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Transformer

1. This document discusses transformers and provides example problems involving calculating transformer parameters such as voltage, current, efficiency, and regulation from given specifications and test data. 2. Ten problems are presented involving single phase and three phase transformer circuits, open and short circuit tests, efficiency, impedance, and regulation calculations. 3. Notes are provided on transformer turn ratios, percentage reactance calculation, and calculating losses from efficiency.

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172 views2 pages

Transformer

1. This document discusses transformers and provides example problems involving calculating transformer parameters such as voltage, current, efficiency, and regulation from given specifications and test data. 2. Ten problems are presented involving single phase and three phase transformer circuits, open and short circuit tests, efficiency, impedance, and regulation calculations. 3. Notes are provided on transformer turn ratios, percentage reactance calculation, and calculating losses from efficiency.

Uploaded by

Bsal Soko
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical Machines

Electrical II/II
Tutorial 2
Transformers

1. A 30 kva sinle phase transformer has 500 primary turns and 30 secondary turns. The
primary is connected to a 3300 V, 50 hz supply. Calculate a. maximum flux in the core
b. secondary e.m.f c. primary and secondary current. (ans: 29.7, 198, 9.09, 151.5)
2. A 230/460V transformer has a primary resistance of 0.2Ω and reactance of 0.5Ω and
corresponding values on secondary are 0.75Ω and 1.8Ω. Find the secondary terminal
voltage when supplying a. 10 A at 0.8 pf lagging and b. 10 A at 0.8 pf leading. (ans:
424.8V, 470.4V )
3. The primary of a transformer is rated at 10 A and 1000V. On open circuit the ratings
are V1 = 1000V , v2 = 500V I = 0.42A and Poc = 100W . On short circuit, readings
are: V = 126 V, I = 10A and Psc = 400W . Draw the equivalent circuit and determine
parameters. Predict output voltage if ZL = 19 + j12Ω (ans: 449.65∠ − 4.55V )
4. Calculate the efficiency at half load, full load and 25% overload for a 100 kva transformer
at power factor (a) unity (b) 0.8. The core loss is 1000W and full load copper loss is
1000W (ans: 0.976, 0.98, 0.98, 0.97, 0.976, 0.975 )
5. A 15 KVA 2300/230 V, 50 Hz single phase transformer has following test data
O.C test : V = 2300V, I= 0.21 A, W = 50 W
S.C test : V = 47V , I = 6 A, W = 160W

(a) Find the equivalent circuit referred to primary side.


(b) Calculate the full load voltage regulation at 0.8 pf lagging awhen the load voltage
is held at 220 V.(2.3 %)
(c) What is the efficiency at half the rated load at unity power factor. (98.7)
(d) Find the maximum efficiency and corresponding output power.
(98.7)
6. A 200 KVA transformer has an efficiency of 98 % at full load if the maixmum efficiency
occures at three quarters of full load , calculate efficiency at half load . Assume negligible
magnetising current and 0.8 pf at all loads. (97)
7. The daily variation of load on a 100 kva transformer is given below:
8-1 : 65 kw, 35 kvar
1-6 : 80 kw, 50 kvar
6-1 : 30 kw, 30 kvar
1-8 : No load
No load core loss is 270 W and full load copper loss is 1200 W. Calculate all day effi-
ciency.(ans: 98.26) Note: copper loss proportion to kva2
Electrical Machine Page 2 of 2 Electrical - II/II

8. A 100 kva single phase transformer gave following test data:


O.C test(secondary winding open): primary volts 1000, secondary volts 100, power input
975W
S.C test (secondary winding open): primary volts 22, full load current(100 A), power
input 1050 W
Find (a) percentage impedance, resistance and leakage reactance, (b) efficiency ate 75%
load 0.8 lag (c) full load regulation at 0.9 pf lag. (ans: 2.2%,1.05%,1.933%, 97.4%, 1.7%)

9. A 11500/2300 V transformer is rated at 100 kva as a two winding transformer. If the


two winding connected in series to form an auto transformer, what will be the voltage
ratio and output. (ans: 13.8/11.5 kv, 600kva, 13.8/2.3 kv, 120 kva)

10. Three single phase 10 kva, 460/120 V ,60 Hz transformer are connected to a three phase
460/208 V transformer bank. the equivalent impedance of each referred to hv side is 10
+ j 2.0 Ω. Transformer delivers 20 kw at 0.8 pf lead. Draw diagram, find transformer
current, primary induced voltage and voltage regulation. (ans: 18.1A, 452.7V, -1.57%)
Ref: Electrical Machines JB Gupta, Fundamental of Electrical Machines

Notes: a. turn ration = N1


N2
≈ k1
b. percentage reactance = I1VX101 = I2 X02
V2
c. Losses = Pr /η − Pr and so on.

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