MATHEMATICS 10

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ____________________

Grade: ______________________________________ Section: ___________________

Quarter: 3 Week: 1 SSLM No. 1 MELC(s): 1. Illustrates the permutation of objects.

M10SPIIIa-1 2. Solves problems involving permutations. M10SPIIIb-1

➢ Objectives: 1. To identify real-life situations that illustrate permutations.

2. To solve problems involving permutations.
➢ Title of Textbook/LM to Study: Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module
➢ Chapter: 3 Pages: 275-300 Topic: Permutations

Let Us Discover

Definitions:

Permutation – is an arrangement of objects in a specific order.

Linear Permutation – is an arrangement of objects in a row.
Distinguishable Permutation – is an arrangement of objects where some elements are
alike.
Circular Permutation – is an arrangement of objects in a circular manner.
Factorial (!) - the product of all positive integers less than or equal to a given positive integer
and denoted by that integer and an exclamation point.

Linear Permutation – the elements of sets are arranged here in a sequence or linear order.
In finding the permutation of n objects taken r at a time, we use the formula
𝑛!
𝑃(𝑛, 𝑟) = (𝑛−𝑟)! , 𝑛 ≥ 𝑟.
n - the total number of elements given.
r - the number of objects taken at a time.

1 GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 14, 2021

 n, r – nonnegative integers.
Example 1: You want to create a 4-digit password for your laptop using the digits 2, 3, 4, 5,
and 6. If there is no repetition of digits allowed, how many passwords could you
make?
Solution: To find the number of 4-digit passwords you can make out of 5 digits given, we
can have two methods. First is the Fundamental Counting Principle(FCP) and the
second is by using the formula for permutation.
Fundamental Counting Principle (FCP) Formula
The password is composed of 4 digits n = 5 (because there are 5 digits given: 2,
as stated in the problem. 3, 4, 5 and 6)
r = 4 (because the password will be made
You are given 5 digits to choose from, so of 4-digits)
for the first digit of your password you have Using the formula
5 choices. 𝑛!
𝑃(𝑛, 𝑟) = , 𝑛 ≥ 𝑟.
5 (𝑛 − 𝑟)!
5!
If you have chosen one out of the 5 digits 𝑃(5,4) =
(5 − 4)!
given for your first digit, then you will have 4
5!
digits to choose from for the second digit of 𝑃(5,4) =
(1)!
your password. 5●4●3●2●1
𝑃(5,4) =
5 4 (1)!
Continuing the process until the 4th digit you 120
will have 𝑃(5,4) =
1
5 4 3 2 𝑃(5,4) = 120
That means, with FCP you just need to Therefore, you can make 120 4-digit
multiply
possible passwords out of 5 digits given.
5 ● 4 ● 3 ● 2 = 120
Therefore, you can make 120 4-digit
possible passwords out of 5 digits given.
Note: For linear permutation problems we just use the Fundamental Counting
Principle (FCP).

Distinguishable Permutation – For a set of n objects of which 𝑛1 are alike and one of a

kind, 𝑛2 are alike and one of a kind, …, 𝑛𝑘 are alike and one of a kind, the number of
𝑛!
distinguishable permutations is: 𝑃 = .
𝑝!𝑞!𝑟!…
Example 2: How many distinguishable permutations exist for the letters in the word
MATHEMATICS?

2 GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 14, 2021

Solution: n = 11(because the word MATHEMATICS is composed of 11 letters)
𝑝= 2(because there are 2 M’s in the given word)
𝑞 = 2(because there are 2 T’s in the given word)

𝑟 = 2(because there are 2 A’s in the given word)

11! 11●10●9●8●7●6●5●4●3●2●1 39,916,800
𝑃= = = = 4,989,600
2!2!2! (2●1)(2●1)(2●1) 8
Therefore, there are 4, 989, 600 possible permutations of the letters in the word
MATHEMATICS.

Circular Permutation – The number of ways to arrange n distinct objects along a fixed
circle is 𝑃𝑛 = (𝑛 − 1)!, where n is the total number of elements given.
Example 3: Pearl likes to rearrange things in her office. She wants to rearrange the 5
different colored chairs in the receiving room that fits the circular table. How
many possible arrangements would she create?
Solution: n = 5(the objects are 5 different colored chairs)

𝑃𝑛 = (𝑛 − 1)! = (5 − 1)! = 4! = 4 ● 3 ● 2 ● 1 = 24
Therefore, Pearl has 24 possible arrangements to create.
Example 4: In how many ways can 3 women and 4 men sit on a round table if the women
always sit together.
Solution: Since the 3 women always sit together, then we will count them as one.

1 2 3 4 5
That means our n = 5. Using the formula of circular permutation

𝑃𝑛 = (𝑛 − 1)!

