6thSem BCA

Paper: BCACsP6.8: COMPUTER GRAPHICS LAB

PRACTICAL

3Hrs /Week 50 Marks

1. Write a program to draw a straight line using DDA technique.

2. Write a program to draw a straight line using Bresenham’s technique.

3. Write a program to draw a circle using DDA technique.

4. Write a program to draw a Circle using Bresenham’s technique.

5. Write a program to draw a triangle to perform translation

6. Write a program to draw a triangle to perform scaling

7. Write a program to draw a triangle to perform Rotation

8. Write a program to draw pie chart

9. Write a program to draw Histogram

10. Write a program to clip a triangle against a given window.

11. Write a program to animate a man walking with an umbrella.

12. Write a program to rotate an object from one end of the screen to the

other end using the built-in line and circle functions.

# include<iostream.h>
# include<conio.h>
# include<graphics.h>
# include<math.h>
void DDALINE(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT, gm;
int x1,y1,x2,y2;
clrscr();
cout <<endl<<"Enter first point ";
cin >> x1>>y1;
cout<<endl<<"Enter second point ";
cin>>x2>>y2;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\turboc3\\bgi");
cleardevice();
DDALINE(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
closegraph();
}
void DDALINE(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
int dx,dy,x,y,i,step;
float xinc,yinc;
dx = abs(x2-x1);
dy = abs(y2-y1);
if (dx > dy)
step = dx;
else
step = dy;
xinc = dx / step;
yinc = dy / step;
 x = x1;
y = y1;
putpixel(x,y,RED);
for (i=1; i<step; i++)
{
x = x + xinc;
y = y + yinc;
putpixel(ceil(x), ceil(y), BLUE);
}
putpixel(x2,y2,RED);
}

2. Write a program to draw a straight line using Bresenham’s technique.

# include<iostream.h>
# include<conio.h>
# include<graphics.h>
# include<math.h>
void BLINE(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT, gm;
int x1,y1,x2,y2;
clrscr();
cout <<endl<<"Enter first point ";
cin >> x1>>y1;
cout<<endl<<"Enter second point ";
cin>>x2>>y2;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
cleardevice();
BLINE(x1,y1,x2,y2);
getch();
closegraph();
}
void BLINE(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
int dx,dy,x,y,xend,p;
dx = abs(x2-x1);
dy = abs(y2-y1);
if (x1<x2)
{
x = x1;
y = y1;
xend = x2;
}
else
{
x = x2;
y = y2;
xend = x1;
}
putpixel(x,y,RED);
p = 2 *(dx-dy);
while(x <= xend)
{
x++;
if (p < 0)
p = p + 2 * dx;
else
{
y++;
p = p + 2 *(dx-dy);
}
putpixel(x,y,BLUE);
}
putpixel(x2,y2,RED);
}
 3. Write a program to draw a Circle using Bresenham’s technique.

# include <iostream.h>
# include <conio.h>
# include <graphics.h>
# include <math.h>
void plotpoints(int xc,int yc, int x, int y);
void BCircle(int,int,int);
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT, gm;
int xc,yc,r;
clrscr();
cout <<endl<<"Enter centre of the circle : ";
cin>>xc>>yc;
cout<<endl<<"Enter radius of the circle : ";
cin>>r;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"d:\\tcc\bgi");
cleardevice();
BCircle(xc,yc,r);
getch();
closegraph();
}
void BCircle(int xc,int yc,int r)
{
int p, x,y;
x = 0;
y = r;
p = 1-r;
plotpoints(xc,yc,x,y);
while(x <= y)
{
if(p<0)
p = p + 2 * x + 1;
 else
{
y--;
p = p + 2*(x-y) + 1;
}
x++;
plotpoints(xc,yc,x,y);
}
}
void plotpoints(int xc,int yc, int x, int y)
{
putpixel(xc+x , yc+y , 1);
putpixel(xc+x , yc-y , 2);
putpixel(xc-x , yc+y , 3);
putpixel(xc-x , yc-y , 4);
putpixel(xc+y , yc+x , 5);
putpixel(xc+y , yc-x , 6);
putpixel(xc-y , yc+x , 7);
putpixel(xc-y , yc-x , 8);
}
4. Write a program to draw a circle using DDA technique.

# include <iostream.h>
# include <conio.h>
# include <graphics.h>
# include <math.h>
void DDACircle(int,int,int);
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT, gm;
int xc,yc,r;
clrscr();
cout <<endl<<"Enter centre of the circle : ";
cin>>xc>>yc;
 cout<<endl<<"Enter radius of the circle : ";
cin>>r;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"d:\\tcc\bgi");
cleardevice();
DDACircle(xc,yc,r);
getch();
closegraph();
}
void DDACircle(int xc,int yc,int r)
{
int t, x,y;
for(t=0;t<=360; t++)
{
x = xc + r * cos(t);
y = yc + r * sin(t);
putpixel(x,y,RED);
}
}
5. Write a program to draw pie chart

