Carl Benedict Revilla

Practical Research 1
Module 3

ACTIVITIES

1. Provide a brief description in your own words for each sampling procedures
discussed in the lesson. Use the table below as a guide.

Sampling Procedure Description

Purposive Sampling A purposive sample is a non-probability sample
that is chosen based on demographic
characteristics and the study's goal. Purposive
sampling, also known as judgmental, selective, or
subjective sampling, is distinct from convenience
sampling.
Quota Sampling The non-probability sampling approach is also
known as quota sampling. In the early stages of a
research project, quota sampling is employed.
The population for sampling is chosen based on
certain qualities and traits of the population's
members.
Snowball Sampling Researchers utilize snowball sampling, a non-
probability sampling approach, to uncover
possible participants in studies when people are
difficult to find.
Convenience Sampling A convenience sample is also known as a grab
sample since it is taken from the general
population. This is a sampling strategy that does
not rely on a random process to obtain a sample,
such as we see in a basic random sample.

2. Identify the sampling method in each of the following situations:

a. A case study about students’ satisfaction with their living quarters on campus
was conducted by recruiting those students who stay in each of the different
types or locations of oncampus housing only. Those who are living on student
dorms/quarters but outside the campus were not included. - PURPOSIVE

b. A researcher who sought to examine a certain issue regarding same sex marriage
found a suitable participant for the study thru social media. The participant is willing
to be interviewed and even refers his acquaintances who may also be potential
subjects. - SNOWBALL

c. In a research conducted by a group of NGO volunteers regarding good lifestyle of

people, participants were recruited by asking people who dress good and look
healthy in a certain mall. - CONVENIENCE

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 d. The supreme student government of the school would like to form a group that
will help fellow students to pass all their subjects within the school year. They first
determine the most common causes why students fail in exams by conducting
interviews from the two least performing students for each section from each grade
level. - QUOTA

e. An on-site reporter was able to gather information regarding the road traffic
accident that occurs just a few hours before he arrived at the scene by interviewing
the street vendors and pedestrians present during the accident. - CONVENIENCE

3. Look for at least 1 example of qualitative research that employs any of the
sampling procedures you have learned. Use the table below as your guide.

Research Title A Phenomenological Pilot Study of

Energy Healers Expertise and
Recommendations for Energetic Disaster
and Trauma Relief Training
Researcher’s Name Robert R. Maldonado
Sampling Procedure Snowball Sampling
Process Done by the Researcher Identifying the area of study:
Volunteering
Choosing the topic:
In order to effectively and consistently
provide energetic disaster relief
treatments for humanitarian disasters,
there needs to be a training program to
train volunteers and local social service
providers. Few studies have focused on
how to adequately and effectively
integrate and train people in the
knowledge of different energy systems in
disaster relief. Some trauma relief
organizations such as The Trauma Relief
Committee of the Association of Thought
Field Therapy, Green Cross Association of
Traumatic Stress Specialists, Common
Bond Institute-- Catastrophic Trauma
Recovery Project (CTR) and others, have
had much success providing training and
coordinating teams of practitioners to
deploy to assist victims and workers in
need during incidents of trauma and

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 disaster.
Formulating a research plan:
the purpose of this phenomenological
study is to explore and understand
through the obtaining of information
from key participants in their respective
energy systems, what they can
contribute to energetic disaster and
trauma relief training. The overall aim of
this study is to draw on the clinical
expertise, field experience and the vision
of key “experts” to help define the field
of disaster relief training, identify needs
and gaps, and make recommendations
for further development in the
implementation of energetic disaster
preparedness and response efforts.
Collecting and then analysing the data:
A protocol consisting of a written
questionnaire and both e-mail and
telephone interviews, will be used to
obtain the data. A questionnaire will be
mailed to each participant to be filled out
and sent back to the researcher. Upon
receipt and review of the completed
questionnaire, a follow-up interview will
be conducted to discuss and to ask the
participants to explain their ideas in
more detail and/or elaborate on what
they have stated in the questionnaire.
The researcher will use a non-directive
style of interviewing using open-ended
questions allowing the participants the
freedom to control pacing and subject
matter of the interview. Additionally, a
more directive style of questioning will
be used as needed when the researcher
requires more clarification of information
that the participants will be providing.
The researcher will record the
information from the telephone
interview by making hand-written notes.
Additional sub-questions will also be
used as needed. The researcher will
initially “field test” a sample
questionnaire with 2 key participants to
assess the type of questions for use

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 throughout the study and to ensure that
the data from the questions are valid and
reliable. In the study the telephone
interviews will assess face validity by
comparing the responses on the
questionnaire with the participant’s real
opinions. Reliability will be assessed
through test-retest reproducibility by
asking some of the participants to
complete the questionnaire on more
than one occasion. Some of the
questions will be asked in more than one
way to assess internal consistency.
Acceptability will be determined by
asking the participants how they found
answering the questionnaire during the
validity testing. This process will help
identify main issues and form the basis of
the type of questions to be used in the
pilot study.

Writing up the study:

As a qualitative research study, it will be
presented in descriptive, narrative form
rather than as a scientific report. The
final report will be an exhaustive
construction and description of the
phenomena being studied from the
voices, feelings, actions and meanings of
the study participants. It goes beyond
mere fact or surface appearances, but
stops short of becoming trivial and
mundane (Patton, 2002). This exhaustive
description will enable the lived
experiences of the participants as it
pertains to disaster relief.

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