Mathematics

Quarter 4 – Module 1
Illustrating Theorems on
Triangle Inequalities

CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 1 Illustrating Theorems on Triangle Inequalities
First Edition, 2020

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 What I Know

Pre- Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which theorem states that if one side of a triangle is longer than a second
side, then the angle opposite the first side is larger than the angle opposite
the second side?
A. Triangle Inequality Theorem
B. Angle-Side Relationship Theorem
C. Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem
D. Hinge Theorem or SAS Inequality Theorem

2. In Triangle Inequality Theorem, which of the following describes the

relationship of the sum of its two sides to its third length?
A. greater than
B. greater than or equal to
C. less than
D. less than or equal to

3. Which of the following theorems on triangle inequalities states that the

measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is greater than the measure of
either remote interior angle?
A. Triangle Inequality Theorem
B. Angle-Side Relationship Theorem
C. Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem
D. Hinge Theorem or SAS Inequality Theorem

4. Which of the following theorems deals with the two triangles whose two
corresponding sides are congruent and whose included angle are unequal?
A. SAS Inequality Theorem
B. SSS Inequality Theorem
C. Angle-Side Relationship Theorem
D. Exterior Nagle Inequality Theorem

5. Which of the following could NOT be used as the length of the sides of
a triangle?
A. 3, 3, 3 C. 5, 7, 9
B. 4, 5, 10 D. 10, 20, 20

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A. Any lengths of the sides can be used to form a triangle.
B. The largest angle of a triangle is opposite to the longest side.
C. The smallest side of a triangle is opposite to the smallest angle.
D. The sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side.

7. If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of another triangle, but
the third side of the first triangle is longer than the third side of the second,
then the included angle of the first triangle is larger than the included angle
of the second. Which of the following theorems pertains to two triangles
whose two corresponding sides are congruent and whose third sides are
unequal?
A. Triangle Inequality Theorem
B. Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem
C. Hinge Theorem or SAS Inequality Theorem
D. Converse of Hinge Theorem or SSS Inequality Theorem

In items 8 to 10, refer to the figure at the right.

W
8. Which side of ∆TWO is the longest?
̅̅̅̅̅
A. 𝑊𝑇 91°
̅̅̅̅̅
B. 𝑂𝑊
C. ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑇
42°
D. Cannot be determined O
T

9. Which side is the shortest?

A. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑊𝑇 C. ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑇
B. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑊 D. Cannot be determined

10. What theorem of triangle inequalities is applied?

A. SSS Inequality Theorem
B. Triangle Inequality Theorem
C. Angle-Side Relationship Theorem
D. Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem

̅̅̅̅ = 14 cm, 𝐸𝑇
11. In ∆ 𝑁𝐸𝑇, 𝑁𝐸 ̅̅̅̅ = 15 cm, 𝑁𝑇
̅̅̅̅ = 16 cm. What is the correct order of
the angles when arranged from least to greatest?
A. ∠E, ∠N, ∠T C. ∠T, ∠E, ∠N
B. ∠E, ∠T, ∠N D. ∠T, ∠N, ∠E

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
12. Given the figure at the right, which of the following angles is an exterior
angle of ∆ DER?
D
A. ∠3
B. ∠4 1
C. ∠5
2
D. ∠6 R
5
3
E 4 6
A

13. Which of the following statement about the given figure is true?
A. ∠KIN = ∠DNI
I
B. ∠KIN > ∠IND
C. ∠DNI > ∠KIN
D. ∠IKN > ∠IND

D
N
K

14. In ∆ FRY, which of the following shows the correct arrangement of its sides
in descending order?
A. ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝑌, ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝑅 , ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝑌
R
B. 𝐹𝑅 , 𝑅𝑌, ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ 𝐹𝑌
̅̅̅̅, 𝑅𝑌
C. 𝐹𝑌 ̅̅̅̅, 𝐹𝑅
̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅, 𝐹𝑅
D. 𝑅𝑌 ̅̅̅̅ , 𝐹𝑌
̅̅̅̅ 88°

