEC202
colour television 0

23 Draw and explain the schematic diagram of a wireless CCTV 10 KTUDEC202

configuration. How does it differ from a wired CCTV system? 0

Module 4

1 Explain PCM used in digital communication 10 KU May

2014

2 Briefly explain what is meant by quantizing 10 KU May

2014

3 Explain basic principle of pulse code modulation 4 KU Dec2016

4 What is meant by aliasing 4 KU Dec2016

5 State and explain sampling theorem 4 KU Nov2017

,4

6 With the help of necessary diagram explain process in PCM 10 KU Nov2017

7 List out the basic pulse modulation technique and explain 10 KU Nov2017
anyone in detail ,

8 Describe the generation and demodulation of PAM 10 KU May

2010

9 Describe the generation and demodulation of PWM 10 KU May

2010

10 Describe the generation and demodulation of PPM KU 20 KU May

2010

11 Describe the sampling process 10 KU –May 2014

12 What is PPM .Draw pulse position modulated wave 10 KU –May 2014

13 Compare PAM,PPM,PWM 10 KU –May 2014

14 Write short note on natural sampling and flat top sampling 5 KTU SEP2020
process in digital communication.
14 Illustrate PWM and state the merits and demerits. 5 KU-Dec2018

15 Explain the schematic for PAM generation process using 6 KU-Dec2018

flat top sampling.

16 Explain the block schematic for PCM generation process. 6 KU-Dec2018

17 Explain the principles of differential PCM system? 4 KU-Dec2018

18 Explain with diagram, different pulse modulation 5 KTU SEP2020

techniques.
19 a) With neat sketches, explain the complete system of 10 KTU
transmission and reception of pulse code modulation. SEP2020
b) Differentiate between PAM, PWM and PPM
20 Write short note on natural sampling and flat top sampling 5 KTU
process in digital communication. SEP2020

21 Explain the schematic for PPM generation process. 6 KTUDEC202

0

22 Distinguish between ideal, natural and Flat top sampling. 4 KTUDEC202

0

23 Explain the sampling theorem used in pulse modulation. 5 KTUDEC202

0

Module 5

1 What are Multiple access (MA) techniques

2 FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA - applications in

satellite communication

3 MA techniques applications in wired communication

4 MA techniques applications in satellite communication

5 What are earth stations

6 What are different types of fibers

7 What are sources and detectors in fiber optic communication

8 What are digital filters

9 Explain with block diagram what is an optical link 5 KTU-
Dec2019

10 Give comparison between TDMA and FDMA 5 KU-Dec2018

11 Explain CDMA referred to satellite communication. 5 KU-Dec2018

12 Explain the major components in a fibre optic 5 KU-Dec2018

communication link with the help of block diagram.

13 Explain the block diagram of an earth station used for 6 KU-Dec2018

satellite communication.

