ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [1]

Grade 10
Quadratic Equations
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Answer the questions

(1) Solve quadratic equation (x ≠ 0 and x ≠ -1).

(2) Find the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation y2 - 25 = 0

(3) The sum of two numbers is 21. If sum of their reciprocals is 7/30, find the numbers.
(4) The sum of the first n odd natural numbers is 81. Find the value of n.

(5) Find the roots of the quadratic equation 2x2 - 5x + 2 = 0.

(6) Trains A and B leave station at the same time. Train A travels in North direction and train B travels in
East direction. Train A is 2 km/hour slower than train B. After 5 hours, trains are 290 km apart. Find the
speed of both trains.
(7) At present, Carol's age (in years) is 7 more than the square of her daughter Linda's age. When Linda
grows to her mother's present age, Carol's age would be 4 year less than 14 times the present age of
Linda. Find the present ages of both Carol and Linda.
(8) Joseph buys number of sweets for $24. If he had bought 2 more sweets for the same amount, each
sweet would have cost $1 less. How many sweets did he buy?
(9) The sum of a number and its reciprocal is 13/6. Find the number.

(10) If -5 is a root of the quadratic equation 2b 2 + kb + 20 = 0, find the value of k.

(11) Find the roots of the quadratic equation = 0.

(12) The sum of the n consecutive natural odd numbers starting from 3 is 120. Find the value of n.

(13) Find solution of quadratic equation 4b 2 + 12b + 5 = 0

(14) David goes for a vacation with $2640 for his expanses. If he extends his vacation by 4 days, he has to
cut down his daily expanses by $5. Find original duration of his vacation.

Choose correct answer(s) from the given choices

(15) Equation -x2 + √8x + 2 = 0 has

a. more than two roots b. two distinct real roots
c. two equal real roots d. no real roots

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [2]

Answers
(1) x = 4 or, x = -5

Step 1
On adding two fractions on LHS,

Step 2

20 (x 2 + x2 + x + 1) = 41 (x 2 + x)

Step 3

x2 + x - 20 = 0

Step 4

x2 + 5 x - 4 x - 20 = 0

Step 5
x(x + 5 x) - 4 (x + 5) = 0

Step 6
(x - 4) (x + 5) = 0

Step 7
Hence x = 4, or x = -5

(2) 0

Step 1

For quadratic equation ay 2 + by + c = 0, sum of roots is -b/a

Step 2

For given equation y2 - 25 = 0, a = 1, b = 0 and c = -25

Step 3
Therefore sum of roots,
S = (-1 × b)/(a)
⇒ S = (-1 × 0)/(1)
⇒S=0

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [3]
(3) 15 and 6

Step 1
Let the numbers are x and 21-x. Then

Step 2
On adding two fractions on LHS

Step 3
630 = 7x (21 - x)

Step 4

7 x2 - 147 x + 630 = 0

Step 5

x2 - 21 x + 90 = 0

Step 6

x2 - 15 x - 6 x + 90 = 0

Step 7
x (x - 15) - 6 (x - 15) = 0

Step 8
(x - 15) (x - 6) = 0

Step 9
x = 15 or 6. Hence numbers are 15 and 6.

(4) 9

Step 1
1 + 3 + 5 + .... n terms = 81

Step 2
n(2 × 1 + 2(n - 1))/2 = 81 [Using AP summation Sn = n/2(2×1 + d(n - 1) )]

Step 3

n2 = 81

Step 4
n=9

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [4]

1
(5) 2 and
2

Step 1

On comparing the given equation with the general quadratic equation form a x 2 + b x + c = 0 , we
can say:
a = 2, b = -5 and c = 2

Step 2

Now the roots of the general quadratic equation a x 2 + b x + c = 0 can be calculated using the
quadratic formula as:
x=

Step 3
Let us substitute the values of a, b and c:

x=

x=

x=

1
x = 2 or
2

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [5]
(6) 40 km/hour and 42 km/hour

Step 1
Lets assume speed of trains are x and x+2 km/hour

Step 2
Distance covered by trains in 5 hours = 5x and 5(x+2)

Step 3
Since trains are going in perpendicular direction to each other, square of distance between trains
=
(5x)2 + [5(x+2)]2 = 2902

Step 4
Since trains are going in perpendicular direction to each other, square of distance between trains
=
x2 + (x+2)2 = 58 2

Step 5

2x2 + 4x - 3360 = 0

Step 6

x2 + 2x - 1680 = 0

Step 7
(x - 40) (x + 42) = 0

Step 8
x = 40 or -42. Since x cannot be negative x = 40

Step 9
Hence speeds are 40 and 42 km/hour

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [6]
(7) 6 and 43 years

Step 1

Let Carol's age be y and that of her daughter be x. According to the question, y = x 2 + 7.