54° 38°
F Y

15. Ruel, Geralyn, Reymond and Shiela were given a 24-inch piece of stick each.
They were instructed to create a triangle. Each cut the stick in their own
chosen lengths as follows: Ruel—8 in, 8 in, 8 in; Geralyn—5 in, 7 in, 12 in;
Reymond—9 in, 7 in, 8 in; and Shiela—6 in, 8 in, 10 in. Who among them
could NOT be able to form a triangle?
A. Ruel C. Shiela
B. Geralyn D. Reymond

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Lesson
Illustrate Theorems on
1 Triangle Inequalities
Have you ever thought how the engineers and architects make use of
triangular concept in designing a house? What mathematical concept may justify
the triangular designs that they use? The answers to these questions are revealed
in this module.

What’s In

Investigate Me!

Directions: Use the figure below to answer the questions that follow. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the included side in ∠B and

∠C? in ∠E and ∠F?
2. What is the included angle in ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 and
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐶 ? in 𝐷𝐹 and 𝐸𝐹?
3. What is the sum of the interior
angles of ∆ABC? ∆DEF?
4. If ∠B ≅ ∠E, and ∠C ≅ ∠F, what
additional information is required to
tell that the triangles are congruent
using SAS Congruence?
5. If 𝐴𝐶̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐷𝐹
̅̅̅̅ and ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ , what
𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝐸𝐹
additional information is required to
tell that the triangles are congruent
using SSS Congruence?

Questions:
1. Did you find any difficulty in the conduct of the activity?
2. What did you do to overcome this difficulty?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
 What’s New

The activity Investigate Me is a recall of your understanding on the different

angles and sides of triangles. In the next activity you will be using some measuring
tools, pen and paper to further understand the concept behind the previous
activity.

Measuring Angles and Sides

Materials needed: protractor, ruler, paper and pencil/pen

Directions: Using measuring tools, construct an angle based on the given
measurements of the angle and the length of the sides. Lastly connect
the end point of each side to form a triangle and find its measurement.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. An illustration is
provided to guide you in how to do the measurement.

Angle
Side 1
1. Given that Side 1 is 3 inches and Side 2 is 2 inches. Find the length between the
end points of the side when the angle measures:

Angle: 30° 45° 90° 120° 150°

Length between
the end points

2. Given that both sides of the angle measures 2 inches. Find the length between
the end points of the side when the angle measures:

Angle: 30° 45° 90° 120° 150°

Length between
the end points
Questions:
1. What can you say about the length of the side connecting the endpoints?
What pattern were you able to establish?
2. What can you say about the relationship of the measurement of the angle
and the length of the opposite side?
3. Is there a relationship between the length of a side of a triangle and the
measure of the angle opposite it? If your answer is YES, indicate its
relationship.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Extending the triangle

Materials needed: protractor, ruler, paper and pencil/pen

Directions: Using measuring tools extend side 1 of the triangles formed in the
activity Measuring Angles and Sides as illustrated below. Supply the
measurements of the angle 2 and angle 3 in each table. Write your
answer on a separate sheet

Angle 2

Angle 3
Angle 1
Side 1
1. Given that Side 1 is 2 inches and Side 2 is 3 inches. Find measurement of angles
2 and 3 when the measurement of angle 1 is:

Angle 1: 30° 45° 90° 120° 180°

Angle 2:
Angle 3:

2. Given that both sides of the angle measures 2 inches. Find measurement of
angles 2 and 3 when the measurement of angle 1 is:

Angle 1: 30° 45° 90° 120° 180°

Angle 2:
Angle 3:

Questions:
1. Is there a relationship between the measurement of angle 1 and angle 2?
How about between angle 1 and angle 3? Is the relationship also true
between angle 2 and angle 3?
2. What generalization can you draw from the measurement of angle 3 to the
measurement of angle 1 and measurement of angle 2?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
 What is It

There are various theorems on triangle inequalities. These theorems can be

illustrated in one triangle and in two triangles. The most commonly used theorems
in one triangle are Angle-Side Relationship Theorem, Triangle Inequality Theorem,
and Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem. On the other hand, the Hinge Theorem
(SAS Inequality Theorem) and the Converse of Hinge Theorem (SSS Inequality
Theorem) illustrate the inequalities in two triangles. To fully understand these
theorems, read and understand the figures and illustrations below.

