7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

7SR242 Duobias
Multi-Function 2-Winding Transformer Protection Relay

Document Release History

This document is issue 2010/06. The list of revisions up to and including this issue is:

2010/06 Additional Comms modules option of (RS485 + IRIG-B) and (RS232 + IRIG-B) and typographical
revisions
2010/02 Document reformat due to rebrand
2010/02 Third issue. Software revision 2662H80001 R4c-3
2008/07 Second issue. Software revision 2662H80001R3d-2c.
2008/05 First issue

Software Revision History

2010/02 2662H80001 R4c-3 Revisions to: VT ratio settings, 87BD 1st bias slope limit setting
increments, CB fail function, LED CONFIG menu, DATA
STORAGE menu.
Added: Open circuit detection (46BC), CONTROL MODE
menu, Close circuit supervision (74CCS), Measured earth fault
undercurrent (37G), Pulsed output contacts.
2008/07 2662H80001R3d-2c. Demand metering. Optional DNP3.0 data comms.
2008/05 2662H80001R3-2b First Release

The copyright and other intellectual property rights in this document, and in any model or article produced from it
(and including any registered or unregistered design rights) are the property of Siemens Protection Devices
Limited. No part of this document shall be reproduced or modified or stored in another form, in any data retrieval
system, without the permission of Siemens Protection Devices Limited, nor shall any model or article be
reproduced from this document unless Siemens Protection Devices Limited consent.

While the information and guidance given in this document is believed to be correct, no liability shall be accepted
for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission, whether such error or omission is the result of
negligence or any other cause. Any and all such liability is disclaimed.

©2010 Siemens Protection Devices Limited

 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Contents
Section 1: Introduction ..........................................................................................................................6
Current Transformer Circuits ............................................................................................................6
External Resistors.............................................................................................................................6
Fibre Optic Communication ..............................................................................................................6
Front Cover.......................................................................................................................................6
Section 2: Hardware Description ........................................................................................................13
2.1 General ...................................................................................................................................13
2.2 Case........................................................................................................................................13
2.3 Front Cover .............................................................................................................................13
2.4 Power Supply Unit (PSU)........................................................................................................14
2.5 Operator Interface/ Fascia ......................................................................................................14
2.6 Current Inputs .........................................................................................................................16
2.7 Voltage Input ...........................................................................................................................16
2.8 Binary inputs ...........................................................................................................................17
2.9 Binary outputs (Output Relays)...............................................................................................18
2.10 Virtual Input/Outputs ...............................................................................................................19
2.11 Self Monitoring ........................................................................................................................19
2.11.1 Protection Healthy/Defective......................................................................................19
Section 3: Protection Functions .........................................................................................................20
3.1 Current Protection: Differential Protection ..............................................................................20
3.1.1 ICT..............................................................................................................................20
3.1.2 Overall Biased Differential (87BD) .............................................................................21
3.1.3 87HS ..........................................................................................................................23
3.2 Current Protection: Phase Overcurrent (51, 50) .....................................................................25
3.2.1 Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (50)................................................................25
3.2.2 Time Delayed Overcurrent Protection (51) ................................................................26
3.3 Current Protection: Derived Earth Fault (50N, 51N) ...............................................................27
3.3.1 Instantaneous Derived Earth Fault Protection (50N) .................................................27
3.3.2 Time Delayed Derived Earth Fault Protection (51N)..................................................28
3.4 Current Protection: Measured Earth Fault (50G, 51G) ...........................................................29
3.4.1 Instantaneous Measured Earth Fault Protection (50G) .............................................29
3.4.2 Time Delayed Measured Earth Fault Protection (51G)..............................................30
3.5 Current Protection: High Impedance Restricted Earth Fault (64H) ........................................31
3.6 Open Circuit (46BC)................................................................................................................32
3.7 Current Protection: Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent (46NPS) ...................................33
3.8 Current Protection: Under-Current (37, 37G) .........................................................................34
3.9 Current Protection: Thermal Overload (49) ............................................................................35
3.10 Voltage Protection: Over Fluxing (24).....................................................................................37
3.11 Voltage Protection: Under/Over Voltage (27/59) ....................................................................39
3.12 Voltage Protection: Neutral Overvoltage (59N) ......................................................................40
3.13 Voltage Protection: Under/Over Frequency (81) ....................................................................41
Section 4: Control & Logic Functions ................................................................................................42
4.1 Quick Logic .............................................................................................................................42
Section 5: Supervision Functions ......................................................................................................44
5.1 Circuit Breaker Failure (50BF) ................................................................................................44
5.2 Trip/Close Circuit Supervision (74TCS/74CCS) .....................................................................45
5.3 Inrush Detector (81HBL2) .......................................................................................................46

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

5.4 OverFluxing Detector (81HBL5)..............................................................................................46

5.5 Demand...................................................................................................................................47
Section 6: Other Features....................................................................................................................48
6.1 Data Communications.............................................................................................................48
6.2 Maintenance............................................................................................................................48
6.2.1 Output Matrix Test......................................................................................................48
6.2.2 CB Counters...............................................................................................................48
6.2.3 I2t CB Wear ................................................................................................................48
6.3 Data Storage ...........................................................................................................................49
6.3.1 General.......................................................................................................................49
6.3.2 Event Records............................................................................................................49
6.3.3 Waveform Records. ...................................................................................................49
6.3.4 Fault Records .............................................................................................................50
6.3.5 Demand/Data Log ......................................................................................................50
6.4 Metering ..................................................................................................................................50
6.5 Operating Mode ......................................................................................................................51
6.6 Control Mode...........................................................................................................................51
6.7 Real Time Clock......................................................................................................................51
6.7.1 Time Synchronisation – Data Comms .......................................................................52
6.7.2 Time Synchronisation – Binary Input .........................................................................52
6.7.3 Time Synchronisation – IRIG-B (Optional).................................................................52
6.8 Settings Groups ......................................................................................................................52
6.9 Password Feature...................................................................................................................52

List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Functional Diagram: 7SR242n-2aAnn-0AA0 Relay.............................................................9
Figure 1-2 Functional Diagram: 7SR242n-2aAnn-0BA0 Relay...........................................................10
Figure 1-3 Functional Diagram: 7SR242n-2aAnn-0CA0 Relay ..........................................................11
Figure 1-4 Connection Diagram: 7SR242 Relay.................................................................................12
Figure 2-1 7SR24 with 3 + 16 LEDs in E8 Case................................................................................14
Figure 2-2 Binary Input Logic .............................................................................................................17
Figure 2-3 Binary Output Logic ..........................................................................................................19
Figure 3-1 Biased Differential Characteristic.......................................................................................21
Figure 3-2 Functional Diagram for Biased Current Differential Protection..........................................22
Figure 3-3 Differential Highset Characteristic .....................................................................................23
Figure 3-4 Logic Diagram: High Set Current Differential Protection ...................................................24
Figure 3-5 Logic Diagram: Instantaneous Over-current Element .......................................................25
Figure 3-6 Logic Diagram: Time Delayed Overcurrent Element .........................................................26
Figure 3-7 Logic Diagram: Instantaneous Derived Earth Fault Element ............................................27
Figure 3-8 Logic Diagram: Derived Time Delayed Earth Fault Protection..........................................28
Figure 3-9 Logic Diagram: Measured Instantaneous Earth-fault Element..........................................29
Figure 3-10 Logic Diagram: Time Delayed Measured Earth Fault Element (51G) ...............................30
Figure 3-11 Logic Diagram: High Impedance REF (64H) .....................................................................31
Figure 3-12 Logic Diagram: Open Circuit Function (46BC) ..................................................................32
Figure 3-13 Logic Diagram: Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent (46NPS)....................................33
Figure 3-14 Logic Diagram: Undercurrent Detector (37, 37G)..............................................................34
Figure 3-15 Logic Diagram: Thermal Overload Protection (49) ............................................................36
Figure 3-16 Inverse Over-fluxing Characteristic (24IT) .........................................................................37
Figure 3-17 Logic Diagram: Overfluxing Elements (24)........................................................................38
Figure 3-18 Logic Diagram: Under/Over Voltage Elements (27/59) .....................................................39
Figure 3-19 Logic Diagram: Neutral Overvoltage Element ...................................................................40
Figure 3-20 Logic Diagram: Under/Over Frequency Detector (81).......................................................41
Figure 4-1 Sequence Diagram showing PU/DO Timers in Quick Logic (Counter Reset
Mode Off) ...........................................................................................................................43
Figure 5-1 Logic Diagram: Circuit Breaker Fail Protection (50BF)......................................................44

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Figure 5-2 Logic Diagram: Trip Circuit Supervision Feature (74TCS) ................................................45
Figure 5-3 Logic Diagram: Close Circuit Supervision Feature (74CCS).............................................45
Figure 5-4 Logic Diagram: Inrush Detector Feature (81HBL2) ...........................................................46
Figure 5-5 Logic Diagram: Overfluxing Detector Feature (81HBL5)...................................................46

List of Tables
Table 1-1: 7SR242 Ordering Options....................................................................................................7
Table 2-1 Summary of 7SR24 Relay Configurations.........................................................................13
Table 6-1 Operation Mode .....................................................................................................................51

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Symbols and Nomenclature

The following notational and formatting conventions are used within the remainder of this document:

• Setting Menu Location MAIN MENU>SUB-MENU

• Setting: Elem name -Setting

• Setting value: value

• Alternatives: [1st] [2nd] [3rd]

Elem Char Dir

Binary input signal
Elem Inhibit
visible to user List of settings associated with a specific Non-Dir
function
Forward
Appropriate list is TRUE when setting
selected. Reverse
Binary Output visible to user Elem Starter

Common setting for multiple functions Elem Reset Delay

Digital signal not visible to c

PhaseAFwd Common control input (c) for multiple
user, to/from another element functions. All functions are enabled
when control input is TRUE.
start

Digital signal not visible to L1 Dir Blk

user, internal to this element Function. c trip

Analogue signal with signal start

IL1 Individual functions are enabled when
description
associated control input (c) is TRUE.
c trip
And Gate
(2 inputs shown) &
EVENT: IEC, Modbus or DNP EVENT
Where applicable
Or Gate
(3 inputs shown) ≥1
Relay instrument INST.

