NOT

English
Quarter 2 –Module 5 –Lesson 1

Inferring Meaning of Borrowed Words and

Content Specific Terms Using Context
Clues, Affixes, Roots and Other Strategies
(Literary
Terms)
 Lesson Infer Meaning of Borrowed Words and Content
Specific Terms Using Context clues, Affixes,
1 Roots and Other strategies (Literary terms)
.

What’s New
Activity 1: Read the article and be ready to answer the comprehension questions.

Literary Ingenuity

Perhaps one of the most revered and influential figures in Philippine history is Dr. Jose
Rizal, our National Hero.
He is a man with multiple profession. Aside from being an ophthalmologist, he was
also a literary genius.
Jose Rizal was a very prolific writer from a very young age, 7 years old, he wrote plays
which were staged during fiesta. At 8 years old, he wrote a poem “Sa Aking Mga
Kababata”. He wrote numerous poems, plays and other literary pieces when he was in
Ateneo and University of Santo Tomas.

Rizal was a leader in the Propaganda movement where he contributed numerous

articles to its newspaper, La Solidaridad.
He was identified as the great novelist as writing novels is one of his genres. While
in the propaganda movement he wrote the books- Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
novels which exposed the inequities of the Spanish friars and the colonial rule of Spain. He was
recognized as one of the most outstanding Propagandist due to the huge impact of his two
popular novels written for the development of Filipino consciousness. Jose Rizal was the
propaganda movement’s most brilliant figure and his writings awakened the spirit of nationalism
among the Filipinos during his time. His literary ingenuity and altruism have contributed a lot to
the freedom everyone is enjoying at present.

1. What is the title of the article?

2. What were the novels did Rizal write while in the propaganda movement?
3. Why did he write Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo?
4. Why was Rizal a literary genius?

5. How can we show our sense of patriotism?

What Is It

Let’s Study This

The words writer, play and novelist are just some literary terms in the article.
Try to guess the clues that will give the meaning of the word/s in bold-faced in the following
sentences.

1. The first issue of La Solidaridad came out on Feb. 15,1889.

It was in March 25, 1889 that Los Agricultoris Filipinos (The Filipino Farmers), Rizal’s
first article appeared in the publication.

2. If you want to enrich your vocabulary, scan and read interesting articles about self-
improvement, culture and social issues published in journals and magazines.

3. Nick Marquez Joaquin was a famous Filipino writer. His well-known literary pieces
include short stories, poems, and novels.

4. Jose Garcia Villa, a Filipino poet who presented a poetic style called “ comma poems”
where a comma is placed after every word of a poem- a piece of writing in which the
words are chosen for their beauty and sound are carefully arranged often in short line
which rhyme.

5. Francisco Baltazar, the Filipino William Shakespeare and a literary laureate was known
for his literary genre of writing poems in Tagalog instead of Spanish and
“Florante at Laura” was one of his best work.

Were you able to guess correctly the meaning of the highlighted words? How did you do it?
Remember that we can infer the meaning of unfamiliar words through context clues and
structural analysis.

1. Context clues are hints that the author gives. The clue may appear within the same
sentence as the word to which it refers, or it may follow in a preceding sentence.

Since most of your vocabulary is acquired through reading, it is necessary that you’ll
be able to recognize and take advantage of context clues to unlock the meaning of
difficult words.

Let’s recall the types of context clues.There are at least four kinds of context clues that
are quite common.

a. Synonym
A synonym, or word with the same meaning is used in the sentence.

Example:

Jose Rizal, our National Hero was highly intelligent. He is indeed famous in
literature. His collection of written works were poems, novels and plays.

b. Antonym

Sometimes a word or phrase is clarified by the presentation of the opposite

meaning somewhere close to its use. Look for signal words when applying
context clues.

Example:
 The villain of the story is a deceiver and usually hated by readers, while the
hero is loved and appreciated.

c. Explanation
The unknown word is explained within the sentence or in a sentence
immediately preceding.

Example:

Science fiction stories often called “sci-fi,” is a genre of fiction literature which
content is imaginative, but based on science.

d. Example
Specific examples are used to define the term.

Example:

Edgar Allan Poe invented the gothic literature. “The Black Cat,”“
Frankenstein” and “Walking Dead” belong to this category.

2. Structural Analysis is the process of breaking words down into their basic parts to
determine word meaning.

When using structural analysis the reader breaks down the word into its basic parts.