Inequalities in One Triangle

In your activity in Measuring Angles and Sides you found out that there is
a relationship between the measure of the angle and the length of the side of a
triangle. This theorem is referred to as Angle-Side Relationship Theorem which
states that: In a triangle, the side opposite the larger angle is the longer side and
vice versa. To know more about this theorem, examine the following examples:

Example 1: Compare the length of the sides of the following triangle.

U

105°

50°
F N
Solution:

Step 1: Find the measure of the third angle. The sum of all the angles in any
triangle
is 180º.

∠𝐹 + ∠𝑈 + ∠𝑁 = 180° Sum of interior angles of a

triangle
50° + 105° + ∠𝑁 = 180° By substitution
∠𝑁 + 155° = 180° Adding 50° and 105°
∠𝑁 + 155° + (−155°) = 180° + (−155°) Addition property of equality
∠𝑁 + 0 = 180° − 155° Identity property of addition
∠𝑁 = 25° By simplifying

Step 2: Look at the relative sizes of the angles and compare.

∠𝑁 < ∠𝐹 < ∠𝑈

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Step 3: Following the angle-side relationship we can order the sides accordingly.
Remember it is the side opposite the angle.

̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ < ̅̅̅̅

𝐹𝑈 < 𝑈𝑁 𝐹𝑁 Thus, ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝑁 is the longest side since it is the
̅̅̅̅ is
opposite side of the largest angle, ∠U, while 𝐹𝑈
the shortest side whose opposite angle, ∠N
measures 25°.

Example 2: Compare the measure of the angles of the following triangle.

A

5 3

D Y
6
Solution:
Step 1: Since the length of the sides were given, we can easily compare the lengths
from shortest to longest.

̅̅̅̅ < 𝐷𝐴
𝐴𝑌 ̅̅̅̅ < 𝐷𝑌
̅̅̅̅

Step 2: Following the angle-side relationship we can order the angles opposite to
these sides accordingly.

∠𝐷 < ∠𝑌 < ∠𝐴
Therefore, ∠𝐴 is the largest angle whose is opposite to side DY whose side is
6 units. It follows with the other angles. Example 1 and Example 2 illustrate the
angle-side relationship theorem.

Angle-Side Relationship Theorem

If two angles of a triangle are not congruent, then the larger side is
opposite the larger angle.
If two sides of a triangle are not congruent, then the larger angle is
opposite the larger side.

How can we form triangles?

Not any three lengths can form the sides of a triangle. Let a, b, and c be the
lengths of the sides of a triangle. A triangle can only be formed under the following
conditions:
a+ b> c
a+ c> b

b+ c> a

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Example 3: In ∆ FIT, find the range of the possible lengths of ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝑇 .

I
5 8

F
? T
(Note: The figure is not drawn to scale.)

Solution: Let a = 5 and b = 8

Step 1: Using the triangle inequality theorem for the above triangle gives us three
statements:

a+ b> c ⟹ 5+ 8> c ⟹ c < 13

a+ c> b ⟹ 5+ c> 8 ⟹ c>3

b+ c> a ⟹ 8+ c> 5 ⟹ c > -3 (disregard because lengths

must be positive)
Step 2: Combining the two valid statements:

3 < c < 13 (The length of ̅̅̅̅

𝐹𝑇 is greater than 3 and less than 13)

Triangle Inequality Theorem

The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than
the length of the remaining side.
Let a, b, and c be the lengths of a triangle. These lengths may only form a
triangle if the three conditions are satisfied:

𝑎 + 𝑏 > 𝑐;
𝑎 + 𝑐 > 𝑏;
𝑐 + 𝑏 > 𝑎.

