GEOMETRY

QUESTION BANK
WITH
BASIC EXPLANATIONS OF Topics

PREPARED
BY

MUHAMMET ALİ BAHAR

ÖZDUMAN ÖZDUMAN
MATHEMATICS TEACHER COMPUTER PROGRAMMER
MARMARA UNIVERSITY DUMLUPINAR UNIVERSITY
 PREFACE

The aim of writing this book is to give a short review about geometry
in secondary schools, mostly recalling and reminding the information,
theorems and formulas in geometry and developing the abilities of students
between 7th and 11th classes.

In geometry lessons, the teachers always say “to see is more

important than to look” but in this book, we just try to give a short and
basic concept about geometry. If the students try to solve all the questions in
this book they may get the ability of finding and catching the angle of
vision. In each topic, there is a simple and complete presentation of all
geometry topics related with new curriculum. Especially the students in 11th
classes need a whole coverage, all the formulas, theorems and applications.

In the book, 65 tests are given and they are provided by specially
selected test problems and the book has a total number of 1076 test
questions. The tests are arranged in order, the difficulty levels from easier to
harder. We hope, this book will be useful and beneficial for the students
who will be the future of our world.
 CONTENT
1- ANGLES AND TRIANGLES
• ANGLES IN LINES ……………………………………………………………………………………. 7
• TESTS 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
• ANGLES IN TRIANGLES …………………………………………………………………………….. 16
• TESTS 1, 2, 3, 4 ………………………………………………………………………………………… 22
• TRIANGLE INEQUALITY ……………………………………………………………………………. 30
• TEST 1, 2 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
• METRIC RELATIONS IN RIGHT TRIANGLES …………………………………………………….. 35
• TESTS 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………… 37
• AREA OF TRIANGLES ……………………………………………………………………………….. 43
• TESTS 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………… 46
• SIMILARITY IN TRIANGLES ……………………………………………………………................... 52
• TESTS 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………… 57
• TRIGONOMETRY …………………………………………………………………………………….. 63
• TESTS 1, 2, 3, 4 ………………………………………………………………………………………… 66

2- POLYGONS AND QUADRILATERALS

• POLYGONS …………………………………………………………………………………................. 77
• TEST 1, 2 …………………………………………………………………………………….................. 79
• TRAPEZOID …………………………………………………………………………………………... 83
• TEST 1, 2 …………………………………………………………………………………….................. 85
• PARALLELOGRAM …………………………………………………………………………………... 89
• TEST 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 91
• RECTANGLE …………………………………………………………………………………………... 97
• TEST 1, 2 …………………………………………………………………………………….................. 99
• SQUARE ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 103
• TEST 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 105
• RHOMBUS …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 111
• TEST 1 ……………………………………………………………………………………...................... 113

3- CIRCLE
• ANGLES IN CIRCLES ………………………………………………………………………………… 117
• TEST 1, 2, 3, 4 ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 119
• LENGTH IN CIRCLES ………………………………………………………………………………… 127
• TEST 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 129
• AREA OF CIRCLE …………………………………………………………………………………….. 135
• TEST 1, 2, 3, 4 ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 138

4- ANALYTIC GEOMETRY
• POINT IN ANALYTIC PLANE ………………………………………………………………………. 149
• TEST 1, 2 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 151
• LINE IN ANALYTIC PLANE …………………………………………………………………………. 155
• TEST 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 160
• CIRCLE IN ANALYTIC PLANE ………………………………………………………………............ 166
• TEST 1, 2, 3 …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 170

5- VECTORS
• VECTORS IN PLANE …………………………………………………………………………………. 179
• TEST 1, 2 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 181
• VECTORS IN SPACE …………………………………………………………………………………. 185
• TEST 1, 2 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 189

6- SOLIDS
• SOLIDS ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 195
• PRISMS TEST 1, 2 …………………………………………………………………………………….. 199
• PYRAMIDS AND CONES TEST 1, 2 ….……………………………………………………………. 203
• CYLINDERS TEST 1, 2 ..……………………………………………………………………………… 207
• SPHERE TEST 1 ……………………….……………………………………………………………... 211

7- ANSWER KEY 213

 ANGLES
AND
TRIANGLES
• Angles in Lines
• Angles in Triangles
• Area of Triangles
• Similarity
• Metric Relations in Right Triangles
• Trigonometry
 ANGLES IN LINES

ANGLE:
1 Degree = 60 Minutes
In a plane, the union of two rays
1 Minute = 60 Seconds
with a common endpoint is called
an angle.

TYPES OF ANGLES
ADJACENT ANGLE:
1-ROUND ANGLE:
Two coplanar angles which have
a common vertex and a common An angle whose measure
side but have no common interior is 360 degrees is called
points are called adjacent angles. round angle.
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VERTICAL ANGLES:

In a plane, two angles are

2-REFLEX ANGLE:
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called vertical angles if

the sides of each angle An angle whose measure
are the extensions of the is between 180 and 360
sides of the other angles. degrees is called reflex
angle.

MEASURE OF AN ANGLE:

The measure of an angle AOB

is the number how many times 3-STRAIGHT ANGLE:
I I
it contains the angle A OB
which is selected as unity. An angle whose measure
is 180 degrees is called
The measure of the angle AOB
straight angle.
is shown as m(∠AOB) .

CONVERSION BETWEEN DEGREE,

RADIAN AND GRAD MEASURES: 4-OBTUSE ANGLE:

An angle whose measure

360 degrees = 2π radians = 400 grads is between 90 and 180
degrees is called obtuse
angle.
D R G
= =
180 π 200

NOTE:

7
 ANGLES IN LINES

5-RIGHT ANGLE:

An angle whose measure If the sum of the measures

is 90 degrees is called of two angles is 180 degrees
right angle. then we say these two
angles are supplementary
angles

6-ACUTE ANGLE:
m(∠AOC ) + m(∠BOC ) = 180 0
An angle whose measure
is between 0 and 90 degrees
is called acute angle.
ANGLES FORMED BY A TRANSVERSAL

If d 1 and d 2 are parallel and they are cut by a

transversal then;
ANGLE BISECTOR:

The bisector of an angle

is the line which the
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vertex of the angle and

separates the angle into
two congruent angles.
©

Ray OC is the bisector

of angle FOE

1- CORRESPONDING ANGLES:
1- If [OB] ⊥ [BA] and [OC ] ⊥ [CA] then AB = AC

If [OE ] ⊥ [ED] and [OF ] ⊥ [FD] then ED = DF

Angles; a1 and a 2 , b1 and b2 , c1 and c 2 , d 1 and d 2
are corresponding angles and corresponding angles are
equal.

2- If OB = OC then AB = AC

If OE = OF then ED = DF 2- ALTERNATE INTERIOR ANGLES:

Angles; c1 and a 2 , d 1 and b2 are alternate interior

COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES : angles and alternate interior angles are equal.

If the sum of the measures

of two angles is 90 degrees
then we say these two 3- ALTERNATE EXTERIOR ANGLES:
angles are complementary
angles
Angles; a1 and c 2 , b1 and d 2 are alternate exterior
angles and alternate exterior angles are equal.
m(∠AOC ) + m(∠BOC ) = 90 0
SUPPLEMENTARY ANGLES:
8
 ANGLES IN LINES

4- CONSECUTIVE INTERIOR ANGLES:

4- In the given figure if d 1
Angles; d1 and a 2 , c1 and b2 are consecutive and d 2 are parallel then;
interior angles and consecutive interior angles are
a+c=b
supplementary.

NOTE:

The angle bisectors of

the consecutive interior
angles are perpendicular
to each other.

SPECIAL CASES
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1- In the given figure if d 1

©

and d 2 are parallel then;

b=a+c

2- In the given figure if d 1

and d 2 are parallel then;

a + b + c = 360 0

3- In the given figure if d 1

and d 2 are parallel then;

a+c+e=x+ y

9
ANGLES IN LINES TEST 1

1. In the given figure 5. In the given figure

[AK ] //[CL], m(∠A) = 8 x , x // y // z then
m(∠C ) = 4 x , m(∠B ) = 132 0 find α in terms

find m(∠BCL ) .
of m and n.

m−n 2m − n
A) B) n−m C)
A) 44 B) 88 C) 126 D) 136 E) 144 2 2
D) m+n E) m−n

2. In the given figure

6. In the given figure
[AB] //[DE ] , m(∠BAC ) = 40 0 , x
m(∠CDE ) = 80 0 then
d1 // d 2 find .
4
find m(∠ACD ) .

A) 110 B 120 C) 140 D) 150 E) 160 A) 50 B) 45 C) 40 D) 20 E) 10

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3. In the given figure

7. In the given figure
d1 // d 2 m(∠BAC ) = 60 0 ,
d1 // d 2 , then find y in
m(∠EDC ) = 158 0 terms of x and z.
find x.

A) z - x B) x - z C) 180 - z - x
A) 42 B) 38 C) 36 D) 28 E) 24 D) 2x - z E) x+z

8. In the given figure

4. In the given figure
[AB] //[DE ] ,
d1 // d 2 find b in terms
m(∠CDE ) = 125 0
of a and c.
m(∠ABC ) = 100 0
then find x.
A) a +c B) a + c - 90 C) 2a +c
D) a + c - 180 E) 90 - a + c A) 30 B) 45 C) 55 D) 60 E) 75

10
Angles In Lines Test 1

9. In the given figure 13. In the given figure

[AB] //[DE ] , if d1 // d 2 find x.
m(∠CBA) = 130 0
m(∠DCB ) = 100 0 then
find m(∠EDC ) . A) 60 B) 54 C) 48 D) 58 E) 42

A) 30 B) 55 C) 45 D) 50 E) 60

14. In the given figure,

d1 // d 2 and [ AB ] // [CD ] .
10. In the given figure
[AB] //[DE ]
m(∠B) = 100 0 ,
m(∠DCB ) = 20 0
m(∠CAE ) = 20 0 ,
m(∠CBA) = 135 0
then find x. m(∠DCE ) = 40 0
then find m(∠CEA) .
A) 25 B) 65 C) 68 D) 75 E) 80
A) 10 B) 20 C) 30 D) 40 E) 50
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11. In the given figure

d1 // d 2 , find m + n . 15. In the given figure,
d1 // d 2 and m(∠A) = 5 x
m(∠C ) = 4 x + 20 0 then
a−b
A) 4(a + b ) B) C) a+b find m(∠COA) .
4
a+b 2a + b A) 100 B) 80 C) 60 D) 40 E) 20
D) E)
4 4

12. In the given figure

16. In the given figure,
[BF ] //[DE ] d1 // d 2 and m(∠A) = 7 a
m(∠EDC ) = 125 0 m(∠C ) = 180 0 + 3a
m(∠CBA) = 75 0 then m(∠B) = 360 0 − 8a
then find m(∠BAC ) . then find a.

A) 40 B) 45 C) 50 D) 60 E) 65 A) 20 B) 15 C) 18 D) 10 E) 8

11
ANGLES IN LINES TEST 2

1. In the given figure 5. In the given figure

[AB] //[DC ] [DE ] //[AB]
m(∠ABP ) = 40 0 m(∠EDC ) = 128 0
m(∠PCD ) = 30 0 m(∠CAB ) = 54 0
find m(∠BPC ) . find m(∠ACD ) .

A) 90 B) 110 C) 100 D) 80 E) 70 A) 116 B) 112 C) 110 D) 106 E) 102

2. In the given figure

[DE ] //[AB] 6. In the given figure
m(∠CDE ) = 100 0 [AC ] //[DF ] then find
m(∠CAB ) = 140 0 m(∠B) + m(∠K ) + m(∠E ) .
find m(∠DCF ) .

A) 40 B) 50 C) 60 D) 80 E) 70 A) 240 B) 360 C) 420 D) 720 E) 600

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3. In the given figure

[OX ] //[O' X '] ,
[OY ] //[O' Y ']
7. In the given figure
[BT ] //[AE ]
[OZ ] //[O' Z '] and 3 ⋅ m(∠CBD ) = m(∠TBA )
( )
m ∠O I OY = 1280 2 ⋅ m(∠BAE ) = m(∠DBT )
find ( )
m ∠OO I Y I . find m(∠CBD ) . E

A) 25 B) 35 C) 27 D) 52 E) 72
A) 15 B) 18 C) 20 D) 25 E)30

4. In the given figure

[BC ] //[DF ] //[AE ] 8. In the given figure
m(∠ABC ) = 60 0 d1 // d 2 , m(∠A) = 30 0 ,
m(∠BAD ) = 20 0 m(∠E ) = 70 0 find
then find m(∠ADF ) . m(∠CDB ) .

A) 100 B) 110 C) 120 D) 130 E) 140 A) 30 B) 40 C) 140 D) 150 E) 90

12
Angles In Lines Test 2

9. In the given figure 13. In the given figure

[AB] //[CD] and find the relationship

m(∠BAE ) = 3.m(∠DCE )
among a, b and c,
if d1 // d 2 .
then find m(∠AEC) .

A) 90 B) 100 C) 110 D) 120 E) 130 A) a + b + c = 180 B) a+c=b C) a−b=c

D) a + b + c = 360 E) a+b=c

10. In the given figure

d1 // d 2 , m(∠C ) = 112 0 14. In the given figure,

m(∠B ) = 78 0 then
d1 // d 2 and
find x.
m(∠A) = 8 x ,
m(∠B ) = 4 x then
m(∠C ) = 2 x then find x.
A) 68 B) 54 C) 48 D) 42 E) 34

A) 18 B) 36 C) 54 D) 72 E) 108
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©

11. In the given figure

15. The difference of two supplementary angles is 500,
d1 // d 2 , m(ABC) = 80 0
m(∠BCD ) = m(∠DCE )
then find the ratio of these angles.

m(∠BAD ) = m(∠DAF )
then find m(∠ADC) .
13 5 19 10 8
A) B) C) D) E)
23 23 23 23 23

A) 120 B) 130 C) 140 D) 150 E) 160

16. In the given figure,

12. In the given figure d1 // d 2 and
[AB] //[EF ], m(∠A) = 120 0 ,
m(∠D ) = 20 0 m(∠B ) = 80 0 then
m(∠A) = 30 0 m(∠C ) = 30 0 then
find m(∠ACD) . find α.

A) 25 B) 35 C) 45 D) 50 E) 60 A) 250 B) 260 C) 270 D) 280 E) 290

13
ANGLES IN LINES TEST 3

1. 10 more than the half of the supplement of an angle is 5. In the given figure,
5 more than the three times of its complement. What is [BA] // [DE] , m(∠ABC ) = 50°,
the measure of this angle? and m(∠BCD) = 15°.
What is the measure of
the angle CDE?
A) 50 B) 60 C) 70 D) 80 E) 85

A) 150 B) 145 C) 135 D) 130 E) 125

2. If the measure of the complementary angle of an angle

1
x is equal to of the measure of its supplementary
6. In the figure, [OD] ⊥ [AB] ,
7
angle, what is the measure of angle x?
[ ] [ ]
OC and OK , are the
bisectors of angles AOD
A) 80 B) 75 C) 70 D) 60 E) 55
and COB, respectively.
What is the measure of
the angle DOK?
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A) 15° B) 20° C) 22.5° D) 30° E) 37.5°

3. Given that [AB] // [CD ] ,

©

[FE] ⊥ [AC] and

[FH ] ⊥ [AB] . What is
the relation between
x and y ? 7. If the ratio of the measures of the complementary and
1
the supplementary of an angle is , then find this angle.
y 6
A) x = 2y B) x= C) 2x = 3y
2
A) 85 B) 72 C) 68 D) 54 E) 48
3x
D) x=y E) y=
2

8. In the figure,
[BA] // [DE] ,
4. In the given figure,
m(∠CDE ) = 40 0 ,
m // n , m(∠BAC ) = 40 0
m(∠BCD) = 60 .0 .
m(∠BCE ) = 50 0 find
What is the measure of
m(∠ACD) = x. the angle ABC?

A) 70 B) 80 C) 90 D) 110 E) 120 A) 100 B) 105 C) 110 D) 120 E) 140

14
Angles In Lines Test 3

9. In the given figure, 13. In the given figure,

m(∠COD) = 45 . 0 d1 ⊥ d 2 and d3 ⊥ d 4
What is the measure If 2 x − y = 80° , then
of m(∠BOE ) ? what is the value of x.

A) 90 B) 115 C) 125 D) 130 E) 135 A) 80 B) 75 C) 72 D) 70 E) 60

14. In the given figure,

10. In the given figure, [AB] ⊥ [BD] and
d1 and d 2 are not [AC]//[DE ] . What
parallel. Which one is the measure of d
of the followings in terms of a and c ?
is certainly not true ?

A) a−c B) 180 − c C) 2c − a
A) c = e B) b > d C) d + e = 180
D) c − 2a E) 180 − (c − a)
D) a=c E) c > 180 − b
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©

15. In the given figure,

11. In the given figure, [ ] [ ]
BD and BE are
[AB] // [CD], a = 2 . angle bisectors of
b 3 ∠FBC and ∠ABC
What is the measure respectively. What
of the angle BAE ? is the value of x ?

A) 60 B) 66 C) 72 D) 80 E) 82 A) 35 B) 40 C) 50 D) 60 E) 80

12. In the given figure, 16. In the given figure,

d1 // d 2 what is the [AB] // [CD]. m(∠BEC ) = 110 0
value of x in terms
of a and b ? and m(∠BAK ) = 25 0 . If
m(∠ECK ) = m(∠KCD) ,
find the value of angle α .
A) a+b B) 180 − (a + b) C) a−b
D) 180 − (a − b) E) 360 − (a + b) A) 60 B) 72 C) 80 D) 82 E) 90

15
 ANGLES in triangles

TRIANGLE:
A- MEDIAN:
A triangle is the union set of line
[ ] [ ]
segments AB , BC and In a triangle, the line
segment whose endpoints
[ ]
AC determined by any are a vertex and the midpoint
set of three points A, B, C of the opposite side is called
the median of the triangle.
not on the same line.

* In the given triangle, BD = BC then the median

AD belongs to side BC .
* The length of the sides [AB] , [BC ] and [AC ] are
* Because of BC = a , the length of the median AD is
generally shown as AB , BC and AC respectively.
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shown by Va .

* The median which belongs to side AC is shown by Vb

©

* AB = c . BC = a and AC = b are sides of triangle and the median which belongs to side AB is shown by
ABC. Vc .

PROPERTIES OF MEDIAN
* The set of points in the region bounded by sides [AB] ,
[ ] [ ]
BC and AC of a triangle ABC is called the interior 1- In a triangle, the medians
region of the triangle. intersect at a point which is
called center of gravity
shown by G.

* The set of points which are neither in the interior of a 2- The relationship between
triangle nor on the sides of the triangle is called the lengths from center of gravity
exterior region of the triangle. G to the vertices and sides
is as follows,

2 1
* GA = Va , GD = Va and GA = 2. GD
3 3
* ∠BAC , ∠ABC and ∠ACB are interior angles of the
triangle ABC.
2 1
* GB = Vb , GE = Vb and GB = 2. GE
3 3

* ∠ACE , ∠FAB and ∠DBC are exterior angles of the 2 1

triangle ABC. * GC = Vc , GF = Vc and GC = 2. GF
3 3

AUXILIARY ELEMENTS OF A TRIANGLE

16
 ANGLES IN TRIANGLE

3- The length from center of gravity G to the vertices is 2 C- ANGLE BISECTOR

units and to the sides is 1 unit. GD = 1 unit, GA = 2 units
An angle bisector of a triangle is a line segment that
bisects one of the angles of a triangle. Its endpoints are on
1
4- In the any triangle , GP = Va . the vertices and on the sides
6

5- In a triangle, the line segment which joins the midpoints

of two sides is parallel to the third side and also half of the
third side.

BC
* If [FE ] //[BC ] and then FE =
2
AB
* If [ED] //[AB] and then ED =
2

* If [FD] //[AC ] and then FD =

AC * AD = n A is the angle bisector which belongs to angle
2 A.
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B-ALTITUDE (HEIGHT) * BE = n B is the angle bisector which belongs to angle

B.
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An altitude is a segment
from a vertex that is
* CF = nC is the angle bisector which belongs to angle
perpendicular to the
opposite side or to the C.
line containing the
opposite line.

PROPERTIES OF ANGLE BISECTOR

* The intersection of altitudes is a point and this point is
called orthocenter.
1- The intersection point of angle bisectors is incenter of
the triangle, it is the center of inscribed circle of the
* AH = ha is the height which belongs to side a triangle.

* BE = hb is the height which belongs to side b

* CD = hc is the height which belongs to side c 2- In the given figure,

BO and CO are
angle bisectors, then

m(∠A)
m(∠BOC ) = 90 0 +
2

17
 ANGLES IN TRIANGLE

3- In the given figure, BK 2- [ AN ] is exterior angle

is interior angle bisector bisector of angle ∠A and
and CK is exterior then the following equality
angle bisector, then holds

m(∠A) NB AB
m(∠BKC ) = =
2 NC AC

4- In the given figure, BD

3- In the given figure, if
and CK are exterior
angle bisectors, then
[AN ] is angle bisector,
[ND] ⊥ [AB] and
m(∠A) [NE ] ⊥ [AC ] then,
m(∠BDC ) = 90 0 −
2 ND = NE
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5- In the given figure, [ AH ]

[AN ]
©

is an altitude and
is angle bisector.
RELATIONS AMONG ANGLES OF A
TRIANGLE

m (∠B ) − m (∠C )
m(∠HAN ) =
2

ANGLE BISECTOR THEOREM

1- The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a

1- [AN ] is angle bisector o
triangle is equal to 180 .
of angle ∠A and then
the following equality holds
* m(∠A) + m(∠B ) + m(∠C ) = 180 o
NB AB
= * x + y + z = 180 o
NC AC

18
 ANGLES IN TRIANGLE

2- The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is equal TYPES OF TRIANGLES

to the sum of the measures of the two nonadjacent interior
angles.
A- TRIANGLES W.R.T. THEIR SIDES

* x/ = y + z ,
1- SCALENE TRIANGLE
* y/ = x + z ,

* z/ = x + y . The triangle whose lengths

of three sides are different
from each other is called
a≠b,
scalene triangle.
a ≠ c and b ≠ c .

3- The measure of an exterior angle and an interior angle

of a triangle at the same vertex is equal to 180o.

* x / + x = 180 o 2- ISOSCELES TRIANGLE

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* y + y = 180
/ o

The triangle whose any two

* z + z = 180
/ o sides are congruent to each
©

other is called isosceles

triangle.

a) AB = AC ,

4- The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a

o
triangle is equal to 180 .
b) m(∠B) = m(∠C )

x / + y / + z / = 360 o
c) The height which belongs to side BC , divides the base

BC into two equal parts. BH = HC

5- In the given figure,

d) The height which belongs to side BC , divides the
m(∠A) = x , m(∠B ) = y
angle m(∠A) into two equal parts.
and m(∠C ) = z then
m(∠BAH ) = m(∠CAH )
m(∠BDC ) = x + y + z

e) Vb = Vc > hb = hc ; n B = nC

19
 ANGLES IN TRIANGLE

f) In the given figure, if c) The heights which belongs to a side, divides that side

AB = AC and [AD ] into two equal parts.

is exterior angle bisector AD = DC = CH = BH = BE = EA

then [AD] //[BC ]

d) The height which belongs to a side, divides the angle

lie on the vertex into two equal parts.

g) In the given figure, AB = AC

m(∠BAH ) = m(∠CAH ) = 30 o
and if a point P taken on the

line[BC ] satisfies [PD] //[AB] m(∠ABD) = m(∠CBD) = 30 o

and [PE ] // [ AC ] , then m(∠ACE ) = m(∠BCE ) = 30 o

PD + PE = b = c

e) n A = n B = nC , Va = Vb = Vc and ha = hb = hc
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h) In the given figure, AB = AC

and if a point P taken on the f) In the given figure,
©

line[BC ] satisfies [PD] ⊥ [AC ] AB = AC = BC and

and [PE ] ⊥ [ AB ] , then if a point P taken inside
the triangle satisfies
PD + PE = hb = hc
[PD] //[BC ] , [PE ] //[AC ]
and [PF ] // [ AB ] , then

PD + PE + PF = a

3- EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE

The triangle which has

three congruent sides g) In the given figure,
is called equilateral
AB = AC = BC and
triangle.
if a point P taken inside
the triangle satisfies
a) AB = AC = BC ,
[PD] ⊥ [BC ] , [PE ] ⊥ [AC ]
and [PF ] ⊥ [ AB ] , then
b) m(∠A) = m(∠B) = m(∠C ) = 60 o
PD + PE + PF = h

20
 ANGLES IN TRIANGLE

B- TRIANGLES W.R.T. THEIR ANGLES b) The area of a right

triangle is the product
of the length of the
1- ACUTE TRIANGLE
right legs.
A triangle which has three acute
angle is called acute triangle. b ⋅ c a ⋅ ha
A( ABC ) = =
m(∠A) < 90 o , m(∠B) < 90 o 2 2

and m(∠C ) < 90 o .

