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Maa SL 2.1-2.2 Lines - Quadratics

This document contains practice questions about lines and quadratics for the International Baccalaureate Mathematics: Analysis and Approaches SL curriculum. The first section provides three multiple part questions involving finding gradients, midpoints, distances, and coordinates of points on lines. The second section involves finding values of variables that satisfy specific conditions related to lines.

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Rahil Jadhani
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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
101 views26 pages

Maa SL 2.1-2.2 Lines - Quadratics

This document contains practice questions about lines and quadratics for the International Baccalaureate Mathematics: Analysis and Approaches SL curriculum. The first section provides three multiple part questions involving finding gradients, midpoints, distances, and coordinates of points on lines. The second section involves finding values of variables that satisfy specific conditions related to lines.

Uploaded by

Rahil Jadhani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE

Mathematics: analysis and approaches

MAA SL

EXERCISES MAA SL 2.1-2.2


LINES - QUADRATICS

Compiled by Christos Nikolaidis

LINES

A. Practice questions

1. [Maximum mark: 8] [without GDC]


Consider the points A(2,7), B(5,11)
(a) Find the gradient of the line (AB). [2]
(b) Write down the gradient of a perpendicular line to (AB). [1]
(c) Let M be the midpoint M of the line segment [AB]. Find the coordinates of M. [1]
(d) Find the distance between A and B (i.e. the length AB). [2]
(e) Find the coordinates of the point C if B is the midpoint of the line segment [AC]. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 1
MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

2. [Maximum mark: 8] [without GDC]


Consider the points A(3,5), B(a,1), C(7,-3) and D(d+10,d), where a, dR. Find the values
of a in each of the following cases:
(a) If the gradient of the line (AB) is 2. [2]
(b) If the midpoint of the line segment [AB] is M(7,3). [1]
(c) If B is the midpoint of the line segment [AC]. [1]
(d) If B is the midpoint of the line segment [AD]. [2]
(e) If the distance between A and B is 5. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 2


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

3. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


4
Let A(3k,4k) be a point of the line L with equation y  x , where k is an integer.
3
(a) Verify that the point A lies on the line L. [1]
(b) Find the possible values of k if the distance between the origin and A equals 10. [3]
(c) Write down the coordinates of the two points on the line L whose distance from
the origin is equal to 10. [2]

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4. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


Find the equation of the line passing through A(3,4) and B(5,7)
(a) expressed in the form y = mx+c. [3]
(b) expressed in the form ax+by = c, where a, b, c are integers. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 3


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

5. [Maximum mark: 8] [with / without GDC]


Consider the line L with equation y = 2x – 3.
(a) Find the line L1 which is parallel to L and passes through the point A(1,9). [2]
(b) Find the line L2 which is perpendicular to L and passes through the point A(1,9). [2]
(c) Find the coordinates of the intersection point B between L and L2. [2]
(d) Find the distance between the points A and B (and hence the distance between
the lines L and L1). [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 4


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

6. [Maximum mark: 8] [without GDC]


Consider the points A(2,5) and B(3,8).
(a) Find the gradient of the line L1 passing through A and B. [1]
(b) Find the equation of the line L1. [2]
(c) Find the line L2 which is perpendicular to L1 and passes through the point A. [2]
(d) Express both equations of L1 and L2 in the form ax+by = c , where a, b, c are
integers. [2]
(e) Write down the solution of the two simultaneous equations found in (d). [1]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 5


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

7. [Maximum mark: 8] [without GDC]


Consider the points A(-2,5) and B(4,9).
(a) Find the gradient of the line L passing through A and B. [1]
(b) Find the coordinates of the midpoint M between A and B. [1]
(c) Find the equation of the line which is perpendicular to L and passes through the
point M. [2]
(d) Find the distance between the points A and B. [2]
(e) Write down the distance between M and B, in the form a , where a  Z . [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 6


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

8. [Maximum mark: 7] [without GDC]


Consider the points A(2,-5), B(2,8), C(6,5) and D(-3,5).
(a) Find the equation of the line L1 passing through A and B. [1]
(b) Find the equation of the line L2 passing through C and D. [1]
(c) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection P between the lines L1 and L2. [1]
(d) Find the area of the triangle BPC. [2]
(e) Find the area of the triangle ABD. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 7


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

9. [Maximum mark: 7] [with / without GDC]


The following three lines l1, l2, and l3 are defined with equations
l1 : x  y  5 , l2 : x  2 y  8 , l3 : x  2
and are shown in the figure below.