# include <iostream.h>
# include <conio.h>
# include <graphics.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
void piechart(int data[]);
void main()
{
int gd= DETECT, gm;
int i, data[4];
clrscr();
for(i =0; i<4; i++)
{
cout <<"Enter number of votes ";
cin >>data[i];
 }
initgraph(&gd,&gm, "c:\\tcc\bgi");
cleardevice();
piechart(data);
getch();
closegraph();
}
void piechart(int data[])
{
int xc,yc,r, i, stangle, endangle;
float total=0,x,y;
cout <<"Enter radius of the pie chart ";
cin >>r;
xc = getmaxx()/2.0;
yc = getmaxy()/2.0;
for( i=0; i<4; i++)
total = total + data[i];
stangle = 0;
int l = 0;
char st[20];
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
itoa(data[i],st,10);
outtextxy(l,50,st);
l=l+50;
endangle = 360.0 * data[i] / total + stangle;
if (i == 3)
endangle = 360;
setfillstyle(i+5, CYAN);
pieslice(xc,yc,stangle, endangle, r);
stangle = endangle;
getch();
}
}
 6. Write a program to draw a triangle to perform translation

#include<conio.h>
#include<iostream.h>
#include<Graphics.h>
void main(){
int gd = DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TC\\BGI");
int x1[3]={300,300,200};
int y1[3]={100,100,200};
int x2[3]={200,400,400};
int y2[3]={200,200,200};
int i;
for (i=0; i<3; i++)
line(x1[i],y1[i],x2[i],y2[i]);
int tx1[3], ty1[3], tx2[3], ty2[3];
int vx,vy;
cout<< "Enter Translation Vector: ";
cin>>vx>>vy;
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
       tx1[i] = x1[i] + vx;
       ty1[i] = y1[i] + vy;
       tx2[i] = x2[i] + vx;
       ty2[i] = y2[i] + vy;
}
setcolor(14);
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
line(tx1[i], ty1[i], tx2[i], ty2[i]);
getch();
closegraph();
}
 7. Write a program to draw a triangle to perform scaling

int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,mx,my;
void draw();
void scale();
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int c;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,” “);
printf(“Enter the 1st point for the triangle:”);
scanf(“%d%d”,&x1,&y1);
printf(“Enter the 2nd point for the triangle:”);
scanf(“%d%d”,&x2,&y2);
printf(“Enter the 3rd point for the triangle:”);
scanf(“%d%d”,&x3,&y3);
draw();
scale();
}
void draw()
{
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x2,y2,x3,y3);
line(x3,y3,x1,y1);
}
void scale()
{
int x,y,a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,b3;
int mx,my;
printf(“Enter the scalling coordinates”);
scanf(“%d%d”,&x,&y);
mx=(x1+x2+x3)/3;
my=(y1+y2+y3)/3;
cleardevice();
a1=mx+(x1-mx)*x;
b1=my+(y1-my)*y;
a2=mx+(x2-mx)*x;
b2=my+(y2-my)*y;
a3=mx+(x3-mx)*x;
b3=my+(y3-my)*y;
line(a1,b1,a2,b2);
line(a2,b2,a3,b3);
line(a3,b3,a1,b1);
draw();
getch();
}

8. Write a program to draw a triangle to perform scaling

#include<stdio.h>  
#include<graphics.h>  
#include<math.h>  
int main()  
{  
  intgd=0,gm,x1,y1,x2,y2;  
double s,c, angle;  
 initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TC\\BGI");  
setcolor(RED);  
printf("Enter coordinates of line: ");  
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);  
cleardevice();  
setbkcolor(WHITE);  
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);  
getch();  
setbkcolor(BLACK);  
 printf("Enter rotation angle: ");      
scanf("%lf", &angle);  
setbkcolor(WHITE);  
 c = cos(angle *3.14/180);  
 s = sin(angle *3.14/180);  
 x1 = floor(x1 * c + y1 * s);  
 y1 = floor(-x1 * s + y1 * c);  
 x2 = floor(x2 * c + y2 * s);  
  y2 = floor(-x2 * s + y2 * c);  
cleardevice();  
line(x1, y1 ,x2, y2);  
 getch();  
closegraph();  
return 0;  
}  
9. Write a program to animate a man walking with an umbrella.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<dos.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int rhx,rhy,j,i;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,”D:\\TC\\BGI”);
for(i=0;i<500;i+=5)
{
line(20,380,580,380); //platform
if(i%2==0)
{
line(25+i,380,35+i,340); //leftleg
line(45+i,380,35+i,340);//right leg
line(35+i,310,25+i,330);//left hand
delay(20);
}
else
{
line(35+i,380,35+i,340);
line(35+i,310,40+i,330);
delay(20);
}
line(35+i,340,35+i,310); //body
circle(35+i,300,10); //head
line(35+i,310,50+i,330); // hand
line(50+i,330,50+i,280); //umbrella stick
line(15+i,280,85+i,280); //umbrella right
arc(50+i,280,0,180,35); //umbrella body
arc(55+i,330,180,360,5);//umbrella handle
rhx=getmaxx();
rhy=getmaxy();
for(j=0;j<100;j++)
{
outtextxy(random(rhx),random(rhy-50),”|”);
setcolor(WHITE);
}
delay(150);
cleardevice();
}
getch();
}