2- OBTUSE TRIANGLE c) In a right triangle, the product of the right legs is equal to
the product of the hypotenuse and the height which
A triangle which has one obtuse belongs to the hypotenuse.
angle is called obtuse

triangle. m(∠A) > 90 o , b ⋅ c = a ⋅ ha

m(∠B) < 90 o ,
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m(∠C ) < 90 o .
©

d) In a right triangle, if
3- RIGHT TRIANGLE
AB = AC then ABC
A triangle which has one
is called an isosceles right
right angle is called right
triangle.
triangle, m(∠B) = 90 o

m(∠A) < 90 o and

m(∠C ) < 90 o .

e) In a right triangle, if
a) In a right triangle, the
length of median which m(∠B ) = 90 o ,
belongs to hypotenuse
m(∠A) = 60 o ,
is half of the length of
hypotenuse. m(∠C ) = 30 o
AC
BC then; AB =
AD = Va = 2
2
AC ⋅ 3
AD = BD = DC and BC =
2

21
ANGLES IN TRIANGLE TEST 1

1. In the given figure 5. In the given figure

AB = AC , BD = DC m(∠BAC ) = 60 0
and m( ABD ) = x , x + y = 136 0 , find y .
then find m(BCD )
in terms of x.

A) 46 B) 60 C) 78 D) 98 E) 104
A) 90 − 2 x B) 2 x − 90 C) 90 + 2 x
D) 180 − 2 x E) 45-x

6. In the given figure

[ ]
BD and CE [ ]
are angle bisector.
2. In the given figure ( )
Find m ∠BIC in
m(∠C ) = m(∠E ) = m(∠F ) = a terms of m(∠A) .
m(∠A) = 4a , m(∠B ) = 2a
find m (BDC) .
180 0 + m(∠A) m(∠A) 90 0 − m(∠A)
A) B) C)
2 2 2
m(∠A) − 90 0
m(∠A) − 90 0
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A) 120 B) 140 C) 150 D) 160 E) 170 D) E)

2
©

7. In the given figure, [BD]

3. In the given figure
[ ]
and CD are angle bisectors
x + y = 100 0 , of angle B and C respectively.
m(∠A) = 35 0 If a = b + 30 0 then find a.
then find m(C )
A) 35 B) 45 C) 60 D) 75 E) 80

A) 55 B) 60 C) 65 D) 90 E) 95

8. In the given figure

[ ]
BK is angle bisector of B,
4. In the given figure [CK ] is angle bisector of C,
[ ]
if OB is angle bisector then find m(∠A) in terms
find x in terms of y and z. of m(∠K) .

y−z m(∠K )
A) z+y B) C) z−y A)
2
⋅ m(∠K ) B) C) 2m (∠K )
2 3 2
y+z
D) E) 2z + y D) 3m(∠K ) E)
3
m(∠K )
2 4

22
Angles in Triangle Test 1

9. In the given figure 13. In the given figure

[ ]
AH is altitude and AB = AD ,
[AN ] is angle bisector. find m(∠DBC )
Find x in terms of m(∠B )
and m(∠C ) .
B−C B+C A B
A) B) C) D) B−C E)
m (B ) 2 2 2 2
A) m(B ) − m(C ) B) m(B ) + m(C ) C) + m(C )
2
m(B ) − m(C ) m(B ) + m(C )
D) E)
2 2

14. In the given triangle

AB = BC , [AD]
10. In the given figure
[ ]
BD and CD [ ] is angle bisector,

exterior angle bisector.

m(∠ADC ) = 96 0
( )
Find m ∠D in terms find m(∠B ) .

of m(∠A) .
A) 36 B) 54 C) 68 D) 72 E) 96

m( A) m( A ) 90 + m( A)
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A) 90 − B) C)
2 2 2
180 − m(∠A)
D) E) 90 − m(∠A)
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15. In the given figure

AB = AC ,
11. In the given triangle ABC,
BC = DC
m(∠P) = 50 0 and
m(∠BAC ) = 38 0
m(∠ABP) = m(∠PCB ) = a
find x .
then find m(∠B ) .

A) 66 B) 58 C) 44 D) 38 E) 33
A) 50 B) 60 C) 70 D) 100 E) 130

12. In the given triangle ABC, 16. In the given figure

[ ] [ ]
DC ⊥ AB and AC ⊥ BE . [ ] [ ] AB = AD
If m(∠BAС ) = 75 0 and m(∠BAD ) = 50 0
m(∠СBE ) = 45 0 then find m(∠DCA) = 35 0
m(∠BСС ) = x . find n .

A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 45 E) 60 A) 15 B) 30 C) 40 D) 45 E) 50

23
ANGLES IN TRIANGLES TEST 2

1. In the given figure 5. ABC is an isosceles triangle

[AB] ⊥ [DE ] BC = BD = DA
m(∠EBD ) = 37 0 AB = AC
AE = EB find find m(∠ACB ) .
m(∠BDC ) .

A) 36 B) 54 C) 72 D) 90 E) 108
A) 56 B) 64 C) 74 D) 78 E) 86

2. In the given figure

ABC is an equilateral
6. In the given figure
[ ]
triangle BD is angle
BF = BD , EC = DC
BE = EC
m(∠FDE ) = 50 0 then
bisector and
m(∠DEC ) .
find m(∠BAC ) .
find

A) 45 B) 50 C) 60 D) 70 E) 75
A) 50 B) 60 C) 70 D) 80 E) 90
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©

3. In the given figure

AB = AC , [ AB ] // [CD ] 7. In the given figure
and [BD] is angle bisector [AD] is angle bisector
if x, y ∈ N , find the m(∠B ) − m(∠C ) = 20 0
possible maximum then find m(∠BDA) .
value of x.

A) 55 B) 65 C) 75 D) 80 E) 85
A) 45 B) 44,75 C) 44 D) 43 E) 42

4. In the triangle ABC, [AD ]

is angle bisector and
m(∠ADC ) = 90 0
8. In the given
m(∠ABC ) = 35 0 triangle ABC

m(∠DCB ) = 20 0 x + y + z = 240 0 ,
then find α. find m(∠A) .

A) 25 B) 30 C) 35 D) 55 E) 65 A) 30 B) 35 C) 40 D) 45 E) 50

24
Angles in Triangles Test 2

9. In the given figure, ABC 13. In the given isosceles

is an equilateral triangle and triangle ABC, AB = AC
AP = PC then m(∠B ) = m(∠C ) = 24 0
find m(∠PBC ) . find m(∠DAE ) .

A) 10 B) 15 C) 30 D) 45 E) 60 A) 44 B) 40 C) 36 D) 35 E) 30

14. In the given figure

10. In the given triangle ABC
m(∠ABD ) = 7 0 ,
m(∠A) = 20 0 , m(∠CED ) = 10 0
and [BE ] is angle bisector. m(∠BDC ) = 35 0
BE = ED , find m(∠ACB ) .
and ABC is an isosceles
If
triangle AB = AC
then find m(∠BCA) .
A) 55 B) 60 C) 65 D) 70 E) 75

A) 74 B) 75 C) 76 D) 77 E) 78
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©

11. In the given figure, AC = BC ,

15. ABC is an isosceles
m(∠DAС ) = 15 0 and triangle AB = AC and
m(∠ADB) = 45 0 then find [BD] is angle bisector
m(∠BAD) .
m(∠BDA) = 120 0
A) 60 B) 50 C) 45 D) 30 E) 15 find m(∠BAC ) .

A) 12 B) 20 C) 25 D) 30 E) 35

12. In the given triangle ABC,

AB = AD , m(∠ABC ) = 100 0
16. In the given figure
and m(∠CBD ) = a then m(∠BDC ) = 125 0 and
find m(∠A) in terms of a.
m(∠DBC ) = m(∠DCA) = x
find m(∠ACB ) .
A) 100 − 2a B) 2a − 10 C) 2a − 20
D) a + 10 E) 100 − α A) 35 B) 45 C) 55 D) 60 E) 65

25
ANGLES IN TRIANGLES TEST 3

1. In the given figure 5. In the given figure

m(∠BDC ) = 100 , 0
m(∠BAD ) = 10 0 and
m(∠A) = m(∠B ) = m(∠C ) m(∠DCB ) = 15 0
find m(∠BAC ) . [AB] ⊥ [BC ] find x .

A) 45 B) 40 C) 36 D) 30 E) 24 A) 100 B) 115 C) 120 D) 125 E) 130

2. In the given figure 6. In the given figure

ED = DC and m(∠A) = 90 0 and
[AB] //[DC ] , then BF = FD and
find m(∠A) . DC = EC find
m(∠FDE ) .
A) 45 B) 60 C) 75 D) 80 E) 85
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A) 70 B) 80 C) 90 D) 100 E) 105
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3. In the given figure

7. In the given figure
x + y = 124 0
BC = BD find x .
m(∠ABE ) = y + 50 0
m(∠ACF ) = y + 26 0
then find x .
A)
a−b B) 90 − (a + b ) C) 90 +
2a + b
2 2
a+b
D) 90 − ⎛⎜ a + b ⎞⎟
A) 36 B) 48 C) 64 D) 68 E) 76
E) 90 +
⎝ 2⎠ 2

4. In the given figure [BD]

and [CD] are angle bisector 8. In the given figure
of m(∠B ) and m(∠C ) m(∠BAD ) = 35 0 and
respectively m(∠A) = 40 ,
0
m(∠CAE ) = 25 0 then
a − b = 10 0 find m(∠BEC ) find m(∠BAC )

A) 80 B) 90 C) 100 D) 110 E) 120 A) 75 B) 60 C) 55 D) 45 E) 40

26
Angles in Triangle Test 3

9. In the given figure [AH ] is 13. In the given figure

altitude and [AD] is angle ABC is an equilateral

triangle BE = ED
bisector, if m(∠HAD ) = 20
0
m(∠BED ) = 115 0
and m(∠B ) = 2m(∠C )
find m(∠AFD ) .
then find m(∠B ) .

A) 82,5 B) 87,5 C) 92,5 D) 95 E) 97.5

A) 40 B) 60 C) 80 D) 90 E) 100

14. In the given figure

10. In the given figure
AB = AD ,
BA = BC , m(∠CAD ) = 25 0
m(∠B ) = 90 0 ,
m(∠ADE ) = 145 0
then m(∠ABC ) . m(∠C ) = 15 0
m(∠DBC ) = m(∠DAC )
find m(∠BAD ) .
A) 45 B) 50 C) 60 D) 65 E) 70
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A) 30 B) 40 C) 45 D) 50 E) 55
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11. In the given figure

m(∠ABC ) = m(∠ACD )
15. ABC is an isosceles triangle
m(∠ABC ) = 90 0 , BC = BD = DA
m(∠BDC ) = 90 , 0
AB = AC
m(∠BAC ) = 70 then0
find m(∠ACB ) .
find m(∠ABD)

A) 36 B) 54 C) 72 D) 90 E) 108
A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 40 E) 45

12. In the given triangle [BH ] 16. In the given figure

is angle bisector and BF = BD , EC = DC

AH = HC , m(∠B ) = 3x , m(∠FDE ) = 50 0 , then
m(∠C ) = x , then find m(∠A) . find m(∠BAC ) .

A) 30 B) 36 C) 48 D) 60 E) 72 A) 50 B) 60 C) 70 D) 80 E) 90

27
ANGLES IN TRIANGLE TEST 4

1. In the given triangle 5. In the given triangle

m(∠BAC ) − m(∠ACB ) = 60 0 [BE ] ⊥ [AC ]
x + y = 270 and
0 [DC ] ⊥ [AB]
then find m(∠ACB ) . find the relationship
between x and y.

A) 30 B) 60 C) 70 D) 72 E) 75
A) x + y = 180 B) x =y C) x + y = 90
D) 2 x + y = 90 E) 2 x − y = 180

2. In the given isosceles

triangle AB = AC ,
6. In the given isosceles
triangle AB = AC ,
BC = CD
m(∠BAC ) = 50 0
if

m(∠ACD ) = 21 0
m(∠FDB ) = 25 0
find m(∠A) .
then find m(∠FEC ) .
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A) 36 B) 42 C) 46 D) 48 E) 54
A) 110 B) 120 C) 130 D) 140 E) 150
©

7. In the given figure

3. In the given figure [BE ] ⊥ [AC ] , [DC ] ⊥ [AB]
m(∠BDC ) = 164 , 0
m(∠BAC ) = α
m(∠BAC ) = 96 0 , then find m(∠BHC ) .

m(∠DCA) = 27 0 ,
find x . α
A) 180 − α B) 90 + α C) 180 −
2
α
A) 39 B) 41 C) 46 D) 53 E) 49 D) 90 + E) 90 + 2α
2

8. In the given triangle

4. In the given figure ADC is an isosceles
m(∠ABD ) = m(∠DCB ) AB = AC and
triangle
and m(∠BDC ) = 120 0 , AD = DC then
find m(∠B ) . find m(∠EDC ) .

A) 60 B) 55 C) 45 D) 37 E) 30 A) 35 B) 40 C) 45 D) 50 E) 52.5

28
Angles in Triangle Test 4

9. In the given figure 13. In the given figure

AB = AC , m(∠A) = 60 0 and
BD = DC and b = 20 find m(∠ACB ) .
m(∠A) = 50 0 , m(∠B ) = 30 0
then find m(∠BDC ) . A) 100 B) 90 C) 80 D) 75 E) 60

A) 100 B) 110 C) 120 D) 130 E) 140

14. In the given figure

AB = AC and DBF
10. In the given figure
AB = AC , m(∠A) = 70 0 ,
is an isosceles triangle
m(∠FEC ) = 150 0 ,
m(∠ABD ) = m(∠DCB )
DB = DF
then find m(∠BDC ) .
if
find m(∠BDF ) .
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A) 100 B) 105 C) 115 D) 125 E) 130

A) 44 B) 40 C) 38 D) 36 E) 32
©

11. In the given figure if 15. In the given triangle,

AD is angle bisector m(∠BAС ) = 84 0 and
m(∠DBE ) = 115 0 5 ⋅ m(∠B ) = 3 ⋅ m(∠С ) ,
then find m(∠ABС ) = x .
m(∠GCH ) = 25 0
then find α.
A) 90 B) 70 C) 45 D) 36 E) 30

A) 70 B) 60 C) 55 D) 50 E) 45

16. In the given triangle, [ AN ]

12. In the given figure is angle bisector and AN = NC .
AB = BC Ifm(∠СBE ) = 35 and 0

find m(∠BCA) . [AC ] //[BE ] then find x.

A) 45 B) 50 C) 60 D) 70 E) 85 A) 75 B) 60 C) 55 D) 45 E) 30

29
 Triangle inequality

RELATIONS AMONG THE SIDES AND THE are not congruent, the sides
ANGLES OF A TRIANGLE opposite these angles are also
not congruent and the side
opposite the larger angle is
1- The sum of the lengths of longer than the side opposite
two sides of a triangle is the smaller angle.
greater than the length
of the third side.
m(∠A) > m(∠B) > m(∠C ) ⇒ a > b > c
a+b>c, b+c>a
and a + c > b

6- If two sides of a triangle

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are congruent, the angles

2- The difference between
opposite these sides are also
the lengths of two sides of
congruent.
a triangle is less than
©

the length of the third side.

b = c ⇒ m(∠B) = m(∠C )
a−c <b, b−c <a
and a−b <c
7- If two angles of a triangle
are congruent, the sides
opposite these angles are also
3- If the first and the second properties are joined, we get
congruent.

b−c <a<b+c
m(∠B) = m(∠C ) ⇒ b = c
a−c <b<a+c
a−b <c<a+b
8- In a scalene triangle ABC, ha < n A < V a ,
hb < n B < Vb and hc < nC < Vc
4- If two sides of a triangle
are not congruent, the angles
opposite these sides are also
not congruent and the angle
9- In an equilateral triangle ABC, ha = n A = V a ,
opposite the longer side is hb = n B = Vb and hc = nC = Vc
larger than the angle
opposite the shorter side.
10- In a scalene triangle ABC,
a > b > c ⇒ m(∠A) > m(∠B ) > m(∠C ) a > b > c ⇒ ha < hb < hc

5- If two angles of a triangle

30
TRIANGLE INEQUALITY TEST 1

1. In the given figure, 5. In the given figure,

AD = 7 cm , DC = 9 cm m(∠DAC ) = 50 0 ,
AB = 5 cm, BC = 6 cm m(∠CAB ) = 40 0 ,
what is the maximum m(∠ACB ) = 30 0 ,
possible integer value
m(∠ABC ) = 110 0 ,
of side AC ?
m(∠ADC ) = 100 0
which side is the longest side ?
A) 9 B) 10 C) 11 D) 14 E) 15
A) a B) b C) e D) d E) c

6. In the given figure,

2. In the given figure, m(∠ADC ) = 100 0 ,
AC = 8 cm, BC = 2 cm, m(∠DAC ) = 50 0 ,
( )
if m ∠ABC is an obtuse m(∠CAB ) = 50 0 ,
m(∠ACB ) = 70 0 ,
angle what can x be?
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which side is the longest side?

A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
©

A) a B) b C) c D) d E) e

3. In the given figure, 7. In the given figure,

AB = 5 cm, BC = 9 cm m(∠ADB ) = 53 0 ,
( )
if m ∠B > 90 then
0
m(∠BAD ) = 65 0 ,
find the possible m(∠BDC ) = 45 0 ,
AC .
m(∠BDC ) = 57 0 ,
value of

which side is the longest side ?

A) 8 B) 9 C) 13 D) 14 E) 15
A) b B) d C) e D) c E) a

8. In the given figure,

4. In the given figure, every
AD = 6 cm, DC = 6 cm
triangle is equilateral
triangle and AB = 7 cm AB = 4 cm, BC = 5 cm
then find the sum of what is the possible
perimeters of triangles. value of AC ?

A) 21 B) 18 C) 16 D) 14 E) 12 A) 12 B) 11 C) 10 D) 9 E) 8

31
Triangle Inequality Test 1

9. In the given figure, 13. In the given figure,

m(∠DAB) = 120 0 , m(∠A) > m(∠B ) and
perimeter of ABC is
m(∠DBC ) = 40 0 , +
23 cm and a., b, c ∈ Z
m(∠ABD) = 28 0 , then find the maximum
m(∠DCB) = 57 0 , value of BC .
which side is
the longest side? A) 10 B) 11 C) 12 D) 13 E) 14

A) BD B) AB C) BC D) DC E) AD

14. The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 37 cm. Find

the smallest possible value of one equal side of triangle.
10. In the given figure,
if AC = 8 cm then what A) 15 B) 14 C) 13 D) 12 E) 11
is the maximum
integer value of
a+b+c+d ?
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A) 15 B) 16 C) 17 D) 18 E) 19
15. In the given figure,
©

m(∠DEB) = 610 ,
m(∠DBE ) = 62 0 ,
m(∠AEB) = 59 0 ,
11. In the given figure, m(∠ABE ) = 60 0 ,
AB = 3 cm, AD = 4 cm, m(∠BCD) = 95 0 .
which of the following Find the longest side
can not be CD ? in the figure.

A) EA B) EB C) BD D) ED E) BC
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

12. How many of the following triangles can be drawn?

16. In the given figure,
I. a = 4, b = 4, c = 4 AB = 5 cm, BC = 4 cm,

II. a = 5, b = 4, c = 3 DC = 3 cm, AD = 9 cm.

Then find the sum of the
III. a = 5, b = 3, c = 2 possible integer value

IV. a = 4, b = 5, c = 9 of side AC .

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 A) 13 B) 15 C) 17 D) 21 E) 24

32
TRIANGLE INEQUALITY TEST 2

1. In the given figure, 5. In the given figure,

AB = 9 cm, BC = 12 cm DC = 5 cm, BC = 6 cm
AD = 8 cm, DC = 17 cm AD = 4 cm, AB = 9 cm
then find α . what is the possible
value of length BD ?

A) 30 B) 60 C) 75 D) 80 E) 90
A) 4 B) 7 C) 11 D) 12 E) 13

2. In the given figure, 6. For the triangle ABC,

AD = 3 cm, DB = 5 cm m(∠ABD ) = 70 0
DB = 4 cm, what is m(∠DAC ) = 30 0
the maximum value m(∠ACD ) = 40 0
of perimeter of ABC?
which of the following
relationship is true?
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A) 24 B) 21 C) 20 D) 18 E) 19

A) BD = AD B) AB = BD C) BD < AD
©

D) AB < BD E) BD < AC

3. In the given figure,

m(∠ADB ) = 60 0
m(∠DBA) = 57 0 7. In the given figure each

m(∠BDC ) = 58 0
triangle is equilateral
triangle and AB = 9 cm
m(∠DBC ) = 62 0 then find the sum of
which side is the perimeters of the triangles.
longest side?

A) a B) b C) c D) d E) e A) 18 B) 20 C) 21 D) 24 E) 27

8. In the given figure

4. In the given right triangle

AB = 5 cm, BC = 4 cm
m(∠BAH ) = 30 and 0 CD = 8 cm, DA = 6 cm
BC = 6 cm then find AB . what is the possible
value of AC + BD ?

