INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ON

SIX WEEK INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

at

INFOWIZ SOFTWARE SOLUTION

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)

June - July 2019

SUBMITTED BY:

NAME: VAIBHAV THAKUR

UNIVERSITY ROLL NO.: 16UEC015

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGY (SEET)

BADDI UNIVERSITY OF EMERGING SCIENCES AND

TECHNOLOGY (BUEST), Baddi (H.P)
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SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGY,

BUEST, BADDI.

CANDIDATE'S DECLARATION

I “VAIBHAV THAKUR” hereby declare that I have undertaken six week training at

“INFOWIZ SOFTWARE SOLUTION” during a period from June to July 2019 in

partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of degree of B.Tech (Electronics and

Communication Engineering) at SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND EMERGING

TECHNOLOGY, BUEST, BADDI. The work which is being presented in the training

report submitted to Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGY, BUEST, BADDI

is an authentic record of training work.

Signature of the Student

The software / industrial training Viva–Voce Examination of__________________ has

been held on ____________ and accepted.

Signature of Internal Examine.

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CERTIFICATE
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The experience of making the project had been productive and enjoyable. It proved an

opportunity for me to upgrade my skills and added my professional knowledge. In

course of present work it has been my privilege to receive help and assistance from

many quarters. Before we get into the thick of things, we would like to share few

heartfelt words with the people who were the part of project in numerous ways.

My primary thanks goes to Mr. Preetam, my project guide who poured over every inch

of the manuscript with attention to detail and made a semi-infinite number of helpful

suggestions.

Also would like to thanks to all my friends for being instrumental in making this project

possible and successful.

VAIBHAV THAKUR
ROLL NUMBER: 16UEC015
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TABLE OF CONTENT

Candidate Declaration 1
Certificate 2
Acknowledgement 3
Table Of Content 4-5
List Of Figure Fig. 2.1,
2.2, 2.3

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATION 6-7

1.1 Who Are We 7

1.2 What we do 7
1.3 Vision 7
1.4 Mission 7
1.5 Value 7

Chapter 2 INDUSTRIAL TRAINING WORK UNDERTAKEN 8-14

2.1 NETWORKING 8
2.2 THE OSI LAYER 9
2.3 INTERNET PROTOCOL ADDRESSING 9-10
2.4 TERMS USED IN NETWORKING 10-11
2.5 TYPES OF NETWORKING 11-12
2.6 NETWORK TOPOLOGY 12
2.7 NETWORK CABLING 13-14
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Chapter 3

Chapter 4

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATION
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INFOWIZ is an ISO 9001-2015 certified IT training organization led by MR. Kamaljot

Kansal (CEO Cum Founder) a dynamic leader with a vision of improving the standards of
educational training leading from the front fully supported by his team of professionals who
are enriched with vast experience of working with some of the top MNC’S /companies of
repute and dedicated team of developers who are fully equipped with complete know how
on the latest trends, technologies venturing in corporate sector as on today and working
round the clock to provide optimum and best possible software solution to its clients not
only in India but Abroad too.

INFOWIZ is only a decade old organization but we have come a long way down the lane
and have emerged as a top organization providing software solutions and quality industrial
training for the Engineering students, for Professionals, Programs for faculty development
and much more. INFOWIZ, being approved by Govt. of INDIA, has made its presence felt
immensely and emerged as a brand in service providing industry. INFOWIZ is located at
Chandigarh and Bathinda and is fully equipped with a committed team of experts and
technically skilled trainers ensuring high tech quality and an effective training solution on
the latest technologies thereby providing optimum solutions to all your business needs.

Your goals are important to us, and we work hard to create the perfect Website for your
online needs. We have been in business for years and we innovatively design & develop
search engine friendly and custom-made websites for businesses. We offer multiple packages
to fit your business needs from web design to e-commerce sites to sites maintenance plans.

1.1 Who Are We

INFOWIZ is only a decade old organization registered under Govt. of India, approved by the
Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) and ISO 9001:2015 certified. This organization is lead
and headed by our Dynamic personality Mr. Kamaljot Kansal CEO who is paving the right
way as a mentor, facilitator to this team of professionals and leading the INFOWIZ
organization to scale greater heights on an everyday basis. Our team of expert developers and
professionals are working round the clock to ensure quality and effective training solutions
on the latest technologies.
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1.2 What we do
At INFOWIZ; besides providing effective software solutions to our clients through our
committed team of web designers and web developers we do undertake to impart quality
industrial training on the latest technologies thereby making the trainees ready for the
Corporate Arena. Our main motto is to promote technical education which is value-based and
assuring the best of our services and solutions to our clients.