Prefixes - These word parts are located at the beginning of a word to change meaning.
Roots – It is the basic meaningful part of a word.

Suffixes – These are word parts attached to the end of a word; suffixes often alter the
part of speech of the word

Study the table below.

Affixes Meanings Examples

out away from Outlaw

Prefix before
fore three forerunner tri-
wrong
tri colon

mala malapropism

ness quality, condition goodness

Suffix
ic pertaining to poetic
ist novelist
one that makes a
thing
Study the following examples:

1. novelist
Root: novel
Suffix: ist
 Meaning: one that makes or writes novels

2. foresee
Root: see
Prefix: fore
Meaning: to see beforehand

3. symbolic
Root: symbol
Suffix: ic
Meaning: pertaining to symbols

4. outcast
Root: cast
Prefix: out
Meaning: one that is cast away from society

5. trimeter
Root: meter
Prefix: tri
Meaning: a line of verse with three metrical feet

What’s More
Task 1- Hinterrific Clues

Directions: Read the following sentences and define the bold-faced word based on the
context clue. Then identify the type of context clue (synonym, antonym,
definition/explanation, example) used.

1. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet evolved on the theme of young love doomed to
death. The central idea of the story is the intense love of young lovers which ended
up to their tragic death.

Meaning: _______________________
Type: ___________________________

2. Some authors used flashback, a literary device as means of adding background

information of present events to the story such as Homer’s Odyssey where
Odysseus tells his life story to the listeners.

Meaning: _______________________
Type: ___________________________

3. The character in a story does soliloquy – talking to oneself when he or she wants
to express his or her feelings and emotions.
 Meaning: _______________________
Type: ___________________________

4. We are the protagonist in our own life story. There are also some antagonists who
give us physical and mental discomfort which caused us suffering and pain.

Meaning: _______________________
Type: ___________________________

5. Visual imagery is in relation to painting, graphics, pictures and paintings.

Meaning: _______________________
Type: ___________________________

Task 2 Crack the Word

Directions: Study the table below. It gives you meaning and examples of some affixes. (Use
the Worksheets on page 15)
Affix Meaning Examples

dis opposite of, dislike

im not not not impartial

non down, away non-stop

de star detour

aster not asteroid

Prefix
un less, lower, unfair
beneath, below
under underwear
partner, together,
with
co same co-founder
homo
homonym
ism the belief in realism

ous full of, having religious

isk little asterisk

Suffix
ment act or state of, amendment
having to do with
ite dramatic

Break down the word into parts. Infer the meaning of each word. Write your answer on your
paper

1. Asterisk

Root: ____________________
Suffix: ___________________
Meaning: ________________
2. Immortal

Root: ____________________
Suffix: ___________________
Meaning: ________________

3. Dangerous

Root: ____________________
Suffix: ___________________
Meaning: ________________
4. Underground

Root: ____________________
Suffix: ___________________
Meaning: ________________

5. Hinduism

Root: ____________________
Suffix: ___________________
Meaning: ________________

What I Have Learned

 Structural Analysis is the process of breaking words down into their basic parts
to determine word meaning. When using structural analysis the reader breaks
down the word into its basic parts.
Prefixes -these are word parts located at the beginning of a word to change
meaning.

Roots - are the basic meaningful part of a word.

Suffixes - these word parts attached to the end of a word; suffixes often alter
the part of speech of the word.

What I Can Do
Directions: Read the sentences. Choose from the box the meaning of the
underlined word in the sentence. Write the letter of the correct answer in your paper.

1. Students’ verbal miscues and malapropism in English grammar and usage is

caused by their struggle to learn it as a second language.
2. I don’t like serious stories that make me cry; I prefer comedy that makes me
laugh.
3. Hissss, kokak and tweet are onomatopoeia.
4. Your feature article is cliche. Write something fresh and original.
5. A good Samaritan sent a huge amount of money to the cancer patient.
6. The novel’s climax was when the main character comes face to face with her
wicked stepmother.
7. One must be very careful with homophone because there are words that are
pronounced the same way but differ in meaning.
8. The urban legend of Maria Labo, an overseas Filipino worker who was believed
to be an “Aswang” who ate her own children is just a myth.
9. Antoinette Jadaone put on some interesting perspectives in her “ On the Wings
of Love”, an American dream drama.
10.Don’t copy the story in verbatim, you should paraphrase it.