Step 2
At present, Carol is y and Linda is x years old. Linda will grow old as her mother after y - x years.
So Carol's age at that time would be y + y - x = 2y - x.

Step 3
According to the question, 2y - x = 14x - 4
Or, 2y = 15x - 4

Step 4

Replacing y by x 2 + 7, we get 2x 2 + 14 = 15x - 4

Or, 2x2 - 15x + 18 = 0

Step 5

The above equation simplifies to give x = 6 and 1.5. If x = 1.5, Carol's age will become y = (1.5) 2 +
7, or 9.25 years, which is not possible. For x = 6, we get the age of Carol as y = (6) 2 + 7 = 43.

Step 6
Hence the present ages of Linda and Carol are 6 years and 43 years.

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [7]
(8) 6 sweets

Step 1
Let the number of sweets bought = x

Step 2
Price of one sweet = $ 24/x

Step 3
Price of one sweet, if 2 more items were bought = $ 24/(x + 2)

Step 4
Since difference in price is $1

Step 5

Step 6

24 × 2 = x 2 + 2x

Step 7

x2 + 2x - 48 = 0

Step 8

x2 + 8x - 6x - 48 = 0

Step 9
x (x + 8) - 6(x + 8) = 0

Step 10
(x - 6) (x + 8) = 0

Step 11
x = 6 or -8. Since number of sweets cannot be negative, x = 6

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [8]
(9) 2/3 or 3/2

Step 1
Let the number is x. Then

Step 2

Step 3

6 x2 + 6 = 13 x

Step 4

6 x2 - 13 x + 6 = 0

Step 5

6 x2 - 4 x - 9 x + 6 = 0

Step 6
2 x(3 x - 2) - 3 (3 x - 2) = 0

Step 7
(2 x - 3) (3 x - 2) = 0

Step 8
Hence x = 2/3, or 3/2

(10) 14

Step 1

It is given that, -5 is the root of the quadratic equation 2b 2 + kb + 20 = 0. Therefore equation 2b 2

+ kb + 20 = 0, should satisfy if we replace b by -5

Step 2

2b2 + kb + 20 = 0
⇒ 2(-5)2 + k(-5) + 20 = 0

Step 3
On solving above equation for k, we find that k = 14

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [9]
(11) and

Step 1

On comparing the quadratic equation = 0, with the standard form ax 2 + bx +

c = 0, we get:
a = 1,
b=- ,
c = 14

Step 2

D = b2 - 4ac
= (- )2 - 4(1)(14)
= 63 - 56
=7

Step 3
By using the quadratic formula, we get:
-b ∓ √D
b=
2a
∓
=
2×1
∴b= or

Step 4
Thus, the roots of the quadratic equation = 0, are and .

(12) 10

Step 1
3 + 5 + 7 + .... n terms = 120

Step 2
n(2 × 3 + 2(n - 1))/2 = 120 [Using AP summation Sn = n/2(2a + d(n - 1) )]

Step 3

n2 + 2n = 120

Step 4

n2 + 2n - 120 = 0

Step 5
(n - 10) (n + 12) = 0

Step 6
n = 10 or -12. Since n cannot be negative, n = 10

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [10]

-5 -1
(13) ,
2 2

(14) 44 days

Step 1
Lets assume original duration of vacation = x days

Step 2
Per day expense = 2640/x

Step 3
Per day expense if vacation is extended = 2640/(x + 4)

Step 4
Reduction in daily expense = $ 5

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

528 × 4 = x2 + 4x

Step 8

x2 + 4x - 2112 = 0

Step 9

x2 + 48x - 44x - 2112 = 0

Step 10
x (x + 48) - 44 (x + 48) = 0

Step 11
(x + 48) (x - 44) = 0

Step 12
x = -48 or 44. Since days cannot be negative, x = 44 days

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 ID : au-10-Quadratic-Equations [11]
(15) b. two distinct real roots

Step 1

Let's compare the equation -x2 + √8x + 2 = 0 with the quadratic equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0, we get,
a = -1,
b = √8,
c = 2.

Step 2

Now, D = b 2 - 4ac
= (√8)2 - 4(-1)(2)
=8+8
= 16
Since, D > 0, the equation -x2 + √8x + 2 = 0 has two distinct real roots.

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