Exclusive Or (XOR) Gate

(3 inputs shown) 1

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Section 1: Introduction
This manual is applicable to the following relays:

• 7SR242 Multi-Function 2-Winding Transformer Protection Relay

The 7SR242 relay integrates the protection and control elements required to provide a complete transformer
protection.

The ‘Ordering Options’ Tables summarise the features available in each model.

General Safety Precautions

! Current Transformer Circuits

The secondary circuit of a live CT must not be open circuited. Non-observance of this precaution can result in
injury to personnel or damage to equipment.

! External Resistors
Where external resistors are fitted to relays, these may present a danger of electric shock or burns, if touched.

! Fibre Optic Communication

Where fibre optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be viewed directly. Optical power meters
should be used to determine the operation or signal level of the device.

! Front Cover
The front cover provides additional securing of the relay element within the case. The relay cover should be in
place during normal operating conditions.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Table 1-1: 7SR242 Ordering Options

DUOBIAS-M 7 S R 2 4 2 □ - 2 □ A □▲ □▲ - 0 □▲ A▲ 0
▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲
Multifunctional 2 winding | | | | | | | | |
transformer differential Protection Product | | | | | | | | |
protection Transformer 4 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Relay Type | | | | | | | |
Differential (2 winding) 2 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Case I/O and Fascia | | | | | | |
E8 case, 6 CT, 2 EF/REF CT, 1 VT, 9 Binary Inputs / 6 Binary Outputs, 2 | | | | | |
16 LEDs | | | | | | |
E10 case, 6 CT, 2 EF/REF CT, 1 VT, 19 Binary Inputs / 14 Binary Outputs, 3 | | | | | |
24 LEDs | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Measuring Input | | | | | |
1/5 A, 63.5/110V, 50/60Hz 2 | | | | |
| | | | |
Auxiliary voltage | | | | |
30 to 220V DC, binary input threshold 19V DC A | | | |
30 to 220V DC, binary input threshold 88V DC B | | | |
| | | |
Communication Interface | | | |
Standard version – included in all models, USB front port, RS485 rear port 1 | | |
Standard version – plus additional rear F/O ST connectors (x2) and IRIG-B 2 | | |
Standard version – plus additional rear RS485 (x1) and IRIG-B 3 | | |
Standard version – plus additional rear RS232 (x1) and IRIG-B 4 | | |
| | |
Protocol | | |
IEC 60870-5-103 and Modbus RTU (user selectable setting) 1 | |
IEC 60870-5-103 and Modbus RTU and DNP 3.0 (user selectable) 2 | |
| |
Protection Function Packages | |
Option A: Standard version – Included in all models A |
- 81HBL2 Inrush Detector | |
- 81HBL5 Overfluxing detector | |
- 87BD Biased current differential | |
- 87HS Current differential highest | |
Programmable logic | |
For each winding/circuit breaker | |
- 50BF Circuit breaker fail | |
- 64H High impedance REF | |
- 74TCS/CCS Trip/close circuit supervision | |
| |
Option B: Standard version – plus B |
- 37/37G Undercurrent | |
- 46BC Open circuit | |
- 46NPS Negative phase sequence overcurrent | |
- 49 Thermal overload | |
- 50 Instantaneous phase fault overcurrent | |
- 50G/50N Instantaneous earth fault | |
- 51 Time delayed phase fault overcurrent | |
- 51G/51N Time delayed earth fault | |
(continued on following page )

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

DUOBIAS-M 7 S R 2 4 2 □ - 2 □ A □□ - 0 □A 0
▲
(continued from previous page) Option C: Standard version - plus C |
- 24 Overfluxing |
- 27/59 Under/overvoltage |
- 59N Neutral voltage displacement |
- 81 Under/overfrequency |
- 37/37G Undercurrent |
- 46BC Open circuit |
- 46NPS Negative phase sequence overcurrent |
- 49 Thermal overload |
- 50 Instantaneous phase fault overcurrent |
- 50G/50N Instantaneous earth fault |
- 51 Time delayed phase fault overcurrent |
- 51G/51N Time delayed earth fault |
|
Additional Functionality |
No Additional Functionality A

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

7SR242n-2aAnn-0AA0

W1-IL1 (IA) 81 81
50
HBL HBL
BF-1
2 5

81 81
W1-IL2 (IB) 50
HBL HBL
BF-1
2 5

81 81
W1-IL3 (IC) 50
HBL HBL
BF-1
2 5

50
BF-1 64H
I4
IG1
ICT

87HS 87BD ICT

50
BF-2 64H
IG2 I4
74
CCS
(x6)

74
TCS
(x6)

W2-IL3 (IC) 50
81 81
HBL HBL
BF-2
2 5

81
W2-IL2 (IB) 50
81
HBL HBL
BF-2 5
2

W2-IL1 (IA) 81 81
50
HBL HBL
BF-2
2 5

Figure 1-1 Functional Diagram: 7SR242n-2aAnn-0AA0 Relay

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

7SR242n-2aAnn-0BA0

W1-IL1 (IA) 37 50 50 51 81 81
49
(x2) BF-1 (x2) (x2) HBL2 HBL5

W1-IL2 (IB) 37 50 50 51 81 81
49
(x2) BF-1 (x2) (x2) HBL2 HBL5

W1-IL3 (IC) 37 50 50 51 81 81
49
(x2) BF-1 (x2) (x2) HBL2 HBL5

46 46
50N 51N
BC NPS
(x2) (x2)
(x2) (x4)

50
37G 50G 51G
BF-1 64H
(x2) (x2) (x4)
IG1 I4

ICT

Each function element

can be assigned to W1
or W2 CT inputs.

NOTE: The use of some

functions are mutually
exclusive

87HS 87BD ICT

50
37G BF-2 50G 51G 64H
IG2 I4
74
CCS
(x6)
46 46 74
50N 51N
BC NPS TCS
(x6)

W2-IL3 (IC) 50 81 81
37 50 51 49
BF-2 HBL2 HBL5

W2-IL2 (IB) 81
50 81
37 50 51 49 HBL
BF-2 HBL5
2

W2-IL1 (IA) 81
50 81
37 50 51 49 HBL
BF-2 HBL5
2

Figure 1-2 Functional Diagram: 7SR242n-2aAnn-0BA0 Relay

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

7SR242n-2aAnn-0CA0

W1-IL1 (IA) 37 50 50 51
49
81 81
(x2) BF-1 (x2) (x2) HBL2 HBL5

W1-IL2 (IB) 37 50 50 51
49
81 81
(x2) BF-1 (x2) (x2) HBL2 HBL5

W1-IL3 (IC) 37 50 50 51
49
81 81
(x2) BF-1 (x2) (x2) HBL2 HBL5

46 46
50N 51N
BC NPS
(x2) (x2)
(x2) (x4)

50
37G 50G 51G
BF-1 64H
(x2) (x2) (x4)
I4
IG1

ICT

Each function element

can be assigned to W1
or W2 CT inputs.

NOTE: The use of some

functions are mutually
exclusive

87HS 87BD ICT

50
37G BF-2 50G 51G 64H
IG2 I4
74
CCS
(x6)
46 46 74
50N 51N
BC NPS TCS
(x6)

W2-IL3 (IC) 50 81 81
37 50 51 49
BF-2 HBL2 HBL5

W2-IL2 (IB) 81
50 81
37 50 51 49 HBL
BF-2 HBL5
2

W2-IL1 (IA) 81
50 81
37 50 51 49 HBL
BF-2 HBL5
2

27
24 59N 81
59
(x3) (x2) (x6)
V1 (VX) (x4)

Figure 1-3 Functional Diagram: 7SR242n-2aAnn-0CA0 Relay

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

2
+ve
7SR242 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
-ve BI 10 BO 7
4 3

+ve 5
6
-ve BI 11 BO 8 D C B A Data
8 7
Comms
+ve 9 Optional PSU CT CT/VT
10 (Optional)
BI 12 BO 9 I/O
11

+ve 13
12
BI 13 BO 10 27 28 27 28 27 28 27 28
15

+ve 17
14 BO 11
BI 14 Rear View
BO 12 19 Arrangement of terminals and modules
+ve 21
16
-ve BI 15 23
18 BO 13
+ve 25
20 BO 14
BI 16 NOTES
27

+ve
22 BI = Binary Input
BI 17 BO = Binary Output
+ve
24
BI 18
+ve Shows contacts internal to relay case
26
BI 19 assembly.
28
-ve D Contacts close when the relay chassis is
withdrawn from case
1
+ve
22
BO 1
-ve
24
3

28 GND. 5

BO 2 7

+ve 9
2
-ve BI 1 11
4

6
+ve BO 3 13

-ve BI 2 15
8
+ve 17
10
BI 3 BO 4
-ve 19
12
21
14 A BO 5
23
16 Screen
25
18 B
BO 6 26
20 Term.
C 27

+ve 1A
18 1
-ve BI 4
20 2
+ve W2-IL1 (IA) 5A
22 3
-ve BI 5
24 4
+ve 1A
26 5
-ve BI 6
28 6
+ve W2-IL2 (IB) 5A
17 7
-ve BI 7
19 8
+ve 1A
21 9
-ve BI 8
23 10
+ve W2-IL3 (IC) 5A
25 11
-ve BI 9
27
B 12

1A
1 17

2 18
5A W1-IL1 (IA) IG2 5A
3 19

4 20
1A
5

6
5A W1-IL2 (IB)
7 27
V1 (VX)
8 28
1A
9

10
5A W1-IL3 (IC)
11

12
1A
13

14
5A IG1
15

16
A

Figure 1-4 Connection Diagram: 7SR242 Relay

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Section 2: Hardware Description

2.1 General
The structure of the relay is based upon the Multi-function hardware platform. The relays are supplied in either
size E8 or size E10 cases (where 1 x E = width of approx. 26mm). The hardware design provides commonality
between products and components across the Multi-function range of relays.