A) 3 B) 3.5 C) 4 D) 5 E) 4.5
A) 6 B) 7 C) 9 D) 15 E) 21

33
Triangle Inequality Test 2

9. In the given figure, 13. ABC is a triangle and

DC = 5 cm, CB = 8 cm m(∠ABC ) = α
DA = 7 cm, AB = 11 cm AB = 6 cm, BC = 5 3 cm
and α > 30 then find
which of the following 0

about BD is true? the minimum possible

integer value of AC .
A) 3 < BD < 18 B) 4 < BD < 18 C) 4 < BD < 13
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
D) 3 < BD < 13 E) 4 < BD < 19

14. ABC is a triangle,

AC = 5 cm, BC = 9 cm,
10. In the given figure ABC
m(∠BAC ) > m(∠ACB)
is right triangle AD = DC , What is the maximum
BD = 3 cm, m(∠ADC ) = 30 0 possible integer value of
perimeter of triangle ABC?
then find DC .
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A) 18 B) 19 C) 20 D) 21 E) 22
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
©

15. a, b and c are the lengths of a triangle then which of

the following is true.
11. In a triangle the sum of lengths of any two sides are
33 cm, 38 cm and 45 cm respectively. Find the shortest
A) c<a+b B) a−c>b C) a−b>c
side of this triangle.
D) a+c<b E) c−b>a

A) 16 B) 15 C) 14 D) 13 E) 12

16. In the given figure ABC

is a triangle and BC = 16 cm.
AC 3
12. ABC is a triangle and If = then what is the
AB 5
BD = DC . If AB = 3 cm
possible values of side AC ?
and AC = 13 cm then find
possible value of AD .
A) 2 < AC < 8 B) 6 < AC < 24 C) 6 < AC < 12

D) 4 < AC < 16 E) 12 < AC < 24

A) 8 B) 7 C) 6 D) 5 E) 4

34
 METRIC RELATIONS IN
RIGHT TRIANGLES

THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM

1- In a right triangle, the

square of the length of
the hypotenuse is equal to
the sum of the squares of
C- m(∠A) > 90 o ⇔ a 2 > b 2 + c 2
the lengths of the legs.

m(∠B) = 90 o ⇒ a 2 + c 2 = b 2
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3- In a triangle, half the

square of the length of
©

one side plus two times

the square of the length
2- In a triangle, if the of the median to that side
square of the length of equals the sum of the
the hypotenuse is equal squares of the lengths
to the sum of the squares of the other sides.
of the lengths of the legs
then the triangle is a
right triangle. a2
+ 2 ⋅ Va = b 2 + c 2
2
a 2 + c 2 = b 2 ⇒ m(∠B ) = 90 o

THE SPECIAL RIGHT TRIANGLES

CONCLUSION
1- In a triangle ABC, for
In a triangle ABC, any positive integer k, If
AB = 3k , BC = 4k
A- m(∠A) = 90 o ⇔ a 2 = b 2 + c 2 and the hypotenuse
AC = 5k then m(∠B ) = 90 o

B- m(∠A) < 90 o ⇔ a 2 < b 2 + c 2

35
 METRIC RELATIONS IN RIGHT TRIANGLES

2- In a triangle ABC, for

m(∠B ) = 90 o m(∠A) = 60 o
any positive integer k, If
AB = 5k , BC = 12k andm(∠C ) = 30 o then;
and the hypotenuse AC
AB = and
AC = 13k then 2
m(∠B) = 90 o AC ⋅ 3
BC =
2

EUCLIDIAN THEOREMS

3- In a triangle ABC, for

any positive integer k, If
AB = 8k , BC = 15k
and the hypotenuse
AC = 17 k then
m(∠B) = 90 o
KATEV

In the given triangle ABC, BC = a , AC = b , AB = c ,

AH = h , BH = p and CH = k .
©

4- GENERAL THEOREM

A- EUCLID’S HEIGHT RELATIONS

In a triangle ABC, for any

positive odd integer k, If 1- h2 = p ⋅ k
n −1
2
AB = n , BC =
2 2- b⋅c = h⋅a
and the hypotenuse
n2 + 1 1 1 1
AC = then 3- 2
= 2 + 2
2 h b c
m(∠B) = 90 o

B- EUCLID’S SIDE RELATIONS

1- b2 = k ⋅ a

5- In a right triangle, if 2- c2 = p ⋅ a
AB = AC then
ABC is called an b2 k
isosceles right triangle.
3- =
c2 p

6- In a right triangle, if

36
METRIC RELATIONS IN RIGHT TRIANGLES TEST 1

1. In the given figure, 5. In the given trapezoid

m(∠A) = 90 , [AH ] ⊥ [BC ]
0
AB = 9 cm, BC = 5 cm,
if h = 2 cm then find CD = 4 cm and DA = 2 5 cm,
p2 + k 2 . then find the height of trapezoid.

A) c2 p + a B) a2 − 8 C) c2 + p2 3
A) 2 B) 5 C) D) 2 2 E) 4
2
D) b + c + 18
2 2
E) c −b +4
2 2

6. ABC is a right triangle

AC = 5 cm, CH = 3 cm
2. ABCD is a rectangle
AC = 16cm , DH = 5cm [AH ] ⊥ [CH ] , m(∠A) = 90 0
find A( ABC )
[AC ] ⊥ [DH ] then
find A( ABCD ) .
KATEV

50 25 100
A) 25 B) C) D) E) 45
A) 40 B) 60 C) 80 D) 100 E) 110 3 3 3
©

7. In the given right triangle

3. ABCD is a square and [AH ] ⊥ [BC ] , m(∠A) = 90 0
AC = 4 2 cm,
HC = 6 cm, AC = 10 cm
[AC ] ⊥ [CE ] find AB .
then find BE .

A) 2 B) 2 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 4 2 32 50 40
A) B) 23 C) D) 20 E)
3 3 3

4. In the given isosceles 8. In the given figure ABC

trapezoid AB = 10 cm and is a right triangle and

AD = DC = CB = 6 cm AB = 10 cm and perimeter
then find the height of that triangle is 30 cm. Find
of trapezoid. the hypotenuse of ABC.

25
A) 4 2 B) 34 C) 2 17 D) 4 3 E) 6 A) 20 B) 17 C) 15 D) E) 13
2

37
Metric Relations In Right Triangles Test 1

9. Perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 48 cm. If its height 13. In the given right triangle
is 12 cm, find one of equal sides of isosceles triangle. ABC, m(∠A) = 90 0 , [CD ]
is median. AC = 8 cm,
A) 12 B) 13 C) 15 D) 17 E) 18
AB = x, BC = 2 x − 2
then find A(CDB ) .

A) 6 B) 10 C) 12 D) 16 E) 18

10. ABCD is a square,

PBKE is a rectangle and
E ∈ AC , AD = 3 cm and
14. In the given triangle
EK = x , EP = 2x,
[ ] [ ]
ABC AD ⊥ BC ,
then find x.
[DE ] ⊥ [AC ] , DC = 4 cm,

A) 2.5 B) 1.5 C) 1.25 D) 1 E) 2 CE = 2 cm, find AB .

KATEV

A) 6 B) 8 3 C) 8 2 D) 12 E) 10
©

11. In the given figure

perimeter of triangle 15. ABC is an equilateral
ADE and perimeter triangle. BD = 2 cm and
of rectangle ABCD
are equal for the DC = 4 cm then find
given things find the length of AD .
the value of x?

A) 1 B) 1.5 C) 2 D) 2.5 E) 3 A) 24 B) 26 C) 27 D) 28 E) 29

16. ABC and AHP are

12. ABCD is a right trapezoid equilateral triangles.
[EF ] ⊥ [CD], AE = EB , [AH ] ⊥ [BC ] .
AB = 4 cm, BC = 5 cm If AB = 4 cm
AD = 2 cm, find EF . then find AE .

A) 3.6 B) 3.5 C) 3.2 D) 3 E) 2.8 A) 1 B) 2 C) 2 D) 3 E) 3

38
METRIC RELATIONS IN RIGHT TRIANGLES TEST 2

1. In the given quadrilateral 5. ABC is triangle, m(∠A) = 45 0

AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm,
m(∠BHC ) = 90 0
m(∠D ) = m(∠B ) = 90 0
AB = AC = 6 2 cm
DC = 3 x , find AD .
find A( ABC ) .

10 10
A) B) 10 C) 2 10 D) 3 10 E) A) 12 2 B) 15 2 C) 18 2 D) 30 2 E) 36 2
3 2

2. ABC triangle AC = 7 cm
AD = 5 cm, DC = 3 cm 6. ABC is a triangle AB = 8 cm,

m(∠B ) = 90 0 , find BD . BC = 5 cm, AC = 12 cm

m(∠H ) = 90 0 , find BH .
KATEV

A) 2.5 B) 3 C) 3.5 D) 4 E) 2 6
A) 7.5 B) 5.5 C) 4.8 D) 3.6 E) 3.2
©

3. ABC triangle m(∠A) = 90 0 ,

7. In the given quadrilateral
m(∠C ) = 45 0 , BC = 8 cm
AD = 5 cm, BD = 7 cm,
m(∠D ) = m(∠B ) = 90 0
then find AC .

then find DC − AB .
A) 3 B) 4 C) 4 2 D) 5 E) 6

A) 10 B) 8 C) 30 D) 5 E) 2 6

4. ABC is a isosceles
triangle m(∠BAD ) = 90 , 8. In the given figure
AB = AC = 6 cm AB = 1 cm, BC = 4 cm,
HC = 2 cm, then m(∠B ) = m(∠C ) = 90 0
find AD . DC = 3 cm, find AD .

A) 6 2 B) 8 2 C) 10 2 D) 12 2 E) 9 2 A) 17 B) 5 C) 4 2 D) 6 2 E) 5.5

39
Metric Relations In Right Triangles Test 2

9. ABC is a triangle 13. ABC is an equilateral

m(∠A) = 90 0 , [AH ] ⊥ [BC ] , triangle. [AH ] ⊥ [BD]
AB = 8 cm, AC = 15 cm, and AC = CD = 4 cm
then find BH . If AD = 8 3 cm
then find AH .
7 8 15 64 32
A) B) C) D) E)
17 17 17 17 17 A) 3 B) 2 3 C) 3 3 D) 4 3 E) 5 5

10. ABC is a triangle 14. ABC is an isosceles

m(∠AHC ) = 90 0 [ ] [
triangle. AB ⊥ HC ]
AB = 8 cm, AC = 12 cm and AB = AC = 2 cm.
BC = 10 cm, then m(∠BAC ) = 30 0 then
find AH . find BH .
KATEV

A) 65 B) 2 7 C) 3 7 D) 3 E) 4
A) 3 − 1 B) 3 + 1 C) 3+2 D) 2− 3 E) 1
©

15. In the given triangle,

11. ABC triangle m(∠B ) = 90 0
m(∠BAC ) = 105 0 and
m(∠C ) = 15 , AB = 6 3 cm
0
m(∠ABC ) = 30 0 . If
then find BC .
AC = 2 2 cm then
find BC .
A) 18 + 12 3 B) 6 3 C) 6+3 3 D) 6 E) 5
A) 1+ 3 B) 3 −1 C) 2 +1
D) 2 3−2 E) 2+2 3

12. ABC is a right triangle 16. In the given triangle,

m(∠B ) = 45 , m(∠ADC ) = 60 ,
0 0
[AH ] ⊥ [BC ] , BH = 4 cm,
m(∠C ) = 90 0 , DC = 2 3 cm HC = 12 cm, AC = 13 cm
then find BD . then find AB .

A) 6 − 3 B) 6 − 2 3 B) 3 2 D) 2 2 E) 2 3 A) 5 B) 13 C) 41 D) 17 E) 51

40
METRIC RELATIONS IN RIGHT TRIANGLES TEST 3

1. In the given figure 5. BAC is a right triangle

there are 63 right m(∠A) = 90 0 ,
m(∠D ) = 120 0 ,
triangles, if the one
right side is always 1 cm.
Find the hypotenuse of AD = 6 cm, BD = DC
rd
63 triangle. then find BC .

A) 3 7 B) 8 C) 8 D) 6 2 E) 7 A) 12 3 B) 12 2 C) 18 2 D) 18 3 E) 15 2

2. ABCD is a square
BD = BE and 6. BAC is a right triangle
AB = a find DE . m(∠A) = m(∠AHC ) = 90 0
m(∠B ) = 30 0 , AC = 4 cm,
find AB .
a 3 a2 2 a 2+ 2
KATEV

A) B) C)

D) a 2 E) a 4+2 2 A) 8 B) 6 2 C) 6 D) 4 3 E) 3 3
©

3. ABCD is a parallelogram
[ ] [ ]
AE and BE are angle 7. In the given triangle
m(∠A) = 90 0 , [AH ] ⊥ [BC ] ,
bisectors of A and B
AE = 12 cm, BE = 5 cm
AC = 15 cm, HC = 9 cm
find EH .
then find AB .
13 13 60
A) B) C) D) 2.4 E) 4
5 12 13
A) 20 B) 16 C) 14 D) 12 E) 9

4. In the given figure

m(∠A) = m(∠B ) = 90 0 , 8. ABC is an isosceles
m(∠C ) = 60 0 , triangle, AB = AC = 25 cm
DE = 6 cm, BC = 4 cm, BC = 30 cm, [ AH ] ⊥ [BC ]
find AB . find AH .

A) 3 3 B) 4 3 C) 6 3 D) 7 3 E) 8 3 A) 15 B) 20 C) 23 D) 25 E) 30

41
Metric Relations In Right Triangles Test 3

9. In the given figure 13. In the given triangle [AH ]

[AB] ⊥ [AC ], AH = 8 cm, [AD] is median
is altitude,
[AH ] ⊥ [BC ] , HC = 4 cm of side [BC ] , BH = 45 cm,
then find BH . HC = 80 cm
find AB .

A) 8 B) 12 C) 16 D) 32 E) 24
A) 65 B) 75 C) 85 D) 90 E) 95

14. ABC is an equilateral

[ ] [ ]
triangle. AD ⊥ BC ,
10. y>0, 2 y + 1 , 3 y + 1 , 4 y + 1 are the sides of a right [DE ] ⊥ [AC ] and
angled- triangle. Find the hypotenuse of this triangle.
FE
[EF ] ⊥ [AD] . Find
BC
A) 12 B) 2 5 C) 5 D) 10 E) 15
KATEV

1 1 1 5 3
A) B) C) D) E)
8 4 2 8 8
©

11. ABCD is a trapezoid

m(∠A) = 120 0 15. ABC is an equilateral
[ ] [ ]
triangle. DF ⊥ AC and
DA = AB = BC = 4 cm
find A( ABCD ) .
[DE ] ⊥ [BC ] . DE = 2 3 cm
and DF = 3 cm, then
find DC .
A) 30 B) 24 3 C) 20 3 D) 16 3 E) 12 3

A) 7 B) 2 7 C) 3 7 D) 4 7 E) 5 7

12. ABCD is a right trapezoid,

[DT ] ⊥ [AC ] , DC = 6 cm,
16. In the given triangle,
AB = AC = 5 cm,
BC = 5 cm, then find DT .
BD = 6 cm, DC = 2 cm.
Find AD .

30 11 11 13 11
A) B) C) D) E) A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 6 E) 13
13 13 30 30 18

42
 Area of Triangles

1. The area of a right 5. The area of a triangle

triangle is one half the whose inscribed circle
product of the lengths has a radius r is “u.r”
of its legs where u is its
semi perimeter
b⋅c
A( ABD) = A( BCD ) = A( ABC ) = u ⋅ r
2

6. The area of a triangle

equals half the product
2. The area of a triangle
KATEV

of lengths of two sides

is one half the product and sine of the angle
of the length of a base formed by these
and the length of the sides
©

altitude to that base

1
a ⋅ ha A( ABC ) = ⋅ b ⋅ c ⋅ sin A
A( ABC ) = 2
2

7. The area of a triangle with side

lengths a, b and c and R where the
radius of its circumscribed
3. The area of an equilateral circle is,
triangle with side of length a
abc
units is one fourth the product A( ABC ) = .
4R
of the square of a and 3.
2
a 3
That is; A=
4
8. The area of a triangle with side
lengths a, b, c and radii of its
escribed circles ra, rb, rc is

A = ra ⋅ (u − a )
4. Heron’s Formula: The area of a triangle with sides of A = rb ⋅ (u − b )
lengths a, b, c is; A = u ⋅ (u − a) ⋅ (u − b) ⋅ (u − c) A = rc ⋅ (u − c ) where;
1 1
where, u= (a + b + c) u = (a + b + c)
2 2

43
 AREA OF TRIANGLE

CONCLUSION 3. The ratio of the areas

1- For a triangle with sides a, b, c and the respective of triangles with equal
altitudes ha, hb, hc, we can write altitudes is equal to the ratio
of their corresponding
a ⋅ ha = b ⋅ hb = c ⋅ hc bases.
A( ABD) m
=
A( ADC ) n

2- In a right triangle ABC with

m(∠A) = 90 o the [ AH ] ⊥ [BC ] 4. The ratio of the areas
product of the lengths of two triangles formed
of the legs equals the by the bisector of the angle
product of the lengths between the two sides of
of the hypotenuse and a triangle is equal to the
its corresponding altitude. ratio of the lengths of
That is; these sides.
A( ABN ) AB
AB ⋅ AC = BC ⋅ AH =
A( ANC ) AC
KATEV

3- If the radii of the inscribed and escribed circles of a

triangle are respectively r, ra, rb and rc, then
©

5. In a triangle ABC, if r is the radius of its inscribed circle

A( ABC ) = r ⋅ ra ⋅ rb ⋅ rc and ra, rb, rc are the radii of its escribed circles, then
1 1 1 1
= + +
r ra rb rc

A- PROPERTIES RELATED TO AREA OF

TRIANGLES
6. For a triangle ABC, if r is the radius of its inscribed
circle and ha, hb, hc are respectively the lengths of
altitudes to the sides a, b, c, then the following equality
1. Triangles with equal
1 1 1 1
bases and equal altitudes holds = + +
are equal in area r ha hb hc

A( ABC ) = A( DBC )

B- CONCLUSIONS ABOUT AREA OF

TRIANGLES
2. A median of a triangle
separates the triangle into
1. The ratio of areas of the triangle
two triangular regions which
and the trapezoid which are
have the same area
formed by any midsegment
A( ABD) = A( ADC ) of a triangle is
1
3

44
 AREA OF TRIANGLE

2. The three midsegments 7. For the given figure;

of a triangle divide it into
A( DEF ) x ⋅ m ⋅ p + y ⋅ n ⋅ k
four triangles having =
equal areas A( ABC ) a ⋅b⋅c

3. The three medians of a

triangle divide it into
six triangles having
equal areas 8. For the given figure;
[ ] [ ]
AN , BK and CP [ ]
are the respective angle
bisectors of angles A, B
and C. Then;

2⋅ a ⋅b ⋅c
KATEV

4. In the given figure A( PNK )

=
AD = DB and A( ABC ) (a + b) ⋅ (b + c) ⋅ (a + c)
AE = EC then
©

A( ABC )
A( DGE ) =
12

9. For the given figure; P is

any point inside triangle
ABC. Provided that
[ ]
d1 // BC , d 2 // AB [ ]
d 3 // [ AC ] .
5. If each of two sides of a triangle
are divided into equal parts and And
endpoints of the corresponding It follows;
parts of these sides are joined,
then the areas of the formed
trapezoid are directly
proportional with consecutive A( ABC ) = A( KLP ) + A( PNM ) + A(TPS )
odd numbers beginning
with one. (1, 3, 5, 7, ….)

6. For given figure

AD = x, AE = y ,
AB = c, AC = b it
A( ADE ) x ⋅ y
follows =
A( ABC ) b ⋅ c

45
AREA OF TRIANGLES TEST 1

1. In the given figure G is 5. In the given triangle

the intersection of medians. ABC, G is the gravity of
BD = DE = EF = FC (
mass. A ABC = 126 cm2 )
and A(BDG ) = 3 cm2 and find A(BGC )
then find A( ABC ) .
A) 63 B) 54 C) 42 D) 39 E) 33

A) 3 3 B) 4 3 C) 6 3 D) 12 3 E) 8 3

6. ABC is right triangle

2. In the given figure
[AD] is angle bisector
BD = 3 ⋅ EC , if
BD = 4 cm, AC = 12 cm
A( ABE ) = 22 + A( ADC )
find the shaded area?
find A( AEC ) .

A) 36 B) 24 C) 20 D) 18 E) 16
A) 9 B) 11 C) 13 D) 17 E) 15
KATEV
©

3. ABC is isosceles
7. In the given figure
triangle AB = AC ,
AB = 5 cm, AC = 4 cm
AK = KL = LM = MC
m(∠CAB ) = 30 0 find
[AD] ⊥ [BC ] and the area of triangle ABC.
A(DLM ) 1
find . (sin 30 o = )
A( ABC ) 2

1 1 1 1 1 A) 5 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 20
A) B) C) D) E)
5 6 8 12 10

4. In the given triangle ABC 8. In the given figure ABC is

[ ]
side AB divided into 3
isosceles triangle m(∠A) = 30 0
equal parts and side BC [ ] and AC = 12 cm, [DF ] ⊥ [AB ] ,
is divided 4 equal parts
if A( ABC ) = 120 cm2 [DE ] ⊥ [AC ] find
find A(DEF ) .
1
DE + DF . (sin 30 o = )
2
A) 40 B) 35 C) 30 D) 24 E) 20 A) 12 B) 10 C) 8 D) 6 E) 4

46
Area Of Triangles Test 1

9. In the given figure 13. In the given triangle,

BD = 3 ⋅ DC and 1
EF = FB , CE = ⋅ BC ,
AE = 2 ⋅ EC then 5
1
A( ABC ) AD = ⋅ AB , then
find . 4
A(DEC )
A( ABC )
find .
A( DEF )
A) 12 B) 10 C) 8 D) 6 E) 4
3 10 5 3
A) B) C) D) E) 1
5 3 3 10

10. In the given figure 14. In the given figure,

AD = 3 ⋅ BD and A( ABD) = 15 cm2 and
AE = EC find [ BC ] is angle bisector.
A(EDC ) AB = 3 cm, BC = 8 cm
.
A( ABC ) then find A(CBD) .
KATEV

1 3 3 3 1 A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 35 E) 40
A) B) C) D) E)
4 7 4 8 2
©

15. ABC is a triangle.

m(∠A) = 90 o
[BC ] ⊥ [AH ] .
11. In the given figure A( ABH ) = 4 cm2
[AD] //[CB] and and A( AHC ) = 16 cm
2

A(BCD ) = 15 cm 2
then find BC .
then find A( ABC ) .
A) 2 B) 5 C) 8 D) 10 E) 16
A) 30 B) 25 C) 22,5 D) 20 E) 15

16. In the given triangle,

EC = BD = 1 cm
and DC = AE = 3 cm.
12. In the given figure
If AF = 2 cm, FB = 4 cm
BD = DE = EF = FC
A( DEF )
ifA( ABC ) = 92 cm2 then find .
A( ABC )
then find A( AFC ) .

19 19 19 19 1
A) B) C) D) E)
A) 17 B) 23 C) 31 D) 38 E) 40 128 64 32 16 2

47
AREA OF TRIANGLES TEST 2

1. In the given figure 5. In the given figure

BD =
BC
, then
[AD] angle bisector,
5 AB = 6 cm, AC = 10 cm,
A( ADC ) A( ADC ) = 60 cm2
find .
A( ABC )
find A( ABC ) .

1 4 4 2 A) 96 B) 108 C) 112 D) 120 E) 130

A) B) C) 4 D) E)
4 5 9 3

2. If G is intersection of medians 6. ABC triangle and

and A( BCG ) = 30 cm2. [AD] is angle bisector
and m(∠ABC ) = 90
o
Find the shaded area of
triangle ABC. b + c = 24 cm, BD = 5 cm
A( ABC ) .
KATEV

find
A) 45 B) 50 C) 60 D) 75 E) 80

A) 24 B) 48 C) 60 D) 72 E) 78
©

3. In the given figure G is

the gravity of mass and
BK = KL = LM = MN = NC 7. Area of isosceles right triangle is 36 cm2 find the
if A(BGK ) = 3 cm2 hypotenuse of this triangle.

find A( ABC ) .
A) 12 B) 17 C) 72 D) 308 E) 15

A) 24 B) 30 C) 42 D) 45 E) 48

4. In triangle ABC 8. In the given figure

BC = 10 cm
[BK ] is angle bisector.
DH = 3 cm and
[AB] ⊥ [AC ], AK = 3 cm
shaded area is 20 cm2
BC = 8 cm, then
then find AD . find A(KBC ) .

A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 8 A) 12 B) 16 C) 20 D) 24 E) 30

48
Area Of Triangles Test 2

9. In the given figure 13. In the given figure, [BN ]

BK = KC , is angle bisector and [AD] is
m(∠KHC ) = 90 o
median of side [BC ] . If
A( ABC ) = 120 cm2 m(∠A) = 90 and o

and AC = 24 cm AN = ND = 2 cm.
then find KH . then find A( ABC ) .