1.3 Vision
The sole vision at INFOWIZ is to impart state of the art practical skills among the trainees so
that to enable the taught cope up easily and adapt themselves at a fast pace with the ever-
changing technologies in the Corporate Arena.

1.4 Mission
At INFOWIZ, our mission stands firmly in setting up the highest standards in the field of
education by improvising quality and practical skills. The main aim at INFOWIZ is to bridge
the gap between the actual requirements of the industry and the skills the taught possesses at
present.

1.5 Value
At INFOWIZ, we are committed and are striving to inculcate moral values among the
trainees to make them a better of citizen. We ensure to add values to our education, services
and assuring to achieve greater heights.

CHAPTER 2
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING WORK UNDERTAKEN

2.1 NETWORKING
In the world of computer, networking is the practice of linking two or more computing
devices together for the purpose of sharing data. Network is built with a mix of computer
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hardware and software. In order to telecommunicate, local, regional, national, and

international telecommunication networks are required. In the world of computers,
networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices together for the purpose
of sharing data. Communication and networking go together.
The meaning of the word 'networking' may not be very clear at first, but it is something we all
do. Networking is making contacts, maintaining contacts and using contacts.

Fig 2.1

2.2 THE OSI LAYER

The OSI is not a physical model, though. Rather, it is a set of guidelines that application
developers can use to create and implement applications that run on a network. It also
provides a framework for creating and implementing networking standards, devices, and
inter-networking schemes.
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The OSI has seven different layers, divided into two groups. The top three layers define how
the applications within the end stations will communicate with each other and with users. The
bottom four layers define how data is transmitted end to end.

2.3 INTERNET PROTOCOL ADDRESSING

An IP address is a numeric identifier assigned to each machine on an IP network. It
designates the specific location of a device on the network. It is a software address. The two
types of IP addresses are the version 4 types (IPv4) and the version 6 type (IPv6). The IPv6,
often referred to as ‘The next generation internet protocol’, is still under research and is not
yet in use publicly. The IPv4 is the most widely used.

Terms used in IP addressing are briefly explained below

(i) Bit- A bit is a binary digit, either 0 or 1.

(ii) Byte- A byte is eight bits

(iii) Network address- This is a designation used to send packets to a remote network.
Examples are 10.0.0.0, 172.68.0.0, 192.168.10.0

(iv) Node- A node is any device in an inter-network

(v) Broadcast address- This is the address used by applications and hosts to send information
to all nodes in a network. Example 10.255.255.255, which is all nodes in 10.0.0.0 network.

There are three types or classes of IP addresses in use.

(i) The Class A IP addresses: These have 8 bits for network addressing, and 24 bits for host.
Example 10.0.0.4 is an address under the 10.0.0.0.network. The range for the network
address is 0 to 127.

(ii) The Class B IP addresses: These have 16 bits for network addressing, and 16 bits for host.
Example is 171.52.0.6 is a host address under the 171.52.0.0 network. The range for the
network address is 128-191.

(iii) The Class C IP addresses: These have 24 bits for network addressing, and 8 bits for host.

2.4 TERMS USED IN NETWORKING

(i) Server: In general, a server is a computer that provides shared resources to network users
(client). Servers are typically powerful computers that run the software that controls and
maintained the network.

(ii) Network interface card: The network interface card (NIC), is the expansion card one
installs in a computer to connect, or interface, a computer to the network (i.e. NICs are used
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to connect PCs to the network). This device provides the physical, electrical, and electronic
connections to the network media. NICs are either an expansion card or built in to the
computer motherboard.

NICs come in three basic varieties: 8bits, 16bits and 32bits. The larger the number of bits that
transfer to the NIC, the faster the NIC can transfer data to the network cable.

(iii) Router: This is a specialized network device that determines the next point to which it can
forward a data packet towards the ultimate destination of the packet.

(iv) Gateway: This device is placed at a network node and interface with another network
that uses different protocols.

(v) Switch: This device allocate traffics from one network segment to certain lines (intended
destination (s)) which connects the segment to another work segment. Switch splits the
network traffic and sends it to different destination to all system on the network.