Table 2-1 Summary of 7SR24 Relay Configurations

Relay Current Voltage Binary Output LEDs Case

Inputs Inputs Inputs Relays

7SR2422 8 1 9 6 16 E8

7SR2423 8 1 19 14 24 E10

Relays are assembled from the following modules:

1) Front Fascia with three fixed function LEDs and ordering options of configurable LEDs.
2) Processor module
3) Analogue Input module ‘A’: 3 x Current + 6 x Binary Inputs
4) Analogue Input module ‘B’: 5 x Current + 1 x Voltage.
5) Power Supply and basic Binary Input (BI) and Binary Output (BO).
6) Optional Binary Input/Output Module
7) Optional data comms module

2.2 Case
The relays are housed in cases designed to fit directly into standard panel racks. The two case options have
widths of 208mm (E8) and 260 mm (E10), both have a height of 177 mm (4U). The required panel depth (with
wiring clearance) is 242 mm. An additional 75 mm depth clearance should be allowed to accommodate the
bending radius of fibre optic data communications cables if fitted.
The complete relay assembly is withdrawable from the front of the case. Contacts in the case ensure that the CT
circuits remain short-circuited when the relay is removed.
The rear terminal blocks comprise M4 female terminals for wire connections. Each terminal can accept two 4mm
crimps.
Located at the top rear of the case is a screw clamp earthing point, this must be connected to the main panel
earth.

2.3 Front Cover

With the transparent front cover in place the user only has access to the ▼ and TEST/RESET► buttons,
allowing all areas of the menu system to be viewed, but preventing setting changes and control actions. The only
‘action’ that is permitted is to reset the Fault Data display, latched binary outputs and LEDs by using the
TEST/RESET  button.
The front cover is used to secure the relay assembly in the case.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

2.4 Power Supply Unit (PSU)

The relay PSU can be directly connected to any substation dc system rated from 30V dc to 220V dc.
In the event of the station battery voltage level falling below the relay minimum operate level the PSU will
automatically switch itself off and latch out – this prevents any PSU overload conditions occurring. The PSU is
reset by switching the auxiliary supply off then on.

2.5 Operator Interface/ Fascia

The operator interface is designed to provide a user-friendly method of controlling, entering settings and retrieving
data from the relay.

Figure 2-1 7SR24 with 3 + 16 LEDs in E8 Case

NOTE: Pushbuttons on cover not shown

The fascia is an integral part of the relay. Handles are located at each side of the element to allow it to be
withdrawn from the relay case.

Relay Information
Above the LCD three labels are provided, these provide the following information:
1) Product name and order code.
2) Nominal current rating, rated frequency, voltage rating, auxiliary dc supply rating, binary input supply
rating, configuration and serial number.
3) Blank label for user defined information.
A ‘template’ is available within the ‘Reydisp’ program to allow users to create and print customised LED label
inserts.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

The warning and information labels on the relay fascia provide the following information:

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

A 4 line by 20-character liquid crystal display indicates settings, instrumentation, fault data and control
commands.
To conserve power the display backlighting is extinguished when no buttons are pressed for a user defined
period. A setting within the “SYSTEM CONFIG” menu allows the timeout to be adjusted from 1 to 60 minutes and
“Off” (backlight permanently on). After an hour the display is completely de-activated. Pressing any key will re-
activate the display.
The LCD contrast can be adjusted using a flat blade screwdriver to turn the screw located below the contrast
symbol . Turning the screw clockwise increases the contrast, anti-clockwise reduces the contrast.

‘PROTECTION HEALTHY’ LED

This green LED is steadily illuminated to indicate that DC voltage has been applied to the relay power supply and
that the relay is operating correctly. If the internal relay watchdog detects an internal fault then this LED will
continuously flash.

‘PICKUP’ LED
This yellow LED is illuminated to indicate that a user selectable function(s) has picked up. The LED will self reset
after the initiating condition has been removed.
Functions are assigned to the PICKUP LED in the OUTPUT CONFIG>PICKUP CONFIG menu.

‘TRIP’ LED
This red LED is steadily illuminated to indicate that a user selectable function has operated to trip the circuit
breaker. Functions are assigned to the ‘Trip’ LED using the OUTPUT CONFIG>Trip Contacts setting.
Operation of the LED is latched and can be reset by either pressing the TEST/RESET► button, energising a
suitably programmed binary input, or, by sending an appropriate command over the data communications
channel(s).

Indication LEDs
Relays have either 8 or 16 user programmable LED indicators. Each LED can be programmed to be illuminated
as either green, yellow or red. Where an LED is programmed to be lit both red and green it will illuminate yellow. .
Each LED can be assigned two different colours dependent upon whether a Start/Pickup or Operate condition

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

initiates operation. The LED illumination colour is assigned in the OUTPUT CONFIG>LED CONFIG menu for both
Pickup and Operate initiation.
Functions are assigned to the LEDs in the OUTPUT CONFIG>OUTPUT MATRIX menu.
Each LED can be labelled by withdrawing the relay and inserting a label strip into the pocket behind the front
fascia. A ‘template’ is available to allow users to create and print customised legends.
Each LED can be user programmed as hand or self–resetting. Hand reset LEDs can be reset by either pressing
the TEST/RESET► button, energising a suitably programmed binary input, or, by sending an appropriate
command over the data communications channel(s).
The status of hand reset LEDs is maintained by a back up storage capacitor in the event of an interruption to the
d.c. supply voltage.

Standard Keys
The relay is supplied as standard with five pushbuttons. The buttons are used to navigate the menu structure and
control relay functions. They are labelled:
▲ Increases a setting or moves up menu.
▼ Decreases a setting or moves down menu.
TEST/RESET► Moves right, can be used to reset selected functionality and for LED test (at
relay identifier screen).
ENTER Used to initiate and accept settings changes.
CANCEL. Used to cancel settings changes and/or move up the menu structure by one
level per press.

NOTE: All settings and configuration of LEDs, BI, BO and function keys can be accessed and set by the user
using these keys. Alternatively configuration/settings files can be loaded into the relay using ‘ReyDisp’.

2.6 Current Inputs

In total eight current inputs are provided on the Analogue Input modules. Terminals are available for both 1A and
5A inputs. CT ratios are input by the user in the CT/VT CONFIG menu.
Current is sampled at 1600Hz for 50Hz systems and 1920Hz for 60Hz systems (32 samples per cycle).
The waveform recorder samples and displays current input waveforms at 32 samples per cycle.

2.7 Voltage Input

An optional voltage input is provided on the Analogue Input module ‘A’.
VT ratios are input by the user in the CT/VT CONFIG menu.
Voltage is sampled at 1600Hz for 50Hz systems and 1920Hz for 60Hz systems (32 samples per cycle).
The waveform recorder displays the voltage input waveform at 32 samples per cycle.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

2.8 Binary inputs

The binary inputs are opto-couplers operated from a suitably rated dc supply.
Relays are fitted with 9 or 19 binary inputs (BI). The user can assign any binary input to any of the available
functions (INPUT CONFIG > INPUT MATRIX).
The Power Supply module includes the relay basic I/O. The module includes 3 x BI.
Pick-up (PU) and drop-off (DO) time delays are associated with each binary input. Where no pick-up time delay
has been applied the input may pick up due to induced ac voltage on the wiring connections (e.g. cross site
wiring). The default pick-up time of 20ms provides ac immunity. Each input can be programmed independently.
Each input may be logically inverted to facilitate integration of the relay within the user scheme. When inverted the
relay indicates that the BI is energised when no d.c. is applied. Inversion occurs before the PU & DO time delay,
see fig. 2.8-1.
Each input may be mapped to any front Fascia indication LED and/or to any Binary output contact and can also
be used with the internal user programmable logic. This allows the relay to provide panel indications and alarms.