A) 3 B) 5 C) 7 D) 8 E) 10 A) 3 B) 2 3 C) 3 3 D) 4 3 E) 8 3

10. In the given figure

A( ABC ) 7
= , 14. In the given triangle,
A( ABD ) 3 [BA] ⊥ [FC ] , [BC ] ⊥ [FD]
BD
find . and AB = AC .If
DC
ED = 2 cm and BC = 6 cm
then find A( BDF ) .
KATEV

3 7 3 4 1
A) B) C) D) E)
7 3 4 7 2 A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 12
©

11. In the given figure

AD = DB , 15. In the given triangle,
DF + DE = 5 cm and
AE = EC and
AB = AC = 6 cm. If
A( ABC ) = 28 cm2
find A(CDE ) .
[AB] ⊥ [FD] and
[AC ] ⊥ [DE ] then
find A( ABC ) .
28
A) 4 B) 7 C) 12 D) E) 14
3 A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 10 E) 15

12. In the given figure

AD = DB and 16. In the given triangle,
AB = AC find m(∠DAC ) = m(∠CAE ) = 30 o
A(BDE ) A( ADC ) = 12 cm2. If
AC 1
=
.
A( ABC ) AB 4
then find A( ABD) .

1 1 1 1 1
A) B) C) D) E)
4 6 8 10 7 A) 12 3 B) 24 3 C) 36 3 D) 48 3 E) 60 3

49
AREA OF TRIANGLES TEST 3

1. In the given figure height 5. In the given figure AD = 2 ⋅ BD ,

h is increased by length k.
If the area of triangle is
EC = 2 ⋅ AE , FC = 2 ⋅ DF
supposed to be same, and area of DFE is 4 cm2.
what should side a be? Find area of ABC .

h+k 2h + k 2a + k
A) B) C) A) 54 B) 48 C) 36 D) 27 E) 18
a⋅h a⋅h a⋅h
a⋅h a⋅k
D) E)
h+k h+k

2. In the given figure 6. In the given figure AD = BD ,

m(∠C ) = 60 o BF = FC , AE = EC
AD = 18 cm, and K is any point, then
find the ratio of shaded
BD = 6 cm and D is area to the ABC.
intersection point
of angle bisector
A( ABD ) .
KATEV

find the area of 1 1 2 2 3

A) B) C) D) E)
2 3 3 5 5
A) 27 B) 24 C) 12 2 D) 8 3 E) 6 6
©

3. In the given triangle 7. In the given figure

BD = DC , AB = AC , 2 BD = 5 CF ,
AB = 3 AF , BE 3 S1
= then find .
AE = 3 EC EC 2 S2
A( AFDE )
find .
A( ABC ) A)
15
B)
15
C) 4 D) 3 E) 2
2 4
5 6 7 5 13
A) B) C) D) E)
7 11 12 8 24

8. In the given figure

4. In the given figure AF
=
2, BC = 2 CD , AB = 8 3 cm
FD 3
m(∠ABC ) = 60 o ,
EC
= , BC = 5 BD A( ACE ) = 9 cm2.
2
AC 3
and A ABC ( ) = 75 cm2 find AE = 3 ED , and
shaded area. then find length BC

A) 10 B) 12 C) 18 D) 24 E) 30 A) 3 B) 4 D) 6 D) 8 E) 10

50
Area Of Triangles Test 3

9. In the given figure 13. ABC is an equilateral

[AH ] ⊥ [BC ] [ ] [ ]
triangle, DE // AB ,
AE = ED = DH , [DF ] //[AC ] , [EF ] //[BC ] .
BC = 8 cm and If AD = BE = FC = 2 3 cm,
AH = 9 cm, EF = 2 cm then find A( ABC ) .
find unshaded area.

A) 2 3 B) 3 3 C) 4 3 D) 5 3 E) 16 3
A) 3 B) 6 C) 9 D) 12 E) 15

14. ABC is an equilateral

[ ] [ ]
triangle, ED ⊥ BC and
10. Points D, E and F
are midpoints of given AE = EC . If DE = 2 3 cm
sides and G is the gravity then find the shaded
( )
of mass. If A ABC = 72 cm2 area
find the shaded area.

A) 4 3 B) 8 3 C) 12 3 D) 14 3 E) 32 3
KATEV

A) 6 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 18
©

15. In the given figure,

11. In the given figure, D, m(∠DBC ) = 60 o
E and F are midpoints. If
G is center of gravity m(∠DBA = 20 o ,

then find
A( ABC )
. m(∠CAB) = 50 o
A(GCK ) m(∠CAD) = 30 o .
If AB = 2 cm then find
A) 12 B) 8 C) 4 D) 3 E) 2 A( DCB) .

A) 3 B) 6 C) 2 3 D) 5 E) 7

12. In the given triangle,

[AB] ⊥ [AC ], [AH ] ⊥ [BC ]. 16. In the given figure,
If HA = 3 cm and AC = 5 cm CD = 2 cm, EA = 1 cm
then find A( ABC ) . and AB = CE = 3 cm
then find A(CED) .
5 8 25 20 75
A) B) C) D) E)
4 25 8 7 8 A) 1,5 B) 1,6 C) 1,7 D) 1,8 E) 1,9

51
 Similarity

CONGRUENCE IN TRIANGLE 2- ANGLE – SIDE - ANGLE CONGRUENCE

THEOREM
A- CONGRUENT TRIANGLES

When two triangles are placed upon each other, if all their a) If two angles and the included side of a triangle is
vertices and sides are made to coincide, that is, if their congruent respectively to two angles and the included
corresponding angles and sides are congruent then these side of another, the triangles are congruent
triangles are called congruent triangles.

The congruence of triangles is represented by the symbol

≅.
KATEV
©

b) If a line parallel to one

side of a triangle bisects
1- SIDE ANGLE SIDE CONGRUENCE POSTULATE another side, it bisects
the third side also. If
a) If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are d // [BC ] and AK = KB
congruent respectively to two sides and the included
angle of another, then the triangles are congruent. then AN = NC

c) The line segment which

joins the midpoints of two
sides of a triangle is parallel
to the third side and its
length is equal to half the
b) The line segment which length of the third side. If
joins the vertices of AK = KB and
two isosceles triangles
BC
AN = NC then [KN ] // [BC ] and KN =
whose bases are
common is the bisector
2
of their vertex angles.

52
 SIMILARITY

d) The length of the median The similarity of two triangles is represented by the symbol
to the hypotenuse of a right .
triangle is equal to half the
length of the hypotenuse.
If m(∠A) = 90 o and
BD = DC then
BC
AD =
2

* The ratio of the lengths of corresponding sides of similar

e) Every right triangle has a triangles is called the scale factor of the similarity or the
circumscribed circle which ratio of similitude. It is denoted generally by the letter k.
accepts the midpoints of the
hypotenuse of the triangle as
its center. AB AC BC
= = =k
KN KP NP
KATEV

NOTE: If two triangles are congruent, then they are similar,

f) The distance from a point
©

but the converse is not true, that is, similar triangles may
lying on the bisector of an not be congruent.
angle to the sides of that
angle are congruent.

C- SIMILARITY POSTULATE OF TRIANGLES

3- SIDE - SIDE - SIDE CONGRUENCE THEOREM

1- SIDE - ANGLE - SIDE SIMILARITY POSTULATE
a) If three sides of a triangle are congruent respectively to
the three sides of another, the triangles are congruent. If an angle of one triangle is congruent to an angle of a
second triangle and the lengths of the sides including these
angles are proportional, then these triangles are similar. If
AB BC
= and m(∠B) = m(∠L) then
KL LM
ABC ≈ KLM .

B- SIMILAR TRIANGLES

Two triangles are similar if their corresponding angles are

congruent and the lengths of corresponding sides are
proportional.

53
 SIMILARITY

a- The ratio of the areas of two triangles having equal AB BD AB BC

altitudes equals the ratio of the lengths of the sides to 1- = 2- =
AC DC AC BN
A( ABC ) BC
which these altitudes belong. =
A( KLM ) LM BD BN
3- = 4- [AD] ⊥ [AN ]
DC CN

D- SIMILARITY THEOREMS OF TRIANGLES

1- ANGLE - ANGLE - ANGLE SIMILARITY

THEOREM
2- TRIANGLE PROPORTIONALITY THEOREM Two triangles are similar, if their corresponding angles are
congruent. If m(∠A) = m(∠S ) , m(∠B ) = m(∠T ) and
A line parallel to one side m(∠C ) = m(∠K ) then ABC ≈ STK .
of a triangle and intersecting
the other two sides at
KATEV

different points divides

the two sides
proportionally.
©

If [DE ] //[BC ]
AB AE
then = .
DB EC

NOTE:

The ratio of the similitude of two triangles equal to

3- TRIANGLE PROPORTIONALITY CONVERSE
1- the ratio of the lengths of corresponding altitudes.
If a line divides two sides 2- the ratio of the lengths of corresponding angle bisector.
of a triangle proportionally,
3- the ratio of the lengths of corresponding medians.
then it is parallel to the
third side of the triangle.

AB AE
If = 2- THALES THEOREM I
DB EC
then [DE ] //[BC ] . If three or more parallel
lines intersect two
transversals, then
4- ANGLE BISECTOR THEOREM they divide the
transversals

[AD] is the bisector of

proportionally.

the angle BAC and [ AN ] Ifd // k // l

is the bisector of AB DE
then =
exterior angle CAL, then BC EF

54
 SIMILARITY

3- THALES THEOREM II 5- SEVA THEOREM

If two intersecting lines m

and n are cut by two Let P be a point in the
parallel lines d and k, interior of a triangle ABC.
then the lengths of If the lines joining point
corresponding sides P and the vertices of
of the formed triangles the triangle intersect
are proportional. the sides [BC ] , [AC ]
[ ]
and AB at points
K, N, T, respectively,
AB BC AC then;
If d // k then = =
BE BD DE
BK CN TA
⋅ ⋅ =1
KC NA TB
NOTE:

The distance of the centroid of the triangle from a vertex is

two thirds of the length of the median with the end-point at
KATEV

that vertex.

2 6- SIDE - SIDE - SIDE SIMILARITY THEOREM

1- AG =AD and
©

3
1 If the lengths of corresponding sides of two triangles are
GD = AD
3 proportional, then these two triangles are similar. If
2 AB BC AC
2- BG = BE and = = then ABC ≈ STK
3 ST TK SK
1
GE = BE
3
2
3- CG = CF and
3
1
GF = CF
3

4- MENELAUS THEOREM

If a line d intersects two

[ ]
sides AB and AC [ ] NOTE 1: The ratio of the lengths of the perimeters of two
and the extension of similar triangles equals the ratio of similitude. If
[ ]
BC of a triangle ABC
at points P, R, S, AB BC AC
respectively, then
ABC ≈ STK and = = =k
ST TK SK

PB CS AR a+b+c
⋅ ⋅ =1 then; =k.
PC SA RB s+t+k

55
 SIMILARITY

NOTE 2: The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles 4- In the given figure,
equals the square of their ratio of similitude. If m(∠B ) = m(∠E ) = 90 o
2
A( ABC ) ⎛ a ⎞ m(∠ACD ) = 90 o
ABC ≈ MNP =⎜ ⎟
A( MNP) ⎝ m ⎠ m(∠A) = m(∠DCE ) = α
m(∠BCA) = m(∠D ) = β
then, ABC ≈ CED
can be written.

SPECIAL CASES 5- In the given triangle

ABC, AD = DF = FB
1- In the given figure, and AE = EH = HC
[AB ] // [EF ] // [DC ] ,
KATEV

then,
EF = x , AB = y ,
S1 S 2 S 3
DC = z , BF = a = =
1 3 5
©

and FC = c then,
1 1 1
= + .
x y z

6- In the given figure,

ABCD is trapezoid,
[AB ] // [EF ] // [DC ]
2- ABC is a right triangle
and ABCD is a AB = a , DC = c
rectangle then, and EF = x
then,
DE EF
+ =1
AC AB CF DE x−c
= =
CB DA a−c

3- In the given figure,

ABC is a right
triangle and ADEF
is a square. If AB = c ,
AC = b and AD = x
b⋅c
then, x=
b+c

56
SIMILARITY TEST 1

1. In the given figure, 5. In the given figure,

m(∠ABC ) = m(∠EDA) . [AD] //[BE ] //[CF ] and
If AE = 2 cm, AD = 3 cm, AD = 6 cm. If BE = 10 cm,
ED = 4 cm and BC = 9 cm AB
CF = 12 cm then find .
then find DC . AC

A) 1 B) 1,5 C) 2 D) 2,5 E) 3 3 3 3 2 5
A) B) C) D) E)
7 5 4 3 3

2. In the given trapezoid 6. In the given figure,

ABCD, [AB] //[EF ] //[CD] [EF ] //[BC ] and
and AE = 2 cm. If ED = 5 cm A( AEF ) = A( BCEF ) ,
and BF = 3 cm then find EF
then find .
FC . BC
KATEV

A) 2,5 B) 3,5 C) 5,5 D) 6 E) 7,5 1 1 2 1 2

A) B) C) D) E)
2 3 2 4 4
©

3. In the given figure, 7. In the given figure,

[DE ] //[BC ] and DE = 3 cm. [DE ] //[BC ] and
If BC = 7 cm, AD = x and AD = 5 cm. If DB = 3 cm
x A( BCED)
BD = y then find . then find
y A( ADE )

7 3 4 3 3 25 25 25 25 1
A) B) C) D) E)
A) B) C) D) E) 39 64 9 16 4
3 7 7 4 10

8. In the given figure,

4. In the given figure ABCD is a [DE ] //[BC ] and
square. If DE = EF = FC = 2 cm A( BCDE ) = 7. A( ADE )

then find the value of

A( EKF )
.
If BC = 6 cm then
A( AKB ) find the value of DE .

1 1 1 1 1 3 2
A) B) C) D) E) A) 2 B) 2 C) D) 4 E) 5
4 8 9 16 27 2

57
Similarity Test 1

9. In the given figure, 13. In the given figure,

AB = AC , [ AH ] ⊥ [BC ] [AC ] //[DE ] and BE = 6 cm
and [EF ] //[BC ] . If AG = 1 cm If AE = 2 cm and BC = 16 cm
and GH = EF = 2 cm then then find BD .
find the shaded area.

A) 7 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 13
A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 10

10. In the given figure,

[AB] //[EF ] //[CD] . If 14. In the given figure,
AE = 8 cm, EC = 6 cm.
EF = 5 cm, EB = 6 cm
If m(∠ACE ) = m(∠CBA)
AB = 10 cm then
and [EC ] ⊥ [ AB ] then
and

find EC + DC . find the area of ABC.

KATEV

A) 20 B) 18 C) 16 D) 10 E) 6 A) 37,5 B) 36 C) 35,5 D) 35 E) 32,5

©

11. In the given figure,

[DE ] //[BC ] and 15. In the given rectangle ABCD,
m(∠DEB) = m(∠BEC )
AS = SN = NB = 4 cm
If AE = 6 cm, DE = 4 cm
and AD = 8 cm then find
then find BC .
the shaded area.

A) 9 B) 12 C) 15 D) 18 E) 21 A) 40 B) 48 C) 56 D) 64 E) 72

12. In the given triangle ABC,

D is midpoint of [AB] and 16. In the given figure,
AB = AC then find
AB = AC , AD = DB
the ratio of the shaded
area to area of ABC. and AE = 3 ⋅ EC . If
BC = 12 cm then find CF .
1 1 1 1 1
A) B) C) D) E)
2 4 6 8 10 A) 8 B) 7 C) 6 D) 5 E) 4

58
SIMILARITY TEST 2

1. In the given figure, 5. In the given figure,

m(∠B) = m(∠D) = 90 0 m(∠ADE ) = m(∠ABC )
m(∠ACE ) = 90 0 AE = 4 cm. If BE = 8 cm
If AB = 3 cm, BC = 2 cm and AD = 6 cm then
and CD = 1 cm then find DC .
find CE .
A) 6 B) 5 C) 4 D) 3 E) 2

3 1 2 3 13
A) B) C) D) E)
2 2 3 13 3

6. In the given figure,

[AB] //[CD ] //[EF ]
2. In the given figure, [DE ] // [BC ] and AC = 5 cm. If
and AD = 4 cm. If AE = 3 cm, CE = 3 cm, CD = 9 cm
DE = 5 cm and CE = 4 cm and EF = 12 cm then
KATEV

then find the perimeter find AB .

of triangle ABC .
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6
©

A) 21 B) 28 C) 36 D) 42 E) 56

7. In the given triangle,

3. In the given triangle ABC,
AE BP 5
m(∠B) = 90 0 and = 2 and =
EC PE 2
m(∠D) = 90 0 . If
BD
AD = 14 cm, DE = 5 cm then find
DC
and EC = 13 cm then
find AB . 5 5 5 6 7
A) B) C) D) E)
2 3 4 5 5
A) 9 B) 10 C) 12 D) 15 E) 17

4. In the given figure, 8. In the given triangle ABC,

[DE ] //[BC ] and m(∠A) = 90 0 and
AD = 5 cm. If DB = 2 cm m(∠D) = 90 0 . If BD = DC ,
and AC = 9 cm then BC = 10 cm, AC = 8 cm
find CE . then find DE .

63 18 63 7 3 11 13 15
A) B) C) D) E) A) B) C) D) 2 E) 4
5 7 12 12 2 4 4 4

59
Similarity Test 2

9. In the given triangle, 1

AE AF 1 13. If the ratio of sides of two squares is then find the
1 6
= and =
AB 4 AC 7 ratio of their areas.

A( ABC )
then find . 1 1 1 1 1
A( AEF ) A) B) C) D) E)
12 18 24 28 36

A) 4 B) 7 C) 12 D) 14 E) 28

14. In the given figure ABCD

is a square and [EF ] ⊥ [AB] .
If AE = x and AD = a
10. In the given figure, ABCD then find the sum of the
is a square and ECF is an shaded area in terms
isosceles triangle. The ratio of a and x
of the area of the square to the
area of the triangle is 8 then
a2
DC A) x 2 + ax + a 2 B) 2 x 2 − ax +
find 2
EC
2 x 2 − ax + a 2 2 x 2 + 2ax + a 2
KATEV

C) D)

a2
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6 E) x 2 − ax +
2
©

15. ABC is an isosceles right

11. In the given figure,
triangle and DEFG is a
[AC ] //[ET ] //[BD] ⊥ [AB] , square. If AC = 18 cm
AC = 6 cm. If DB = 2 cm then find one side
AB = 24 cm then find EB of the square.

A) 11 B) 9 C) 8 D) 6 E) 4,5
A) 15 B) 12 C) 9 D) 8 E) 6

16. In the given figure, AB = 4 cm

12. In the given figure ABCD and AC = 3 cm. If
is rectangle AB = BE = a A( EBD) = A( EDCA)
and AD = b then find then find DC .
FC in terms of a and b.

A) 5−2 B) 5−2 2 C) 2 5 −3
a a 2b
A) a−b B) C) D) E) b
b 2 3 D) 5−3 2 E) 3+ 2

60
SIMILARITY TEST 3

1. In the given figure, ABC is 5. In the given figure,

a triangle and AEPF is a AD = x + 1 , AE = 9 cm,
parallelogram. EC = 2 cm EC = 3 cm and DB = 2 cm
AF = 8 cm, FB = 2 cm then find x if [DE ] //[BC ]
then find AE .
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6
A) 1 B) 2 C) 2 D) 3 E) 3

6. In the given figure,

2. In the given figure, [AB] //[CD] . AB = 3 cm
AB = 8 cm, BC = 3 cm AO = x − 1 , OD = 5 cm
and DC = 4 cm then and CD = x + 1 then
find CK . find CD .
KATEV

A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7 A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
©

7. In the given figure, [ AE ] //[FD ] ,

3. In the given figure, ABCD
is a right trapezoid and
DE = EF = FA = 2 cm. If 2. CK = 3. FK
[DC ] // [EE 1 ]// [FF 1 ], and AE = 2. FD .
EE 1 = 3 cm, FF 1 = 5 cm EC
then find .
then find A( ABCD) . BD

A) 8 B) 12 C) 16 D) 20 E) 24 3 4 5 5 6
A) B) C) D) E)
2 3 2 3 5

4. In the given figure, ABCD

8. In the given figure, [ AE ] //[FD ] ,
Is a trapezoid and
[DC ] //[EF ] //[AB] . If
AE = 2k + 2 ,
AB = 10 cm, AE = 5 cm,
EC = 3k − 2 ,
ED = 3 cm, DC = 6 cm
BC = 5 cm, DE = 3 cm
then find EF .
then find AE .
17 15 11
A) B) C) D) 7 E) 8 A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) 8
12 2 2

61
Similarity Test 3

9. In the given figure, ABC 13. in the given triangle

is a right triangle and BF = 3 cm, AF = 6 cm
DEFH is a square. BD = 4 cm AE = 2 cm, if AFDE is
EC = 3 cm then find DE . a parallelogram then
find EC .

A) 12 B) 11 C) 10 D) 3 E) 2 3 5 7 9
A) 4 B) 3 C) D) E)
2 2 2

14. In the given figure,

10. In the given figure,
m(∠DCB) = 90 0
[AB] //[EF ] //[DC ]
AB = y , EF = x ,
m(∠B) = m(∠E ) = 90 0 .
DC = z , BF = a
AB = 4 cm, DC = 3 cm
and FC = b then which
EC = 2 cm then find BC .
of the following is true?

A) 3 5 B) 2 5 C) 2 3 D) 1 E) 2 1 1 1 y+z
A) = + B) x = C) z ⋅a = y ⋅b
KATEV

z x z y⋅z
x⋅ y xa + yb
D) z= E) z=
x+ y a+b
©

11. In the given figure,

[DE ] //[FG ] //[BC ]
DE = 3 cm, FG = 6 cm,
15. In the given figure,
AD = 4 cm, FB = 2 cm [DE ] //[BC ] , AD = 3k + 9
then find BC . BD = 2k + 2 , AE = 15 cm
and EC = 5 cm then find
7 15 30
A) B) C) D) 8 E) 9 DB .
4 2 4

A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7

12. In the given figure,

16. In the given figure,
m(∠ACE ) = 90 0
m(∠BAC ) = 90 0
m(∠B) = m(∠D) = 90 0 .
m(∠EDB) = 90 0 . If
AB = x − 1 , BC = 3 cm,
2

ED = 5 cm, BD = 12 cm
ED = 9k and CD = 6k
and AC = 10 cm then
then find AC .
find EA

A) 7 B) 6 C) 9 D) 12 E) 13 A) 8 B) 9 C) 10 D) 11 E) 12

62
 trigonometry

MEASURING ANGLES right triangles, we can see that similar triangles;

OAB ≈ OCD ≈ OEF ≈ OGH , then let’s apply First
An angle can be thought of having been generated by Thales Theorem and Triangle Proportionality Theorem; we
rotating a ray either clockwise or counter clockwise get,
direction around its endpoints from one position to another.

