CASE STUDY OF AN

ADOLESCENT AGE 13
RAQUEL Carlos Chavez
Edu 220: the principle of Education Psychology
Professor Their L. Wyckoff
06/26/2022
 ABSTRACT
• Social Development • Emotional Development
• Cognitive Development
• Minimizing peer groups • Concerned of body image,
• Understand complex language
• Withdrawing from grades, and peers
• Increased problem-solving skills
parents • Moodiness
• Ability for higher level thinking
• Emphasis on peer • Sadness
• Verbal communication of feelings
approval • Passive-aggressive

• Physical Development
Moral Development • Growth spurts
Respect for authority • Acne
Right vs Wrong • Bodily hair
Doing what is expected • Physiological
changes
 TYPICAL PHYSICAL BEHAVIORS AT
13
• Growth of armpit, leg, chest, and facial hair (Kaneshiro 2021)
• Increase in height, weight, and strength(Child Development Guide)
• Major physiological changes (Ellsworth)
• Development of sweat gland (Gordan 2022)
• Acne outbreaks (Gordan 2022)
 OBSERVED PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
OF ADOLESCENT AGE 13
• The 13-year-old I observed doing an increase in body hair
• Talking with the mother they have had great increase in height and weight
• Their physiological change are apparent as well
• They do have a few spot of acne
 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
CONTINUED PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
• Talk about body image and feeling of changing they are experience (Child
Development Guide)
• Reassure adolescent that acne will clear up eventually (Child Development
Guide)
• A health and constant diet to keep up with rapid mass development (Child
Development Guide)
 TYPICAL EMOTIONAL BEHAVIORS
AT 13
• Focus on themselves; concerned of body image, grades, and popularity
(CDC 2021; Child Development Guide)
• Fluctuations of mood; moodiness and mood swings (CDC 2021; Gordan
2022)
• Feeling of sadness or depression(CDC 2021)
• Passive-aggressive behavior (Staff 2020)
 TYPICAL EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENTAL
LEVEL ACCORDING TO SLAVIN (AGE
13)
• Emotion conflict because of changes in body image, expected roles, and
peer relationship (Slavin, 2020)
• Emotional problems due to social, cognitive, physical, and moral
development are common (Slavin, 2020)
• Common emotion include anger, fear, jealousy, guilt, and frustration (Slavin,
2020)
 OBSERVED EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
OF ADOLESCENT AGE 13
• Talking with the 13-year-old uncovered that she is very self-conscious of their
body and popularity
• Her emotional mood swing were not present
• She did not have passive-aggressive tendencies toward her parents and
siblings
• Usually doing what she was told with no hesitation or sass
 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
CONTINUED EMOTIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
• Parents should offer plenty of positive feedback (Child Development
Guide)
• Keeping constant validation of child’s feeling (Child Development Guide)
 TYPICAL COGNITIVE/INTELLECTUAL
BEHAVIORS AT 13
• Ability to express feeling/emotions through talking (CDC 2021)
• Ability to think greater in depth; virtuosity (Ellsworth)
• Comprehension of abstract language(Gordan 2022)
• More involved in arguments and discussions (Child Development Guide)
 TYPICAL COGNITIVE/INTELLECTUAL
DEVELOPMENTAL LEVEL ACCORDING
TO PIAGET, VYGOTSKY, AND
• Brofenbrenner’s cognitive development BROFENBRENNER (AGE 13)
• Bioecological Development
• Emphasis on the interconnected influences on a child’s development
• Vygotsky’s cognitive development
• Learning precedes development
• Mediation from adult is used for more complex skill development
• Adults or Older peers' explanation and demonstrate complex task
• Learning is most efficient in Zone of Proximal Development
• Children are not able to accomplish task on their own but can learn it