Inverted Inputs

BI 1 P/U Delay BI 1 D/O Delay

BI 1 inverted
BI 1
=1 Event
Binary Input 1

INPUT
CONFIG> INPUT CONFIG>
BINARY INPUT MATRIX
INPUT
CONFIG
(Or gates)

BI n P/U Delay BI n D/O Delay

BI n inverted
BI n
=1 Event
Binary Input n

Logic signals,
e.g. '51-1 Inhibit'

Figure 2-2 Binary Input Logic

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

2.9 Binary outputs (Output Relays)

Relays are fitted with 6 or 14 binary outputs. All outputs are fully user configurable and can be programmed to
operate from any or all of the available functions.
The Power Supply module includes the relay basic I/O. The module includes six binary outputs each fitted with 1
contact – providing in total 1 x normally closed (NC), 2 x change-over (CO) and 3 x normally open (NO) contacts.
In the default mode of operation binary outputs are self reset and remain energised for a user configurable
minimum time of up to 60 seconds. If required, outputs can be programmed to operate as ‘hand reset’ or ‘pulsed’.
Where an output is programmed to be ‘hand reset’ and ‘pulsed’ then the output will be ‘hand reset’ only.
The binary outputs can be used to operate the trip coils of the circuit breaker directly where the trip coil current
does not exceed the 'make and carry' contact rating. The circuit breaker auxiliary contacts or other in-series
auxiliary device must be used to break the trip coil current.
CB1 and CB2 ‘Trip Contacts’ are assigned in the OUTPUT CONFIG>BINARY OUTPUT CONFIG menu.
Operation of a ‘Trip Contact’ will actuate the ‘Trip Alert’ screen where enabled and will initiate both fault record
storage and CB Fail protection where enabled.
When the relay is withdrawn from the case all normally closed contacts will be open circuited. This should be
considered in the design of the control and protection circuitry.

Notes on Self Reset Outputs

Outputs reset after the initiate condition is removed, they are subject to the user definable ‘Minimum Operate
Time’ setting.
With a failed breaker condition the relay may remain operated until current flow in the primary system is
interrupted by an upstream device. The relay will then reset and attempt to interrupt trip coil current flowing
through an output contact. Where this level is above the break rating of the output contact an auxiliary relay with
heavy-duty contacts should be utilised.

Notes on Pulsed Outputs

When operated, the output will reset after the user definable ‘Minimum Operate Time’ setting regardless of the
initiating condition.

Notes on Hand Reset Outputs

Hand reset outputs can be reset by either pressing the TEST/RESET► button, by energising a suitably
programmed binary input, or, by sending an appropriate command over the data communications channel(s).
On loss of the auxiliary supply hand-reset outputs will reset. When the auxiliary supply is re-established the binary
output will remain in the reset state unless the initiating condition is still present.

Binary Output Test

The MAINTENANCE>OUTPUT MATRIX TEST menu includes a facility to test output relays from the relay fascia
without the need for a secondary injection test set.
Binary outputs can also be energised from the Reydisp Evolution software package where PC facilities are
available.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Logic signals,
e.g. '51-1' Reset LEDs & Outputs (TEST/RESET key, Binary Input, Data Comms)

BO 1
Output 1
S
Q Event
R
Hand Reset
& &
BO 1 hand reset

Min Operate Time 1

OUTPUT CONFIG> &
OUTPUT MATRIX 1
(Or gates)

OUTPUT OUTPUT
CONFIG> CONFIG>
BINARY BINARY
OUTPUT OUTPUT
CONFIG CONFIG

BO n
Output n
S
Q Event
R

& &
BO n hand reset
1
&
1

Figure 2-3 Binary Output Logic

2.10 Virtual Input/Outputs

The relays have 16 virtual input/outputs, these are internal logic states. Virtual I/O is assigned in the same way as
physical Binary Inputs and Binary Outputs. Virtual I/O is mapped from within the INPUT CONFIG > INPUT
MATRIX and OUTPUT CONFIG > OUTPUT MATRIX menus.
The status of virtual I/O is not stored during power loss.

2.11 Self Monitoring

The relay incorporates a number of self-monitoring features. Each of these features can initiate a controlled reset
recovery sequence.
Supervision includes a power supply watchdog, code execution watchdog, memory checks by checksum and
processor/ADC health checks. When all checks indicate the relay is operating correctly the ‘Protection Healthy’
LED is illuminated.
If an internal failure is detected, a message will be displayed, also an event will be generated and stored. The
relay will reset in an attempt to rectify the failure. This will result in de-energisation of any binary output mapped to
‘protection healthy’ and flashing of the protection healthy LED. If a successful reset is achieved by the relay the
LED and output contact will revert back to normal operational mode, and the relay will restart.

2.11.1 Protection Healthy/Defective

A normally open contact can be used to signal protection healthy. When the relay has DC supply and it has
successfully passed its self-checking procedure then the Protection Healthy contacts are made.
A normally closed contact is used to signal protection defective. When the DC supply is not applied to the relay or
a problem is detected within the relay then this output is de-energised and the normally closed contacts make to
provide an external alarm.
An alarm can be provided if the relay is withdrawn from the case. A contact is provided in the case at positions
25-26 of the PSU module, this contact closes when the relay is withdrawn.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Section 3: Protection Functions

3.1 Current Protection: Differential Protection

Comprises both biased differential and high-set differential elements.
The fundamental frequency current is measured with the line CT inputs. These line currents are both multiplied
and vector corrected before being applied to the current differential elements.

3.1.1 ICT

The Wn ICT Multiplier setting is applied to the line currents – the CT secondary currents. The multiplier is used
to correct any CT ratio mismatch so that ideally nominal current (ICTOUT = 1A) is applied to the biased differential
algorithm.

The Wn ICT Connection setting applies the correct vector compensation to the current applied to the differential
algorithm.
The nominal current ratio of the virtual interposing CT is 1:1. Note that where Yd settings are applied some
current distributions will result in a √3 multiplying factor being applied. See ‘Applications Guide’.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.1.2 Overall Biased Differential (87BD)

IW1 IW2

IW1 + IW2 2nd Bias

Slope Type

S lope
st Bias
D1
87B

87BD Initial
Setting Bias (Restraint) Current

IW1 + IW2 1st Bias

Slope
2 Limit

Figure 3-1 Biased Differential Characteristic

Figure 3.1-1 illustrates the biased differential characteristic. Within the relay the fundamental frequency RMS line
currents are modified by the ICT Multiplier and ICT Connection settings (see 3.1.1) before being applied to the
biased differential elements. The biased differential elements calculate the operate current for each phase from
the vector sum of winding 1 and winding 2 currents i.e. IOPERATE = IW1 + IW2. The bias (or restraint) current is
I W1 + I W2
calculated from the total current of winding 1 and winding 2 currents i.e. IRESTRAIN = .
2
The 87BD Initial setting defines the minimum differential current required to operate the relay.
The 87BD 1st Bias Slope setting is used to ensure protection stability in the presence of steady state errors e.g.
the effects of an on-load tap changer.
The 87BD 1st Bias Slope Limit setting defines the border between the 1st and 2nd bias slopes.
87BD 2nd Bias Slope Type setting allows the user to select the preferred characteristic shape i.e. Line or Curve.
The 87BD 2nd Bias Slope setting is applied when 87BD 2nd Bias Slope Type = Line. This setting is used to
modify the sensitivity of the differential algorithm at higher current levels.
The output of 87BD Delay can be mapped to relay outputs.

Operation of the biased differential elements can be inhibited from:

Inhibit 87BD A binary or virtual input.
87BD Inrush Action: Inhibit Operation of the inrush current detector
87BD Overfluxing Action: Inhibit Operation of the overfluxing detector

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

87BD Element 87BD Initial

Disabled 87BD 1st Bias Slope

Enabled 87BD 1st Bias Slope Limit

& 87BD 2nd Bias Slope Type

Inhibit 87BD 87BD 2nd Bias Slope
c

87BD ‘A’
Inhibit c A
ICT Pickup

General Pickup
W1 ICT Multiplier trip 1
W1 ICT Connection 87BD ‘B’
W1-IL1 Inhibit c B Pickup

W1-IL2 trip 87BD Delay

W1-IL3 87BD ‘C’
Inhibit c C Pickup
87BD
1
trip
ICT

W2 ICT Multiplier
W2 ICT Connection
W2-IL1
W2-IL2
W2-IL3

87BD Inrush Action

81HBL2 Element
81HBL2 Setting
Off
Disabled 81HBL2 Bias
Inhibit
Enabled c
L1 81HBL2
& 87BD ‘A’ Inhibit
Wn-IL1 >
& 87BD ‘B’ Inhibit
Wn-IL2 > L2 81HBL2
Wn-IL3 > & 87BD ‘C’ Inhibit
L3 81HBL2

87BD Overfluxing Action

81HBL5 Element
81HBL5 Setting
Off
Disabled 81HBL5 Bias
Inhibit
Enabled c
L1 81HBL5
& 87BD ‘A’ Inhibit
Wn-IL1 >
Wn-IL2 > L2 81HBL5 & 87BD ‘B’ Inhibit

Wn-IL3 > & 87BD ‘C’ Inhibit

L3 81HBL5

Figure 3-2 Functional Diagram for Biased Current Differential Protection

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.1.3 87HS

IW1 + IW2

IW1 + IW2
2
Figure 3-3 Differential Highset Characteristic

Figure 3.1-3 illustrates the differential highset characteristic. Within the relay the fundamental frequency RMS line
currents are modified by the ICT Multiplier and ICT Connection settings (see 3.1.1) before being applied to the
differential highset elements. The differential highset elements calculate the operate current for each phase from
the vector sum of winding 1 and winding 2 currents i.e. IOPERATE = IW1 + IW2.
87HS Setting defines the differential current required to operate the element. The output of 87HS Delay can be
mapped to relay outputs.
Operation of the highset differential elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 87HS A binary or virtual input.
87HS Inrush Action: Inhibit Operation of the inrush current detector
87HS Overfluxing Action: Inhibit Operation of the overfluxing detector

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

87HS Element

Disabled
Enabled
& 87HS Setting
Inhibit 87HS c

87HS ‘A’
ICT c Pickup
Inhibit

W1 ICT Multiplier trip & General Pickup

W1 ICT Connection 87HS ‘B’

c Pickup
Inhibit
W1-IL1
trip
W1-IL2 87HS Delay
W1-IL3 87HS ‘C’
c Pickup
Inhibit
& 87HS
trip
ICT