An angle can be measured in degree, radian or grad. A OA OC OE OG

= = = ,
degree is divided into 60 minutes and a minute is divided OB OD OF OH
into 60 seconds. Minutes are represented by a single trick
mark and seconds by a double trick mark.
AB CD EF GH
= = =
1 degree = 60 minutes shown as 10 = 60 / OA OC OE OG
KATEV

1 minute = 60 seconds shown as 1/ = 60 //

AB CD EF GH
= = =
©

OB OD OF OH

CONVERSION BETWEEN DEGREE RADIAN

AND GRAD MEASURES By using above, we get some constant ratios among right
sides and hypotenuse of given triangles and this ratio
A round angle is equal to 360 degrees, 2π radian and 400 depends on angle α
grads;
In a right triangle, the constant ratios belong to any angle
360 Degrees = 2π Radians = 400 Grads α are called Trigonometric Ratios.
D R G
= =
180 π 400
TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF AN ACUTE
ANGLE

TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
In the given figure, α is
an acute angle and the
given equalities are
true for all right triangles.

side opposite α b
sin α = =
hypotenuse c
In the given figure, the perpendicular lines from the line
[ [
OY to the line OX form right triangles which have
common angle m(∠XOY ) = α . If we examine the given

63
 TRIGONOMETRY

side adjacente α a TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF ANGLE 600

cos α = =
hypotenuse c
AH 3a 3
sin 60 0 = = =
side opposite α b 2a 2
tan α = = AB
side adjacentα a
BH a 1
cos 60 0 = = =
side adjacentα a AB 2a 2
cot α = =
side opposite α b
AH 3a
tan 60 0 = = = 3
hypotenuse c BH a
sec α = =
side adjacent α a
BH a 1
cot 60 0 = = =
hypotenuse c AH 3a 3
cscα = =
side opposite α b
AB 2a
sec 60 0 = = =2
NOTE:
BH a
KATEV

* sinα is read as sine of α AB 2a 2

* cosα is read as cosine of α csc60 0 = = =
AH 3a 3
©

* tanα is read as tangent of α

* cotα is read as cotangent of α
* secα is read as secant of α
* cscα is read as cosecant of α TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF ANGLE 450

TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF ANGLE 300 AC a 1

sin 45 0 = = =
AB a 2 2
a 1
BH
sin 30 0 = = =
AB 2a 2 BC a 1
cos 45 0 = = =
AB a 2 2
0 3a
AH 3
cos 30 = = =
AB 2a 2 AC a
tan 45 0 = = =1
BH a 1 BC a
tan 30 0 = = =
AH 3a 3 BC a
cot 45 0 = = =1
AC a
0 3a
AH
cot 30 = = = 3
BH a AB a 2
sec 45 0 = = = 2
AB 2a 2 BC a
sec 30 0 = = =
AH 3a 3
AB a 2
csc45 0 = = = 2
AB 2a AC a
csc 30 0 = = =2
BH a

64
 TRIGONOMETRY

TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS OF SPECIAL sin α

2- tan α =
ANGLES cos α

cos α
3- cot α =
sin α

4- tan α ⋅ cot α = 1 and from here,

1
tan α =
cot α

1
5- sec α =
cos α

1
6- csc α =
sin α
KATEV

COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES
©

7- 1 + tan 2 α + = sec 2 α
The trigonometric functions
of any two complementary
angles α and β have
8- 1 + cot 2 α + = csc 2 α
following properties.

If α + β = 90 0

sin α = cos β and cos α = sin β AREA OF A TRIANGLE

tan α = cot β and cot α = tan β
In the given triangle ABC,
sec α = csc β and csc α = sec β m(∠A) = α , m(∠B) = β
and m(∠C ) = θ then;

BASIC TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

1
A( ABC ) = ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ sin θ
2
For any α ∈ R , the following identities are always true.
1
A( ABC ) = ⋅ b ⋅ c ⋅ sin α
2
1- sin 2 α + cos 2 α = 1 and from here,
1
sin 2 α = 1 − cos 2 α = (1 − cos α )(1 + cos α ) A( ABC ) = ⋅ a ⋅ c ⋅ sin β
2

cos 2 α = 1 − sin 2 α = (1 − sin α )(1 + cos α )

65
TRIGONOMETRY TEST 1

1. Evaluate tan 2 20 D + 1 . 6. In a triangle ABC,

m(∠B ) = 30 D , BC = 9 cm
1 1 and AB = 8 cm then find
A) sin 2 20 B) C)
cos 2 20 2
sin 20 A(ABC).
2
D) tan 20 E) 1
A) 45 B) 36 C) 27 D) 18 E) 9

2. If tan α = 1 then find sin α .

7. In a triangle ABC, AB = AC and cos A = 0,6 then
1 3 2
A) 1 B) 2 C) D) E) find cos C .
2 2 2
3 3 5
A) B) C) D) 2 E) 1
2 3 5

3. Which of the following is false?

KATEV

A) sin 45 D . cos 45 D = 1
1
8. If sin x = then find tan x .
©

B) sin 2 30 D + cos 2 30 D = 1 3
C) cos x. tan x = sin x

D) (sin x + cos x )2 = 1 + 2 sin x. cos x A)

1
B)
2
C)
2
D) 2 E)
3
4 4 2 2
E) tan x. cot x = 1

9. In a triangle ABC,
D D D D
4. Evaluate sin 45 . cos 30 + sin 30 . cos 45 . AB = 6 cm, BC = 4 cm,
A( ABC ) = 6 3 cm2
6+ 2 6 6+ 2 then what is the value of α
A) B) C)
4 4 2
3 A) 30 B) 45 C) 60 D) 75 E) 90
D) 1 E)
2

sin 60 D + tan 45 D
5. If sin x = 0,3 and 0 < x < 90 then find cos x . D 10. Calculate, .
cos 60 D

3 91 91 10 A) 3 +3 B) 3+2 C) 3 +1
A) 91 B) C) D) E)
91 3 10 3 D) 2 3 E) 3

66
Trigonometry Test 1

sin 45 D − cos 30 D 1 + sin θ 1 − sin θ

11. Calculate, . 16. Evaluate, − .
tan 60 D 1 − sin θ 1 + sin θ

6− 3 2− 3 6 A) 1 − sin θ B) 2 cos θ C) 2 tan θ

A) B) D)
6 3 6 D) 2 sin θ E) 2 cotθ
6 −3 6+ 2
D) E)
6 3

1
17. If sin α + cos α = , then find sin α ⋅ cos α
sin x − 1 3
12. What’s the greatest value of .
2 11 4 3 5 5
A) B) − C) − D) E)
18 9 4 2 8
A) –2 B) –1 C) 0 D) 1 E) 2 KATEV

1 + 2 sin 60 D 18. Find the smallest acute angle x, that satisfies the
13. Calculate, .
tan 30 D equality sin(5 x) = cos(35 D ) .
©

3
A) 3−2 B) 3 +1 C)
A) 7° B) 11° C) 18° D) 24° E) 35°
3
D) 2+ 3 E) 3+3

cos x
19. Evaluate, cot x ⋅ (sec x − ).
tan 45 D − tan 30 D 1 + sin x
14. Calculate, .
1 + tan 45 D . tan 30 D
A) tan x B) sin x C) cos x D) cot x E) 1
12 − 6 3
A) 2+ 3 B) 2− 3 C)
3
D) 3− 3 E) 3 3− 2

cos 28 D sin 28 D
20. Evaluate, + .
cos 62 D sin 62 D
15. Evaluate, sin
3
α + sin α ⋅ cos 2 α .

1 1
A) sin α B) cos α C) tan α A) B) 2 C)
sin 28 tan 62 o
o
sin 31 . cos 31D
D
1 1
D) E) 1
sin α cos x D) E) 1
sin 28 . cos 28D
D

67
TRIGONOMETRY TEST 2

1 tan A. cot A
1. If tan x = , evaluate sin x. cos x 6. Evaluate , .
5 sin 2 B + cos 2 B

5 5 1 1 6 B A A2
A) B) C) D) E) A) 0 B) C) D) E) 1
6 6 6 5 5 A B B2

3 sin3 x − cos3 x
2. Which of the following is false? 7. If sin x. cos x = then find .
2 sinx − cosx
A) sin 0 D = cos 90 D B) sin 2 25 D = 1 − cos 2 25 D 3
3 +1
A) +1 B) 2 3 C) 1+ 3
C) sin 30 + cos 60 = 1
2 D 2 D D
D) sin 60 − sin 30 = D 2
2 2
D) 3+ 3 E) 3−2
E) tan x. cot x = 1
KATEV

3. In the given triangle ABC,

8. In the given triangle ABC,
m(∠B) = α then find
AC = 10 2 cm, and
cot 2 α + 1 .
©

BC = 5 2 cm
m(∠C ) = 45 D , then
1
A) sin 2 α B) C) tan 2 α find A(ABC) .
sin 2 α
D) cos 2 α + 1 E) 1 − sin 2 x 25 2
A) 5 2 B) 25 C) 25 2 D) E) 50 2
2

4. In the given triangle ABC,

AB = AC = 3 cm. If
1
9. If tan x = 0,75 then find 1 + tan 2 x . m(∠x) < 90 D ( )
sin A = , then find tan C .
3 9 25 4
A) 4 B) 5 C) D) E)
16 16 3
A) 2 2 B) 3+ 2 C) 3+ 2 2
D) 1− 2 2 E) 2 −3 3

sin 2 x − 1
10. Evaluate .
cot 2 x
5. Evaluate sin 30 D . cos 30 D . tan 30 D . cot 30 D .
A) − cos 2 x B) − sin 2 x C) 2 sin x
3 3 3 3 cos x
A) 3 B) C) D) E) D) E) 2 cos x
2 3 4 5 sin x

68
Trigonometry Test 2

(
11. Evaluate sin 25 D + cos 25 D ) + (sin 25
2 D
− cos 25 D ). 2
16. Calculate sin 45 D . cos 45 D − tan 45 D . cot 45 D

1
A) 1 B) 2 C) 2 cos 50 D D) sin 50 D E) sin 2 25 D A) -2 B) -1 C) 1 D) − E) 2
2

1 − 2 sin 2 x
12. Evaluate .
cos 2 x
cos x tan 2 x
17. If cot x − tan x = 4 , evaluate − .
1 sin x cot x
A) 1 − tan 2 x B) tan 2 x C)
tan 2 x
D) sin x. cos x E) cot x 2 1 1
A) 1 B) 4 cos x C) D) E)
cos x 4 2
KATEV

1
13. Calculate (1 + tan 2 x) ÷ ( ).
1 − sin 2 x
7
©

A) 0 B) 1 C) tan x D) 1+ cos 2 x E) cot x 18. If sin x = evaluate tan x. cos x .

25

7 49 24 16 7
A) B) C) D) E)
24 576 25 25 25

14. In the given triangle

D
ABC, m(∠B ) = 135 ,
m(∠C ) = 30 D and
AB = 5 2 cm then find BC . 19. If sin x + cos x = 3 then find sin x. cos x .

A) 5 3 B) 5 3 −1 C) 3 −1 1 3
( )
A) 1 B) 2 C) D) E) 3
D) 5 E) 5 3 −1 2 2

15. If tan 2 x = 0,75 then find tan x .

20. If sin x + cos x = 3 then cot x. sin x + tan x. cos x

3 1 10 1
A) 1 B) C) D) E) 3 3
5 3 3 3 A) 2 3 B) 3 C) 3 +1 D) E)
2 4

69
TRIGONOMETRY TEST 3

1. If sin 37 D = 0.6 then find tan37 0 . 6. Evaluate tan 30 D . cot 60 D . cos 30 D sin 45 D . sin 30 D

1 1 3 2 3 6 1 24
A) B) C) D) E) A) 24 6 B) C) D) E) 23
4 2 3 3 4 24 24 6 6

5
7. If sin x < 90 o and sin x = ⇒ cot x .
2 13
2. If sin α = then find tan α .
2 12 13 5 12 5
A) B) C) D) E)
1 1 3 12 12 5 13
A) 0 B) 1 C) D) E) 2
2 2

8. Evaluate tan 2 x + 1 .
KATEV

3. Which of the following is false? 1

A) cos 2 x B) C) sin 2 x
cos 2 x
A) sin 0 D = cos 90 D B) sin 2 45 D + cos 2 30 D = 1 1
©

D) E) tan 2 x
D) sin 30 + sin 60 = 1 − 3 sin 2 x
2 D
C) sin 45 + cos 30 = 1
12 D D D
4 2
E) tan 60 =
o 1
cot 60 o

9. In the given figure,

m(∠BCA ) = 120 0 ,
m(∠BAC ) = 30 0 and
4. If tan 60 D = 3 , find cot 30 D . AB = 8 cm then
find AC .
1
A) 2 B) 1 C) 3 D) E) 2
3 4 3 8
A) B) 4 3 C) D) 8 3 E)
3 3 3

5. In the given figure,

[AH ] ⊥ [BC ], AB =
4
cm, 10. In the given figure If
3 CD = 10 3 cm then
BC = 50 cm, m(∠B ) = 60 o find the distance
find A(ABC) . between tree A and tree B.

A) 150 B) 100 C) 75 D) 50 E) 25 A) 10 3 B) 15 3 C) 15 D) 30 E) 45

70
Trigonometry Test 3

11. In a triangle ABC, AC = 20 2 cm, BC = 6 cm and 5

cot x = , evaluate 1 − sin x . ( m(∠α ) < 90 )
2 o
16. If
m(∠C ) = 45 o find A(ABC). 12

25 144 169 12 5
A) B) C) D) E)
A) 45 B) 60 C) 75 D) 85 E) 90 169 169 144 13 13

1
12. If cos x = and 1 + tan x = a then find a .
2
5 17. In the given triangle
m( ABC) = 120D , BC = 3 cm
A) 25 B) 30 C) 35 D) 40 E) 45
and AB = 4 cm find AC .

A) 5 B) 5 C) 37 D) 47 E) 52

6
13. In a right triangle, if cot α = then find the
8
hypotenuse of this triangle.
KATEV

A) 20 B) 18 C) 15 D) 12 E) 10 18. ABC is an isosceles triangle

and m(∠A) = 120 D . If
©

AB = AC = 5 cm
then find A(ABC).

14. ABCD is a trapezoid, 25 3

m(< BAC ) = 30 D , A) 12 B) 9 3 C) 15 D)
4
E) 12 3

m(< ACB ) = 90 D ,
BC = 6 cm, CD = 2 cm
then find the area of trapezoid

A) 12 3 B) 18 3 C) 21 3 D) 24 3 E) 28 3 19. Evaluate sin 45 ⋅ cos 30 ⋅ sin 60 ⋅ cot 60 ⋅ tan 30 ⋅ tan 60 .

2 3 4 3 6
A) B) C) 16 D) -16 E)
4 7 8

15. A bus moves from Oskemen

at 12:00 and reaches Pavlodar
at 15:30 with a velocity of
60 km/h. According to the
given figure, find the
distance between sin 35° ⋅ cos 35°
20. Simplify, .
Pavlodar and Astana? sin 55° ⋅ cos 55°

1 1
A) 360 B) 420 C) 240 2 D) 210 3 E) 180 A) 0 B) C) D) 1 E) -1
3 2

71
TRIGONOMETRY TEST 4

1. ABCD is an isosceles sin 30 D . cos 60 D

trapezoid [DH ] ⊥ [AB] 6. Evaluate
2 tan 45 D
.

DC = 5 cm, AH = 3 cm
then find A(ABCD)
1 1 1 1 1
A) B) C) D) E)
2 4 8 16 32
A) 10 B) 16 3 C) 12 D) 24 3 E) 30

(
7. Evaluate 10.sin30D + 20.cos60D − 10.cos60D + 20.sin30D ) ( )
2. Which of the following is false?
1 3
A) 1 B) C) 0 D) -1 E)
3 D
D
A) sin 30 . cos 30 = D
B) sin 30 + sin 60 = 1 2 2
2 2

4
D D cos 30 D
C) sin 43 = cos 47 D) tan 60 D =
cos 60 D
3
E) sin 2 15 =ο

2
8. Evaluate 40 . cos 60 D + 50 . cos 30 D − 30 . sin 60 D
KATEV

A) 10 1 +( 3 ) B) 10 2 +( 3 ) C) 20 3
©

D) 15 3 E) 24 2
3. ABCD is a rhombus
AC = 16 cm
and m(∠A) = 60 D .
Find A(ABCD) .

128 128 9. If (m(x) < 90 ) and 3.sin x = 2

o
then find cot x .
A) B) 128 3 C) D) 256 E) 324
3 2
2 5 3 5
A) B) C) D) E) 2
5 3 2 2

4 x
4. In a right triangle tan x = then find cot .
3 2

1 3 4 5 sin x − cos x
A) B) C) D) 2 E) 10. If sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 1 , evaluate .
3 5 3 2 sin 4 − cos 4 x

1 1
A) B)
sin x + cos x sin x − cos 2 x
2

8 1
5. In a right triangle sin x = then find cot x . C)
1 D)
17 sin x + cos x
2 2 sin x − cos x
1
17 15 17 15 8 E)
A) B) C) D) E) sin x − cos x
2
18 8 15 17 17

72
Trigonometry Test 4

4 sin 47D − cos 43D 3 cos 70 D . cos 50 D

11. If − 1 = a then find a. 16. Calculate − 4 cos 60 D . sin 30 D .
3 cos 43D − 2 sin 47 D sin 20 D . sin 40 D

A) -1 B) 0 C) 1 D) 1.5 E) 2 A) -1 B) 0 C) 1 D) 2 E) 3

sin 2 x. cot 2 x − 1
12. Evaluate . sin 4 x − cos 4 x
sin 2 x 17. What is the simplest form of .
sin x − cos x
1
A) 1 B) C) 0 D) -1 E) -2 A) sin x B) 1 + sin x C) cos x
2
D) 1 + cos x E) sin x + cos x

13. ABC is an isosceles

triangle, m(∠A) = 120 D
cos 2 x
KATEV

and BC = 10 cm then 18. Evaluate, −1.

1 − sin x
find A(ABC) .
©

A) sin x B) − sin x C) cos x D) − cos x E) 1

50 25
A) B) C) 25 3 D) 50 3 E) 60
3 3

3
19. If sin x = then evaluate cos x.(tan x + cot x ) .
5
14. ABC is a triangle. [AH ] ⊥ [BC ] , tan B = and 5
8
5 3 5 3 5 4
tan C = find A(ABC). A) B) C) − D) − E)
13 5 3 5 3 5

A) 10 AH 2
B) 67 AH 2
C) 21 AH 2

21 40 10

D) 105 AH 2
E)
67 2
AH
2 10
20. In the given figure,
AC = 6 2 cm, m(∠A) = 75o
and m(∠C ) = 45o
then find the value of x.
cos 42 D + sin 48 D
15. Calculate
2 sin 48 D
A) 9 B) 2 3 + 6 C) 2 2 + 6
1
A) B) sin 42 D C) sin 48D D) 1 E) -1 D) 6 3 + 6 E) 6 2 + 6
2

73
Trigonometry Test 4

21. Evaluate sin 150 o cos 210 o tan 135 o .

1 3 3
A) − B) -1 C) D) E) 0
2 4 2

1 π
22. Find cosα , if sin α = , < α<π.
5 2

2 3 2 6 3
A) − B) − C)
5 5 5
2 6 6
D) E)
5 5
KATEV

α 3
23. Find tan( ) if sin α =
©

.
2 5

1 1 4 4 9
A) B) C) D) E)
3 2 5 9 90

24. Which of the following is the greatest?

A) tan75o B) cot75o C) sec75o

D) sin750 E) cos75o

25. What are the signs of sin 181o , cos - 91o , ( )

(
tan -275 o
) and cot 350 o

A) -,+,+,- B) -,-,+,- C) -,+,-,- D) -,-,-,- E) -,+,-,+

74
 POLYGONS
AND
Quadrilaterals
• Polygons
• Trapezoid
• Parallelogram
• Rectangle
• Square
• Rhombus
 POLYGONS

A polygon is a simple
closed curve made up
entirely of straight line If any of the lines do contain
interior points, the polygon
segments. These line is called concave.
segments are called the
sides and each end point
of these segments is called
a vertex of the polygon.
NOTE: If it is not stated otherwise, the word polygon shall
mean “convex polygon”.

The points A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 ... An are called BASIC PROPERTIES OF CONVEX POLYGON

[AA1 ] …
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vertices of the polygon while the segments

[An A1 ] are called its sides. In a polygon a, b, c, d, e, f … 1- For any polygon of n sides, the number of diagonals is
n (n − 3)
©

/ / / / / /
are called the interior angles and a , b , c , d , e , f ..
are called exterior angles.
2

2- The sum of the interior angle measures of n – sided

polygon is ( n − 2) ⋅ 180

3- The sum of the degree measures of the exterior angles

0
of any convex polygon, one angle at each vertex, is 360 .

REGULAR POLYGON
If a polygon is both equiangular and equilateral, it is called
a “regular polygon”.

CLASSIFICATION OF POLYGONS BASIC PROPERTIES OF (REGULAR)

CONVEX POLYGON
A) CONVEX POLYGON
1- The measure of one interior angle of n – sided regular
A polygon is called convex polygon is
if no line containing a side
(n − 2) ⋅ 180 o
of the polygon contains a
point in the interior of n
the polygon

B) CONCAVE POLYGON

77
 POLYGONS

2- The measure of one exterior angle of n – sided regular 4- In a quadrilateral, the

polygon is measure of an acute angle
360 o formed by the bisectors of
two opposite angles equals
n the half the absolute value
the difference between the
measures of other two angles.
QUADRILATERALS
m(∠D) − m(∠B )
For any four coplanar points, m(∠AKP) =
2
A, B, C and D, with no three
consecutive points collinear,
[AB] ∪ [BC ] ∪ [CD] ∪
[DA] is called a “quadrilateral”.
5- If the diagonals of a
quadrilateral are orthogonal
to each other, the sum
of the square of the lengths
of opposite sides are equal.
In quadrilateral ABCD the

[AC ] ⊥ [BD] then a 2 + c 2 = b 2 + d 2

points A, B, C and D are
If
called vertices of the
KATEV

quadrilateral while the

segments[AB] , [BC ] ,
[CD] and [DA] are called 6- The area of a convex
©

quadrilateral is half the

its sides. In a polygon a , b , product of the lengths of
c and d are called the interior its diagonals and the sine
angles and a / , b / , c / and d / of the angle formed by
these diagonals.
are called exterior angles.

1
A( ABCD) = ⋅ AC ⋅ BD ⋅ sin α
2
BASIC PROPERTIES OF QUADRILATERALS

7- If the angle formed by

1- The sum of the measures of interior angles of a
quadrilateral is 3600.
[ ]
the diagonals AC and
[ ]
BD of a quadrilateral
ABCD is 900, then
2- The sum of the measures of exterior angles of a
0
quadrilateral is 360 . AC ⋅ BD
A( ABCD) =
2
3- In a quadrilateral, the
measure of an angle formed
by the bisectors of two
consecutive angles equals
8- The lengths [AC ] and
the half the sum of the [ ]
BD are diagonals of
measures of other two quadrilateral ABCD.
angles. A( AKB ) = S1 , A( KBC ) = S 2 ,
A( KCD ) = S 3 , A( AKD ) = S 4
then;
m(∠C ) + m(∠D)
m(∠AKB ) = S1 ⋅ S 3 = S 2 ⋅ S 4
2

78
POLYGONS TEST 1

1. If a regular convex polygon has 12 sides, then what is 6. Which one is a regular convex polygon?
the difference between the measures of an interior and
exterior angle? A) Rectangle B) Square C) Triangle
D) Kite E) Parallelogram
A) 120 B) 100 C) 80 D) 70 E) 60

7. In the given figure, ABCDE

2. The measure of an exterior angle of a regular convex is a regular pentagon and
polygon is 18°. Find the number of diagonals. ABF is an equilateral triangle.
Find the measure of the
A) 135 B) 150 C) 180 D) 170 E) 165 angle DBF

A) 10 B) 12 C) 16 D) 18 E) 20
KATEV

3. Find the number of sides

of the given regular
8. A regular polygon with ( n + 4) sides has ( n 2 − 1)
convex polygon.
©

diagonals. Find the measure of one exterior angle of this

regular convex polygon.
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) none of them
A) 26 B) 30 C) 34 D) 36 E) 60

4. What is the measure of an interior angle of a regular

convex polygon with 9 sides? 9. The measure of an interior angle of a regular convex
polygon is equal to sum of the measures of three exterior
A) 160 B) 156 C) 152 D) 144 E) 140 angles. Find the number of its diagonals.

A) 9 B) 14 C) 20 D) 27 E) 35

5. In the given figure, A, B, C, D

and E are the vertices of a
regular convex polygon. If 10. In the figure, ABCDE is
m(BK̂D) = 108° , then find a regular pentagon and
BKLC is a square. Find
the number of sides of this
the measure of the angle AKB.
regular convex polygon.

A) 12 B) 13 C) 14 D) 15 E) 18 A) 72 B) 75 C) 81 D) 82 E) 90

79
Polygons Test 1

11. What is the sum of the measure of interior angles of a 16. The one interior angle of a regular convex polygon is
0
regular convex polygon with 10 sides? 135 then find the number of sides.