Let b an unknown side of a triangle. To find the range of possible

measure of side b, the inequality below may be used:

(a- c) < b < (a + c)

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Example 4: Which length/s can form a triangle?
A.) 3, 4, 6 B.) 5, 6, 11 C.) 2, 3, 9

Solution: Check the lengths given if it will form a triangle using Triangle Inequality
Theorem.
Given lengths 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 4, 𝑐 = 6 𝑎 = 5, 𝑏 = 6, 𝑐 = 11 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 3, 𝑐 = 9
𝑎+𝑏>𝑐 3+4>6 True 5 + 6 > 11 False 2+3 > 9 False
𝑎+𝑐 >𝑏 3+6>4 True 5 + 11 > 6 True 2+9 > 3 True
𝑏+𝑐 >𝑎 4+6>3 True 6 + 11 > 5 True 3+9 > 2 True
Decision Triangle Not a Triangle Not a Triangle

Based on the Triangle Inequality Theorem, only option A satisfies the condition that
will form a triangle.
Alternative Solution: Using a broomstick or a barbecue stick, cut them to each
desired length and try to form them into triangles.

As we form them, these are the figures formed:

A.) 3, 4, 6 B.) 5, 6, 11 C.) 2, 3, 9

Based on the
figures, only option A formed a triangle. Option B formed a straight line instead of a
triangle and option C is short of sides that it cannot form a triangle. If we compare
the sum of the two sides of options A, B, and C, only option A satisfied the
conditions of Triangle Inequality Theorem.

Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem

The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is greater than the

measure of either remote interior angle.

O
Remote Interior
Angles
Exterior Angle

L E
V

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Example 5: In the figure above, if m∠L= 45° and m∠O= 105°, then by Exterior
Angle
Inequality Theorem:
𝑚∠𝑂𝑉𝐸 > 𝑚∠𝐿 or 𝑚∠𝑂𝑉𝐸 > 𝑚∠𝑂

𝑚∠𝑂𝑉𝐸 > 45° or 𝑚∠𝑂𝑉𝐸 > 105°

Inequalities in Two Triangle

The previous theorems deal with inequalities in one triangle, this time, we
will be dealing with inequalities in two triangles.

Example 6: Compare the lengths of the third side of ∆ BLU and ∆ RED.

L E

100° 91°

R
B U
D
(Note: The figure is not drawn to scale.)

Given: ̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑅𝐸
𝐵𝐿 ̅̅̅̅ Solution: ∠L > ∠E
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐸𝐷
𝐿𝑈 ̅̅̅̅ 100° > 91° Based on the angle-side
theorem, the opposite side of
̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑈 ? ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐷 ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑈 > ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐷 the greater angle is longer side.

From this example, the corresponding two sides of two triangles are congruent but
the measure of their included angles differ, it follows that the opposite side of the
̅̅̅̅ is greater than
greater angle is longer. Thus, the opposite side of ∠L which is 𝐵𝑈
̅̅̅̅
the opposite side of ∠E which is 𝑅𝐷. This theorem is what we called the Hinge
Theorem or the SAS Inequality Theorem.

Hinge Theorem or SAS Inequality

Theorem
If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of another
triangle, but the included angle of the first triangle is greater than the
included angle of the second, then the third side of the first triangle is longer
than the third side of the second.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Are you familiar with hinge devices?

Hinge devices are used to fasten or join two things

together and allow adjustment, rotation, twisting or
pivoting. The picture in the left is called hinge which is
attached to our doors at home. It is responsible for the
opening and closing of our doors. Scissors, compass and
folding ladder are just some of the examples of hinge
devices.
Example 7: Which of the following pictures show a wide opening of the scissors?

A B
Answer: Obviously, the answer is Picture B since its angle is greater than that of
Picture A. Although, a pair of scissors has the same length, its opening (dashed
line) depends on the angle of adjustment of the user.

Conversely, we can also tell which included angle is greater based on the length of
the third side given that corresponding two sides of two triangles are congruent.
This theorem is the converse of Hinge Theorem or the SSS Inequality Theorem.

Converse of Hinge Theorem or SSS Inequality Theorem

If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of another

triangle, but the third side of the first triangle is longer than the third side of
the second, then the included angle of the first triangle is larger than the
included angle of the second.

Example 8: Given that ∆SAY and ∆TEL have two congruent sides as shown in the
figure, which angle is greater, ∠A or ∠E?