W2 ICT Multiplier
W2 ICT Connection
W2-IL1
W2-IL2
W2-IL3

87HS Inrush Action

81HBL2 Element
81HBL2 Setting
Off
Disabled 81HBL2 Bias
Inhibit
Enabled c
L1 81HBL2
& 87HS ‘A’ Inhibit
Wn-IL1 >
& 87HS ‘B’ Inhibit
Wn-IL2 > L2 81HBL2
Wn-IL3 > & 87HS ‘C’ Inhibit
L3 81HBL2

87HS Overfluxing Action

81HBL5 Element
81HBL5 Setting
Off
Disabled 81HBL5 Bias
Inhibit
Enabled c
L1 81HBL5
& 87HS ‘A’ Inhibit
Wn-IL1 >
Wn-IL2 > L2 81HBL5 & 87HS ‘B’ Inhibit

Wn-IL3 > & 87HS ‘C’ Inhibit

L3 81HBL5

Figure 3-4 Logic Diagram: High Set Current Differential Protection

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.2 Current Protection: Phase Overcurrent (51, 50)

The optional phase overcurrent elements have a common setting to measure either fundamental frequency RMS
or True RMS current:
True RMS current: 51/50 Measurement = RMS
Fundamental Frequency RMS current: 51/50 Measurement = Fundamental

3.2.1 Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (50)

Optionally two instantaneous overcurrent elements are provided, each can be selected to either winding 1 or
winding 2.
Each instantaneous element (50-n) has independent settings. 50-n Setting for pick-up current and 50-n Delay
follower time delay. The instantaneous elements have transient free operation.
Operation of the instantaneous overcurrent elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 50-n A binary or virtual input.
50-n Inrush Action: Inhibit Operation of the inrush detector function.

50-n

Disabled
Enabled
& 50-n Setting
Inhibit 50-n General Pickup
c 1

& c 50-n Delay

50-n Inrush
L1 81HBL2
Action >
Off
Inhibit
& c
L2 81HBL2 > 50-n
1

& c
L3 81HBL2 >

50/51
Measurement

Wn-IL1
Wn-IL2
Wn-IL3

Figure 3-5 Logic Diagram: Instantaneous Over-current Element

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.2.2 Time Delayed Overcurrent Protection (51)

Optionally two time delayed overcurrent elements are provided, each can be selected to either winding 1 or
winding 2.
51-n Setting sets the pick-up current level.
A number of shaped characteristics are provided. An inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) characteristic is
selected from IEC, ANSI or user defined curves using 51-n Char. A time multiplier is applied to the characteristic
curves using the 51-n Time Mult setting. Alternatively, a definite time lag delay (DTL) can be chosen using 51-n
Char. When Delay (DTL) is selected the time multiplier is not applied and the 51-n Delay (DTL) setting is used
instead. The full list of operating curves is given in Chapter 2 – ‘Settings, Configuration and Instruments Guide’.
Operating curve characteristics are illustrated in Chapter 3 – ‘Performance Specification’.
The 51-n Reset setting can apply a definite time delayed reset, or when configured as an ANSI characteristic an
ANSI (DECAYING) reset. If ANSI (DECAYING) reset is selected for an IEC characteristic, the reset will be
instantaneous. The reset mode is significant where the characteristic has reset before issuing a trip output – see
‘Applications Guide’.
A minimum operate time for the characteristic can be set using 51-n Min. Operate Time setting.
A fixed additional operate time can be added to the characteristic using 51-n Follower DTL setting.
Operation of the time delayed overcurrent elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 51-n A binary or virtual input.
51-n Inrush Action: Inhibit Operation of the inrush detector function.

51-n Setting
51-n Char
51-n Element
51-n Time Mult
Disabled 51-n Delay (DTL)
Enabled 51-n Min. Operate Time
& 51-n Follower DTL
Inhibit 51-n
51-n Reset
c

51-n Inrush & c Pickup

L1 81HBL2
Action
General Pickup
Off trip 1
Inhibit
& c Pickup
L2 81HBL2
trip

& c Pickup
L3 81HBL2 51-n
1
trip

50/51
Measurement

Wn-IL1
Wn-IL2
Wn-IL3

Figure 3-6 Logic Diagram: Time Delayed Overcurrent Element

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.3 Current Protection: Derived Earth Fault (50N, 51N)

The earth current is derived by calculating the sum of the measured line currents. These optional elements utilise
RMS current values of the fundamental frequency (50 or 60Hz).

3.3.1 Instantaneous Derived Earth Fault Protection (50N)

Optionally two instantaneous derived earth fault elements are provided, each can be selected to either winding 1
or winding 2.
Each instantaneous element has independent settings for pick-up current 50N-n Setting and a follower time
delay 50N-n Delay. The instantaneous elements have transient free operation.
Operation of the instantaneous earth fault elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 50N-nt A binary or virtual input.
50N-n Inrush Action: Inhibit Operation of the inrush detector function.

Figure 3-7 Logic Diagram: Instantaneous Derived Earth Fault Element

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.3.2 Time Delayed Derived Earth Fault Protection (51N)

Optionally two time delayed derived earth fault elements are provided, each can be selected to either winding 1 or
winding 2.
51N-n Setting sets the pick-up current level.
A number of shaped characteristics are provided. An inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) characteristic is
selected from IEC, ANSI or user defined curves using 51N-n Char. A time multiplier is applied to the
characteristic curves using the 51N-n Time Mult setting. Alternatively, a definite time lag delay (DTL) can be
chosen using 51N-n Char. When Delay (DTL) is selected the time multiplier is not applied and the 51N-n Delay
(DTL) setting is used instead.
The 51N-n Reset setting can apply a definite time delayed or ANSI (DECAYING) reset. The reset mode is
significant where the characteristic has reset before issuing a trip output – see ‘Applications Guide’.
A minimum operate time for the characteristic can be set using the 51N-n Min. Operate Time setting.
A fixed additional operate time can be added to the characteristic using the 51N-n Follower DTL setting.
Operation of the time delayed earth fault elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 51N-n A binary or virtual input.
51N-n Inrush Action: Inhibit Operation of the inrush detector function.

51N-n Element
51N-n Setting
Disabled
51N-n Charact
Enabled
51N-n Time Mult
&
Inhibit 51N-n 51N-n Delay (DTL)
51N-n Min Operate Time
51N-n Follower DTL
51N-n Inrush
Action 51N-n Reset
Off c
Inhibit
& c Pickup General Pickup
81HBL2
trip 51N-n

Wn-IL1
IN
Wn-IL2
Wn-IL3

Figure 3-8 Logic Diagram: Derived Time Delayed Earth Fault Protection

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.4 Current Protection: Measured Earth Fault (50G, 51G)

The earth current is measured directly via dedicated current analogue inputs. These optional elements utilise
either RMS or Fundamental current values as defined by the 51G/50G Measurement setting (MEASURED E/F
menu).

3.4.1 Instantaneous Measured Earth Fault Protection (50G)

Optionally two instantaneous measured earth fault elements are provided, each can be selected to either winding
1 or winding 2.
Each instantaneous element has independent settings for pick-up current 50G-n Setting and a follower time
delay 50G-n Delay. The instantaneous elements have transient free operation.
Operation of the instantaneous measured earth fault elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 50G-n A binary or virtual input.
50G-n Inrush Action: Inhibit Operation of the inrush detector function.

Figure 3-9 Logic Diagram: Measured Instantaneous Earth-fault Element

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.4.2 Time Delayed Measured Earth Fault Protection (51G)

Optionally two time delayed measured earth fault elements are provided, each can be selected to either winding 1
or winding 2.
51G-n Setting sets the pick-up current level.
A number of shaped characteristics are provided. An inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) characteristic is
selected from IEC, ANSI or user defined curves using 51G-n Char. A time multiplier is applied to the
characteristic curves using the 51G-n Time Mult setting. Alternatively, a definite time lag (DTL) can be chosen
using 51G-n Char. When DTL is selected the time multiplier is not applied and the 51G-n Delay (DTL) setting is
used instead.
The 51G-n Reset setting can apply a definite time delayed or ANSI (DECAYING) reset. The reset mode is
significant where the characteristic has reset before issuing a trip output – see ‘Applications Guide’.
A minimum operate time for the characteristic can be set using 51G-n Min. Operate Time setting.
A fixed additional operate time can be added to the characteristic using 51G-n Follower DTL setting.
Operation of the time delayed measured earth fault elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 51G-n A binary or virtual input.
51G-n Inrush Action: Inhibit Operation of the inrush detector function.

51G-n Element

Disabled
Enabled
&
Inhibit 51G-n 51G-n Setting
51G-n Charact
51G-n Inrush 51G-n Time Mult
Action
51G-n Delay (DTL)
Off
51G-n Min Operate Time
Inhibit
51G-n Follower DTL
&
51G-n Reset
81HBL2
c

51G/50G Measurement
c Pickup General Pickup

IGn trip 51G-n

Figure 3-10 Logic Diagram: Time Delayed Measured Earth Fault Element (51G)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.5 Current Protection: High Impedance Restricted Earth

Fault (64H)
Two high impedance restricted earth fault elements are provided, one for each transformer winding
The relay utilises fundamental current measurement values for this function.
The single phase current input is derived from the residual output of line/neutral CTs connected in parallel. An
external stabilising resistor must be connected in series with this input to ensure that this element provides a high
impedance path.
64H Current Setting sets the pick-up current level. An output is given after elapse of the 64H Delay setting.
An external series stabilising resistor and a parallel connected voltage limiting non-linear resistor are used with
this function. See ‘Applications Guide’ for advice in specifying suitable component values.
Operation of the high impedance element can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 64H A binary or virtual input.