A) 1260 B) 1440 C) 1620 D) 1800 E) 2160 A) 6 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 13

12. If a polygon has n sides and 4n diagonals then find 17. How many sides does a polygon with 9 diagonals
the number of sides of this polygon. have?

A) 9 B) 10 C) 11 D) 12 E) 13 A) 15 B) 12 C) 9 D) 8 E) 6

13. ABCDEFGH is a 18. In the given quadrilateral ABCD,

[AH ] and [BH ] are angle
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regular convex polygon,

[GC ] and [HD] are bisector. If m(∠AHB) = 110 0
diagonals then find
then find m(∠C ) + m(∠D) .
©

m(∠GMD) .
A) 55 B) 110 C) 180 D) 220 E) 250
A) 108 B) 120 C) 132 D) 135 E) 145

19. What is the measure of an exterior angle of a regular

14. How many diagonals does a polygon with 12 sides convex polygon with 12 sides?
have?
A) 15 B) 20 C) 30 D) 36 E) 45
A) 54 B) 48 C) 44 D) 35 E) 28

20. In the given convex

pentagon, m(∠FED) = 30 0 ,
15. In the given regular
polygon (ABCDE…), m(∠DCG ) = 120 0
m(∠BHD) = 45 0 then m(∠EAB) = 100 0 and
find the number of the m(∠ABC ) = 130 0
sides of this polygon. then find m(∠EDC ) .

A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9 A) 110 B) 100 C) 95 D) 90 E) 85

80
POLYGONS TEST 2

1. How many diagonals does regular convex octagon 6. If the measure of an exterior angle of a regular polygon
have? 2
is times the measure of its interior angle. What is the
7
A) 32 B) 28 C) 20 D) 16 E) 8 measure of an interior angle of the polygon?

A) 144 B) 140 C) 135 D) 128 E) 120

2. In the given quadrilateral

[ ]
ABCD, AH and BH [ ]
are angle bisector. If
m(∠ADC ) = 120 0 , 7. In the given figure, ABCDE
m(∠BCD) = 80 0 is a regular convex pentagon
and DEF is an equilateral
then find m(∠H ) .
triangle then find m(∠APE ) .
A) 100 B) 110 C) 115 D) 130 E) 145
A) 64 B) 72 C) 84 D) 96 E) 108
KATEV

3. The measure of an interior angle of a regular convex

©

polygon is 1500, then find the number of the sides of this 8. The one exterior angle of a regular convex polygon is
0
polygon. 30 then find the number of its diagonals.

A) 6 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 15 A) 54 B) 48 C) 42 D) 36 E) 24

4. In the given regular

9. In the given figure ABCDE
convex pentagon,
is a regular convex pentagon
FAB is an equilateral
and DFC is an equilateral
triangle and then find
m(∠FCB ) . triangle then find m(∠ABF ) .

A) 24 B) 30 C) 36 D) 40 E) 42
A) 42 B) 48 C) 55 D) 60 E) 66

5. The area of a regular convex heptagon is 210 cm2. If the 10. The ratio of measure of one interior angle of a regular
height of one of the congruent triangles inside heptagon is convex polygon to one exterior angle is 9 then find the
6 cm then find the perimeter of the polygon. number of its diagonals.

A) 60 B) 70 C) 105 D) 140 E) 180 A) 16 B) 18 C) 20 D) 22 E) 24

81
Polygons Test 2

11. In the given figure ABCDEF 16. If the number of diagonals of a polygon is equal the
is a regular convex hexagon. number of its sides then find the sum of the interior angles
[DK ] is angle bisector and of the polygon.

m(∠KBA) = 25 0 then find

A) 270 B) 360 C) 540 D) 720 E) 900
m(∠DKB) .

A) 80 B) 85 C) 90 D) 95 E) 100

17. In the given figure

ABCDEF is a regular
convex hexagon and
12. If 9 diagonals can be drawn from one vertex of a then find x.
convex polygon, then find the number of its diagonals.

A) 44 B) 54 C) 65 D) 77 E) 90 A) 64 B) 70 C) 75 D) 84 E) 90
KATEV

13. ABCDEF… is a regular 18. The number of sides of a regular convex polygon is
convex polygon and 11, then how many right angles equals the sum of the
©

m(∠CEF ) = 120 0 . interior angles of the polygon?

What is the measure of
one interior angle of the A) 12 B) 15 C) 16 D) 18 E) 20
polygon?

A) 124 B) 128 C) 130 D) 132 E) 140

19. What is the measure of one interior angle of a regular

polygon if the number of diagonals passing through its
each vertex is 9?

14. What is the measure of an interior angle of a regular

convex polygon with 8 sides? A) 160 B) 156 C) 152 D) 150 E) 144

A) 45 B) 75 C) 90 D) 105 E) 135

20. In the given figure

ABCDE is a regular
convex pentagon and
15. What is the sum of the measures of the interior angles
AF = FC = FD .
of the polygon whose number of all diagonals is 5 times
What is the measure
the number of its sides.
of angle DFC ?

A) 720 B) 900 C) 1980 D) 1260 E) 1440

A) 54 B) 68 C) 72 D) 78 E) 84

82
 TRAPEZOID

TRAPEZOID of the median of a trapezoid

lying between the diagonals
A quadrilateral that has at is half the difference of the
least one pair of opposite lengths of the bases.
sides parallel is called a
trapezoid.
AB − DC a−c
KL = =
2 2

[ ]
6- In a trapezoid, EF is
median and point K is
PROPERTIES OF TRAPEZOID
midpoint of diagonal AC ,
KATEV

AC
1- In a trapezoid, if AB = a and DC = c then, then; AK = KC = ,
[AB] //[DC ] . c
2
EK = and KF = a
©

2 2
2- In a trapezoid, the sum of the measures of interior
angles, which are at the endpoints of any one of two
nonparallel sides equals 1800. TYPES OF TRAPEZOID

A- ISOSCELES TRAPEZOID
m(∠A) + m(∠D ) = 180 0 , m(∠B) + m(∠C ) = 180 0
If the non parallel sides namely the legs, of a trapezoid are
3- The segment that connects the midpoints of the non congruent , it is called an “isosceles trapezoid”.
parallel sides of a trapezoid is called “the median of the
trapezoid”. The median of a trapezoid is parallel to each
PROPERTIES OF ISOSCELES TRAPEZOID
base and its length is half the sum of the lengths of the
bases.
1- Base angles of an
isosceles trapezoid
a) AF = FD and BG = GC are congruent.
m(∠A) = m(∠B ) and
b) [AB] //[DC ] //[FG ] m ( ∠C ) = m ( ∠D )

AB + DC a+c
c) FG = = 2- ABCD is an isosceles
2 2
[DH ] ⊥ [AB]
trapezoid, If
and [CE ] ⊥ [ AB ] then
4- The median divides the height into two equal parts
AB − DC
LH AH = EB =
LK = KH = 2
2
5- The length of the segment

83
 TRAPEZOID

3- In an isosceles trapezoid, B- RIGHT TRAPEZOID

the lengths of the diagonals
of an isosceles trapezoid A trapezoid having one
are equal. right angle is called
“right trapezoid”.
AC = BD
m(∠A) = 90 0 and
m(∠D) = 90 0

4- In an isosceles trapezoid, PROPERTIES OF RIGHT TRAPEZOID

If the intersection point of
the diagonals of a trapezoid 1- In a right trapezoid, if the
is O and the height which diagonals are perpendicular
passes through the point to each other, then the length
O divides the bases into of the altitude equals the
two equal parts. geometric mean of the lengths
of the bases
DP = PC and AH = HB
h = a⋅c
KATEV

AREA OF TRAPEZOID
5- In an isosceles trapezoid,
If the diagonals perpendicular
©

The area of a trapezoid is

to each other, then the length one half the product of the
of the altitude is equal to one sum of the lengths of the
half the sum of the lengths bases and the length of
of the bases the altitude of the trapezoid.

a+c A( ABCD ) =
(a + c ) ⋅ h
If [AC ] ⊥ [BD] then CH =
2
2
PROPERTIES OF AREA OF TRAPEZOID

6- In an isosceles trapezoid,
1- In a trapezoid, [AC ] and
[BD] are diagonals and if
If the diagonals are
perpendicular to the
legs, then; A( KAB ) = m , A( KBC ) = q ,
A( KCD ) = n , A( AKD ) = p ,
then;
a2 − c2
h=
2 a) p = q = m⋅n
b) A( ABCD) = ( m + n ) 2

7- In an isosceles trapezoid,
the union of the midpoints of 2- In a trapezoid, if
the sides of the trapezoid AP = PD , then;
forms a rhombus.
A( ABCD)
A( PBC ) =
EF = FG = GH = HE 2

84
TRAPEZOID TEST 1

1. ABCD is a trapezoid, 5. The area is trapezoid ABCD

E and F are midpoints is 96 cm2, CH = 8 cm,
of given sides. DC = 6 cm DC = 4 cm, then find
and EF = 9 cm, find AB .
AB .
A) 14 B) 16 C) 20 D) 24 E) 30
A) 10 B) 11 C) 12 D) 13 E) 14

6. ABCD is a trapezoid
and m(∠A) = 45 0
2. ABCD is a trapezoid
m(∠C ) = 150 0 and
and [AB] //[CD] , according
DC = 6 cm, BC = 12 cm
the figure which of the
following is correct? then find A( ABCD ) .
KATEV

A) α + β = 90 B) α + β = 135 C) α + β = 180 A) 12 + 6 3 B) 24 + 3 3 C) 54 + 6 3
D) α + β = 200 E) 2α + β = 180 (
D) 18 3 + 3 ) E) 48 + 16 3
©

7. ABCD is a right trapezoid

3. ABCD is a trapezoid, DC = 5 cm, BC = 4 cm,
m(∠ABC ) = ax , m(∠DAB ) = x m(∠A) = 45 0 then find
m(BCD ) = 3x , m(∠CDA) = bx A( ABCD )
then find the b − a .
A) 24 B) 26 C) 28 D) 32 E) 36
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6

8. ABCD is a trapezoid
DC = 6 cm, AE = 5 cm,
4. ABCD is a trapezoid and A( AEFD ) = A(EBCF )
[EF ] is median (mid base) EB = 3 cm, then
find a+c. find CF .

A) 8 B) 10 C) 12 D) 13 E) 15 A) 4 B) 4.5 C) 5 D) 5.5 E) 6

85
Trapezoid Test 1

9. ABCD is a trapezoid and 13. ABCD is a right trapezoid

AECD is a parallelogram DC = 5 cm, AB = 9 cm,
AB = 10 cm, CD = 6 cm, DE = 2 cm, EA = 4 cm .
A( AECD ) = 48 cm2 Find the shaded area.
find A(CEB ) .
A) 19 B) 23 C) 26 D) 29 E) 35

A) 12 B) 16 C) 18 D) 20 E) 24

14. ABCD is a right trapezoid

10. ABCD is a right trapezoid m(∠C ) = 135 0 , DC = 6 cm,

AD = 8 cm and BC = 8 2 cm, find A( ABCD ) .
A( ABCD ) = 88 cm 2

find a + c .
A) 48 B) 48 2 C) 80 D) 120 E) 160

A) 11 B) 13 C) 16 D) 22 E) 25
KATEV
©

15. ABCD is a trapezoid

and CDFE is a parallelogram.

11. ABCD is a trapezoid [EF] CE = EB , A( ABCD) = 38 cm2

is median (mid base) and A(CDFE ) = 10 cm2

EF = 10 cm, [CD ] ⊥ [HB ] , then find A(DAEF ) .

HB = 6 cm, find A( ABCD ) .

A) 10 B) 11 C) 12 D) 13 E) 14

A) 60 B) 50 C) 45 D) 30 E) 25

16. ABCD is a trapezoid,

AB = 2. DC and
12. ABCD is a trapezoid [EF] 2. AB = 5. EF . If
is median (mid base) DL = LK = KC
EF = 12 cm, [KH ] ⊥ [AB ] , A( ABCD)
then find .
KH = 4 cm, find A( EFKL)
A( ABCD ) .
35 40 42 44 45
A) B) C) D) E)
A) 48 B) 64 C) 96 D) 144 E) 192 9 9 11 13 17

86
TRAPEZOID TEST 2

1. ABCD is an isosceles 5. ABCD is a trapezoid

trapezoid DC = 8 cm, m(∠A) = 45 0 , m(∠B ) = 30 0 ,
BC = 6 cm, m(∠C ) = 120 0 DC = 4 cm, BC = 8 cm
find A( ABCD ) . find A( ABCD ) .

A) 11 3 B) 22 3 C) 33 3 (
A) 8 3 + 3 ) B) 12 + 3 (
C) 4 3 + 3 )
D) 36 3 E) 33 3 D) 3 3 E) 12 + 2 3

2. ABCD is a right trapezoid 6. ABCD is a trapezoid

DC = 6 cm, AD = 8 cm DC = 3 cm, AD = 6 cm,
and A( ABCD ) = 72 cm 2
A( ABCD ) = 33 cm2
then find BC .
KATEV

find BC .

A) 10 B) 12 C) 15 D) 18 E) 21
4 3 51 6 2 56 61
©

A) B) C) D) E)

3. ABCD is a trapezoid and

DC = c , AB = a , a = 5c 7. In a trapezoid, height is 6 cm and the difference
A( ABCD )
between the length of parallel sides is 4 cm. If
then find A( ABCD ) = 96 cm2 find the longest parallel side.
A(DEC )

A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7 A) 14 B) 16 C) 18 D) 20 E) 22

4. ABCD is an isosceles 8. In the given figure ABCD

trapezoid, m(∠D ) = 120 0 is a square and CDE is right

AD = 6 cm, AB = 12 cm triangle A(CDE ) = 12 cm2,

find A( ABCD ) . ED = 6 cm, find A( ABCE ) .

A) 33 3 B) 27 3 C) 18 3 D) 9 3 E) 6 3 A) 14 B) 28 C) 36 D) 42 E) 45

87
Trapezoid Test 2

9. ABCD is a right trapezoid 13. ABCD is an isosceles

BE = DC = 6 cm, trapezoid and E, F, G are
mid points of given sides
AE = 8 cm, AF = FB each shaded triangle is an
and A( ABCD ) = 72 cm2 equilateral triangle.
then find the shaded area. A( ABCD )
Find .
shaded parts
A) 6 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 14
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7

10. ABCD is a trapezoid 14. ABCD is a trapezoid

A( ABCD ) = 45 cm , =
2 2 CM ( )
A ABCD = 32 cm2,
CD 3 2
AB − DC = 16 cm
2

and AP = 2 PB then find DH = 8 cm, find DC .

A( APCM ) .
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
KATEV

A) 15 B) 20 C) 22.5 D) 25 E) 30
©

15. ABCD is a trapezoid,

[AC ] ⊥ [BD] and
11. ABCD is a trapezoid
AC = 16 cm. If
[ ] [ ]
DE and CE are
angle bisector of D BD = 12 cm, AB = 13 cm
and C respectively then find DC .
m(∠A) + m(∠B ) = 142 0
then find m(∠DEC ) . A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9

A) 71 B) 64 C) 52 D) 48 E) 42

16. ABCD is a trapezoid,

[EF ] //[AB] and
DC = DE = 4 cm. If
12. ABCD is a trapezoid
AD = DC , and EF = 6 cm, EA = 3 cm
m(∠CAB ) = 46 0 then find AB .
then find m(∠D )
15 17
A) 7 B) C) 8 D) E) 9
A) 55 B) 66 C) 77 D) 88 E) 99 2 2

88
 Parallelogram

PARALLELOGRAM bisect each other.

A quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel is called

“parallelogram”. Parallelogram is a special kind of the OA = OC and
trapezoid.
OD = OB , also

PROPERTIES OF PARALLELOGRAM m(∠BAC ) = m(∠ACD)

m(∠BDC ) = m(∠DBA)
1- In a parallelogram, the
opposite sides are parallel

[AB] //[DC ] and 6- The measure of the

KATEV

[AD] //[BC ]
angle formed by the
bisectors of two
consecutive interior
©

angles of a parallelogram
0
is 90 .
2- In a parallelogram, the
length of the opposite
sides are equal.

AREA OF PARALLELOGRAM
AB = DC and
AD = BC 1- The area of a parallelogram
equals the product of
the length of any base
and the length of the
3- In a parallelogram, the corresponding altitude.
measure of the opposite
angles are equal.

A( ABCD) = a ⋅ ha = b ⋅ hb
m(∠A) = m(∠C ) and
m(∠B) = m(∠D )

2- The area of a parallelogram

4- In a parallelogram, the consecutive angles are ABCD with sides a and b is
supplementary.

A( ABCD) = a ⋅ b ⋅ sin A
m(∠A) + m(∠B ) = m(∠B) + m(∠C ) = 180 0
m(∠C ) + m(∠D ) = m(∠D ) + m(∠A) = 180 0

5- Diagonals of a parallelogram

89
 PARALLELOGRAM

PROPERTIES OF AREA OF PARALLELOGRAM 5- In the given parallelograms, the shaded areas are
equal to each other and half the area of parallelograms.

1- For any point P inside

A( ABCD)
parallelogram ABCD, A( ABE ) = A( BCF ) =
2

A( ABCD )
A( PAD ) + A( PBC ) =
2

A( ABCD)
A( PAB) + A( PCD) =
2

6- In the given parallelograms, points E and F are the mid

2- Points E, F and G are the midpoints of parallelogram
ABCD [ ] [ ]
points of the sides AB and BC consecutively, then
then AK = KL = KC A( ABCD)
S1 = S 2 = S 3 = S 4 = and
4
A( ABCD )
A( DEBF ) =
2
KATEV
©

3- In the given parallelograms ABCD, [AC ] and [BD]

are diagonals, then; S1 = S 2 and S1 = S 2 = S 3 = S 4 7- In the given parallelograms, points E, F, G and H are
consecutively. the mid points of the sides [AB] , [BC ] , [CD] and
[DA] consecutively, and A( ABCD) = S then;

8- In the given parallelogram,

4- Point E is any point
[ ]
points E and F are the mid
on DC , then the
[ ]
points of the sides CD
shaded area is;
and [BC ] consecutively,
A( ABCD ) and A( ABCD) = S
A( ABE ) =
2 3⋅ S
then; A( AEF ) =
8

90
PARALLELOGRAM TEST 1

1. ABCD is a parallelogram 5. ABCD is a parallelogram

[BE ] ⊥ [AD], m(∠D ) = 130 0
[CE ] ⊥ [BE ] , CE = 1 AB
find m(∠EBC ) . 2
m(∠DBA) = 30 0 then find
m(∠BCE ) .
A) 70 B) 80 C) 90 D) 85 E) 100

A) 15 B) 20 C) 25 D) 30 E) 35

2. ABCD is a parallelogram 6. In the given parallelogram

[ AE ] and [BE ] are angle EC = 3 cm, AB = 7 cm
bisector. AD = DE m(∠ABC ) = 150 0 and
and EB = BC , m(∠AED ) = 15 0 then
find m(∠DAE ) . find the area of
parallelogram.
KATEV

A) 60 B) 50 C) 45 D) 40 E) 30 A) 7 B) 14 C) 21 D) 28 E) 35
©

3. The given figure is parallelogram 7. In a parallelogram the consecutive two angles has the
m(∠D ) = 120 , EA = AK ,
0
3
ratio of . Then find the small angle.
then find m(∠DKC ) . 7

A) 18 B) 54 C) 72 D) 126 E) 144
A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 40 E) 45

4. ABCD is a parallelogram
m(∠AOD ) = 75 0 , 8. In the given parallelogram
m(∠ACD ) = 30 0 A( ADB ) = 25 cm2 then
find m(∠ABO ) . find A( AEB ) .

A) 30 B) 35 C) 45 D) 50 E) 60 A) 25 B) 30 C) 40 D) 50 E) 60

91
Parallelogram Test 1

9. In the given parallelogram 13. ABCD is a parallelogram.

A( ABCD ) = 158 cm2 and D is an any point in ABCD.
A( AEB ) = 66 cm2 then The sum of areas of shaded

find A(EBF ) .
2
parts is 28cm then find the
area of ABCD.

A) 13 B) 26 C) 28 D) 33 E) 40 A) 35 B) 42 C) 56 D) 84 E) 96

10. In the given parallelogram 14. ABCD is a parallelogram,

E is any point on [DC ] , [AC ] and [BD] are angle
A( AEB ) = 65 cm2 then bisectors. If AF = 2. FB
find A( ADE ) + A(BEC ) . and A( DEF ) = 2 ,
then find A( ABCD) .
A) 32.5 B) 47.5 C) 65 D) 72.5 E) 85
KATEV

A) 16 B) 18 C) 20 D) 24 E) 30
©

11. ABCD is a parallelogram 15. ABCD is a parallelogram,

[ ]
E is a midpoint of AB . The [DF ] and [AF ] are angle
shaded area is 8 cm2 find bisector. If [DC ] ⊥ [EF ] ,
A( ABCD ) . EF = 3 cm, AB = 16 cm,

A) 56 B) 64 C) 72 D) 96 E) 108 then find A( ABCD) .

A) 60 B) 72 C) 84 D) 92 E) 96

16. ABCD is a parallelogram,

12. ABCD is a parallelogram
and E is midpoint of side [AB] , [AL] and [BK ] are angle
bisector. The perimeter
if A( ABCD ) = 156 cm2 of ABCD is 36 cm and
then find the shaded area. KL = 3 cm then find x.

A) 54 B) 48 C) 26 D) 13 E) 7 A) 15 B) 14 C) 13 D) 12 E) 11

92
PARALLELOGRAM TEST 2

1. The area of given parallelogram 5. The area of given

is 24 cm2 K and L are parallelogram is 80 cm2,
mid points of given sides
AB and AD divided
then find A( AKL ) .
into 4 equal parts. Then
find the shaded area.
A) 10 B) 9 C) 8 D) 7 E) 6
A) 20 B) 30 C) 40 D) 50 E) 60

2. ABCD is a parallelogram.
[CK ] is an angle bisector 6. In the given parallelogram,
of angle C and AK = 2 cm m(∠DCE ) = 30 0 and
AD = 4 cm then m(∠EAB ) = 60 0
find DC . then find m(∠AEC ) .
KATEV

A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
A) 110 B) 120 C) 130 D) 140 E) 150
©

3. ABCD is a parallelogram
DM = MN = NP = PQ 7. In the given figure ABCD is
PQ = QR = RS = SC a parallelogram [AE ] ⊥ [EB]
and A( ADM ) = 6 cm 2 find the area of shaded part
find the area of ABCD. if AE = 8 cm, BE = 6 cm.

A) 84 B) 72 C) 64 D) 56 E) 42 A) 12 B) 18 C) 24 D) 28 E) 40

4. In the given figure ABCD 8. ABCD is a parallelogram

is a parallelogram, [EB] m(∠DAB ) = 60 0 ,
is angle bisector of m(∠EDC ) = 30 0
angle B, m(∠A) = 70 0
and m(∠CBE ) = 20 0
find m(∠E ) . then find m(∠DEB ) .

