Entrep Las Second Quarter
Entrep Las Second Quarter
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Learning Activity Sheet
SECOND QUARTER
b. Compute the cost and price of the product or service of your chosen business
Words to Study
The rules of production describe the behavior of the business condition in the aspect of
profit, loss, payment and production. Total Revenue or TR represents income; while Total Cost or
TC reveals expenses.
How will you know when to produce more? When to stop producing? When to maintain
production? Each situation below follows a decision. Remember what to do in the following
instances:
1. What will be your decision, when the TR (INCOME) of your business is equal to
TC (EXPENSES)?
EXAMPLE: TR = TC
2,000 = 2000
2. What will you do when the TR of your enterprise is less than to the TC?
EXAMPLE: TR = TC 5,000 =
8,000
Direct costs are expenses that a company can easily connect to a specific "cost object," which may be a
product, department or project. This can include software, equipment and raw materials. It can also include
labor, assuming the labor is specific to the product, department or project.
WORDS TO STUDY
Mark-up represents the difference between what is paid for the merchandise and its end
price to the clients
Pattern refers to an outline or model of one thing
Price indicates value of a commodity or service in the form of money Product the
result of the input and process in the form of output Services is a type of business that has no
product but purely services Strategy is an approach or method used in business
Pricing strategy is a part of the pricing system wherein the government becomes alert
against those who are abusing and making unreasonable prices. Keeping an enterprise pattern
when it comes to pricing of commodities and services, serve as guide for the entrepreneurs to
understand how their prices are computed objectively. However, lowest price approach is the
most risky activity in pricing and it should be avoided.
The key secret of the business firms to compete for the price is through the various pricing
strategies. Giving focus on the competition for cleanliness, convenience, delivery, easy credit
options, guarantees, quality, safety and service are only secondary concerns.
As a young entrepreneur, what is your idea about the different pricing strategies? You may
consider one of the following pricing strategies if you still do not have your own strategy:
• Value-based pricing (price increases when there are evident results)
• Posting P9.95 instead of P10; P24.50 instead of P25.00; and others
• Value pack (mixture of clustered products with varied prices in one pack or bag)
• Cost-plus-pricing method (setting up price targeting specific profit)
• High Price Approach aiming to set quality and status. It is also called as prestige strategy
• Penetration market is common to the new entrepreneurs. They are doing it in order to
establish market and build up more customers.
• Free tasting (Sampling Approach)
• Result pay scheme (Trial Method)
Before you do the final pricing, you have to know the value of the total revenues (TR) and
the total costs (TC). When TR is greater than TC, your business gained profit. If the TR is lesser
than TC, it is loss. In instances that the TR and TC are equal, there is neither profit nor loss.
It is called break-even. Break even analysis is used as an instrument or a tool to solve managerial
problems helpful among business leaders and economists.
Here are some models in pricing goods and services. These will help you to know how you
can compute prices of your own product and service business. Find out if this pricing scheme is
appropriate to use in the production of your business:
1. Percentage Allocation Approach (PAA). This is good for product business. Decide for the
percentage value to be added to the actual cost of your product or service. Below are
examples:
Average Mark-up Approach (AMA). This is appropriate to the service type of business. Mark-up consists of
damaged merchandise, employee discounts, markdowns, operating expenses, profits and shortages. This is
common in industries but differ in the way they execute it supported by company rules and policies.
Let us find out how much you will sacrifice to invest for a possible
goodwill using the data above:
Unit price per laundry service P32.00 x 10 kilos -5% discount/10
= P32.00x10-5% /10
= P320.00-P16.00/10
= P30.40
Therefore, goodwill investment capital for 10 kilos of laundry service is only P1.60 (P32.00
unit price less P30.40 discounted price) per kilo of laundry service rendered to your customer.
It is suggested that the following goodwill investment package chart be applied on your
laundry business. You may also change it for further improvement of your services:
WORDS TO STUDY
Inputs are the materialsneeded for processing to come up with finished products
Output means finished product
Process is the Step – by – step procedure followed in transforming materials into
finished products.
Production Plan involves the necessary raw materials and parts,
number of workers, types of machines needed, and the completion time for
such operation involved.