64H Element

Disabled 64H Current Setting

Enabled 64H Delay

& c
Inhibit 64H > 64H
IG

Figure 3-11 Logic Diagram: High Impedance REF (64H)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.6 Open Circuit (46BC)

Optionally two open circuit elements are provided, each can be selected to either winding 1 or winding 2.
The element calculates the ratio of NPS to PPS currents. Where the NPS:PPS current ratio is above 46BC
Setting an output is given after the 46BC Delay.
The Open Circuit function can be inhibited from
Inhibit 46BC A binary or virtual input .
Gn 46BC-n U/I Guarded Operation of the undercurrent guard function.

46BC Element

Enabled
Disabled

Inhibit 46BC

46BC-n U/I
Guarded

Yes 46BC Setting

46BC-n U/I
Guard Setting & c
< &
< & 46BC Delay
<
46BC
IL1
NPS I2
IL2
Filter
IL3

PPS I1
Filter

Figure 3-12 Logic Diagram: Open Circuit Function (46BC)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.7 Current Protection: Negative Phase Sequence

Overcurrent (46NPS)
Optionally four NPS current elements are provided – 2 x 46IT and 2 x 46DT. Each element can be selected to
either winding 1 or winding 2.

The 46IT elements can be configured to be either definite time lag (DTL) or inverse definite minimum time (IDMT),
46IT Setting sets the pick-up current level for the element.
A number of shaped characteristics are provided. An inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) characteristic is
selected from IEC and ANSI curves using 46IT Char. A time multiplier is applied to the characteristic curves using
the 46IT Time Mult setting. Alternatively, a definite time lag delay (DTL) can be chosen using 46ITChar. When
Delay (DTL) is selected the time multiplier is not applied and the 46IT Delay (DTL) setting is used instead.
The 46IT Reset setting can apply a, definite time delayed or ANSI (DECAYING) reset.

The 46DT elements have a DTL characteristic. 46DT Setting sets the pick-up current and 46DT Delay the
follower time delay.

Operation of the negative phase sequence overcurrent elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 46IT A binary or virtual input.
Inhibit 46DT A binary or virtual input.

46IT Setting
46IT Char

46IT-n Element 46IT Time Mult

46IT Delay (DTL)
Disabled
46IT Reset
Enabled
& c Pickup General Pickup
Inhibit 46IT-n
trip 46IT-n

Wn-IL1
I2
Wn-IL2 NPS
Wn-IL3

General Pickup

46DT-n Element 46DT Setting

46DT-n Delay
Disabled
Enabled > 46DT-n
& c
Inhibit 46DT-n

Figure 3-13 Logic Diagram: Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent (46NPS)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.8 Current Protection: Under-Current (37, 37G)

Optionally two under-current elements are provided for both line and measured earth current, each can be
selected to either winding 1 or winding 2.
Each phase has an independent level detector and current-timing element. 37-n Setting sets the pick-up current.
An output is given after elapse of the 37-n Delay setting.
Operation of the under-current elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 37-n A binary or virtual input.
Gn 37-n U/I Guarded Operation of the undercurrent guard function.
Inhibit 37G-n A binary or virtual input.

37-n Element

Disabled

Enabled

Inhibit 37-n

37-n U/I
Guarded

Yes

37-n U/I Guard

Setting &
< &
37-n Setting
<
1
< c 37-n Delay

Wn IL1 <

Wn IL2 < 1 37-n

Wn IL3 <

37G-n Element

Disabled

Enabled 37G-n Setting

& c
37G-n Delay
Inhibit 37G-n

Ig-n < 37G-n

Figure 3-14 Logic Diagram: Undercurrent Detector (37, 37G)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.9 Current Protection: Thermal Overload (49)

Optionally a phase segregated thermal overload element is provided, this can be selected to either winding 1 or
winding 2. The thermal state is calculated using the measured True RMS current.
Should the current rise above the 49 Overload Setting for a defined time an output signal will be initiated.
Operate Time (t):-

⎧ I2 − IP2 ⎫
t = τ × ln ⎨ 2 2 ⎬
⎩ I − (k × IB ) ⎭

Where
T = Time in minutes
τ = 49 Time Constant setting (minutes)
In = Log Natural
I = measured current
IP = Previous steady state current level
k = Constant
IB = Basic current, typically the same as In
k.IB = 49 Overload Setting (Iθ)

Additionally, an alarm can be given if the thermal state of the system exceeds a specified percentage of the
protected equipment’s thermal capacity 49 Capacity Alarm setting.

For the heating curve:

I2 −t
θ= 2
⋅ (1− e τ
) × 100%
I θ

Where: θ = thermal state at time t

I = measured thermal current
Iθ = 49 Overload setting (or k.IB)

The final steady state thermal condition can be predicted for any steady state value of input current where t >τ,

I2
θF = × 100%
Iθ2
Where: θF = final thermal state before disconnection of device

49 Overload Setting Iθ is expressed as a multiple of the relay nominal current and is equivalent to the factor k.IB
as defined in the IEC255-8 thermal operating characteristics. It is the value of current above which 100% of
thermal capacity will be reached after a period of time and it is therefore normally set slightly above the full load
current of the protected device.
The thermal state may be reset from the fascia or externally via a binary input.
Thermal overload protection can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 49 A binary or virtual input.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

49 Thermal
49 Overload Setting
Overload
Disabled 49 Time Constant

Enabled 49 Capacity Alarm

& c
Inhibit 49
cap alarm

Wn-IL1
trip
1 49 Alarm
cap alarm

Wn-IL2
trip

cap alarm 1 49 Trip

Wn-IL3
trip

Figure 3-15 Logic Diagram: Thermal Overload Protection (49)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.10 Voltage Protection: Over Fluxing (24)

Optionally, three over fluxing elements are provided – 2 x 24DT and 1 x 24IT Char elements.
The 24DT Elements have a DTL characteristic. 24DT Setting sets the pick-up level and 24DT Delay the follower
time delay. An output is given if the Volts/Hertz ratio is above setting for the duration of the delay. The 24DT-n
Hysteresis setting allows the user to vary the pick-up/drop-off ratio for the element.

The 24IT Element has a user definable shape.

24Xn Point Setting sets the over fluxing (V/f) level for up to 7 user definable points.
24Yn Point Setting sets the operate time for each of the defined points.
The 24IT Reset setting can apply a, definite time delayed reset.

X0, Y0 point
Y0 defines
X
curve pick-up

X Straight-line
between points
X X6, Y6 point
defines
X curve cut-off
X
Y6 X

X0 X6 X - (V/f)
Figure 3-16 Inverse Over-fluxing Characteristic (24IT)

Operation of the over fluxing elements can be inhibited from:

Inhibit 24IT A binary or virtual input.
Inhibit 24DT-n A binary or virtual input.

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Figure 3-17 Logic Diagram: Overfluxing Elements (24)

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3.11 Voltage Protection: Under/Over Voltage (27/59)

Optionally four under/over voltage elements are provided.
The relay utilises fundamental voltage measurement values for this function.
27/59-n Setting sets the pick-up voltage level for the element.
The sense of the element (undervoltage or overvoltage) is set by the 27/59-n Operation setting.
Voltage elements are blocked if the measured voltage falls below the 27/59 U/V Guard setting.
An output is given after elapse of the 27/59-n Delay setting.
The 27/59-n Hysteresis setting allows the user to vary the pick-up/drop-off ratio for the element.
Operation of the under/over voltage elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 27/59-n A binary or virtual input.
27/59-n U/V Guarded Under voltage guard element.

27/59-n Element

Disabled
Enabled

Inhibit 27/59-n

27/59-n U/V
Guarded
27/59-n Operation
Yes
27/59-n Setting

27/59 U/V Guard

& 27/59-n Hysteresis
General Pickup

Setting
& c
< 27/59-n Delay

V > or < 27/59-n

Figure 3-18 Logic Diagram: Under/Over Voltage Elements (27/59)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

3.12 Voltage Protection: Neutral Overvoltage (59N)

Optionally two Neutral Overvoltage (or Neutral Voltage Displacement) elements are provided.
One of the elements can be configured to be either definite time lag (DTL) or inverse definite minimum time
(IDMT),
59NIT Setting sets the pick-up voltage level (3V0) for the element.
An inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) can be selected using 59NIT Char. A time multiplier is applied to the
characteristic curves using the 59NIT Time Mult setting (M):

⎡ M ⎤
t op = ⎢ 3Vo ⎥
⎣ [ Vs ] − 1⎦

Alternatively, a definite time lag delay (DTL) can be chosen using 59NITChar. When Delay (DTL) is selected the
time multiplier is not applied and the 59NIT Delay (DTL) setting is used instead.
An instantaneous or definite time delayed reset can be applied using the 59NIT Reset setting.

The second element has a DTL characteristic. 59NDT Setting sets the pick-up voltage (3V0) and 59NDT Delay
the follower time delay.

Operation of the neutral overvoltage elements can be inhibited from:

Inhibit 59NIT A binary or virtual input.
Inhibit59NDT A binary or virtual input.

It should be noted that neutral voltage displacement can only be applied to VT arrangements that allow zero
sequence flux to flow in the core i.e. a 5-limb VT or 3 single phase VTs. The VT primary winding neutral must be
earthed to allow the flow of zero sequence current.

