TITLE

Implementation of
Big Data Policy
Management in
Corporate Social
Responsibility
Activities Post
Liberalisation

RESEARCH Sree Ganesh S S

19BAL113

PROPOSTION
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Contents
1 TITLE..............................................................................................................................................2
2 AREA OF RESEARCH.......................................................................................................................2
3 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................2
4 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM.............................................................................................................4
5 OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH.............................................................................................................5
6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH................................................................................6
7 SCOPE OF RESEARCH.....................................................................................................................7
8 THE OUTCOME OF STUDY..............................................................................................................7
9 LITERATURE REVIEW......................................................................................................................9
10 IMPORTANT LITERATURE..........................................................................................................9
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1 TITLE
Implementation of Big Data Policy Management in Corporate Social Responsibility
Activities Post Liberalisation

2 AREA OF RESEARCH
Company Law, Corporate law and Corporate Governance. Big Data Management, Public
Policy, Public Policy Assessment and Technology.
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3 INTRODUCTION

Corporations' expected cares and concerns have shifted over time. Priorities in the present era
simply cannot end at the bottom line. Corporate social responsibility has become an
important criterion for any successful firm to handle.
The urge to be socially and ecologically responsible is a relatively new trend that is putting
pressure on firms to adapt if they want to remain relevant, particularly to their younger
clientele. The pressure is not on procedures, but on the concept of corporate social
responsibility, which requires a corporation to go above and beyond the aspects that define
"sound business practises." They are required to invest in and enable initiatives that promote
beneficial outcomes.

These concerns are not necessarily mutually exclusive. If a corporation invests in cancer
research, it should also make a concerted effort to reduce production waste, which frequently
ends up in the air or the water. When one considers that both of these have been discovered to
include cancer-causing chemicals that are often associated with greater industrial endeavours,
the relationship between industrial expansion and environmental degradation becomes
evident. As a result, this dual effort may be utilised to demonstrate a dedication to going
above and beyond the normal or standard criteria in order to be socially and ecologically
responsible as a commercial organisation. However, establishing how a corporation should
go about addressing these common issues may be a daunting task. This is where the use of
big data comes into play.

Data that has been properly captured, structured, and utilised is a reliable instrument that
allows a firm to demonstrate that it is reacting to actual requirements through investments in
long-term initiatives. These can be extracurricular and charitable, as well as directly tied to
their supplier chain, resource consumption, waste management, or a variety of other variables
that impact a company's normal tasks.

However, in order to properly leverage big data into a net positive, businesses must recognise
that they are, for the most part, still operating in the technological dark ages, with siloed
information spread across haphazard IT systems that impede any proper use of the
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astronomical amount of information that each company frequently possesses at its fingertips.
This information must be restructured.

Even yet, it will not be fully utilised unless a company's culture shifts to evaluating and
controlling business via the lens of data. Only until this is accomplished can real, actionable
steps be identified. The newly structured data may then be utilised to address true corporate
social responsibility concerns with meaningful, quantifiable outcomes.
Big Data analytics-based information services necessitate data governance that meets
corporate governance requirements. While present data governance focuses on data quality,
Big Data governance must be built to account for a broader range of Big Data services such
as social trend analysis and change prediction. To reach Big Data service goals, strategies
must be devised that are aligned with the corporation's vision. A framework to enable the
commencement of a Big Data project as a guide and procedure is required for the effective
implementation of Big Data services. To support effective implementation of this proposal, I
plan to develop a Big Data Governance framework for Corporate Social Responsibility.

4 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

This article gives an overview of contemporary corporate policy initiatives through Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR). The usage of Big Data & Analytics will be described in this
context. The primary goal of the research is to pursue CSR, since the issue has advanced
significantly for businesses in recent years. There are several explanations for this. The
consumption of the environment, the deposition of wastes into the air, ground, and water by
corporations, as well as the working conditions inside the workplace, are all of the highest
importance to society. Companies attempt to minimise or limit the negative effect that comes
with their value generating processes as a result of their competitive environment, public
pressure, marketing reasons, or being compelled by legal requirements and laws.
These advancements are frequently highlighted in CSR/sustainability reports. Many
businesses define CSR goals that are tied to a specific baseline. Companies may locate the
correct areas for development, assess their progress, use new approaches, and create steps to
further improve their status by doing so. Some of these efforts are being pushed by
digitization, and as research in this field progresses, new options to decrease the negative
impact emerge. The potential for digitization to enhance CSR indices is vastly
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underappreciated. To demonstrate the influence that digitalization may have on the value
creation process, a particularly specific approach from the field of digitalization, big data
analysis, was chosen as an example for this article.