(a) Find the coordinates of the common point A between the lines l1 and l2. [2]
(b) Write down the coordinates of the common point B between the lines l1 and l3 and
of the common point C between the lines l2 and l3. [2]
(c) Hence, find the area of the triangle ABC. [3]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 8


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

B. Past paper questions (SHORT)

10. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


The diagram below shows the line with equation 3x + 2y = 18. The points A and B are
the y and x-intercepts respectively. M is the midpoint of [AB].
y

A
3x + 2y =18

B
O x

Find the coordinates of (i) the point A; (ii) the point B; (iii) the point M.

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11. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


Consider the line L with equation y + 2x = 3. The line L1 is parallel to L and passes
through the point (6, –4).
(a) Find the gradient of L1. [1]
(b) Find the equation of L1 in the form y = mx + b. [3]
(c) Find the x-coordinate of the point where line L1 crosses the x-axis. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 9
MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

QUADRATICS

A. Practice questions

12. [Maximum mark: 21] [with GDC]


Complete the following table for the three quadratic functions below

f ( x)  2 x 2  12 x  10 f ( x)  2 x 2  12 x  18 f ( x)  2 x 2  12 x  23

Roots

Factorisation
(if possible)

axis of
symmetry

Vertex

Vertex form
f ( x)  a ( x  h) 2  k

Solve
f ( x)  0

Solve
f ( x)  0

Solve
f ( x)  0

Solve
f ( x)  0

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 10


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

B. Past paper questions (SHORT)

13. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


2
(a) Factorize x – 3x – 10. [2]
2
(b) Solve the equation x – 3x – 10 = 0. [2]

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14. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]


The diagram represents the graph of the function f : x ֏ (x – p)(x – q).
y

– 12 2 x

(a) Write down the values of p and q. [2]


(b) The function has a minimum value at the point C. Find the x-coordinate of C. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 11


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

15. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


The following diagram shows part of the graph of f, where f (x) = x2 − x − 2.

(a) Find both x-intercepts. [4]


(b) Find the x-coordinate of the vertex. [2]

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16. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]


The diagram shows the parabola y = (7 – x)(l + x). The points A, C are the x-intercepts
and the point B is the maximum point. Find the coordinates of A, B and C.
y

A 0 C x

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 12


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

17. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]


The diagram shows part of the graph with equation y = x2 + px + q. The graph cuts the
x-axis at –2 and 3.
y

x
–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4
–2

–4

–6

Find the value of (i) p; (ii) q.

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18. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]


The diagram shows the graph of the function y = ax2 + bx + c.
y

x
Expression positive negative zero
a
c
b2 – 4ac
b

Complete the table above to show whether each expression is positive, negative or
zero.

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 13


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

19. [Maximum mark: 7] [with / without GDC]


2
Let f (x) = 8x – 2x . Part of the graph of f is shown below.

(a) Find the x-intercepts of the graph. [4]


(b) (i) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry.
(ii) Find the y-coordinate of the vertex. [3]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 14


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

20. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


Let f (x) = p(x – q)(x – r). Part of the graph of f is shown below.

The graph passes through the points (–2, 0), (0, –4) and (4, 0).

(a) Write down the value of q and of r. [2]


(b) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry. [1]
(c) Find the value of p. [3]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 15


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

21. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


The quadratic equation 4x2 + 4kx + 9 = 0, k > 0 has exactly one solution for x.
Find the value of k.

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22. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


The equation kx2 + 3x + 1 = 0 has exactly one solution. Find the value of k.

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 16


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

23. [Maximum mark: 7] [without GDC]


The quadratic equation kx2 + (k – 3)x + 1 = 0 has two equal real roots.
(a) Find the possible values of k. [5]
2
(b) Write down the values of k for which x + (k – 3)x + k = 0 has two equal real roots. [2]

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24. [Maximum mark: 7] [with GDC]


2
Consider f(x) = 2kx – 4kx + 1, for k ≠ 0. The equation f(x) = 0 has two equal roots.
(a) Find the value of k. [5]
(b) The line y = p intersects the graph of f. Find all possible values of p. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 17


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

25. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


The equation x2 – 2kx + 1 = 0 has two distinct real roots. Find the set of all possible
values of k.

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26. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


A family of functions is given by
f (x) = x2 + 3x + k, where k  {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}.
Find the possible values of k if the curve of this function crosses the x-axis.