• Piaget’s cognitive development

• Formal Operational (11 years old to Adulthood)
• Abstract and purely thinking
• Problems can be solved through experimentation (Slavin 2020)
 OBSERVED COGNITIVE/INTELLECTUAL
DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT AGE
13
• They were not quite able to communicate their feeling will talking
• I notice this when I asked her a couple question of how they feel about their
day-to-day life
• She was not able to comprehend complex language
• While talking together, she had a difficult time answering questions that had
more advanced words
• She did not show any tendencies to want to argue or discussion issues
 RECOMMENDATION FOR CONTINUED
COGNITIVE/INTELLECTUAL
DEVELOPMENT
• Parents should allow adolescent to venture into different thought, action,
and identities (Child Development Guide)
• Do not let discussion become arguments (Child Development Guide)
 TYPICAL PSYCHOSOCIAL/SOCIAL
BEHAVIORS AT 13

• Great influence of peers (Ellsworth)

• Less affection toward parent; more independent(CDC 2021; Gordan 2022)
• Trying on different identities(Gordan 2022)
• Less intense friendship with the same sex; usually having one bestfriend
(Child Development Guide)
 TYPICAL PSYCHOSOCIAL/SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENTAL LEVEL ACCORDING
TO ERICKSON(AGE 13)
• A time of change
• Change is due to both physiological changes as well as social pressures
• Identity vs Role – “who am I?”
• Move away from parent and turn toward peer groups
• Experient with different sexual, occupational, and educational roles (Slavin 2020)
 OBSERVED PSYCHOSOCIAL/SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT AGE
13
• Talking with the 13-year-old, she expressed that she had little interest in her
friend's opinions
• She has not experimented much with her role in life
• She does have three best friends that she usually interacts with everyday at
school
• She also did not show any sign of withdrawal from parents
 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
CONTINUED PSYCHOSOCIAL/SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT
• Parent should not criticize the need for friends (Gordan 2022)
• Parents should meet with adolescent’s friends (CDC 2021)
 TYPICAL
MORAL/CHARACTER/PHILOSOPHY
BEHAVIORS AT 13
• Peers are the important people to please (Ellsworth)
• Feeling of belonging and acceptance are most important (Ellsworth)
• Fair treatment of other; unlikely to lie (Child Development Guide)
• Unrealistic future (Gordan 2022)
• Sense of Right or Wrong (CDC 2021)
 TYPICAL
MORAL/CHARACTER/PHILOSOPHY
DEVELOPMENTAL LEVEL ACCORDING
TO KOHLBERG (AGE 13)
• Stages 3- ”good boy-good girl” orientation
• Behavior is judged one the approval of others
• Stage 4- “Law and Order” orientation
• Do what is expected of you
• Respect to authority figures
• Following of society’s rules (Slavin 2020)
 OBSERVED
MORAL/CHARACTER/PHILOSOPHY
DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENT AGE
• Talking with the 13 year, she does not seek the approval of her peer and
13
does not feel like belonging is important
• She explains that she does like on a frequent biases
• She understands that if she respect authority, they themselves will respect her
 RECOMMENDATION FOR CONTINUED
MORAL/CHARACTER/PHILOSOPHY
DEVELOPMENT
• Parents should “facilitate youth’s decision making” (Gordan 2022)
• Parents should also demonstrate respect towards authority (Gordan 2022)
 References

CDC. (2021, September 23). Child Development: Young Teens (12–14 years old) | CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/adolescence.html

Child Development Guide: Twelve to Fifteen Years. (n.d.). Fosterparentscope

http://depts.washington.edu/allcwe2/fosterparents/training/cdevguid/cdg14.htm#PHYSICAL

Ellsworth, J. (n.d.). Early. ESE 504. https://jan.ucc.nau.edu/%7Ejde7/ese504/class/pepsi/reading2-1-1.html

Gordan, S. (2022, February 26). 13-Year-Old Child Development Milestones. Verywell Family.

https://www.verywellfamily.com/13-year-old-developmental-milestones-2609025

Kaneshiro, N. (2021, February 2). Adolescent development. MedlinePlus.

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002003.htm

Slavin, R. (2020). Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice (13th ed.) [E-book]. Pearson Education.

Staff, P. T. (2020, May 10). The Ages and Stages of Child Development. Child Development Institute.

https://childdevelopmentinfo.com/ages-stages/#.WR3Id_QrLrc