The systematization of research and approaches to solving the problem will show that Big
Data & Analytics is underemployed in the area of Corporate Social Responsibility.
Investments are required to make Big Data & Analytics a contribution to Corporate Social
Responsibility. This article's discussion of the possibilities of Big Data & Analytics can assist
to justify expenditures in this sector of application. The following logical sequence is used to
process the article: Big Data & Analytics will demonstrate its contribution to Corporate
Social Responsibility following an introduction segment. Following the formulation of a
hypothesis, the analysis phase takes the shape of a field application. A business case will be
developed in the future to address the impact of CSR on the Internet of Things (IoT).

5 OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH

Big data analytics appears to be completely absent from studies on Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) and sustainability. Nonetheless, big data has immense potential to
address environmental and social problems.
Big data analytics is concerned with analysing very large structured datasets (such as those
derived from financial records and stock exchanges) as well as unstructured datasets (such as
those generated by emails, tweets, and GPS signals) that are frequently inaccessible using
traditional statistical methods. It provides up totally new avenues for detecting previously
unseen patterns and abnormalities.

Big data quantities are growing at an exponential rate, owing to technological advancements
and decreased equipment costs. Chevron's Tengiz oil field in Kazakhstan, for example,
contains around one million sensors. Big data created by such technology, when combined
with real-time weather data and other forms of data, may be utilised to deliver near-real-time
alerts and assist avert accidents. Big data from safety inspections, location devices, and drone
photos, for example, may be utilised to build predictive analytics to improve safety. Devon
Energy in the United States, for example, uses big data analytics to monitor the speed and
position of their vehicle fleet, as well as the need to evacuate personnel in regions where
hydrogen sulphide is present.
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Open-source software such as Apache Hadoop and IBM's Big Sheets have made big data
analytics more accessible to people and companies worldwide. So, why is there so little effort
to use big data analytics to sustainability?

Part of the explanation might be that a lot of good work goes unrecognised under the radar.
Despite the topic's appeal, the academic community and certain mainstream media sources
may not appear to be interested, or the researchers and journalists may feel out of their depth
while writing about big data owing to the path-breaking nature.
Another explanation could possibly be that companies have largely focused on big data
analytics to improve financial performance, for example, by mining customer data to help sell
more products, using big data analytics to effectively manage inventories, or – in the oil
sector – using data from sensors to facilitate exploration and production operations.
CSR and sustainability appear to have fallen behind.

6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH

We are living in the age of big data. Apps, social media, and e-commerce platforms, as well
as sensor-rich consumer gadgets such as mobile phones, wearable devices, commercial
cameras, and even automobiles, create terabytes of data about the environment and about us.
With tremendous efficiency advances in data gathering, mining, and analysis, technology
businesses across all industries – from entertainment to banking to logistics – now have
access to a veritable gold mine of consumer data.
Companies definitely have the upper hand with such valuable data, completely aware of what
customers want even before people realise they want it. This raises the issue of corporate
social responsibility. Data responsibility outlines methods that firms may take to break down
these private barriers and develop data collaboratives, or ways for proprietary data to be
shared for the public good. Big data responsibility is a new sort of corporate social
responsibility for the twenty-first century for the commercial sector.

Instead of just using this advantage to maximise profits, businesses must examine the long-
term consequences of their activities, the true requirements of their stakeholders, and societal
issues. Companies would be well to consider concerns of sustainability. When there is a clear
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case that private data serves the public benefit, data proprietors have an obligation to disclose
it. There is now a plethora of evidence that data, when used responsibly, may assist improve
people's lives.
Failure to preserve data has well-documented repercussions. When data is not adequately
anonymized or when de-anonymized data gets into the public domain, the most apparent
issues arise. However, there are more nuanced circumstances in which allegedly anonymised
data is vulnerable to de-anonymization, and information disclosed for the public benefit ends
up causing or possibly inflicting damage.
To really serve the public good, policymakers and others must develop policies and actions
based on the insights gained from the data. Without action, potential is just that, unrealised
results. 