E
A

T
S Y L

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Answer:
In the figure, we can observe that ̅̅
SA̅̅ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
TE and ̅̅̅̅
AY ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐿. It is also given that
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑆𝑌 is longer than 𝑇𝐿 . With these, the Converse of Hinge Theorem or SSS Inequality
Theorem tells us that ∠A is greater than ∠E.

In summary, the following are theorems in triangle inequalities.

INEQUALITIES THEOREM IF-THEN STATEMENT

If two angles of a triangle are not
congruent, then the larger side is opposite
the larger angle.
Angle-Side
Relationship
If two sides of a triangle are not congruent,
then the larger angle is opposite the larger
Inequalities in side.
One Triangle The sum of the lengths of any two sides of
Triangle
Inequality a triangle is greater than the length of the
Theorem third side.
Exterior Angle The measure of an exterior angle of a
Inequality triangle is greater than the measure of its
Theorem either remote interior angle.
If two sides of one triangle are congruent
to two sides of another triangle, but the
Hinge Theorem or
included angle of the first triangle is
SAS Inequality
greater than the included angle of the
Theorem
second, then the third side of the first
triangle is longer than the third side of the
Inequalities in
second.
Two Triangles
If two sides of one triangle are congruent
Converse of
to two sides of another triangle, but the
Hinge Theorem or
third side of the first triangle is longer
SSS Inequality
than the third side of the second, then the
Theorem
included angle of the first triangle is larger
than the included angle of the second.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
 What’s More

Activity 1: Identify Me
Directions: Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Answer what is asked
in the given problem.

1.
B a. What is the longest side in a ∆ABC?
70° How about the shortest side?
45°
b. What theorem did you apply in
65°
A C determining the longest and shortest
side?

2.
S a. What is the smallest angle of ∆SAY? How
12 about the largest angle?
11
b. What theorem did you apply in
A Y
13 determining the smallest and largest
angle?

3. a. What is the measurement of ∠LOV?

E
b. Using the relation symbols >, <, or =
E
123°
Oe , complete the statements below:
V 30°
m∠LOV ___ m∠E and m∠LOV____ m∠V.
L c. What theorem did you use to justify
the statements above?

4.
Z C a. Using the relation symbols >, <, or = ,
X A complete the statement below:
Y
m∠Z___ m∠C
B b. What theorem did you use to justify the
statement above?
5.
W S a. Using the relation symbols >, <, or = ,
complete the statement below:
N
A
E ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑁𝑊 ___ ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝑆
O O b. What theorem did you use to justify the
statement above?

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
Activity 2: Am I a Triangle?

Directions: Which of the following could be the lengths of the sides of a triangle?
Put a triangle ( ) if it forms a triangle and (X) if it does not form a
triangle.

_______1. 1, 2, 3 ________4. 4, 8, 11
_______2. 17, 16, 9 ________5. 5, 13, 6

_______3. 9, 11, 18

Activity 3: Make It True

Directions: Modified True or False. Write True if the statement is correct, but if it’s
False, change the underlined words to make it right.
__________1. The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is less than the
measure of either remote interior angle.

__________2. If one side of a triangle is longer than a second, then the angle
opposite the first side is larger than the angle opposite the second
side.
__________3. The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater than
the length of the third side.
__________4. If one angle of a triangle is larger than a second angle, then the side
adjacent the first angle is longer than the side adjacent the second
angle.

__________5. If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of another
triangle, but the included angle of the first triangle is greater than
the included angle of the second, then the third side of the first
triangle is longer than the third side of the second.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
 What I Have Learned

Fill in the blanks!

Directions: Complete the paragraph below by filling in the blanks with correct
word/s or figure/s which you can choose from the box below. Each
word or figure may be used repeatedly. Write your answer on a separate
sheet.

longer than included greater than Hinge Theorem

angle

Triangle Angle-Side Exterior Angle SSS Inequality

Inequality Relationship Inequality Theorem
Theorem

remote interior opposite inequalities remote exterior

angle angle

There are two types of theorems of inequalities in triangles. One is the

Inequalities in One Triangle. One theorem under the inequalities in one triangle is
the ________________ in which if two angles of a triangle are not congruent, then the
larger side is __________ to the larger angle. The second one is the
____________________ which states that the sum of the lengths of any two sides of a
triangle is ____________ the length of the third side. The third one is the
_____________________ Theorem which states that the measure of an exterior angle
of a triangle is greater than the measure of its ____________________.