Projected Sales are the expected results of variable cost and fixed cost within the target period.
Sales Management involves formulation of sales strategy. Trial – Run is the actual
testing of a business.
Viability means the practicability of the business.
Before engaging into any actual business like selling a product/s which
you are to manufacture or produce, the essential thing to do first is to design a
Business Trial Run Design (BUTRUD). This will serve you as a guide on how to decide
from time to time to come up with a better business management be it manufacturing
or rendering services.
Below are examples of a trial run matrix for a service type of business which
may help you in developing your own BUTRUD. You may also adopt it if you feel the
appropriateness in your business.
The trial run sample as follows is a service type of business which is a jeep
transportation routing from FTI via C5 to Guadalupe:
Having your trial run is a great advantage because this gives you important
information about the progress of your business inall aspects of venturing.
WEEK 8
Direction: Write Check ( ) if your target customers are
Community Neighborhood, Students in the nearby elementary, high
schools & universities or Buyers / Walkers in the Barangay or
Supermarket.
PROJECTING TARGET CUSTOMERS
TARGET CUSTOMER
CUSTOMER Community Students in Buyers /
No . Neighborhood the nearby Walkers in the
elementary, Barangay or
high schools Supermarket
& universities
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Direction: Write your daily product, Capital, Expenses and Profit / Loss
The rules of production describe the behavior of the business condition in the aspect
of profit, loss, payment and production. Total Revenue or TR represents income; while Total
Cost or TC reveals expenses.
How will you know when to produce more? When to stop producing? When to maintain production? Each
situation below follows a decision.
b. Compute the cost and price of the product or service of your chosen business
III. Activities
Activity I. Given the following nominal values of revenues and costs, decide whether you need
to produce more, stop your production or maintain production of goods or services. Draw an upward
(↑) arrow if your answer is to produce more; downward arrow (↓) when you need to stop and draw a
smiley face ( ) when your decision is to maintain production.
BUSINESS TR TC ENTREPRENEUR’S
NO.
NAME (INCOME) (EXPENSES) DECISION
1 Miguel’s Academy 18,000 21,000
2 Tea-Bricks Co. 24,500 19,000
3 Jon’s Fashion Shop 15,880 15,880
4 JR Internet Café 6,800 8,300
5 Cel’s Transpo 22,100 15,500
Activity II. A. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the letter of the correct answer
1. This is the time when you need to decide to maintain your production.
a. When the TR is equal to TC
b. When the TR is greater than TC
c. When the TR is lesser than TC
2. It refers to the situation when you need to decide to produce more when the .
a. TR is equal to TC
b. TR is greater than TC
c. TR is lesser than TC
3. Time may come when you really need to decide to stop your business production.
When the .
a. TR is equal to TC
b. TR is greater than TC
c. TR is lesser than TC
DECISION: _________________________________
5. What action do you need to take if you have greater TR than your TC?
EXAMPLE: TR = TC
11,000= 6,000
DECISION: __________________________________
IV. Reflection:
V. References:
Republic of the Philippines Department of Education PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS
COMPETENCY BASED – LEARNING MATERIAL FOR FOURTH YEAR
www.google.com
Prepared by:
RICHARD A. MIGUEL
Entrepreneurship Teacher
Name of Learner: _____________________________________Date__________________
Grade Level: _________________________________________Section _______________
Parent Signature______________________________________
Entrepreneurship 10
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Week 2
b. Compute the cost and price of the product or service of your chosen business
III. Activities
Activity I. Compute for the cost and analyze the following problems. Write your answers
inside the box. Show the solution in a separate sheet to arrive at the correct answers.
1. If you have two (2) workers receiving each a daily wage of P250.00 a day, with 5 working
days a week, how much is your total wage bill for a month? ANSWER/SOLUTION:
2. Based on your answer in number 1, how much is your annual wage cost of
production? ANSWER/SOLUTION:
3. How much will be your total direct costs per bench if the total direct labor is P200.00
and the total direct material is 450? ANSWER/SOLUTION:
5. As an entrepreneur, what will you expect for a cost of a unit of wood bench when you
target for 2,000 unit yearly sales with P225, 000.00 total indirect costs for the year?
