Coll. and Res.

(2015) 28: 1-4 1

A Penicillium and a Talaromyces New to Taiwan

Yei-Zeng Wang* and Mei-Ling Chan

Department of Biology, National Museum of Natural Science, 1 Guancian Rd., Taichung 404, Taiwan

(Received March 8, 2015; Accepted April 21, 2015; Published online August 14, 2015)

Abstract. Penicillium brocae and Talaromyces amestolkiae isolated from the air and feces of
mycophagous beetles, Eufallia sp. (Coleoptera: Latridiidae) collected at the fluid-preserved collection
storage room of the National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung are described and illustrated. Both
species are new records of the Taiwanese fungal flora.

Keywords: Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces, new records, Taiwan.

INTRODUCTION air-borne fungi. Colonies that appeared in the

medium plate were transferred to Czapek’s yeast
While inspecting the feeding behavior of autolysate agar (CYA) and MEA for purification
mycophagous insects, seven fungal species and examination.
of Trichocomaceae (Eurotiales), including
Aspergillus sydowii, A. ustus, A. versicolor, Morphological Features
Penicillium brocae, P. chrysogenus, Talaromyces
Cultures on CYA and MEA incubated at
amestolkiae, and T. wortmannii were isolated
25 °C in the dark were examined. Morphological
from the air and feces of Eufallia sp. specimens
characteristics were examined by stereomicroscopy
collected at the fluid-preserved collection storage
(Leica Wild M10, Wetzlar, Germany) and light
room of the National Museum of Natural Science
microscopy (Zeiss Axioskop, Oberkochen,
(Taichung, Taiwan). Among them, P. brocae and
Germany). Measurements were made from
T. amestolkiae are new records of the Taiwanese
material mounted in distilled water. Microscopic
fungal flora (Tzean et al., 1994). Descriptions and
photographs were made using a Canon digital
illustrations of these two species are provided in
camera (EOS 60D, Tokyo, Japan). Color names
this article.
used in the description are from Ridgway (1912).
Cultures and specimens are deposited in the
herbarium of the National Museum of Natural
MATERIALS AND METHODS Science (TNM).
Isolation of Fungal Strains
DNA Extraction, Amplification, and Sequencing
Tiny beetles, Eufallia sp. collected from the
fluid-preserved collection storage room were DNA was extracted using a Viogene genomic
brought to the laboratory. The feces from Eufallia DNA extraction kit following instructions in the
sp. were placed in malt extract agar (MEA), manual. Regions 1 and 2 of the internal transcribed
potato dextrose agar (PDA), or Sabouraud’s agar spacer (ITS) and the 5.8S ribosomal subunit were
for fungal isolation. Petri dishes containing MEA amplified using universal primers (ITS1/ITS4)
or PDA were placed on the shelves and ground (White et al., 1990). Polymerase chain reaction
for 5 min in the same storage room to collect (PCR) products were visualized on a 1% agarose
gel containing Cyber Green under UV illumination.

*Corresponding author. Email: yzwang@mail.nmns.edu.tw

2 Coll. and Res. (2015) 28: 1-4

Fig. 1A-D. Penicillium brocae. A. Colonies on CYA. B. Colonies on MEA after 7

days at 25 °C. C. Conidia. D. Penicillus. E-H. Talaromyces amestolkiae E. Colonies
on CYA. F. Colonies on MEA after 7 days. at 25 °C G. Conidia. H. Penicillus. Bars =
10 μm.