On the other hand, there are also theorems of the inequalities in Two
Triangles. One of its theorem is the _______________ or SAS Inequality Theorem in
which if the two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of another triangle,
but the included angle of the first triangle is greater than the included angle in the
second, then the third side of the first triangle is _____________ the third side of the
second. The other theorem is the Converse if Hinge Theorem or
______________________ which states that if two sides of one triangle are congruent
to two sides of another triangle, but the third side of the first triangle is longer than
the third side of the second, then the _____________ of the first triangle is larger
than the included angle of the second.

17
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
 What I Can Do

Activity 1
Directions: Read the problem below and answer the questions that follow.
In the map below, the locations form a triangle. Dina, a student, is at home while
Alvin, her classmate is at school. In this situation, answer the questions that
follow.

School N

80°

60° 40° 140°

Home Church Market

Questions:
1. Who is farther from Church given their locations, Dina or Alvin? What
triangle inequality theorem is applied in this situation?
2. Dina requested Alvin to pick her up in going to Church. Will Alvin be able to
travel the shortest path to go to Church given Dina’s request? What triangle
inequality theorem is applied in this situation?
3. Given the same time started and same rate of walking, who among the two
can arrive at the Market first?
4. If a new road will be constructed connecting the School and the Market, is
the constructed road longer than the road between Home and Church? What
triangle inequality theorem is applied in this situation?

Activity 2
Directions: Hinges are used to fasten two things together and allow adjustment,
rotation, twisting, or pivoting. Your task is to identify and list down
hinge devices you know and determine its function and its relation to
Hinge Theorem. You can list hinge devices as many as you can but not
less than 3. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. For your
guidance, you may use the template on the next page.

18
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
 Hinge
Function Relationship to Hinge Theorem
Devices

For rating your output, please refer to the rubric provided.

4 3 2 1
The The The The
discussion of discussion of discussion of discussion of
the function of the function of the function of the function of
hinge devices hinge devices hinge devices hinge devices
listed is listed is listed is listed is not
correct, clear, correct, clear, correct, clear, clear and did
Content and realistic and realistic and realistic not indicate
and the and the but did not the
relationship to relationship to indicate the relationship to
Hinge Hinge relationship to Hinge
Theorem is Theorem is Hinge Theorem.
properly not properly Theorem.
illustrated. illustrated.

Listed more Listed only 3 Listed only 2 Listed only 1

than 3 hinge hinge devices hinge devices hinge devices
devices with with complete with complete with complete
complete function and function and function and
Quantity function and discussion to discussion to discussion to
discussion to its relation to its relation to its relation to
its relation to Hinge Hinge Hinge
Hinge Theorem. Theorem. Theorem.
Theorem.

19
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
 Assessment

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following statements is true based on Angle-Side Relationship
Theorem?
A. The largest side of a triangle is opposite with the smallest angle.
B. The largest side of a triangle is adjacent with the smallest angle.
C. The smallest side of a triangle is opposite with the smallest angle.
D. The smallest side of a triangle is adjacent with the smallest angle.

2. The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is always _________.
A. half of the length of the third side
B. equal to the length of the third side
C. less than the length of the third side
D. greater than the length of the third side

3. The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is always _________.

A. equal to its adjacent interior angle
B. less than its adjacent interior angle
C. less than either remote interior angle
D. greater than either remote interior angle

4. If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of another triangle, but
the included angle of the first triangle is greater than the included angle of
the second, then the third side of the first triangle is ________________.
A. equal to the third side of the second triangle.
B. less than the third side of the second triangle.
C. longer than the third side of the second triangle.
D. greater than or equal to the third side of the second triangle.

