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Ways of Knowing

This document outlines different ways of knowing in nursing according to Barbara Carper and Christopher Johns. It describes empirical knowing as evidenced-based and scientific; aesthetic knowing as the "art" of nursing focused on qualitative patterns; ethical knowing as understanding morals and research ethics; personal knowing as self-awareness and human interactions; reflective knowing as reflecting on experiences to improve; and socio-political knowing as understanding issues of power and voice in nursing contexts.

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1K views1 page

Ways of Knowing

This document outlines different ways of knowing in nursing according to Barbara Carper and Christopher Johns. It describes empirical knowing as evidenced-based and scientific; aesthetic knowing as the "art" of nursing focused on qualitative patterns; ethical knowing as understanding morals and research ethics; personal knowing as self-awareness and human interactions; reflective knowing as reflecting on experiences to improve; and socio-political knowing as understanding issues of power and voice in nursing contexts.

Uploaded by

carkarmerz
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WAYS OF KNOWING IN NURSING

based on Barbara Carper (1978), Christopher Johns (2000)

Shows the complexity and diversity of nursing knowledge.

EMPIRICAL KNOWING AESTHETIC KNOWING

Scientific, evidenced based – the framework for the The “art” of nursing. = what is good nursing?
exploration of quantitative methods. Traditional, logical,
rationale, positivist. Measures, predicts, generalizes. Theory Provides the framework for the exploration of qualitative
development. methods – alls for recognition of patterns in phenomena eg
the individual ways that a nurse would care for two clients
awaiting surgey.
ETHICAL KNOWING PERSONAL KNOWING

Morals, knowing right from wrong, nursing ethics, research Knowing oneself, nurses' awareness of self, knowing the
ethics. Informed consent in research, confidentiality, self of others. Experiential, intuitive. Based in fundamentals
privacy, respect for human rights. of existentialism – the capacity for change and the value
placed on becoming. Being genuine and authentic in
research studies, awareness of one's beliefs and how they
influence qualitative inquiry. Nature of human interactions
is based on subjective knowledge.
REFLECTIVE KNOWING SOCIO-POLITICAL KNOWING

The practice of unknowing, reflecting on experience by Issues of power, whose voice is heard, whose voice is
suspending judgement and exploring situations from a silent, helps nurses understand when and how they might
deeper level = Praxis. Reflect on practice to reveal habitual act in the context of nursing. Need Reflection in Action.
actions, examine strengths and weaknesses, open up the
possibilities of learning by developing the art of unknowing.

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