A) 40 B) 55 C) 60 D) 70 E) 75 A) 10 B) 15 C) 25 D) 30 E) 35

93
Parallelogram Test 2

9. In the given parallelogram 13. ABCD is a parallelogram

CH 1 AC = 4 3 cm, BC = 2 3 cm
= , CF = FE = EB
AB 3 and m(∠ACB ) = 30 0 then
and A( AEF ) = 18 cm 2
find A( ABCD )
find CH .
A) 3 3 B) 8 3 C) 12 D) 12 3 E) 16
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 8 E) 10

14. ABCD is a parallelogram,

DE = EC , and
10. ABCD is a parallelogram
3 1 m(∠DAB) = 45 0 .
FD = AD , DE = DC
4 5 If AD = 8 2 cm,
and A( ABCD ) = 80 cm2
AB = 15 cm, then
then find the area of
A(BEDF ) .
find A( ABCD)
KATEV

A) 30 B) 38 C) 40 D) 48 E) 60 A) 45 B) 60 C) 75 D) 90 E) 120
©

15. ABCD is a parallelogram,

11. ABCD is a parallelogram
m(∠BEA) = 60 0 and If
AB = 24 cm, [ AD] ⊥ [BD]
AE = 6 3 cm If
m(∠ABD ) = 30 0 then find
the area of ABCD.
BE = 8 cm, then
find A( ABCD )
A) 72 B) 108 C) 96 3 D) 144 3 E) 180
A) 72 B) 76 C) 80 D) 84 E) 96

16. ABCD is a parallelogram,

12. ABCD is a parallelogram
3 ⋅ A( DAE ) = A(CEB) .
AD = 12 cm, DC = 32 cm
3 If A( DEC ) = 20 0 and
and m( ABC ) = 120 0 cm, A( EAB) = 28 then
find A( ABCD ) . find A(DAE ) .

A) 144 B) 162 C) 172 D) 188 E) 192 A) 20 B) 18 C) 16 D) 12 E) 10

94
PARALLELOGRAM TEST 3

1. In the given figure 5. In the ABCD parallelogram

E, F, G, H are midpoints m(∠ACB ) = 30 0 ,
A( ABCD ) = 120 cm , 2
m(∠AED ) = 70 0
find m(∠ADB ) .
then find the shaded
area.

A) 100 B) 90 C) 60 D) 50 E) 30 A) 60 B) 70 C) 80 D) 85 E) 90

2. In the given parallelogram 6. In the given figure

1 3
E an F are midpoints of KL = DC , MN = AB .
given sides. If the area of 4 5
A( ABCD ) = 120 cm2
A( ABCD ) = 64 cm2 find
find the shaded area.
the shaded area.
KATEV

A) 51 B) 68 C) 85 D) 92 E) 102
A) 16 B) 24 C) 36 D) 48 E) 60
©

3. In the given figure is 7. ABCD is a parallelogram

parallelogram m(∠B ) = x AD = 12 cm, m(∠B ) = 150 0
m(∠A) = 4 x − 20 0 , AB = 20 cm, find
find m(∠D ) . A( ABCD ) .

A) 60 B) 55 C) 50 D) 45 E) 40 A) 60 3 B) 75 3 C) 120 D) 180 E) 240

4. In the given figure 8. ABCD is a parallelogram

m(∠A) = ⋅ m(∠B ) ,
2 and P is any point in ABCD.
2
7 If shaded area is 48 cm ,
then find m(∠D ) . find the area of ABCD.

A) 40 B) 80 C) 120 D) 140 E) 160 A) 64 B) 72 C) 80 D) 84 E) 96

95
Parallelogram Test 3

9. In the given parallelogram 13. In the given ABCD

E is the midpoint of side is a parallelogram
BC , if the shaded a = 15 cm, ha = 6 cm,
area is 6 cm2 then hb = 18 cm then find b .
(
find A ABCD . )
A) 5 B) 9 C) 10 D) 12 E) 15
A) 30 B) 36 C) 54 D) 72 E) 87

14. ABCD is a parallelogram,

10. In the given figure EC = 8 cm, DF = 2 cm. If
E and F are midpoints. BF = 6 cm then find x.
A( ABCD ) = 96 cm 2

then find the shaded

A) 8 B) 10 C) 12 D) 16 E) 18
area A(KAF ) .
KATEV

A) 12 B) 18 C) 24 D) 36 E) 42
©

15. ABCD is a parallelogram,

[DE ] ⊥ [EF ] , AE = EB
If CF = FB , DE = 6 cm
11. ABCD is a parallelogram
2 1 EF = 7 cm then find the
EB = AE , BF = BC
3 3 shaded area.
A( ABCD ) = 90 cm2
then find the shaded A) 56 B) 42 C) 35 D) 28 E) 21
area.

A) 45 B) 39 C) 33 D) 25 E) 18

16. ABCD is a parallelogram,

[AF ] and [BF ] are angle
bisector. [ AB ] ⊥ [EH ] ,
12. ABCD is a parallelogram, E AH = 9 cm, HB = 1 cm.
and F are midpoints of given
A( ABCD) = 50 cm2
A( ABCD ) = 132cm 2
If
sides.
then find A(GFC ) .
then find EF = x

3 5
A) 1 B) C) 2 D) E) 3
A) 9 B) 11 C) 12 D) 22 E) 28 2 2

96
 rectangle

RECTANGLE bisect each other.

A parallelogram with OA = OC and

four right angles is
called a “rectangle”.
OD = OB , also

m(∠BAC ) = m(∠ACD)
m(∠BDC ) = m(∠DBA)
PROPERTIES OF RECTANGLE
7- Diagonals divide the
1- In a rectangle, the rectangle, similar isosceles
opposite sides are pairs of triangles
KATEV

parallel
AOB ≅ DOC and
[AB] //[DC ] and AOD ≅ BOC
[AD] //[BC ]
©

A( ABCD )
A( AOB) = A( DOC ) =
4
A( ABCD)
2- In a rectangle, the A( AOD) = A( BOC ) =
4
length of the opposite
sides are equal.
8- In a rectangle, P is any
AB = DC and point in the triangle, then;

AD = BC
2 2 2 2
PA + PC = PB + PD

3- In a rectangle, the
NOTE: Rectangle has all the properties of parallelogram.
measure of the
angles are equal.

m(∠A) = m(∠B) = 90 0 ,
AREA OF RECTANGLE
m(∠C ) = m(∠D) = 90 0
1- The area of a rectangle
equals the product of
5- Diagonals of a rectangle the length and the width.
are equal to each other.

AC = BD A( ABCD) = a ⋅ b

6- Diagonals of a rectangle

97
 RECTANGLE

PROPERTIES OF AREA OF RECTANGLE 5- In the given rectangles, the shaded areas are equal to
each other and half the area of parallelograms.

1- For any point P inside

A( ABCD )
rectangle ABCD, A( ABE ) = A( AFD) =
2

A( ABCD)
A( PAD) + A( PBC ) =
2

A( ABCD)
A( PAB) + A( PCD) =
2

6- In the given rectangles, points E and F are the mid

2- Points E and F are the midpoints of the rectangle points of the sides [AB] and [BC ] consecutively, then
ABCD then AK = KL = KC
A( ABCD)
S1 = S 2 = S 3 = S 4 = and
4
A( ABCD )
A( DEBF ) =
2
KATEV
©

3- In the given rectangles ABCD, [AC ] and [BD] are

7- In the given rectangles, points E, F, G and H are the
diagonals, then; S A = S B and S1 = S 2 = S 3 = S 4
consecutively. mid points of the sides [AB] [BC ] [CD] and
[DA] consecutively, and A( ABCD) = S then;

8- In the given rectangle,

4- Point E is any point on points G and F are the mid
[DC ] , then the shaded points of the sides [CD] and
area is; [BC ] consecutively, and
A( ABCD) A( ABCD) = S then;
A( ABE ) =
2 3⋅ S
A( AFG ) =
8

98
RECTANGLE TEST 1

1. ABCD is a rectangle 5. ABCD is a rectangle

(a − b ) = 6 cm, DF = FC , AE = EB
AC = 16 cm and the sum of shaded
find A( ABCD ) . 24 cm2, find
areas is
A( ABCD ) .
A) 75 B) 110 C) 128 D) 146 E) 160
A) 30 B) 36 C) 48 D) 72 E) 78

2. ABCD is a rectangle
AC = CE = 2a and
6. In the given figure ABCD is
m(∠CEA) = 15 0 find a rectangle, AC = 15 cm and
the area of ( ABCD ) .
perimeter of ( ABCD) = 50 cm
find A( ABCD ) .
A) 4a 2 B) 2a 2 3 C) a2 3
KATEV

a2 3
D) E) a2 2 A) 100 B) 136 C) 150 D) 196 E) 200
2
©

3. In the given rectangle

7. ABCD is a rectangle
AB = BE , AB = a ,
AD = DE = 5 cm,
BC = b , find the
FB = 2 cm, then
perimeter of ( ADF ) . find shaded area.

A) 2a + b B) 2+b 2 C) 2b + b 2 A) 12.5 B) 17.5 C) 22.5 D) 27.5 E) 30

D) 2b + 2 E) a+b 2

8. ABCD is a rectangle E and

4. ABCD is a rectangle
A( ABCD ) = 76 cm
F are mid points of given
(
sides. A AGC = 12 cm )
A( AKB ) = 24 cm find
then find A( ABCD ) .
the shaded area.

A) 28 B) 36 C) 48 D) 52 E) 56 A) 48 B) 60 C) 66 D) 72 E) 84

99
Rectangle Test 1

9. ABCD is a rectangle E 13. ABCD is a rectangle E

and F are midpoints of is any point on DC ,[ ]
given sides. LN = 3 cm A( AEB ) = 52 cm then 2

then find LB . find the area of ( ABCD ) .

A) 12 B) 9 C) 6 D) 4.5 E) 3 A) 52 B) 78 C) 92 D) 104 E) 156

14. ABCD is a rectangle,

AE = 3 cm, DE = 4 cm.
10. The perimeter of given
If CE = 6 cm, then find
rectangle ABCD is 36 cm.
find the maximum possible BE = x
value of area of ABCD.

A) 17 B) 22 C) 29 D) 31 E) 35
A) 72 B) 77 C) 80 D) 81 E) 84
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©

15. ABCD is a rectangle,

[AE ] ⊥ [EF ] and
11. ABCD is a rectangle [CD] EC = CF = 2 cm.
is divided into 5 equal parts,
[BC ] is divided into 3 equal If FB = 4 cm then

parts. A( ABCD ) = 120 cm find AE = x .

2

find the shaded area.

A) 6 3 B) 8 C) 10 D) 4 2 E) 6 2
A) 56 B) 64 C) 66 D) 72 E) 84

16. ABCD is a rectangle,

m(∠CDB) = 30 0 and
12. ABCD is a rectangle E DF = 2. FA .
and F are midpoints of given
EC = 12 cm then
A( ABCD ) = 108 cm2
If
sides.
find the shared area.
find A( FEB ) .

A) 63 B) 72 C) 76 D) 81 E) 90 A) 18 3 B) 24 3 C) 32 3 D) 36 3 E) 48 3

100
RECTANGLE TEST 2

1. In a rectangle, long side is 3 times greater then short 5. In the given rectangle
side. If we cut 1 cm from each side the perimeter will be 36 ABCD, CD = 30 cm,
cm. Find the area of rectangle at first.
EB = 12 cm, BC = 16 cm
A) 45 B) 60 C) 75 D) 80 E) 84 find the shaded area.

A) 228 B) 240 C) 144 D) 120 E) 112

2. The perimeter of the

given rectangle is 24 cm.
6. The perimeter of a rectangle is 30 cm. and the area of
1 1 3
if + = then find same rectangle is 54 cm2, then find the diagonal of this
x y 8
rectangle.
the area of given rectangle.
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A) 18 B) 20 C) 24 D) 30 E) 32 A) 3 3 B) 3 6 C) 3 7 D) 3 10 E) 3 13
©

2 7. ABCD is a rectangle
3. A rectangle with an area 24 cm is divided into some
congruent squares with a side 2 cm then find the number AE = 8 cm, BE = 6 cm
of the squares. [AE ] ⊥ [EB] then find the
area of shaded part.
A) 4 B) 6 C) 12 D) 18 E) 20

A) 12 B) 15 C) 18 D) 24 E) 48

4. In the given rectangle

ABCD, AD = DE = 2 cm 8. ABCD is a rectangle
AB = 5 cm, m(∠AEF ) = 90 0
A(KAB ) = 16 cm2, then
then find the shaded area. find the shaded area.

A) 7 B) 6 C) 5 D) 4 E) 3 A) 16 B) 18 C) 20 D) 24 E) 28

101
Rectangle Test 2

9. ABCD is a rectangle 13. ABCD is a rectangle E and

divided into 1 cm sided F are midpoints of given sides.
squares, AB = 7 cm The perimeter of rectangle
KEBF = 18 cm, then find the
AD = 4 cm, then find perimeter of ABCD.
A( ABGECD ) .
A) 36 B) 32 C) 30 D) 27 E) 24
A) 22 B) 21 C) 20 D) 19 E) 18

14. ABCD is a rectangle,

[FK ] ⊥ [CB] and
10. ABCD is a rectangle DE = 2. EC
E, F, G and H are mid points then find FK = x .
AB = 16 cm, BC = 12 cm
and then find the shaded
area. A) 9 B) 10 C) 11 D) 12 E) 13
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A) 28 B) 48 C) 96 D) 104 E) 108
©

15. ABCD is a rectangle,

[DE ] ⊥ [AC ] , AB = 6 cm.
11. In the given figure If CB = 4 cm then find EC .
ABCD and DEFG
are rectangles,
AD = EF = 3 cm 9 10 12 16 18
A) B) C) D) E)
AB = GF = 5 cm, then 13 13 13 13 13
find the area of shaded part.

A) 28 B) 21 C) 15 D) 12 E) 9

16. ABCD is a rectangle,

AE = EF and
DA = 6 cm. If EC = 5 cm
12. The difference between long side and short side of a and FB = 2 cm then find
rectangle is 5 cm, and the sum of given sides is 15 cm.
A( ABCD) .
find the area of given rectangle.

A) 30 B) 50 C) 65 D) 75 E) 84 A) 36 B) 42 C) 48 D) 52 E) 56

102
 Square

SQUARE bisect each other and

they are the angle bisector
A rectangle with all of the angle which they belong.
sides congruent is
called a square. OA = OC , OD = OB , also

m(∠BAC ) = m(∠ACD) = 45 0
PROPERTIES OF SQUARE m(∠BDC ) = m(∠DBA) = 45 0

1- In a square, the opposite 7- The length of a diagonal

sides are parallel. in a square with one side a is,
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[AB] //[DC ] and e=a 2

[AD] //[BC ]
©

8- Diagonals divide the

square, similar isosceles
2- In a square, the lengths
pairs of triangles
of sides are equal.
AOB ≅ DOC ≅ AOD ≅ BOC ,
AB = BC = CD = DA A( AOB) = A( DOC ) =
A( ABCD)
4
A( ABCD)
A( AOD) = A( BOC ) =
4
3- In a square, the measure
of the angles are equal.
9- In a square, P is any
m(∠A) = m(∠B) = 90 0 , point in the triangle, then;

m(∠C ) = m(∠D) = 90 0 2 2 2 2
PA + PC = PB + PD

5- Diagonals of a square
intersect each other AREA OF SQUARE
perpendicularly and they
1- The area of a square equals the
are equal.
product of the length and width.

AC ⊥ BD and
A( ABCD) = a ⋅ a = a 2
AC = BD

6- Diagonals of a square

103
 SQUARE

2- The area of a square equals 5- In the given squares, the shaded areas are equal to
the half the square of the length each other and half the area of squares.
of one diagonal
(Diagonal is called e = a 2 ). A( ABCD)
A( ABE ) = A( BCF ) =
2
e2
A( ABCD) =
2

PROPERTIES OF AREA OF SQUARE

1- For any point P inside square

ABCD,
6- In the given squares, points E and F are the mid points
A( PAD) + A( PBC ) =
A( ABCD) of the sides [AB] and [BC ] consecutively, then
2
A( ABCD)
A( PAB) + A( PCD) =
A( ABCD) S1 = S 2 = S 3 = S 4 = and
2 4
A( ABCD )
2- Points E and F are the midpoints of square ABCD then A( DEBF ) =
KATEV

2
AK = KL = KC
©

7- In the given squares, points E, F, G and H are the mid

3- In the given squares ABCD, [AC ] and [BD] are [ ][ ][ ]
points of the sides AB BC CD and

diagonals, then; S A = S B and S1 = S 2 = S 3 = S 4 [DA] consecutively, and A( ABCD) = S then;

consecutively.

8- In the given square,

4- Point E is any point on points E and F are the
[ ]
DC , then the mid points of the sides
shaded area is;
[ ]
BC and CD [ ]
consecutively, and
A( ABCD)
A( ABE ) = A( ABCD) = S then;
2
3⋅ S
A( AEF ) =
8

104
SQUARE TEST 1

1. The length of a diagonal of a square is 14. if we 5. Find the perimeter of square if the length of its diagonal
decrease the length of sides by 1 cm. How much the area is 12 cm.
decreases?
A) 12 2 B) 24 2 C) 36 2
A) 7 2 B) 7 2 −1 C) 14 2 D) 48 2 E) 54 2
D) 14 2 − 1 E) 7 3−7

6. ABCD is a square
m(∠DEB ) = 120 0
2. In the given figure ABCD
is a square, AED is an AE = 3 cm then
equilateral triangle find A( ABCD ) .
then find m(∠DKA) .
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A) 12 B) 18 C) 27 D) 36 E) 42
A) 60 B) 70 C) 75 D) 80 E) 85
©

7. If the perimeter of a square is 16 3 cm. Then find the

area of given square.
3. Find the area of square if the length of its diagonal is
12 cm.
A) 48 B) 64 C) 96 D) 144 E) 192

A) 36 B) 48 C) 60 D) 66 E) 72

8. ABCD is a square and

4. ABCD is a square
[DE ] and [AB] is divided
and AEB is an into 4 equal parts,
equilateral triangle A( ABCD )
then find .
then find m(∠CDE ) . A(CFE )

A) 10 B) 15 C) 20 D) 25 E) 30 A) 12 B) 10 C) 8 D) 6 E) 4

105
Square Test 1

9. Find the area of a square if its perimeter is 28 m. 13. ABCD is a square

AE = EF = FH = HB = 1 cm
A) 49 B) 64 C) 72 D) 84 E) 96
DM = ML = LK = KC = 1 cm
find the sum of shaded areas.

A) 6 B) 7 C) 8 D) 10 E) 12

10. ABCD is a square and

E, F, G and H are
mid points of the sides of
square then find
A( ABCD ) 14. ABCD is a square
.
A(KLMN )
and E, F are midpoints,
S1
then find .
S2
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7

1 5 1 1 1
A) B) C) D) E)
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2 12 12 6 8
©

11. ABCD is a square

DB = AE and
AC = 12 cm, find the
shaded area.
15. ABC is an equilateral
triangle DEGF is a
square, then find
72 2 36 2 − 1 12 − 6 2
m(∠DPG ) .
A) B) C)

D) 36 2 − 36 E) 72 2 − 36
A) 100 B) 105 C) 115 D) 120 E) 135

12. In the given figure ABCD 16. ABCD is a square,

is a square and E, F, G are AB = 6 cm and
midpoints then find
BF = 3 cm, then
shaded area
.
A( ABCD ) find CE .

9 11 13 17 19 7 9
A) B) C) D) E) A) 3 B) C) 4 D) E) 5
20 20 20 20 20 2 2

106
SQUARE TEST 2

1. ABCD is a square, 5. ABCD is a square

AEB is an equilateral BEC is an equilateral
triangle then find
(
m ∠EFB . ) triangle find m (∠AKE ) .

A) 105 B) 110 C) 115 D) 120 E) 125 A) 100 B) 105 C) 110 D) 115 E) 120

6. ABCD is a square and

2. ABCD is a square AE = EC = 6 cm,
AED and AFB are
DE = 3 2 cm, then
equilateral triangles
find m(∠DKF ) . find m(∠AEC ) .
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A) 150 B) 140 C) 130 D) 120 E) 110

A) 60 B) 75 C) 80 D) 90 E) 95
©

7. ABC is an equilateral
triangle DEFG is a square
and A( AFG ) = 5 3 cm
3. ABCD is a square 2

A(DEFG ) .
CEB is an equilateral
triangle find then find

m(∠DEA) .
25 3
A) 15 B) 20 C) 25 D) 30 E) 35 A) 28 B) 20 3 C) 20 D) E) 30
4

8. ABCD is a square and

4. ABCD is a square E, F, G and H are the
BE = AC then mid points AB = 15 cm
find m(∠DFC ) . then find the shaded area.

A) 52.5 B) 65 C) 67.5 D) 72.5 E) 75 A) 30 B) 35 C) 40 D) 45 E) 50

107
Square Test 2

9. ABCD is a square and 13. ABCD is a square and

CE = EB , AB = 6 2 cm E, F are midpoints. If the

find the shaded area. shaded area is 24 3 cm2

then find A( ABCD ) .

A) 2 2 B) 3 2 C) 4 2 D) 6 E) 12
A) 72 3 B) 64 3 C) 48 3
D) 36 3 E) 64 3

14. ABCD and EFGH are

10. ABCD is a square and
squares, E, F, G, H are
1
CF = AC , DE = EA , mid points, if GK = KL = LF
2
Shaded area
AB = 6 3 cm, then find then find .
A (ABCD )
A(EFC ) .

1 1 1 3 1
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A) 12.5 B) 13.5 C) 16 D) 24 E) 26 A) B) C) D) E)
8 12 6 8 4
©

15. ABCD is a square,

11. Perimeter of a square is equal to its area. Find its FA = KB = 3 cm
diagonal’s length.
and AB = 8 cm then
find A( EFBK ) .
A) 2 2 B) 3 2 C) 4 2 D) 8 2 E) 16 2

A) 24 B) 28 C) 32 D) 36 E) 42

12. The sum of length of sides of an equilateral triangle 16. ABCD is a square,

and a square is equal then find

Area of square
.
m(∠EAB ) = 75 0 , m(∠FBA) = 75 0
Area of triangle [ ] [ ]
If DE ⊥ EA and CF ⊥ FB [ ] [ ]
AB
3 3 3 3 4 3 then find .
A) B) C) EF
2 4 2
9 3 4 6 3 2 1 1 1
D) E) A) B) C) D) E)
4 3 4 3 4 3 2

108
SQUARE TEST 3

1. ABCD is a square and E, F 5. ABCD is a square

are midpoints. AB = 9 2 cm and DE = 2 EA ,
then find the shaded area. find m(∠DEB ) .

A) 54 B) 81 C) 108 D) 124 E) 132 A) 100 B) 110 C) 120 D) 130 E) 140

2. The area of an equilateral triangle is 36 3 cm2 if its 6. In the figure each figure
perimeter is equal to perimeter of a square. Find the area is square and each vertex
of square. is on the midpoint of outer
square. The perimeter of
biggest square is 64 cm.
A) 64 B) 81 C) 100 D) 144 E) 152
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then find the area of

shaded parts.
©

A) 32 B) 24 C) 16 D) 14 E) 9

3. ABCD is a square and

AY = YT = TB ,
DE = EK = KT ,
ifA( AEK ) = 8 cm2 7. The diagonal of a square is 7 2 cm. Find the area of
then find A( ABCD ) .
that square.

A) 72 B) 63 C) 56 D) 49 E) 42
A) 48 B) 57 C) 64 D) 72 E) 84

8. E, F, G and H are the

midpoints of square
4. ABCD is a square ABCD. EFGH is also
BCE is an equilateral a square and Its area
triangle find m(∠BAE ) . is 18cm 2 , then find AB .

A) 27.5 B) 25 C) 22.5 D) 17.5 E) 15 A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9

109
Square Test 3

9. AC and BD are diagonals 13. ABCD is a square and

of given square ABCD. If AB = 8cm ,
AE ⊥ EB , CF ⊥ EB ,
DF = FO = OE = EB BF = AE = 6cm ,
find the sum of shaded area. then find the shaded
area if AB = 10cm .
A) 16 B) 18 C) 20 D) 22 E) 24
A) 36 B) 42 C) 48 D) 50 E) 52

10. In the given figure ABCD

14. ABCD is a square and
is a square and each side is
divided into 3 equal parts.
[AC ] is a diagonal. If
DE = 13 cm and EC = 7 cm
AB = 6 cm, find the shaded
area. then find AE .