Fig 2.2

(vi) Hub: This device connects multiple Ethernet segments, making them act as a single
segment when using a hub, every attached device shares the same broadcast domain and the
same collision domain. Therefore, only one computer connected to the hub is able to transmit
at a time. Depending on the network topology the hub provides a basic

(vii) Ethernet: This is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks
(LANs).It has largely replaced competing wired LAN technologies. Ethernet used coaxial
cable as a shared medium. Later the coaxial cables were replaced by twisted pair and fibre
optics links in conjunction with hubs or switches.

(viii) Intranet: An intranet is a private network that is contained within an enterprise. It may
consist of many interlinked local area networks and also use leased lines in the wide area
network. Typically, an intranet includes connections through one or more gateway computers
to the outside Internet. The main purpose of an intranet is to share company information and
computing resources among employees. An intranet can also be used to facilitate working in
groups and for teleconferences.
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(ix) Internet: The internet in simple terms is a network of the interlinked computer
networking worldwide, which is accessible to the general public. These interconnected
computers work by transmitting data through a special type of packet switching which is
known as the internet protocol (IP). Internet is such a huge network of several different
interlinked networks relating to the business, government, academic, and even smaller
domestic networks, therefore internet is known as the network of all the other networks

(x) Frame: This is the protocol data unit of the data link layer.

(xi) Packet: This is the protocol data unit of the network layer.

(xii) E1: This is a fractional unit of transmission. It carries signal at 2.0468Mbps with 32
channels at 64Kbps. 30 channels carries traffic that is, voice and data, 1 channel is for
signaling and the 36 other 1 is for synchronization that is, reviewing. E1 is the minimum
Megabits that can be required by a customer to be rendered as a leased services.

(xiii) T1: This is a transmission equipment that carries signal at 1.544Mbps with 24 channels
at 64Kbps. E1 & T1 can be interconnected for international use.

(xiv) IP Monitor: It is a monitoring system that monitors the network through the internet
protocol (IP) assigned to each microwaves radio.

(xv) Link: It is a barrier between a source and the destination.

2.5 TYPES OF NETWORKING

Computer networks can be characterized by their size as well as by their purposes. The size
of a network can be expressed by the geographical area they occupy and the numbers of
computers that are part of the network. Network can cover anything from a handful of
devices within single room to millions of devices spread across the entire globe. Some of the
different networks I have experienced based on size are:

(i) Personal Area Network (PAN): PAN is a computer network around an individual within
a single building. It can be in a small office or residence.

(ii) Local Area Network (LAN): LAN consists of a computer network a single sit, typically
an individual office building. A LAN is useful for sharing of resources. Note: network
resources are other peripheral devices that are shared on a network such as printers, flash
drives, CD-ROM, scanner etc.

(iii) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): It is consists of a computer network across an

entire city, collage campus or small region. Note that: a MAN is larger than a LAN. The
combination of both network forms a CAMPUS AREA NETWORK (CAM).

(iv) WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN): WAN occupies a very large area, such as countries or
entire world. WAN contains multiple smaller networks just as mentioned above.
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As I have studied, I can summaries that network provides great flexibility, such as:

(i) Sending document to printer in an office.

(ii) Watch movies from an online streaming server to your TV.

(iii) All forms of network resources are being shared including accessing the internet.

2.6 NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Network topology is also known as physical topology which refers to the configuration of
connected devices on a network. Network topologies are categorized into the following basic
types;

(i) Star Topology; In this topology all the computers are connected to a single hub through a
cable the hub is the control node all other nodes are connected to the node.

(ii) Mesh topology: This forms a ring as each computer is connected to another computer,
with the last one connected to the first two neighbors for each device.

(iii) Ring Topology: This forms a ring as each computer is connected to another computer,
with the last one connected to the first two neighbours for each devices

(iv) Tree Topology: It has a root node and all other nodes are connected to it forming a
hierarchy, it is also called hierarchical topology.

(v) Bus Topology: In this topology, all stations are attached to a single cable. When a station
sends a message, it is broadcast down in both directions. Terminators at the end of the cable
prevent the signal from reflecting back to the sender.
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Fig 2.3

2.7 NETWORK CABLING

The three primary cables that I have come across are:

(i) Coaxial cable

(ii) Twisted-pair (unshielded and shielded)

(iii) Fiber-Optic cable

Just as I have learnt, these cables are able to transmit data and information from computer to
other viz.

(a) Transmit voice. All these transmissions are being done due to their respective capacities
or capabilities in speed and in terms of security.

(b) The data sent is being carried in the form of more related pulse of light or electronic
signals.