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Introduction To Digital Communications: Bernadeth B. Zari, Pece

Digital communication systems offer advantages like privacy through encryption, error correction, ease of multiplexing, and reduced distortion compared to analog systems. While digital systems require a larger bandwidth and synchronization, they allow signals to be transmitted through various media like cables, fiber optics, or free space using digital modulation. Key aspects of digital communication include digital transmission over wired or wireless networks between transmitters and receivers, which involves converting analog signals to digital form using analog-to-digital conversion before transmission. Information theory studies how to efficiently transmit information through bandwidth, while modulation techniques like ASK, FSK, PSK, and QAM are used to transmit digital data signals.

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163 views18 pages

Introduction To Digital Communications: Bernadeth B. Zari, Pece

Digital communication systems offer advantages like privacy through encryption, error correction, ease of multiplexing, and reduced distortion compared to analog systems. While digital systems require a larger bandwidth and synchronization, they allow signals to be transmitted through various media like cables, fiber optics, or free space using digital modulation. Key aspects of digital communication include digital transmission over wired or wireless networks between transmitters and receivers, which involves converting analog signals to digital form using analog-to-digital conversion before transmission. Information theory studies how to efficiently transmit information through bandwidth, while modulation techniques like ASK, FSK, PSK, and QAM are used to transmit digital data signals.

Uploaded by

JOHN RYAN GUINANAO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL

COMMUNICATIONS

BERNADETH B. ZARI, PECE


Introduction
 Many signals in modern communication systems
are digital
 Additionally, analog signals are transmitted
digitally
 Digitizing a signal results in reduced distortion
and improvement in signal-to-noise ratios
Comparison of analog and digital signals
Communication System

Advantages of Digital Communication Systems


1. Privacy
· Achieved through encryption
2. Error Correction and Detection
• Achieved through encoding
3. Ease of Multiplexing
Disadvantages of Digital Communication Systems
1. Larger bandwidth is needed.
2. Synchronization is needed.
Digital Communication
 Digital Communications covers a broad area of
communications techniques, including:
 Digital Transmission
 Digital Radio
 Digital Transmission – is the transmission of digital signals
between the transmitter and receivers and requires physical
transmission medium such as cable, fiber optic , etc
 Digital Modulation – is the transmission of digitally
modulated signals between transmitter and receivers and
requires free space (air) transmission medium
Digital Communication
Digital Transmission

Digital Transmission Medium


Information Digital
Information

Transmitter Receiver
Wire, cable fiber optic, etc

Digital Digital
Information Information

DAC
ADC

ADC – Analog to Digital Converter Analog


Analog
Information DAC – Digital to Analog Converter Information
Digital Communication
Digital Radio

Transmission Medium – free space

Digital Modulation
Digital
Information Digital
Information

Transmitter Receiver

Digital Digital
Information Information

DAC
ADC

ADC – Analog to Digital Converter Analog


Analog
Information DAC – Digital to Analog Converter Information
Types of
Signal
Transmission
Digital Transmission of Data
 Data refers to information to be
communicated.
 Data is in digital form if it comes from a
computer.
 If analog (e.g. voice), it can be converted into
digital form before it is transmitted.
 Digital communication was initially limited to
the transmission of data between
computers.
 Networks (e.g. local area networks or
LANs) are formed to support
communication between computers.
FORMS OF DIGITAL MODULATION

ASK FSK PSK

QAM
INFORMATION THEORY
 It is the study of the efficient use of
bandwidth to propagate information
through electronic communication
system
 INFORMATION CAPACITY – number of
independent symbols that can be
carried through a system in a given unit
of time.
HARTLEY’S LAW

where: I = information capacity


(bits per second)
B = bandwidth (Hertz)
t = transmission time (sec)
SHANNON LIMIT FOR INFORMATION
CAPACITY

Where: I = information capacity (bps)


B = bandwidth ( Hz)
S/N = signal to noise power ratio
BIT RATE, BAUD AND M – ARY
ENCODING
BIT RATE
– number of bits transmitted during
one second (bps)
- rate of change of digital information
signal
BAUD
- rate of change of a signal on a
transmission medium after encoding
and modulation have occurred.
BAUD

where:
baud = symbol rate (baud per second)
ts = time of one signaling element (sec)
M – ary Encoding

Where:
N = number of bits necessary
M = number of conditions, levels or combination
possible with N bits
NYQUIST BANDWIDTH
 The theoretical bandwidth necessary to
propagate a signal.

 MULTILEVEL SIGNALING

Where:
fb = channel capacity (bps)
B = minimum Nyquist bandwidth (Hz)
M = number of discrete signal or voltage levels
END OF DISCUSSION…..

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