14 What are the advantages of optical fibre communication? 4 KU-Dec2018

15 Explain any two detectors used in optical fibre 6 KU-Dec2018

communication

16 Explain the principle of any two Photo-detection methods 5 KTU-

in optical fiber communication Dec2019

17 With block diagram, explain the encoding and decoding 10 KTU-

process in CDMA technique applicable to satellite Dec2019
communication

18 Explain CDMA satellite system with block diagram. 10 KTU

SEP2020

19 With block diagram, explain the working of an optical fibre 5 KTU

communication SEP2020
system

20 Explain different types of optical fibre. 5 KTU

SEP2020

21 Draw and explain the block diagram of earth station. 5 KTU

SEP2020

22 Highlight the role of FDMA in satellite communication. 5 KTUDEC202

0
23 5 KTUDEC202
Explain frequency hopping referred to CDMA. 0

24 State the basic requirements of fibre optic light sources. 5 KTUDEC202

0

25 Explain the block diagram of a satellite repeater. 5 KTUDEC202

0

26 Explain SDMA referred to satellite communication. 10 KTUDEC202

0

Module 6

1 Explain the need of cell splitting and frequency rescue in KU May

cellular communication 2014

2 Describe the stages involved in hand off procedure. KU May

Also differentiate between soft and hard handoff 2014

3 Explain a))Sectoning b)Dualisation 10 KU May

2014

4 Draw the block diagram of analog cellular transceiver KU Dec2016

5 Explain various interferences associated with 4 KU Dec2016

cellular communication

6 Explain handoff in cellular communication 4 KU Dec2016

7 What is meant by frequency reuse in mobile communication 4 KU Dec2016

8 List out the two-way mobile communication services KU Nov2017

9 Explain the concept of frequency reuse. 5 KU-Dec2018

10 Explain the concept of Cellular approach Frequency KU Nov2017
reuse Cell splitting

Frequency reuse

Cell splitting

11 Describe the components of cellular system layout KU Nov2017

12 Identify any three features of Bluetooth and explain how 5 KTU

does it benefit for wireless applications DEC2018

13 Explain cell splitting technique. 5 KTU

DEC2018

14 Explain the networking capability of Zig-Bee? 4 KTU

DEC2018

15 With a block schematic explain the operation of GPS. 5 KTU

May2019

16 Explain how cell splitting improves the capacity. 5 KTU

May2019

17 Explain the Bluetooth based communication systems. 5 KTU

DEC2019

18 Describe any two call processing methods in a cellular 5 KTU

telephone system DEC2019

19 Explain the architecture of Zigbee system. 5 KTU

SEP2020

20 Explain with schematic, the architecture of Bluetooth. 5 KTU

SEP2020

21 Explain different techniques to improve the capacity in cellular 10 KTU

system. SEP2020
22 Differentiate between Wi-fi and Wi-max. 5 KTU
SEP2020

23 With a schematic explain the principle of WiMax system. 5 KTUDEC202

0

24 Write notes on ZigBee architecture. 5 KTUDEC202

0

25 Explain the steps involved in call processing in cellular 10 KTUDEC202

communication for: 0
a) i) mobile to mobile, ii) mobile to wire line.
b) Give the difference between co-channel interference and
adjacent channel interference.

26 Explain cell sectoring technique. 5 KTUDEC202

0
Write short note on
a) Short duration voltage wave form
b) Long duration voltage wave form

Explain different sources and effect of power quality problems ?

Why we are concern about power quality ? Discuss the effect of sag on
power instrument?

Explain about wave form distortion and Flicker ?

What do you mean by voltage and swell as per IEEE standards?

2020
15 Define power quality .What are the sources of power quality? 5 KTU
DEC
2020

16 Explain in detail about different power quality issues. 10 KTU

DEC
2020

17 With the help of waveform explain the term DC offset. 4

KTU
DEC
2020
 5 KTU
14 Define TIF and C-message weight factor. DEC2020

15 Explain about different sources of harmonics in electrical distribution system. 10 KTU

DEC2020
16 Explain the terms THD & DIN. How are they related to each other? 6 KTU
DEC2020

Define windowing. How window function can be used for harmonic

9 analysis? 5

10
Let f(x) be a function of period 2π such that f(x) = 1, -π < x < 0 = 0, 0< x < π
Sketch a graph of f(x) in the interval - 2π < x < 2π. Find the Fourier series of 10 KTU
DEC
f(x) 2020
12
What is the operation of spectrum analyzer? 5 KTU DEC
2020

KTU DEC
13 What is meant by aliasing? 4
2020

Write short note on the power quality Monitoring Considerations ? 6 KTU DEC
14 2020
15 Mention the factors that should be considered for selecting the instrument 5 KTU DEC
2020

KTU DEC
5
16 What are the types of power quality measurement equipment ? 2020
15 What are the advantages and disadvantages of passive filter? 5 KTU
DEC
2020

16 Explain hybrid filters? 5 KTU

DEC
2020
17 Discuss the steps involved in harmonic filter design. 10 KTU
DEC
2020
With neat diagram, explain the operation of series active filter to improve
18 power Quality ? 5 KTU
DEC
2020
17 Explain common mode noise and transverse mode noise. 5 KTU DEC
2020

18 Explain about high frequency EMI sources. 5 KTU DEC

2020

19 Explain various power quality conditioners for smart grid 5 KTU DEC
2020
20 Explain about power quality issues of grid connected energy sources. KTU DEC
5 2020

21 What are the methods to mitigate EMI? 5 KTU DEC

2020