The PCR products were sequenced using an moderately to abundantly present, margin white,
ABI PRISM 3730 DNA sequencer (Applied entire, reverse primuline-yellow (R-XVI), no
Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The resulting soluble pigments, sclerotia, or ascomata.
sequences were compared to nucleotides in Conidiophores on MEA arising from basal
GenBank using BLAST. hyphae; stipes septate, smooth, unbranched,
60~110 × 2.5~3.0 μm, apices enlarged 4~7 μm in
Taxonomy diam.; penicilli strictly monoverticillate; phialides
in verticils of 4~8(~10), ampulliform, smooth,
Penicillium brocae S.W. Peterson, Jeann.
8~9 × 2~3 μm; conidia spherical to subspheroid,
Pérez, F.E. Vega & Infante, Mycologia 95(1): 143.
2~3 μm in diam., smooth to finely roughened,
2003.
borne in irregular columns.
Fig. 1A-D.
The ITS sequence of this strain was 99%
Colonies grown for 7 d on CYA (Fig. 1A)
coincident with that of AF484396 (type strain of
at 25 °C attained 20~23 mm in diam., slightly
P. brocae) deposited in GenBank.
convex, with 2~4 low sulcations, centrally pale
yellow-orange (R-III), margin entire; mycelium
Specimens examined: TAIWAN. Taichung,
white, clear exudate moderate present centrally,
National Museum of Natural Science, from air at
soluble amber-yellow pigment (R-XVI) present
fluid-preserved collection storage room, Oct. 3,
and visible 5~10 mm from colony edge, reverse
2014, Coll. ML. Chan, WAN 1418; from feces of
primuline-yellow (R-XVI), centrally becoming
Eufallia sp. at fluid-preserved collection storage
amber-yellow, no sclerotia or ascomata.
room, Nov. 5, 2014, Coll. ML. Chan WAN 1431.
Colonies grown for 7 d on MEA (Fig. 1B)
P e n i c i l l i u m b ro c a e w a s f i r s t r e p o r t e d
at 25 °C attained 20~22 mm in diam., convex,
to be associated with the coffee berry borer
velutinous, heavily sporulating, lily-green
(Hypothenemus hampei) from Mexico (Peterson
(R-XLVII), with sulcations, clear exudate
 Wang and Chan : A Penicillium and a Talaromyces New to Taiwan 3

et al., 2003) and was recently found in house ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

dust in Micronesia by Visagie et al. (2014). This
strain is characterized by the monoverticillate The authors thank Ms. S.W. Chou and S.Y.
conidiophores with terminal vesicles and Ke for laboratory work, Mr. W.N. Chou for
restricted growth as described by Peterson et al. composing the figure plate, and Dr. C.L. Huang
(2003). for reading the article.
Talaromyces amestolkiae Yilmaz, Houbraken,
Frisvad and Samson, Persoonia 29: 48. 2012.
Fig. 1E-H. REFERENCES
Colonies grown for 7 d on CYA (Fig. 1E)
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center, margin wide, entire; mycelium white to 2003. Penicillium brocae, a new species
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effused; mycelium white; sporulating dense; Mycol. 70: 159-183.
exudate and soluble pigment absent; reverse dark Tzean, S.S., S.C. Chiu, J.L. Chen, S.H. Hseu,
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(R-XXIX) at margin. W.H. Hsu. 1994. Penicillium and related
Conidiophores on MEA arising from basal Teleomorphs from Taiwan. Mycological
hyphae; stipes septate, smooth, 120~150 × 3~4 Monograph No. 9 Food Industry Research and
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mostly biverticillate; metulae in verticils of 3~5, Visagie, C.M., Y. Hirooka, J.B. Tanney, E.
smooth, 10~13 × 2~3 μm; phialides in verticils Whitfield, K. Mwange, M. Meijer, A.S.
of 3~6, acerose, smooth, 10~15 × 2.5~3.5 μm; Amend, K.A. Seifert, and R.A. Samson. 2014.
conidia ellipsoid, 3~4 × 2.0~2.5 μm, smooth to Aspergillus, Penicillium and Talaromyces
finely roughened. isolated from house dust samples collected
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longer than that of the type material (2~3 ×
1.5~2.5 μm, Yilmaz et al., 2012).
4 Coll. and Res. (2015) 28: 1-4

臺灣一種青黴菌與一種籃狀菌的新紀錄

王也珍、詹美鈴
國立自然科學博物館生物學組，臺灣臺中市404館前路1號

　　本文描述一種果蠹青黴菌(P e n i c i l l i u m b ro c a e)與一種史托克籃狀菌(Ta l a ro m y c e
amestolkiae)，此兩種真菌分離自國立自然科學博物館浸液標本蒐藏庫內的空氣，與此室內採
得的姬薪蟲(Eufallia sp.)糞便中，均為臺灣真菌的新紀錄種。

關鍵詞︰麴菌，青黴菌，籃狀菌，新紀錄，臺灣。