𝑃5 = (5 − 1)! = 4!

The 3 women has their own arrangement which is 3!, so the total permutation is

𝑃 = 4! ● 3! = 4 ● 3 ● 2 ●1 ● 3 ● 2 ● 1 = 144 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠

3 GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 14, 2021

 Let Us Try

Activity 1. What Am I?
Direction: Identify whether the given problem is of Linear, Distinguishable or
Circular Permutation. Write LP for Linear Permutation, DP for Distinguishable
permutation, and CP for Circular Permutation and solve.
1. Find the number of ways in which four persons can sit on six chairs. _____

_____ 6! 6 ●____● 4 ●____● 2 ● 1

Solution: 𝑃 (𝑛, 𝑟 ) = (𝑛−___)! = (____−____)! = = _____
2!
n = ____
r=4
2. Find the number of words that can be formed out of the letters of the word
COMMITTEE taken all at a time. _____

Solution: There are _____ letters in the given word in which two T’s, two M’s and two
_____ are identical.
𝑛!
𝑃=
𝑛1 ! ____! … 𝑛𝑘 !
_____ 9 ● 8____●7●6●____●____●3●____●____
𝑃= = = ________________
2! ____! 2! ____●2●____
3. How many possible arrangements can seven different colored horses be installed in
a merry-go-round? ______

Solution: n = ____
𝑃𝑛 = (𝑛 − 1)! = (____ − 1)! = 6! = ____●5●____●3●____●____ = ______
4. How many ways can 6 boys and 6 girls be seated at a round table if:
a. No restriction is imposed.
Since there is no restriction on their seating arrangement, then our n = 6 + 6 = 12.
Using the formula

𝑃𝑛 = (𝑛 − 1)!

𝑃12 = (12 − 1)! = 11! = 11 ● 10 ● 9 ● 8 ● 7 ● 6 ● 5 ● 4 ● 3 ● 2 ● 1 = 39,916,800

4 GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 14, 2021

 b. The boys and girls are to occupy alternate seats?
If we will arrange first the 6 boys in the round table, their arrangement is 5!. After
we arranged the 6 boys, we will position each of the 6 girls in between 2 boys
and their arrangement is 6!. Therefore, the total circular permutation is
𝑃 = 5! ● 6! = 5 ● 4 ● 3 ● 2 ● 1 ● 6 ● 5 ● 4 ● 3 ● 2 ● 1 = 86,400

Let Us Do

Activity 2. Find Me!

Direction: Solve the following problems and show necessary solutions.

1. Jo-anna picked the word EXTRAVAGANT out of the box and she is task to solve the

permutation of the letters in the word that she picked. How many permutations would

be possible?

2. Ten cyclists participated in a regional bicycle race for a cause.

a. In how many ways can the participants be ranked from 1st to 10th place after the

competition?

b. If only top 3 finalists can move to the National Cycling Finals, in how many

different ways can the 1st, 2nd and 3rd ranks be awarded?

3. In how many ways can 10 people be seated around a table if:

a. They can sit on any of the chairs.

b. 3 people insist on sitting beside each other.

c. 2 people refuse to sit beside each other.

4. How many distinguishable 6-digit numbers can be made from 276 727?

5. There are 6 Chemistry books and 5 Physics books. In how many ways can this

books be arranged on the shelf if:

a. There are no restrictions.

b. Books of the same subject must be placed together.

5 GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 14, 2021

 Let Us Apply

Activity 3. To the Next Level!

Direction: Do the following tasks by group of 3.

1. Give 3 examples of problems or situations in real-life that involve permutations. In

each example,
a. explain the problem or situation.
b. solve the problem.
2. It is in international summits that major world decisions happen. Suppose that you
were the overall in charge of the seating in an international convention wherein 12
country- representatives were invited. They are prime ministers/presidents of the
countries of Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Japan, Libya, Malaysia,
Philippines, South Korea, USA and United Kingdom.
a. If the seating arrangement is to be circular, how many seating arrangement are
possible?
b. Create your own seat plan for these 12 leaders based on your knowledge of their
backgrounds. Discuss why you arranged them that way.

References

Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module pp. 275-300

SSLM Development Team

Writer: Rostico D. Arco
Content Editor: Cerila D. Cabesas, Gina B. Acuesta and Zaida N. Abiera
LR Evaluator: Arlene E. Cometa, Clarence S. Solis
Illustrator: Rostico D. Arco
Creative Arts Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Education Program Supervisor - Mathematics: Zaida N. Abiera
Education Program Supervisor - Learning Resources: Sally A. Palomo
Curriculum Implementation Division Chief: Juliet F. Lastimosa
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent: Carlos G. Susarno, Ph. D.
Schools Division Superintendent: Romelito G. Flores, CESO V

6 GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 03.00, Effective June 14, 2021