5. Which of the following inequalities theorem is applicable in two triangles?

A. Angle-Side Relationship
B. SSS Inequality Theorem
C. Triangle Inequality Theorem
D. Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem

20
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
In items 6 to 8, refer to the figure at the right.
6. Which side of ∆ SET is the longest?
A. ̅̅̅̅
𝑆𝐸
B. ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝑇 E
C. ̅̅̅̅
𝑆𝑇
D. Cannot be determined 93°

7. Which side is the shortest? T

̅̅̅̅
A. 𝑆𝐸 40°
̅̅̅̅
B. 𝐸𝑇
̅̅ ̅̅ S
C. 𝑆𝑇
D. Cannot be determined

8. What theorem is applied?

A. Angle-Side Relationship
B. SSS Inequality Theorem
C. Triangle Inequality Theorem
D. Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem

9. Which of the following angles is an exterior angle of ∆ EAR?

D
A. ∠1
1
B. ∠2
C. ∠3
2 R
D. ∠4
5
3
4 6
E A

10. Which of the following could NOT be used as the length of the sides of a
triangle?
A. 4, 4, 4 C. 8, 14, 10
B. 11, 12, 13 D. 6, 5, 12

11. List the sides of ∆TRI in order from longest to shortest measure.
A. ̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ , 𝑅𝐼
𝐹𝐼 , 𝐹𝑅 ̅̅̅
R
̅̅̅ ̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
B. 𝐹𝐼 , 𝑅𝐼 , 𝐹𝑅
C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐹𝑅 , ̅̅̅
𝑅𝐼 , ̅̅̅
𝐹𝐼
73°
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅
D. 𝐹𝑅 , 𝐹𝐼 , 𝑅𝐼̅̅̅

68°
F I

21
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
12. In the figure below, which of the following statements is true?
A. ∠KIT = ∠ETI
I
B. ∠KIT > ∠ITE
C. ∠ETI > ∠KIT
D. ∠IKT > ∠ITE

E
K
T
13. Hinges are used to fasten two things together and allow adjustment,
rotation, twisting, or pivoting. Which of the following is NOT a hinged device?
A. scissor C. screw
B. folding ladder D. compass

14. Jason found out that two sides of two triangles are congruent. As he
measures the included angle between these sides, he found out that the
measure of the side opposite to the included angle of the first triangle is
longer than the measure of the side to the included angle of the second
triangle. What theorem did Jason use?
A. Triangle Inequality Theorem
B. Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem
C. Hinge Theorem or SAS Inequality Theorem
D. Converse of Hinge Theorem or SSS Inequality Theorem

15. Each of Angel, Anne, Luis and Sam was given a 15-inch piece of stick. They
were instructed to create a triangle. Each cut the stick in their own chosen
lengths as follows: Angel—5 in, 5 in, 5 in; Anne—3 in, 5 in, 7 in; Luis—6 in, 4
in, 5 in; and Sam—3 in, 4 in, 8 in. Who among them was not able to form a
triangle?
A. Angel C. Luis
B. Anne D. Sam

22
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
 Additional Activities

This section of this module will help you deepen your understanding about
the importance of inequalities in triangle.

Activity 1
Directions: The distance Ronie walks from home to school is 130 meters and 100
meters when he goes to church from home. Romeo estimates that the
distance Ronie walks when he goes directly to Church, coming from
school, is 200 meters. Avelino’s estimation is 240 meters. Which
estimation is feasible? Justify your answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

School

Church

130 m
100 m

Home
To assess your answers, please refer to the rubric provided.

Use appropriate Use appropriate Use inappropriate Use inappropriate

theorem with theorem with theorem with theorem with
complete solution solution but with correct answer. incorrect answer.
leading to correct incorrect answer.
answer.