ANSWER/SOLUTION:
Activity II. Compute for the TOTAL COST and DIRECT MATERIAL COST PER BENCH and analyze
the following problems. Write your answers inside the box. Show the solution in a separate sheet to arrive
at the correct answers.
BILL of MATERIALS of 1 WOODEN BENCH
IV. Reflection:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
V. References:
Republic of the Philippines Department of Education PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS
COMPETENCY BASED – LEARNING MATERIAL FOR FOURTH YEAR
www.google.com
Prepared by:
RICHARD A. MIGUEL
Entrepreneurship Teacher
Name of Learner: _____________________________________Date__________________
Grade Level: _________________________________________Section _______________
Parent Signature______________________________________
Entrepreneurship 10
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Week 3
Pricing strategy is a part of the pricing system wherein the government becomes alert
against those who are abusing and making unreasonable prices. Keeping an enterprise
pattern when it comes to pricing of commodities and services, serve as guide for the
entrepreneurs to understand how their prices are computed objectively. However, lowest
price approach is the most risky activity in pricing and it should be avoided.
b. Compute the cost and price of the product or service of your chosen business
III. Activities
Activity I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. If you have 10 jackets for P180.00 unit cost, how much will be the unit price at
40% Target Profit in Percent (TPP)?
a. P272.00
b. P295.00
c. P252.00
2. Compute how much will be the price of a bottle of perfume when the cost
is P250.00 with 38%TPP?
a. P380.00
b. P299.00
c. P345.00
3. With 10% discount incentive, what will be the unit price of 10 kilos laundry
if the service is P32 per kilo?
a. P320.00
b. P232.00
c. P288.00
4. In a laundry shop, when do you give a discount of 10%
a. 5 to 12 kilos of laundry
b. 10 to 13 kilos of laundry
c. 14 to 15 kilos of laundry
5. What is the effect in business when the TR is lesser than the TC?
a. There is a business loss
b. There is a profit
c. There is no gain and no loss
Activity II.
1. Assuming that you need to supply a school canteen of bottled mineral water, 500 ml with a
cost of P7.50/bottle, how do you determine the price per bottle? Please explain your answer
below by showing the computation.
COMPUTATION:
2. If you will compute for the service of a doctor’s professional fee of P380.00 per consultation
(inclusive of the clinic rental, bills, etc.) how much will the doctor’s consultation service be?
Discuss your answer below by showing the computation for 60% general mark-up.
COMPUTATION:
IV. Reflection:
1. As a young entrepreneur, what is your idea about the different pricing strategies?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
V. References:
Republic of the Philippines Department of Education PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS
COMPETENCY BASED – LEARNING MATERIAL FOR FOURTH YEAR
www.google.com
Prepared by:
RICHARD A. MIGUEL
Entrepreneurship Teacher
Name of Learner: _____________________________________Date__________________
Grade Level: _________________________________________Section _______________
Parent Signature______________________________________
Entrepreneurship 10
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Week 4-7
BUSINESS TRIAL RUN DESIGN (BUTRUD) FOR PRODUCT and SERVICE TYPE OF BUSINESS
Before engaging into any actual business like selling a product/s which you are to manufacture or produce,
the essential thing to do first is to design a Business Trial Run Design (BUTRUD). This will serve you as a guide on
how to decide from time to time to come up with a better business management be it manufacturing or
rendering services.
Below are examples of a trial run matrix for a service type of business which may help you in developing your
own BUTRUD. You may also adopt it if you feel the appropriateness in your business.
ITEMBANK
Business Name
Business Owner
Business
Location
Target Goals
Timetable
Price Flexibility
Advertisement &
Promotion
Target Market
IV. Reflection:
V. References:
Republic of the Philippines Department of Education PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS
COMPETENCY BASED – LEARNING MATERIAL FOR FOURTH YEAR
www.google.com
Prepared by:
RICHARD A. MIGUEL
Entrepreneurship Teacher
Name of Learner: _____________________________________Date__________________
Grade Level: _________________________________________Section _______________
Parent Signature______________________________________
Entrepreneurship 10
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Week 8
Direction: Write your daily product, Capital, Expenses and Profit / Loss