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 18
MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

27. [Maximum mark: 6] [with GDC]


Consider two different quadratic functions of the form f (x) = 4x2 − qx + 25. The graph of
each function has its vertex on the x-axis.
(a) Find both values of q. [3]
(b) For the greater value of q, solve f (x) = 0. [1]
(c) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the two graphs. [2]

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28. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


(a) Express f (x) = x2 – 6x + 14 in the form f (x) = (x – h)2 + k, where h and k are to be
determined. [2]
(b) Hence, or otherwise, write down the coordinates of the vertex of the parabola with
equation y = x2 – 6x + 14. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 19


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

29. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


Consider the function f (x) = 2x2 – 8x + 5.
(a) Express f (x) in the form a (x – p)2 + q, where a, p, q  . [4]
(b) Find the minimum value of f (x). [2]

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30. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


Let f (x) = a (x − 4)2 + 8.
(a) Write down the coordinates of the vertex of the curve of f. [2]
(b) Given that f (7) = −10, find the value of a. [2]
(c) Hence find the y-intercept of the curve of f. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 20


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

31. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


The diagram shows part of the graph of the curve y = a (x – h)2 + k, where a, h, k  .

20

15

10 P(5, 9)

0 x
1 2 3 4 5 6 .

(a) The vertex is at the point (3, 1). Write down the value of h and of k. [2]
(b) The point P (5, 9) is on the graph. Show that a = 2. [3]
(c) Hence show that the equation of the curve can be written as y = 2x2 – 12x + 19. [1]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 21


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

32. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


The function f (x) is defined as f (x) = –(x – h)2 + k. The diagram below shows part of the
graph of f (x). The maximum point on the curve is P (3, 2).
y
4
P(3, 2)
2

x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–2

–4

–6

–8

–10

–12

(a) Write down the value of (i) h ………. (ii) k. ……… [2]

(b) Write down the possible values of f (x) ……………… [2]


(c) Show that f (x) can be written as f (x) = –x2 + 6x – 7. [1]

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33. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


The diagram shows part of the graph of y = a (x – h)2 + k. The graph has its vertex at P,
and passes through the point A with coordinates (1, 0).
y

P
2

A
–1 0 1 x

(a) Write down the value of (i) h …….. (ii) k………. [3]
(b) Calculate the value of a. [3]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 22
MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

34. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


The following diagram shows part of the graph of a quadratic function, with equation in
the form y = (x − p)(x − q), where p, q  .

(a) (i) Write down the value of p and of q


(ii) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry of the curve [3]
(b) Find the equation of the function in the form y = (x − h)2 + k, where h, k  . [3]

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35. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


Part of the graph of the function y = d (x −m)2 + p is given in the diagram below.
The x-intercepts are (1, 0) and (5, 0). The vertex is V(m, 2).

(a) Write down the value of (i) m (ii) p [4]


(b) Find d. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 23


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

36. [Maximum mark: 8] [with / without GDC]


The equation of a curve may be written in the form y = a(x – p)(x – q). The curve
intersects the x-axis at A(–2, 0) and B(4, 0). The curve of y = f (x) is shown in the
diagram below.
y
4

A B
–4 –2 0 2 4 6x

–2

–4

–6
(a) Write down the value of p and of q. [2]
(b) Given that the point (6, 8) is on the curve, find the value of a. [2]
2
(c) Write the equation of the curve in the form y = ax + bx + c. [1]
(d) Write the equation of the curve in the form y = a (x − h)2 + k, where h, k  .. [3]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 24


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

37. [Maximum mark: 8] [without GDC]


The following diagram shows part of the graph of a quadratic function f.

The x-intercepts are at (–4, 0) and (6, 0) and the y-intercept is at (0, 240).
(a) Write down f (x) in the form f (x) = –10(x – p)(x – q). [2]
(b) Find another expression for f (x) in the form f (x) = –10(x – h)2 + k. [4]
(c) Show that f (x) can also be written in the form f (x) = 240 + 20x – 10x2. [2]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 25


MAA SL 2.1-2.2 LINES – QUADRATICS

38. [Maximum mark: 10] [with GDC]


Let f (x) = ax2 + bx + c where a, b and c are rational numbers.
(a) The point P(–4, 3) lies on the curve of f. Show that 16a –4b + c = 3. [2]
(b) The points Q(6, 3) and R(–2, –1) also lie on the curve of f. Write down two other
linear equations in a, b and c. [2]
(c) Hence find f (x). [3]
(d) Write f (x) in the form f (x) = a(x – h)2 + k, where a, h and k are rational numbers. [3]

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(MAA SL 2.1-2.2) – Page 26

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