7 SCOPE OF RESEARCH

We address many elements of using big data computing to sustainable and resilient
management methods, which leads to proactive solutions to ecological and financial
challenges in this article. All of the sensors and data gathering engines that have been
developed over the years have unavoidably resulted in the creation of so-called "big data,"
with changes in data collection resulting in new filing, storage, and access needs, with more
to come. The drive to Open Data access has made this data open to anyone, yet many
organisations have not taken advantage of these new sources of information and decision
assistance. The demands of the environment and human communities must not be
disregarded, but they appear to be increasingly overshadowed by the feverish drive to profit
from data and knowledge.
The destruction of the environment and resultant species extinctions, as well as the harm
caused by the abuse of personal data, are continuous. In this section, we analyse the price of
corporations ignoring social, environmental, and economic responsibilities in pursuit of
unwavering profit. Typically, a review of expenses concludes with the bottom line, which is
the first bottom line "Profit," which should be in the black. We argue that the discussion
should include additional bottom lines, such as the community or "People" and the
environment or "Planet."
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8 THE OUTCOME OF STUDY

With the emergence of Big Data solutions, Big Data services can be readily established.
However, risks would rise if strategic aspects were not adequately considered in advance
from the standpoint of data governance. Privacy issues, information monopoly, and data
quality responsibilities are concerns of Big Data services that would be impediments to
producing significant analytical findings to suit an organization's or customers' demands. Big
Data adoption initiatives demand more expenditure than past IT solution adoption efforts, and
integrating old systems would be problematic. The consequences of anticipated difficulties,
such as the danger of personal information leakage, the harm caused by information
monopoly, and the necessity of decision-making based on analytical results, are significantly
bigger than the consequences of other solutions.

A Big Data project necessitates new requirements that differ from data quality standards
created based on current data, such as timeliness, correctness, sufficiency, and
meaningfulness. Data transparency and accountability concerns, as well as policymaking in
light of the aforementioned two considerations, are the most frequently disregarded in
projects and must be addressed in the early stages of a Big Data project. If these are not
determined by the conclusion of the project, the project will most likely face a policy failure
problem. Prior to analysing technical feasibility, a pilot project for the implementation of Big
Data services may be carried out, but it is critical to examine the types of interests among
stakeholders associated with data gathering methods and the disclosure of analytical findings.

In this paper, I will focus on Big Data governance framework to prevent policy failure by
synthesising factors for a successful Big Data project ahead of time. Big Data governance
framework may be used as a foundation for identifying risk factors and mitigating difficulties
while implementing Big Data services. In this case study, we looked at an actual situation
from the standpoint of a Big Data governance framework. Furthermore, we examined several
scenarios that may arise in projects that were intended to deploy Big Data services in
effectively managing and implementing CSR activities.
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9 LITERATURE REVIEW

PRIMARY SOURCES:
 Council for Corporate Responsibility (2014).
 Constitution of India.
 CSR Europe.
 Company law Amendment Act, 2013.
 Company law rules 2014.
 Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
 Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 The Committee for Economic Development, 1971.
 The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (2012).
 UK Companies Act, 2006.
 UK Trade Union and Labour Relations (consolidation) act 1992.
 UDHR.
 World Business Council for Sustainable Development.
 15-point Shanghai Declaration.

10 IMPORTANT LITERATURE

 Belen Lopez, Celia Rangel, How Luxury Fashion Brands Contribute Efficiently to

Sustainable Development, Future Advancements for CSR and the Sustainable
Development Goals in a Post-COVID-19 World, 10.4018/978-1-7998-8065-3.ch007,
(139-161), (2022).

 Weihua Liu, Shangsong Long, Shuang Wei, Correlation mechanism between smart

technology and smart supply chain innovation performance: A multi-case study from
China's companies with Physical Internet, International Journal of Production
Economics, 10.1016/j.ijpe.2021.108394, 245, (108394), (2022).

 Abel Monfort, José Manuel Mas Iglesias, Barreras y oportunidades para la

comunicación de la responsabilidad social en redes sociales, Comunicación y
Hombre, 10.32466/eufv-cyh.2021.17.645.349-361, 17, (349-361), (2021).

 T. C. Edwin Cheng, Sachin S. Kamble, Amine Belhadi, Nelson Oly Ndubisi, Kee-

hung Lai, Manoj Govind Kharat, Linkages between big data analytics, circular
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economy, sustainable supply chain flexibility, and sustainable performance in

manufacturing firms, International Journal of Production Research,
10.1080/00207543.2021.1906971, (1-15), (2021).

 Zhang Lipai, Xia Xiqiang, Lu Mengyuan, Corporate governance reform in the era of

artificial intelligence: research overview and prospects based on knowledge graph,
Annals of Operations Research, 10.1007/s10479-021-04416-2, (2021).

 Yon Jung Choi, Corporate Social Responsibility, Encyclopedia of Big Data,

10.1007/978-3-319-32001-4, (1-3), (2020).

 Omrane Guedhami, Sofia Johan, Florencio Lopez‐de‐Silanes, Siri

Terjesen, Challenges for corporate governance at the national and firm levels,
Corporate Governance: An An International Review, 10.1111/corg.12420, 30, 1, (2-
9), (2022).