Figure 3-19 Logic Diagram: Neutral Overvoltage Element

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3.13 Voltage Protection: Under/Over Frequency (81)

Optionally six under/over frequency elements are provided.
Frequency elements are blocked if the measured voltage falls below the 81 U/V Guard setting.
The sense of the element (under-frequency or over-frequency) is set by the 81-n Operation setting.
81-n Setting sets the pick-up frequency for the element.
An output is given after elapse of the 81-n Delay setting.
The 81-n Hysteresis setting allows the user to vary the pick-up/drop-off ratio for the element.
Operation of the under/over frequency elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 81-n A binary or virtual input.
81-n U/V Guarded Under voltage guard element.

Figure 3-20 Logic Diagram: Under/Over Frequency Detector (81)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Section 4: Control & Logic Functions

4.1 Quick Logic

The ‘Quick Logic’ feature allows the user to input up to 16 logic equations (E1 to E16) in text format. Equations
can be entered using Reydisp or at the relay fascia.
Each logic equation is built up from text representing control characters. Each can be up to 20 characters long.
Allowable characters are:
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Digit
( ) Parenthesis
! ‘NOT’ Function
. ‘AND’ Function
^ ‘EXCLUSIVE OR’ Function
+ ‘OR’ Function
En Equation (number)
Fn Function Key (number)
‘1’ = Key pressed, ‘0’ = Key not pressed
In Binary Input (number)
‘1’ = Input energised, ‘0’ = Input de-energised
Ln LED (number)
‘1’ = LED energised, ‘0’ = LED de-energised
On Binary output (number)
‘1’ = Output energised, ‘0’ = Output de-energised
Vn Virtual Input/Output (number)
‘1’ = Virtual I/O energised, ‘0’ = Virtual I/O de-energised

Example Showing Use of Nomenclature

E1= ((I1^F1).!O2)+L1

Equation 1 = ((Binary Input 1 XOR Function Key 1) AND NOT Binary Output 2)
OR
LED 1

When the equation is satisfied (=1) it is routed through a pick-up timer (En Pickup Delay), a drop-off timer (En
Dropoff Delay), and a counter which instantaneously picks up and increments towards its target (En Counter
Target).
The counter will either maintain its count value En Counter Reset Mode = OFF, or reset after a time delay:
En Counter Reset Mode = Single Shot: The En Counter Reset Time is started only when the counter
is first incremented (i.e. counter value = 1) and not for subsequent counter operations. Where En
Counter Reset Time elapses and the count value has not reached its target the count value is reset to
zero.
En Counter Reset Mode = Multi Shot: The En Counter Reset Time is started each time the counter is
incremented. Where En Counter Reset Time elapses without further count increments the count value
is reset to zero.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

D
.O
.D
EL
Y

AY
A
EL
.D
U
P.

Figure 4-1 Sequence Diagram showing PU/DO Timers in Quick Logic (Counter Reset Mode Off)

When the count value = En Counter Target the output of the counter (En) = 1 and this value is held until the
initiating conditions are removed when En is instantaneously reset.
The output of En is assigned in the OUTPUT CONFIG>OUTPUT MATRIX menu where it can be programmed to
any binary output (O), LED (L) or Virtual Input/Output (V) combination.
Protection functions can be used in Quick Logic by mapping them to a Virtual Input / Output.
Refer to Chapter 7 – Applications Guide for examples of Logic schemes.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Section 5: Supervision Functions

5.1 Circuit Breaker Failure (50BF)

Two CB Fail elements are provided – one element per winding.
Each circuit breaker fail function has two time delayed outputs that can be used for combinations of re-tripping or
back-tripping. CB Fail outputs are given after elapse of the 50BF-n-1 Delay or 50BF-n-2 Delay settings. The two
timers run concurrently.
The circuit breaker fail protection time delays are initiated either from:
An output Trip Contact of the relay (MENU: OUTPUT CONFIG\BINARY OUTPUT CONFIG\CBn Trip
Contacts), or
A binary or virtual input assigned to 50BF-n Ext Trip (MENU: INPUT CONFIG\INPUT MATRIX\50BF Ext
Trip).
A binary or virtual input assigned to 50BF-n Mech Trip (MENU: INPUT CONFIG\INPUT MATRIX\ 50BF-
n Mech Trip).

CB Fail outputs will be issued providing any of the 3 phase currents are above the 50BF-n Setting or the current
in the fourth CT is above 50BF-n-I4 for longer than the 50BF-n-n Delay setting, or for a mechanical protection trip
the circuit breaker is still closed when the 50BF-n-n Delay setting has expired – indicating that the fault has not
been cleared.
Both 50BF-n-1 and 50BF-n-2 can be mapped to any output contact or LED.
If the 50BF-n CB Faulty input (MENU: INPUT CONFIG\INPUT MATRIX\CB Faulty) is energised when a CB trip
is given the time delays 50BF-n-n Delay will be by-passed and the output given immediately.
Operation of the CB Fail elements can be inhibited from:
Inhibit 50BF-n A binary or virtual input.

Figure 5-1 Logic Diagram: Circuit Breaker Fail Protection (50BF)

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5.2 Trip/Close Circuit Supervision (74TCS/74CCS)

The relay provides six trip and six close circuit supervision elements, all elements are identical in operation and
independent from each other allowing 6 trip and 6 close circuits to be monitored.
One or more binary inputs can be mapped to 74TCS-n/74CCS-n. The inputs are connected into the trip circuit
such that at least one input is energised when the trip circuit wiring is intact. If all mapped inputs become de-
energised, due to a break in the trip circuit wiring or loss of supply an output is given.
The 74TCS-n Delay or 74CCS-n Delay setting prevents failure being incorrectly indicated during circuit breaker
operation. This delay should be greater than the operating time of the circuit breaker.
The use of one or two binary inputs mapped to the same Circuit Supervision element (e.g. 74TCS-n) allows the
user to realise several alternative monitoring schemes – see ‘Applications Guide’.

Figure 5-2 Logic Diagram: Trip Circuit Supervision Feature (74TCS)

&

≥1
NOTE: Diagram shows two binary inputs mapped
to the same Close Circuit Supervision element

Figure 5-3 Logic Diagram: Close Circuit Supervision Feature (74CCS)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

5.3 Inrush Detector (81HBL2)

Inrush detector elements monitor the line currents.
The inrush detector can be used to block the operation of selected elements during transformer magnetising
inrush conditions.
The 81HBL2 Bias setting allows the user to select between Phase, Sum and Cross methods of measurement:
Phase Each phase is inhibited separately.
Sum With this method the square root of the sum of the squares of the second harmonic in each
phase is compared to each operate current individually.
Cross All phases are inhibited when any phase detects an inrush condition.
An output is given where the measured ratio of second harmonic to fundamental current component content is
above the 81HBL2 setting.

Figure 5-4 Logic Diagram: Inrush Detector Feature (81HBL2)

5.4 OverFluxing Detector (81HBL5)

Overfluxing detector elements monitor the line currents.
The over fluxing detector can be used to block the operation of differential protection (87BD/ 87HS) elements.
The 81HBL5 Bias setting allows the user to select between Phase, Sum and Cross methods of measurement:
Phase Each phase is inhibited separately
Sum The inrush current from each phase is summated and compared to each operate current
individually
Cross All phases are inhibited when any phase detects an inrush condition
An output is given where the measured fifth harmonic component content is above the 81HBL5 setting.

81HBL5 Element
>1 81 HBL5
81HBL5 Setting
Disabled 81HBL5 Bias
Enabled c

IL1 > L1 81HBL5

IL2 > L2 81HBL5
IL3 > L3 81HBL5

Figure 5-5 Logic Diagram: Overfluxing Detector Feature (81HBL5)

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

5.5 Demand
Maximum, minimum and mean values of line currents and voltage (where applicable) are available as instruments
which can be read in the relay INSTRUMENTS MENU or via Reydisp.
The DATA STORAGE > DEMAND DATA LOG > Data Log Period setting is used to define the time/duration
after which the instrument is updated. The updated value indicates the maximum, minimum and mean values for
the defined period.
The Gn Demand Window setting defines the maximum period of time over which the demand values are valid. A
new set of demand values is established after expiry of the set time.
The Gn Demand Window Type can be set to FIXED, PEAK or ROLLING.
When set to FIXED the maximum, minimum and mean values demand statistics are calculated over
fixed Window duration. At the end of each window the internal statistics
are reset and a new window is started.
When set to PEAK the maximum and minimum values within the Demand Window time setting is
recorded.
When set to ROLLING the maximum, minimum and mean values demand statistics are calculated over
a moving Window duration. The internal statistics
are updated when the window advances every Updated Period.

The statistics can be reset from a binary input or communication command, after a reset the update period and
window are immediately restarted.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

Section 6: Other Features

6.1 Data Communications

Two communication ports, COM1 and COM2 are provided as standard. RS485 connections are available on the
terminal blocks at the rear of the relay (COM1). A USB port, COM 2, is provided at the front of the relay for local
access using a PC.
Optionally, additional communication ports are available: -
2 x fibre optic with ST connectors (COM3 and COM4) and 1x IRIG-B
1 x RS485 (COM3) and 1x IRIG-B
1 x RS232 (COM3) and 1 x IRIG-B

Communication is compatible with Modbus-RTU, IEC60870-5-103 FT 1.2 and optionally DNP3.0 transmission
and application standards.
Communication with the relay from a personal computer (PC) is facilitated by the REYDISP EVOLUTION
software package. The program allows the transfer of relay settings, waveform records, event records, fault data
records, Instruments/meters and control functions. REYDISP EVOLUTION is compatible with IEC60870-5-103.
Data communications operation is described in detail in Chapter 4 of this manual.

6.2 Maintenance

6.2.1 Output Matrix Test

The feature is available from the Relay fascia and allows the user to operate binary outputs or LEDs assigned to
relay functions.
Any protection function which is enabled in the setting menu will appear in the Output Matrix Test.

