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Activity 4-Atomic Crystals

The document discusses atomic crystal structures and properties. It contains 5 questions and answers about: 1) how intensive properties relate to the unit cell, 2) explanations for higher measured density, 3) the definition of coordination number and how it depends on metal structure, 4) ordering cubic unit cells by packing efficiency, and 5) whether the body-centered cubic or hexagonal close packed structure would be more likely at high pressures and the reasoning.

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Van Leron
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92 views2 pages

Activity 4-Atomic Crystals

The document discusses atomic crystal structures and properties. It contains 5 questions and answers about: 1) how intensive properties relate to the unit cell, 2) explanations for higher measured density, 3) the definition of coordination number and how it depends on metal structure, 4) ordering cubic unit cells by packing efficiency, and 5) whether the body-centered cubic or hexagonal close packed structure would be more likely at high pressures and the reasoning.

Uploaded by

Van Leron
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ACTIVITY 4:

Atomic Crystals

Title:

Computation in Simple Atomic Crystals Structures

Questions & Answers:

1.) Explain how the intensive properties of a material are reflected in the unit cell.
Are all the properties of a bulk material the same as those of its unit cell? Explain
your answer.
Intensive properties are property of matter that depends only on the type of
matter in a sample and not on the amount. Examples of this property are color,
temperature, density, and solubility. On the other hand, unit cell refers to the repeating
structural unit of crystal structure. That’s why a crystalline solid is represented by its unit
cell that when stacked together produces the characteristic of three-dimensional
structure. We could also say that all the properties of a bulk material are the same as
those of its unit cell because solid consists of a large number of unit cells that arrayed in
three dimensions. Any intensive property of the bulk material must therefore be also
related to its unit cell. For example, its density, since density is the mass of substance
per unit volume, we could easily calculate the density of the bulk material from the
density of a single unit cell.

2.) The experimentally measured density of a bulk material is slightly higher than
expected based on the structure of the pure material. Propose two explanations for
this observation.
The first explanation about the difference in measured density is because we
add different types of objects with a specific measurement. Since density is directly
proportional to the mass, this means at constant volume, the density will increase as
mass increases. Second explanation is about the reactions of the objects that were
experimented. These reactions occurred because of the specific characteristics of the
different objects. For example, when we combine the milk and vinegar and heat it, it
produces some solid (curds).
3.) What is meant by the term coordination number in the structure of a solid? How
does the coordination number depend on the structure of the metal?
The coordination number of an atom in a molecule is the number of atoms
bonded to the atom. It is found by counting the number of atoms bound to it and not by
counting the number of chemical bonds. The coordination number depends on the
structure of the metal because in calculating the coordination number, we locate the
atom, molecule, or ion nearest the central metal atom. And to execute this, we find the
molecule or ion directly beside the metal symbol in the chemical formula of the
coordination compound.

4.) Arrange the three types of cubic unit cells in order of increasing packing
efficiency. What is the difference in packing efficiency between the hcp structure
and the ccp structure?
Packing efficiency pertains to the percentage of the total space which is
occupied by the particles in a certain packing. The three types of cubic unit cells are
simple cubic, face-centered, and body-centered. In arranging these three types in order
of increasing packing efficiency, it would be simple cubic, body-centered cubic, face-
centered cubic. For the cubic closest packed and hexagonal closest packed, they have
both an equal packing efficiency of 74%.

5.) The structures of many metals depend on pressure and temperature. Which
structure—bcc or hcp—would be more likely in a given metal at very high
pressures? Explain your reasoning.
Atoms of a metal crystals are arranged in close-packed structure. Most metals
crystallize in one of three very common structures, the body-centered cubic, hexagonal
close packed, or face-centered cubic. That’s why some metals are great conductors, and
some are considered as semi-conductors. We could identify a specific metal by just
having its crystal structure. And we can calculate this through the formula in getting the
density which is equal to mass divided by the volume. For the structure body-centered
cubic, chromium and iron are some of its examples and on the other hand, for the
hexagonal close packed, the examples metals are cobalt, titanium, and zinc.

Members:
Ang-Og, Christine Estrada, Clifford
Ardaniel, Maika Leigh Leron, Van Christopher
Baldonado, Samantha Leslie Mendez, Rafael Jr.
Celestino, Raiven B. Plata, Jonalyn
Dumas, Shania

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