Modular Approach

Month of February
Business Ethics & Social Responsibility
GRADE 12
Second Semester S.Y. 2021-2022

Course Description: The course deals with the fundamental concepts, principles,
and practices of ethical standards in the business environment. It combines the
theoretical foundations of setting up business enterprises with the conduct of
entrepreneurial activities in the context of one’s accountability and social responsibility.

Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of:

1.1 Classical philosophies specifically, virtue ethics (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Confucius,
etc.)

1.2 The impact of belief systems (Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, etc.)

1.3 the Filipino Value System (Utang na Loob, Filial Piety, Padrino Suki, Bahala na -
Mañana, Amor Propio, Filipino Family Values)

Performance Standard: The learners shall be able to:

1.1 Identify the classical philosophies and their implication for business principles and
practices

1.2 Describe various belief systems, and their similarities and differences in relation to
the business setting

1.3. Describe how the Filipino value system affects the attitudes of business constituents

Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC): The learners:

1.1 Compare and contrast classical philosophies as they relate to the business setting.

1.2 Give examples of how belief systems affect business practices

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1.3 Analyze simple business situations as they are affected by the Filipino value system
and recommend ways of confronting ethical challenges in the business setting.

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

Business Organization refers to how a business is structured.

Sole Proprietorship is a business owned by one person.

Examples: Sari-sari store, carinderia, flower shops, General

Merchandising

Partnership is an association of two or more people as partners

share the profit and liabilities of a business venture.
Examples: restaurant, cafes, laundry shops, bars, bookstores

Corporation is an entity created by law that is separate and distinct

from its owner and its continued existence is dependent upon the
corporate statues of the state in which it is incorporated.
Examples: San Miguel Corporation, Jollibee Corporation, Globe
Telecom

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Good Corporate Governance in all businesses and
even in non-profit organizations such as foundations
is very important in order to build trust and confidence with the
investors, donors, and the community in general. A good corporate
governance builds the integrity of the institution.

Below are the Core Principles of a Good Corporate Governance:

FAIRNESS

Fairness comes from the old English word faeger, which means
“pleasing or attractive.” It is the quality of making judgments that are
free from discrimination. Fairness in the context of a business
organization involves balancing the interests involved in all decision-
making including any decisions related to hiring, firing (including the
investigatory process), and the compensation and rewards system.

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Hiring the right people is one of the most important decisions an
organization makes.

ACCOUNTABILITY

Accountability is the obligation of an individual or organization

to account for its activities, accept responsibility for them, and to
disclose the results in a transparent manner.
Accountability in the context of a business organization is the
obligation to demonstrate that work has been conducted in
compliance with agreed rules and standards or to report fairly and
accurately on performance results vis-à-vis mandated roles and/or
plans.

TRANSPARENCY

Transparency is defined as being authentic in the way an

organization message themselves externally – to stakeholders, to
prospective customers and talent, and within the community. It
allows stakeholders to understand whether the activities of social
institutions provide a genuine service to civil society and whether
money is used appropriately.
Thus, transparency means there is lack of hidden agendas or
conditions, accompanied by the availability of full information
required of collaboration, cooperation, and collective decision-making.

STEWARDSHIP

In Biblical terms, stewardship is defined as utilizing and

managing all resources God provides for the glory of God and the
betterment of His creation. That definition plays a critical role in
today’s business landscape. In the context of business organization,
stewardship refers to taking responsibility for the business and the
effects it has on the world around it. This involves considering more

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than just the bottom line and looking at elements such as values,
ethics, and morals.

Assessment

I. TRUE OR FALSE
__________1. Fairness involves balancing the interests involved in all
decision-
making including decisions related to employees’ hiring, firing,
compensation, and reward system.
__________2. Transparency allows stakeholders to understand whether
the
activities of social institutions such as internet organizations and
NGOs provide a genuine service to civil society and whether money is
used appropriately.
__________3. Transparency means to be liable to explain or justify
one’s action
and decision.
__________4. Accountability is the quality of making judgment that is
free from
discrimination.
__________5. Accountability implies responsibility.

II. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. You insert the exact amount into the vending machine at
school for a can of soda. Two cans are released from the machine.
What will you do with the extra can of soda?
a. Offer the can of juice to your classmate.
b. Keep the extra can of soda for you.
c. Report an incident to appropriate school personnel.

2. Employees expect that their employers will be transparent.

What does this refer to?
a. The need for an office space to use glass walls.
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 b. Employees are responsible for their employer’s actions.
c. Employers to provide honest and clear information to their
employees.

3. Joseph found out his teacher’s password to open her

Facebook account. What is the ethically correct thing for him to do?
a. Give the password to all other students.
b. Tell the teacher so she may change it.
c. Keep it to himself and if someone finds out the password it is
not his problem.

4. Arriving to work on time is an example of which

characteristic of a good employee?
a. Timeliness
b. Personal accountability
c. Adaptability

5. Providing wrong information on the resume is an example of

which of the following:
a. Lack of transparency on employee’s part.
b. Poor transparency on an employer’s part.
c. Lack of accountability on an employer’s part.

II. Case Study

MANG EUGENIO VENTURA: FILIPINO TAXI DRIVER
WITH A GOLDEN HEART

The story of Mang Eugenio Ventura, an

extraordinary cab driver, went viral in the social media
when a passenger spread the good work about him, not
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 rejecting passengers (despite heavy traffic in Metro
Manila) and declining tips. Apart from being fair and
honest, he is the jolly type – he just laughs off the
congestion on the main roads of the city. He got featured
in an episode of the TV Program “Mission Possible.”
Questions:
1. What do you think has molded the fair, honest and cheerful
behavior of Mang Eugenio?

____________________________________________________________________
___
____________________________________________________________________
___
____________________________________________________________________
___
2. What lesson have you learned from the good example of Mang
Eugenio?

____________________________________________________________________
___
____________________________________________________________________
___
____________________________________________________________________
___
3. In school, how can you teach and train students in fair, honest and
ethical behavior?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
________
____________________________________________________________________
____
Source: pinoystory.com/ scribd.com

REFERENCES
Ahmed, A. (2029). Definition of stewardship. Retrieved on June 14,
2020 from
https://bizfluent.com/about-4612393-definition-of-stewardship.html

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Business Dictionary.com. Accountability. Retrieved on June 14, 2020
from
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/accountability.html
Campbell, M. (2020). Transparency in business: mean what you say.
Retrieved
on June 14, 2020 from
https://elementthree.com/blog/transparency-in-business-mean-
what-you-say/
Christianity.com (2020). What are stewards in the Bible? Meaning and
importance of stewardship. Retrieved on June 14, 2020 from
https://www.christianity.com/wiki/christian-terms/stewards-in-the-
bible-meaning-of-stewardship.html
Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility. (2013). Stewardship
theory.
Retrieved on June 14, 2020 from
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-
642-28036-8_107
Pinoy Story.com. (2020). Filipino taxi driver: Mr. Eugenio Ventura with
a golden
heart. Retrieved on June 14, 2020 from
http://pinoystory.com/filipino-taxi-driver-eugenio-ventura/
Racelis, A. (2017). Business ethics and social responsibility. 1st Ed.
Rex Bookstore
Vocabulary.com. Fairness. Retrieved on June 14, from
https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/fairness#:~:text=Fairness%2
0comes%20from%20the%20Old,used%20to%20describe%20physical
%20beauty.

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