1.

(a) infra-red/IR; 1
(b)

3 correct;; 2
(1/2 correct – 1 mark
[3]

2. (a) 2 arrows in opposite directions;

not along the spring’s direction; 2
(b) sound / p wave / compression wave / ultra sound / sonar; 1
(c) (i) 3; 1
(ii) 10;; 2
[5 - 1 mark only]
(iii) A calculation to include:
14
1. f = 7 ;
2. 2;
3. Hz; 3
[9]

g a m m a ra y s in a rem o te c o n trol fo r a T V

X -ra ys to co m m u n ica te w ith sate llites

u ltra -v io le t to ste rilise su rg ical in stru m en ts

in fra-red in sun b ed s to giv e a su n tan

m icrow av es to o b ta in sh ad o w p ictu re s o f b o n es
3.
All four correct - 3 marks
three/two correct - 2 marks
one correct - 1 mark
[3]

4. (a) wavelength increases;

frequency decreases; 2
(b) Any two from:
1. gamma ray;
2. X-ray;
3. ultraviolet;
4. microwaves; 2

Trinity School 1
 (c) correct use for named wave;
one mark each correct detail;; 3
eg microwaves - used to cook food;
- reference to absorption of microwaves;
- causing heating;
[7]

5. (a) infra-red; 1
(b) heating/cooking/remote control/any appropriate use;
[Answer to this part must be a correct use of the answer given in part (a)] 1
[2]

6. (a) refraction towards normal in block; (must emerge at bottom surface)

emergent ray correctly refracted; (approx parallel to incident) 2
(b) (i) sunbeds/ security marking – detection of forged bank notes/
fluorescent lamps/treatment of skin complaints/ sterilisation of
water/hardening fillings;
IGNORE: uv lamps 1
(ii) uv higher frequency/visible lower frequency;
uv shorter wavelength/visible longer wavelength; 2
travel at the same speed; accept labelled diagram
(c) (i) X-rays absorbed stopped/by bone;
pass through/flesh/(soft) tissue/muscle;
IGNORE arm/see through skin etc.
they affect a photographic film/darken photographic plate; 3
(ii) kills/damages cells/DNA/genes/chromosomes/cause cancer/mutations/
infertility; 1
ionisation;
IGNORE damages tissue;
[9]

7. D; 1
[1]

8. (a) waves closer in glass;

emerging waves parallel to incident waves;
are the same wavelength as the incident beam;

a ir
g lass

Trinity School 2
 (b) Any two of:
some reflected back into the water;
because angle greater than critical angle / 41° – 45° ;
these rays are totally internally reflected ; 2
[5]

9. (a) (i) changes direction;

towards the right; 2
(b) no refraction at first boundary;
reflected at second and third boundaries;
ray emerging from prism parallel to incident ray; 3
(c) at least three waves;
diffraction shown;
no change in wavelength; 3
[8]

10. (a) (i) refract(ion); 1

(ii) An explanation to include:
1. the ray bends (through an angle) / changes direction / refracts;
[Reject bends in water]
[Ignore reference to light direction] 2
2. the fisherman thinks it has travelled straight / virtual image;
(b) correct direction;
joined; 2
[Deduct 1 mark for each error]
[5]

11. (a) An explanation to include three from:

1. incident ray is normal or at 90° ;
2. angle of incidence = 45° / angle of reflection;
3. greater than critical angle (42°);
4. total internal reflection takes place;
5. (long side of prism acts as mirror and) the ray turns through 90°;
[Ignore reflects off the prism] 3

(b)
rays must be drawn with ruler - both rays correctly drawn, 2 marks
one ray, 1 mark 2
[5]

12. (a) (i) total internal reflection; 1

(ii) should show more reflections; 1
(iii) An explanation to include:
 more reflections/hits side more often: A.
 greater distance to travel;

Trinity School 3
 (b) (i) ;
(sharp on/off pulses)
(ii) continuously variable (or diag)/voltage changing all the time/ 1
can have any value (allow mark if shown on diagram);
(c) (i) decreases/dims/less intense; 1
(ii) limits range/travels less/ cannot go as far/amplitude less; 1
[8]

13. (a) total/complete internal; 1

(TIR/totally internally reflected = 1
reflection; 1
(bald reflected = 0)
(b) straight (by eye) from A to opposite wall of fibre;
(must touch, must not emerge)
reasonable attempt at reflection law at A and maximum of 2 extra reflections; 1
[4]

14. (a) (very) high frequency sound;

beyond human hearing/humans cannot hear this frequency; 2
(b) (i) v = f;
v
= f ;
1500
/ 0.03
50000 ;
m; 4
(ii) Total distance = 2400 m;
2400
t = 1500 ;
= 1.65;
s; 4
[Allow 3 marks max, if Total distance taken as 1200 m]
(c) A suggestion to include:
 ordinary sound spreads more;
 concentration less/less intense/
 amplitude decreases rapidly
 range limited/cannot travel far; 3
[13]

Trinity School 4