23
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
24
Assessment Additional Activities
1. C 9. B Applying Triangle Inequality Theorem 3, Avelino’s estimation is
2. D 10. D more feasible.
3. D 11. B
4. B 12. C What I Have Learned What's More
5. B 13. B 1. Angle-side Activity 1
6. C 14. C Relationship 1. a. 𝐴𝐶̅̅̅̅ –longest side
7. B 15. D 2. Opposite ̅̅̅̅̅– shortest side
𝐴𝐵
8. A 3. Triangle Inequality b. Angle-Side
Theorem Relationship Theorem
4. Greater than 2. a. ∠Y –smallest
What’s New
5. Exterior Angle ∠S – largest
Inequality b. Angle-Side
Measure Me:
6. Remote interior Relationship Theorem
∠I≈ 65°, ∠F≈90°, ∠T≈25°
angle 3. a. 153°
∠X≈50°, ∠A100°, ∠M≈ 30° b. > (both statement)
See Triangle Inequality 7. Hinge Theorem
8. longer than c. Exterior Angle
Theorem 1 and 2 Inequality Theorem
Compare Me: 9. SSS Inequality
Theorem 4. a. >
1. 14>10 b. Converse of Hinge
10. included angle
2. 18>6 Theorem
3. 16>8 5. a. <
4. 13>10 b. Hinge Theorem
5. 18>5 Activity 2
6. 15>8 1. X
See Triangle Inequality 2. ∆
\
Theorem 3 Answers may vary. 3. ∆
Complete Me: Activity 2 4. ∆
∆FLY ∠1≈ 67°, ∠2≈ 132°, Inequality Theorem 5. X
∠3≈ 161°, ∠4≈ 48°, ∠5≈ 113°, 4. Exterior Angle Activity 3
∠6≈ 19° 3. Alvin 1. Greater
∆FRE ∠1≅ 70°, ∠2≅ 143°, Inequality Theorem 2. True
∠3≈ 147°, ∠4≈ 37°, ∠5≈ 110°,
2. No, Triangle 3. True
4. Opposite 5.
∠6≈ 33°
Relationship
True
See Exterior Angle Inequality
1. Dina, Angle-Side
What I Know
Theorem
Activity 1
Form Me:
What I Can Do 1. B
2. A
The length of the third side
What’s In 3. C
opposite 45°≈ 5 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑠 long,
1. 𝐵𝐶 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ , 𝐸𝐹 4. A
while the length of the third 5. B
2. ∠C, ∠F
side opposite 75° ≈ 3. 180°, 180° 6. A
8.5 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔. 4. 𝐵𝐶̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐸𝐹 ̅̅̅̅ 7. D
1. Congruent 5. 𝐴𝐵̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐷𝐸 ̅̅̅̅ 8. C
2. Included angle 9. B
3. Triangle 10. C
4. See Hinge Theorem 11. D
For 5 and 6, see Converse of 12. C
Hinge Theorem 13. C
Note: Students’ answer may 14. C
closely equal to the answer 15. B
Answer Key
References

Abuzo, Emmanuel P., et.al, Mathematics- Grade 8 Learner’s Module First Edition,
2013. Published by the Department of Education
Abbie Brewer, “Triangle Inequality Task” Performance Based Learning and
Assessment Task, accessed December 10, 2012,
httpswww.radford.edurumath-smpdcPerformancesrcBrewer%20-
%20Triangle%20Inequality%20Task.pdf

Gabriel, J.L., & Mallari, M.T.G. Mathematics for Grade 8 A Spiral Approach
Explanations, Examples, Exercises, 2017. Educational Resources
Corporation.
Geometry: Triangle Inequality and Angle-Side Relationship. (n.d.) Retrieved from
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/triangle-inequality.html

Kuta Software, “Infinite Geometry- Triangle Inequality Theorem, accessed 2015,

httpswww.cpalms.orgPublicPreviewResourceLessonPreview40261

Triangle Inequality Theorem. (n.d.) Retrieved from

https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/triangle-inequality-theorem

Usha Bhakuni, “Theorems of Inequality” Chapter 6 Lesson 6, accessed 2003-2020,

https://study.com/academy/lesson/theorems-of-inequality.html#courseInfo

Usha Bhakuni, “Comparing Triangles with the Hinge Theorem” Chapter 6 Lesson 8,
accessed 2003-2020, https://study.com/academy/lesson/comparing-
triangles-with-the-hinge-theorem.html

25
CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_ Module 1
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

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Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

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