6.2.2 CB Counters
Four CB trip counters are provided:
CB1 Total Trip Count: Increments on each trip command issued.
CB1 Delta Trip Count: Additional counter which can be reset independently of the
Total Trip Counter. This can be used, for example, for
recording trip operations between visits to a substation.
CB2 Total Trip Count As CB1
CB2 Delta Trip Count: As CB1

The status of each counter can be viewed in the INSTRUMENTS mode.

Binary outputs can be mapped to each of the above counters, these outputs are energised when the
user defined Count Target is reached.

6.2.3 I2t CB Wear

CB1 and CB2 wear counters are also provided:
2
I t CB1 Wear: Provides an estimate of contact wear and maintenance
requirements. The algorithm works on a per phase basis,
measuring the arcing current during faults. The I2t value at

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

the time of trip is added to the previously stored value and an

alarm is given when any one of the three phase running
counts exceeds the set Alarm limit . The t value is the time
between CB contacts separation when an arc is formed,
Separation Time, and the CB Clearance time.

I2t CB2 Wear: As CB1

The status of each counter can be viewed in the INSTRUMENTS mode.

Binary outputs can be mapped to each of the above counters, these outputs are energised when the
user defined Alarm Limit is reached.

6.3 Data Storage

6.3.1 General
The relay stores three types of data: relay event records, analogue/digital waveform records and fault records.
Waveform records, fault records and event records are backed up in non-volatile memory and are permanently
stored even in the event of loss of auxiliary d.c. supply voltage.

6.3.2 Event Records

The event recorder feature allows the time tagging of any change of state (Event) in the relay. As an event
occurs, the actual event condition is logged as a record along with a time and date stamp to a resolution of 1
millisecond. There is capacity for a maximum of 5000 event records that can be stored in the relay and when the
event buffer is full any new record will over-write the oldest. Stored events can be erased using the DATA
STORAGE>Clear Events setting.
The following events are logged:
Change of state of Binary outputs.
Change of state of Binary inputs.
Change of Settings and Settings Group
Change of state of any of the control functions of the relay.

All events can be uploaded over the data communications channel(s) and can be displayed in the ‘ReyDisp
Evolution’ package in chronological order, allowing the sequence of events to be viewed. Events are also made
available spontaneously to an IEC 60870-5-103 or Modbus RTU compliant control system.
For a complete listing of events available in each model, refer to Technical Manual Chapter 4 ‘Data Comms’.

6.3.3 Waveform Records.

Relay waveform storage can be triggered from:
• User selected relay operations, this requires the relevant OUTPUT CONFIG>B.O.
CONFIG>Trip Contacts setting to be assigned.
• The relay fascia.
• A suitably programmed binary input.
• The data comms channel(s).
Stored analogue and digital waveforms illustrate the system and relay conditions at the time of trigger.

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In total the relay provides 10 seconds of waveform storage, this is user selectable to 1 x 10second, 2 x 5 second,
5 x 2 second or 10 x 1 second records. When the waveform recorder buffer is full any new waveform record will
over-write the oldest. The most recent record is Waveform 1.
As well as defining the stored waveform record duration the user can select the percentage of the waveform
storage prior to triggering.
Waveforms are sampled at a rate of 1600Hz.
Stored waveforms can be erased using the DATA STORAGE>Clear Waveforms setting.

6.3.4 Fault Records

Up to ten fault records can be stored and displayed on the Fascia LCD.
Fault records provide a summary of the relay status at the time of trip, i.e. the element that issued the trip, any
elements that were picked up, the fault type, LED indications, date and time. The Max Fault Rec. Time setting
sets the time period from fault trigger during which the operation of any LEDs is recorded.
To achieve accurate instrumentation values for the fault records when testing, ensure a drop off delay is applied
to the test set so that the injected quantities remain on for a short duration, typically 20ms, after the relay has
issued the trip output. This extended period of injection simulates the behaviour of the power system where
faulted conditions are present until CB operation.
Where examined together the event records and the fault records will detail the full sequence of events leading to
a trip.
Fault records are stored in a rolling buffer, with the oldest faults overwritten. The fault storage can be cleared with
the DATA STORAGE>Clear Faults setting.
The SYSTEM CONFIG > Trip Alert = Disabled setting allows the above to be switched off e.g. during
commissioning tests.

6.3.5 Demand/Data Log

The Data log feature can be used to build trend and demand records.
Up to 10,080 values for each phase current (W1 and W2) and voltage (where fitted) analogue are recorded. Each
recorded value consists of the mean value of the sampled data over the Data Log Period.
Stored Data Log records are retrieved using Reydisp.

6.4 Metering
The metering feature provides real-time data available from the relay fascia in the ‘Instruments Mode’ or via the
data communications interface.
For a detailed description refer to Technical Manual Chapter 2 – Settings and Instruments.

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 7SR242 Duobias Description Of Operation

6.5 Operating Mode

The relay has three operating modes, Local, Remote and Out of Service. The following table identifies the
functions operation in each mode.
The modes can be selected by the following methods:
SYSTEM CONFIG>RELAY MODE setting, a Binary Input or Command

Table 6-1 Operation Mode

OPERATION REMOTE MODE LOCAL MODE SERVICE MODE

Control
Rear Ports Enabled Disabled Disabled
Fascia (Control Mode) Disabled Enabled Disabled
USB Disabled Enabled Disabled
Binary Inputs Setting Option Setting Option Enabled
Binary Outputs Enabled Enabled Disabled
Reporting
Spontaneous
IEC Enabled Enabled Disabled
DNP Enabled Enabled Disabled
General Interrogation
IEC Enabled Enabled Disabled
DNP Enabled Enabled Disabled
MODBUS Enabled Enabled Disabled
Changing of Settings
Rear Ports Enabled Disabled Enabled
Fascia Enabled Enabled Enabled
USB Disabled Enabled Enabled
Historical Information
Waveform Records Enabled Enabled Enabled
Event Records Enabled Enabled Enabled
Fault Information Enabled Enabled Enabled
Setting Information Enabled Enabled Enabled

6.6 Control Mode

This mode provides convenient access to commonly used relay control and test functions. When any of the items
listed in the control menu are selected control is initiated by pressing the ENTER key. The user is prompted to
confirm the action, again by pressing the ENTER key, before the command is executed.
Control Mode commands are password protected using the Control Password function – see Section 6.9.

6.7 Real Time Clock

The relay stores the time and date. The time and date are maintained while the relay is de-energised by a back
up storage capacitor.
The default date is set at 01/01/2000 deliberately to indicate the date has not yet been set. When editing the
Time, only the hours and minutes can be edited. When the user presses ENTER after editing the seconds are
zeroed and the clock begins running.
Time and date can be set either via the relay fascia using appropriate commands in the System Config menu or
via:

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6.7.1 Time Synchronisation – Data Comms

Where the data comms channel(s) is connected to a dedicated substation automation system the relay can be
time synchronised using the relevant command within IEC 60870-5-103 or optional DNP3.0 protocols. The time
can also be synchronised from ‘Reydisp Evolution’ which utilises the communications support software.

6.7.2 Time Synchronisation – Binary Input

A binary input can be mapped Clock Sync from BI. The seconds or minutes will be rounded up or down to the
nearest value when the BI is energised. This input is leading edge triggered.

6.7.3 Time Synchronisation – IRIG-B (Optional)

A BNC connector on the relay rear provides an isolated IRIG-B time synchronisation port. The IRIG-B input
expects a modulated 3-6 Volt signal and provides time synchronisation to the nearest millisecond.

6.8 Settings Groups

The relay provides eight groups of settings – Group number (Gn) 1 to 8. At any one time only one group of
settings can be ‘active’ – SYSTEM CONFIG>Active Group setting.
It is possible to edit one group while the relay operates in accordance with settings from another ‘active’ group
using the View/Edit Group setting.
Some settings are independent of the active group setting i.e. they apply to all settings groups. This is indicated
on the top line of the relay LCD – where only the Active Group No. is identified. Where settings are group
dependent this is indicated on the top line of the LCD by both the Active Group No. and the View Group No.
being displayed.
A change of settings group can be achieved either locally at the relay fascia, remotely over the data comms
channel(s) or via a binary input. When using a binary input an alternative settings group is selected only whilst the
input is energised (Select Grp Mode: Level triggered) or latches into the selected group after energisation of the
input (Select Grp Mode: Edge triggered).

6.9 Password Feature

The relay incorporates two levels of password protection – one for settings, the other for control functions.
The programmable password feature enables the user to enter a 4 character alpha numeric code to secure
access to the relay functions. The relay is supplied with the passwords set to NONE, i.e. the password feature is
disabled. The password must be entered twice as a security measure against accidental changes. Once a
password has been entered then it will be required thereafter to change settings or initiate control commands.
Passwords can be de-activated by using the password to gain access and by entering the password NONE.
Again this must be entered twice to de-activate the security system.
As soon as the user attempts to change a setting or initiate control the password is requested before any changes
are allowed. Once the password has been validated, the user is ‘logged on’ and any further changes can be
made without re-entering the password. If no more changes are made within 1 hour then the user will
automatically be ‘logged off’, re-enabling the password feature.
The Settings Password prevents unauthorised changes to settings from the front fascia or over the data comms
channel(s). The Control Password prevents unauthorised operation of controls in the relay Control Menu from the
front fascia.
The password validation screen also displays a numerical code. If the password is lost or forgotten, this code
should be communicated to Siemens Protection Devices Ltd. and the password can be retrieved.

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