A) 5 B) 10 C) 12 D) 16 E) 18
A) 15 B) 16 C) 17 D) 20 E) 21
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©

11. Points E, F, G and H are 15. ABCD is a square,

midpoints of square ABCD. EC = CF and
EK = KF , then find EA = 3 cm. If BF = 5 cm
Shaded area
. then find AB .
A( ABCD )

A) 8 B) 7 C) 6 D) 5 E) 4
1 1 1 1 1
A) B) C) D) E)
2 4 6 8 9

16. ABCD is a square

and ADE is an equilateral
12. ABCD is a square and
triangle. If EF = FB ,
ABT is an equilateral
triangle if the perimeter of the [AB] ⊥ [FK ] and
triangle is 24 cm, then find FK = 3 cm then find the
the shaded area.
perimeter of square ABCD.

A) 64 − 3 B) 64 − 16 3 C) 48 D) 32 E) 28 A) 32 B) 36 C) 40 D) 48 E) 60

110
 RHOMBUS

RHOMBUS bisect each other and they

are the angle bisector of the
A parallelogram whose all sides have the same length is angle which they belong.
called “rhombus”.
OA = OC ,
PROPERTIES OF RHOMBUS OD = OB , also
m(∠BAC ) = m(∠ACD)
1- In a rhombus, the m(∠BDC ) = m(∠DBA)
opposite sides are
parallel
7- The measure of the angle
[AB] //[DC ] and [AD] //[BC ] formed by the bisectors of
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two consecutive interior

angles of a rhombus is 900.

[AE ] ⊥ [EB]
©

2- In a rhombus, the length

of the opposite sides
are equal.

AB = BC = CD = DA AREA OF RHOMBUS

1- The area of a rhombus

equals the product of the
3- In a rhombus, the measure
length of any base and
of the opposite angles
the length of the its altitude.
are equal.
A( ABCD) = a ⋅ ha
m(∠A) = m(∠C ) and
m(∠B) = m(∠D )
2- The area of a rhombus
ABCD with one side a is,
4- In a rhombus, the consecutive angles are
supplementary.
A( ABCD) = a ⋅ a ⋅ sin A
m(∠A) + m(∠B ) = m(∠B) + m(∠C ) = 180 0
m(∠C ) + m(∠D ) = m(∠D ) + m(∠A) = 180 0
3- If the diagonals of rhombus
is AC = f and BD = e ,
5- The diagonals of a rhombus then the area of rhombus is;
intersect each other
perpendicularly. e⋅ f
A( ABCD) =
2
[AC ] ⊥ [BD]
6- The diagonals of a rhombus

111
 RHOMBUS

PROPERTIES OF AREA OF RHOMBUS 5- In the given rhombi, the shaded areas are equal to
each other and half the area of rhombi.

1- For any point P inside rhombus

A( ABCD)
ABCD, A( ABE ) = A( BCF ) =
2
A( ABCD)
A( PAD) + A( PBC ) =
2
A( ABCD)
A( PAB) + A( PCD) =
2

2- Points E, F and G are the midpoints of the rhombi

ABCD then AK = KL = KC

6- In the given rhombi, points E and F are the mid points

of the sides [AB] and [BC ] consecutively, then

A( ABCD)
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S1 = S 2 = S 3 = S 4 = and
4
A( ABCD )
A( DEBF ) =
©

3- In the given rhombi ABCD, [AC ] and [BD] are

diagonals, then; S1 = S 2 and S1 = S 2 = S 3 = S 4
consecutively.

7- In the given rhombus,

points E and F are the
mid points of the sides
[CD] and [BC ] consecutively,
and A( ABCD) = S then;
4- Point E is any point on [DC ] ,
then the shaded area is;
3⋅ S
A( AEF ) =
8
A( ABCD)
A( ABE ) =
2

112
RHOMBUS TEST 1

1. A rhombus has a perimeter 52 cm and the length of one 5. A rhombus has an area of 120 cm2 if one the diagonal is
diagonal is 24 cm. then find the area of this rhombus? 12 cm then find the length of other diagonal.

A) 60 B) 80 C) 100 D) 105 E) 120 A) 12 B) 15 C) 20 D) 24 E) 28

2. In the given figure

ABCD is a rhombus, 6. ABCD is a rhombus,
AC = DC = 4 cm E and F are midpoints.

A( ABCD ) .
The sum of the shaded
then find
areas is 2 2 cm2, then
find A( ABCD ) .
A) 2 3 B) 4 3 C) 8 3 D) 9 3 E) 12 3
A) 6 2 B) 8 2 C) 10 2 D) 12 2 E) 14 2
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©

3. In the given figure

ABCD is a rhombus
m(∠DAB ) = 120 0
BC = 6 cm then 7. ABCD is a rhombus
and m(∠A) = 120 0 ,
find BD .
CB = 12 cm and

3
[CH ] ⊥ [AD] find HA .
A) 3 B) C) 3 3 D) 6 3 E) 9 3
3
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6

4. In the given figure ABCD

Is a rhombus [DO] ⊥ [AC ] ,
E and F are midpoints of given 8. ABCD is a rhombus
sides, if A( ABCD ) = 36 3 cm
2 and m(∠BDC ) = 22.5 0
then find the shaded area. find (∠A) .

A) 2 3 B) 3 3 C) 4 3 D) 6 3 E) 8 3 A) 120 B) 125 C) 130 D) 135 E) 145

113
Rhombus Test 1

9. The area of a rhombus is 100 cm2 the length of one 13. ABCD is a rhombus
diagonal is 25 cm, then find the length of other diagonal. and O and E are mid
points. A( ABCD ) = 84 cm
2

A) 25 B) 20 C) 10 D) 8 E) 6
find A( AGD ) .

A) 14 B) 18 C) 21 D) 24 E) 30

10. In the given figure ABCD

is a rhombus. BD = e ,
e
AC = f , if =3 2
f 14. ABCD is a rhombus
(
and A ABCD ) = 75 2 cm , 2
and AC = 18 cm,
then find f.
BD = 24 cm, find DH .

A) 5 B) 3 2 C) 5 2 D) 8 2 E) 10
A) 12 B) 14 C) 14.4 D) 14.8 E) 15
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©

11. ABCD is a rhombus

15. ABCD is a rhombus,
AD = AC = 12 cm
and
[CE ] and [BE ] are angle
then find A( ABCD ) .
bisector. CE = 8 cm and

A) 36 3 B) 72 3 C) 103 3 BE = 5 cm, then find

the shaded area.
D) 120 3 E) 144 3
A) 84 B) 72 C) 66 D) 64 E) 60

12. ABCD is a rhombus,

[AH ] ⊥ [DC ] , m(∠D ) = β
and m(∠ACH ) = α ,
16. ABCD is a rhombus,
m(∠ADE ) = m(∠EDB)
find the relationship
between α and β . And AE = EB . If
BC = 4 cm then find
α β A( DAE ) .
A) α + β = 90 B) + β = 90 C) + α = 90
2 2
D) α + 2β = 180 E) α + 2 β = 90 A) 2 3 B) 3 3 C) 6 D) 4 3 E) 9

114
 CIRCLES
• Angles in Circles
• Length in Circles
• Area of Circles
 ANGLES in circle

1- CENTRAL ANGLE is subtended by the

diameter is always 90o .
( AB is diameter)
The angle whose vertex is on
the center is called central
angle. The measurement m(∠AKB ) = m(∠ALB ) = 90 o
of central angle is equal to
measurement of arc which
is subtended by central angle

∩
3- TANGENT-CHORD ANGLE
m(∠AOB ) = m( AB )
The angle whose vertex is on the
circumference and its legs are a
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chord and a tangent line, is called

2- INSCRIBED ANGLE tangent-chord angle.
∩
m( AB)
m(∠AOB) = m(∠BAC ) =
©

The angle whose vertex is on

the circumference and the
2
legs of angle are chords is
called inscribed angle.
∩
m( AB) PROPERTIES OF TANGENT-CHORD ANGLE
m(∠AOB) =
2
1- The measurement of tangent-
chord angle is equal to half
PROPERTIES OF INSCRIBED ANGLE of the measurement of arc
which is subtended by the
tangent-chord angle.
1- The measurement of inscribed
angle is equal to half of
measurement of arc which ∩
is subtended by inscribed angle. m( AB ) 2α
m(∠ABC ) = = =α
2 2
∩
m( AB) m(∠AOB)
m(∠AKB ) = =
2 2
2- The inscribed angle and tangent-chord angle have the
same measurement

2- The angles which are

subtended by the same
arc are equal. 3- The measurement of tangent chord angle is half of the
measurement of central angle which are subtended by the
same arc.

m(∠AKB ) = m(∠ALB ) = m(∠AMB)

3- The inscribed angle which

117
 ANGLES IN CIRCLES

4- INTERNAL ANGLE

The angle whose vertex is

inside circle and it is formed
by intersecting two chords
is called internal angle,

∩ ∩
m( AC ) + m( DB)
m(∠APC ) =
2

5- EXTERNAL ANGLE

The angle whose vertex

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is outside circle and its

legs have intersection
points with circle is
called external angle.
©

∩ ∩
m( AD) − m( BC )
m(∠P) =
2

NOTE:

If points A and B
are tangent points
then;

α + β = 180 0

118
ANGLES IN CIRCLE TEST 1

1. In the given circle centered at 5. In the given circle centered at

O, [PA] and [PB] are tangent O, [CA] and [CB] are tangent
to the circle at points A and B to the circle at points A and B

respectively. If m(∠P) = 30 0 , respectively. If m(∠C ) = 40 0 ,

then find m(∠OAB) . m(∠B) = 70 0 then find
m(∠DAB) .
A) 10 B) 15 C) 20 D) 25 E) 30
A) 30 B) 40 C) 45 D) 50 E) 60

2. In the given figure [DE ] is 6. In the given triangle ABC,

a tangent line to the circle at points D. E and F are tangents

point A and AB = AC , If to the circle m(∠B) = 40 0 ,

and m(∠C ) = 80 0
m( BC ) = 88 0 then find α .
then find x.
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A) 57 B) 64 C) 68 D) 72 E) 75 A) 45 B) 55 C) 60 D) 65 E) 70
©

3. In the given circle centered 7. In the given circle, [ AK ] // [DE ]

at O, m(∠A) = 10 , 0
and [BK ] //[CF ] . If
∩ ∩
and m(∠C ) = 28 0 m ( EF ) = m ( CD ) + 50 0
then find m(∠AOC ) . then find m(∠AKB ) .

A) 56 B) 64 C) 72 D) 76 E) 84 A) 45 B) 40 C) 35 D) 30 E) 25

8. In the given circle centered at O,

4. In the given circle,
m(∠CAB) = 20 0 ,
[AC ] is diameter AE = DC .

and m(∠ACD) = 50 0 If m(∠EBD) = 40 0

then find m(∠P ) .

then find m(∠ACD) = α .

A) 30 B) 35 C) 40 D) 45 E) 60 A) 50 B) 55 C) 60 D) 65 E) 70

119
Angles in Circle Test 1

9. In the given figure P, T 13. In the given circle centered

and B are tangent points. at O, AB = DE and
Ifm(∠BAT ) = 48 0 ∩
m( AB) = 60 0 . If
then find m(∠PCB )
∩
m( BC ) = 80 0 then
A) 32 B) 38 C) 42 D) 44 E) 48 find m(∠CPD ) .

A) 15 B) 20 C) 25 D) 30 E) 35

10. ABCD is a quadrilateral,

[DC ] ⊥ [BC ] , [AD] ⊥ [AB] .
14. In the given big circle
If m(∠DAC ) = 26 0
centered at O, B and D are
then find m(∠CDB) . intersection points with
the small circle. If
A) 48 B) 52 C) 54 D) 56 E) 64 m(∠BAD) = 44 0
then find m(∠BCD ) .
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A) 88 B) 92 C) 94 D) 96 E) 98
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11. In the given figure, [PA]

[ ]
and PC are tangent to the
circle at A and C respectively.
∩ ∩
If m(CD ) = m( DA) and 15. In the given circle centered

m(∠BPA) = 24 0 then
at O,[BE ] is diameter and
∩
find m(∠CBP ) . [AB] //[OC ] . If m ( EA ) = 130 0
then find m(∠EOC ) = α
A) 33 B) 34 C) 36 D) 38 E) 42

A) 95 B) 100 C) 105 D) 110 E) 115

12. In the given circle,

[AD] //[BC ] and 16. In the given circle,

m(∠CEB) = 50 0 . If AB = BC = AD .
∩
m(∠CED) = 30 0 then If m ( ∠ DC ) = 60
find m(∠DEA) then find m(∠DAB) .

A) 110 B) 120 C) 130 D) 140 E) 150 A) 60 B) 70 C) 80 D) 90 E) 100

120
ANGLES IN CIRCLE TEST 2

1. In the given circle centered 5. In the given circle centered

at O, AC = OB [ ]
at O, TA and TB [ ]
are tangent to the circle
and m(∠COA) = 25
0
at points A and B. If
then find x.
m(∠ATB ) = 120 0 then
A) 45 B) 50 C) 65 D) 70 E) 75 find m(∠APB) .

A) 75 B) 70 C) 60 D) 45 E) 30

2. In the given circle centered

at C, [AT ] is tangent to the
6. In the given circle centered
circle at point T,
AB = AC , BD = DC
at O, [OB] ⊥ [OA] , [AC ] ⊥ [OA]
and OA = 10 cm, AC = 20 cm
and m(∠CAT ) = 40 0 ,
then find m(∠BCA) .
then find m(∠ABC ) .
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A) 15 B) 30 C) 40 D) 45 E) 60
A) 80 B) 70 C) 60 D) 50 E) 40
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7. In the given circle centered

3. In the given circle centered
at O, m(∠ABC ) = 20 0 and at O, m(∠ACE ) = 20 0 and

m(∠BAD) = 10 0 then [AB] ⊥ [CD] then find

∩
find m(∠ECA) . the measurement of BC .

A) 55 B) 50 C) 45 D) 40 E) 35
A) 70 B) 90 C) 100 D) 120 E) 140

4. In the given circle centered

8. In the given circle centered
at O, [CB] and [CD] are at O, [AC ] is tangent to the circle
tangent to the circle at
points B and D respectively.
at point C, m(∠BCD ) = 100 0 ,
If m(∠BAD) = 50 0 then m(∠BCE ) = 20 0 and
find m(∠BCD) . then find m(∠BAC ) .

A) 90 B) 80 C) 75 D) 70 E) 65 A) 45 B) 40 C) 35 D) 30 E) 25

121
Angles in Circle Test 2

9. In the given circle centered at 13. In the given circle centered at O,

O, [AB] and [AC ] are tangent AB is diameter, m(∠CAO) = 50 0
to the circle at points B and C. and m(∠DOB) = 30 then
m(∠DBC ) = 50 0 and find m(∠COD ) .
m(∠DCB) = 55 0 then
find m(∠BAC ) . A) 30 B) 40 C) 50 D) 60 E) 70

A) 30 B) 35 C) 40 D) 42,5 E) 45

14. ABCD is an inscribed

quadrilateral, [CT ] is tangent
10. In the given circle centered at to the circle at point C.
[ ] [ ]
O, AB and AC are tangent m(∠ABD) = 15 0 , m(∠DCT ) = 45 0
to the circle at points B and
then find m(∠ADC ) .
C. m(∠DCA) = 150 0 then
find m(∠BAC ) .
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A) 60 B) 75 C) 90 D) 120 E) 135

A) 30 B) 45 C) 50 D) 60 E) 75
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15. ABCD is an inscribed

quadrilateral, m(∠BCD) = 130 0
m(∠CBD ) = 10 0 and then
11. A line cuts a circle centered at M, at points K and L
and [KL] is equal the radius of the circle then find find m(∠BAC ) .
m(∠KML) .
A) 40 B) 35 C) 30 D) 25 E) 20
A) 30 B) 45 C) 60 D) 75 E) 90

12. The given circles are

16. [AB] is any chord of the
centered at O, the radii
circle with center O. Given
are R and 2R then find
the angle between the lines AB = 2 ⋅ OA , then
tangent to the inner circle. find m(∠OAB) .

A) 30 B) 40 C) 45 D) 60 E) 75 A) 30 B) 45 C) 50 D) 60 E) 65

122
ANGLES IN CIRCLE TEST 3

1. In the given circle centered 5. In the given figure, ABCD

at O, m(∠DAC ) = 40 0 is a square and a quarter
circle centered at C. If
and m(∠ACD) = 30 0
AE = EC then
then find m(∠DBE ) .
find angle α
A) 5 B) 10 C) 15 D) 20 E) 25
A) 60 B) 75 C) 90 D) 95 E) 105

2. In the given circle centered 6. In the given circle centered

at O, [AD] //[BC ] at O, Ifm(∠ABC ) = 60 0
then find m(∠DCA) .
and BC = DC
then find m(∠BCD) .
A) 25 B) 30 C) 35 D) 45 E) 50
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A) 105 B) 120 C) 125 D) 130 E) 135

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7. In the given centered

at O, m(∠ADO) = 130 0
3. In the given circle,
m(∠B) = 90 0 and and m(∠BOC ) = 70 0
then find m(∠BAC ) .
m(∠ACB) = 15 0
then find x.
A) 10 B) 15 C) 17,5 D) 20 E) 25

A) 95 B) 105 C) 110 D) 120 E) 125

8. In the given circle,

4. In the given circle, [CA] is tangent to the
m(∠AFB) = 20 0
circle at A, AB = AC ,
and m(∠ACE ) = 25 0
m(∠BAD) = 60 0
then find x. then find x.

A) 45 B) 55 C) 57,5 D) 60 E) 67.5 A) 25 B) 30 C) 35 D) 40 E) 45

123
Angles in Circle Test 3

9. In the given figure, [ AB ] 13. In the given circle

and [AC ] are tangent to the [AB] ⊥ [DC ] and
circle at points at B and C. m(∠ABC ) = 70 0
Respectively if m(∠BAC ) = 25 0 then find m(∠DAB) .
then find x.
A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 35 E) 40
A) 102.5 B) 108 C) 125 D) 145 E) 155

14. In the given circle,

10. In the given figure, [PA] m(∠AED) = 60 0
and [PB] are tangent to m(∠CDE ) = 15 0
the circle at points at A then find m(∠APD) .
and B. Respectively find
m(∠AEB) , if m(∠P) = 20 0 A) 10 B) 15 C) 20 D) 25 E) 30
and m(∠CBD) = 25 . 0
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A) 95 B) 100 C) 105 D) 110 E) 120

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15. In the given circle,

[DB] is tangent to the
circle at point B. If
11. In the given circle centered
m(∠BDC ) = 30 0
at O, m(∠DOA) = 70 0
AB = AC , then find
and m(∠OAB) = 50 0
m(∠DBC ) .
then find x.
A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 35 E) 40
A) 10 B) 15 C) 20 D) 25 E) 30

16. In the given circle

12. In the given circle centered centered at O,
at O, and OB = BP and AD = OC = r
[PA] is tangent to the circle and m(∠OED) = 50 0
at point at A find m(∠ACO) . then find m(∠COE ) .

A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 35 E) 40 A) 85 B) 95 C) 105 D) 110 E) 115

124
ANGLES IN CIRCLE TEST 4

1. In the given semicircle 5. ABCD is an inscribed

centered at O, [BA] is quadrilateral, and

tangent to the circle at point m(∠TDA) = 67 0

A. If m(∠DAC ) = 50
0
then find m(∠CBF ) .
then find x.
A) 67 B) 76 C) 92 D) 103 E) 113
A) 10 B) 15 C) 18 D) 20 E) 25

2. In the given circle 6. In the given circle

centered at O,
centered at O,
m(∠AOC ) = 130 0 , m(∠BOC ) = 40 0
then find m(∠ABC ) .
then find m(∠BAC ) .

A) 105 B) 110 C) 115 D) 120 E) 130

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A) 20 B) 40 C) 45 D) 60 E) 80
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3. ABCD is an inscribed
quadrilateral and [AT ] 7. In the given circle
is tangent to the circle at centered at O,
point A. If m(∠TAD ) = 20 0
m(∠ABC ) = 55 0
and m(∠ADC ) = 140 0 and m(∠OAD) = 20 0
then find m(∠DBC ) . then find m(∠ADC ) .

A) 10 B) 15 C) 20 D) 25 E) 30 A) 100 B) 110 C) 115 D) 125 E) 130

4. In the given circle centered at

O, [AB] is tangent to the circle
at point B. If m(∠BAC ) = a 8. In the given circle
and m(∠CBD ) = b then centered at O,
find the relationship between a m(∠AOC ) = 120 0
and b. then find m(∠CDB ).

A) a =2b B) b =3a C) b =a D) a =3b E) b =2a

A) 15 B) 20 C) 25 D) 30 E) 45

125
Angles in Circle Test 4

9. In the given circle 13. In the given circle centered

centered at O, [ ]
at O, TA is tangent to the
m(∠ABC ) = 130 0
circle at point A and [AC ]
m(∠AOC ) .
then find and [BD] are diameter. If
m(∠ATD) = 50 0 then
A) 260 B) 225 C) 200 D) 130 E) 100
find m(∠BCA) .

A) 20 B) 30 C) 40 D) 50 E) 60

10. In the given circle centered

[ ]
at O, AB is tangent to
14. In the given circle
the circle at point B. If
centered at O,
m(∠ABC ) = 35 0
m(∠BAK ) = 30 0
then find m(∠BAC ) .
and m(∠BKD) = 70 0
then find m(∠KDC ) .
A) 45 B) 35 C) 30 D) 25 E) 20
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A) 20 B) 30 C) 40 D) 50 E) 60
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11. In the given circle

centered at O,
15. In the given circle centered
m(∠BCO) = 75 0
at O, AB = AC and
then find m(∠AOC ) .
m(∠ABC ) = 70 0 then
A) 75 B) 80 C) 100 D) 120 E) 150 find m(∠ABO) + m( ACO )

A) 70 B) 60 C) 50 D) 45 E) 40

12. In the given figure ABC

is an isosceles triangle, 16. In the given figure
AB = AC and If DC = CB and

m(∠AEC ) = 110 0 m(∠DBA) = 20 0 ,

then find m(∠BAC ) . then find m(∠DBC ) .

A) 30 B) 40 C) 45 D) 50 E) 60 A) 25 B) 30 C) 35 D) 40 E) 45

126
 Length in circles

CIRCLE: All the points, whose line to the chord, that line
distance are constant to a fixed divides the chord and the
point are called to be a circle arcs into two equal parts.

[AB] is called diameter AH = HB ⇔ m( AC ) = m(CB )

∩ ∩

OA = OB = r is called radius ∩ ∩
and m( AD ) = m( BD)
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CHORD: The line that joins

two points on the circle is 4- The longest chord is closer

called chord. [AB] and [CD] to the center than the

©

shortest chord.
are chords. The longest chord
in a circle is diameter.
AB > CD ⇔ OL > OK

PROPERTIES OF CHORD
5- Equal chords have same

1- Equal chords have perpendicularly arcs with equal measurement

equal distance from center. and length.

∩ ∩
AB = CD ⇔ OK = OL CD = AB ⇔ m(CD ) = m( AB)
CL = LD = AK = KB

6- The arcs between two parallel

2- If we draw a line from midpoint chords are equal.
of a chord to the center, that line
∩ ∩
[AB] //[CD ] ⇔ m( AC ) = m( BD)
is always perpendicular to the chord.

[OK ] ⊥ [CD] and [OL] ⊥ [AB]

3- If we draw a perpendicular

127
 LENGTH IN CIRCLES

TANGENT LINE: If the intersection of a circle and a line POWER OF A POINT

is a point, than that line is called a tangent line and that
point is called tangent point.
1- If a point P is inside
the circle,

PA ⋅ PB = PC ⋅ PD

PROPERTIES OF A TANGENT LINE

1- The line which is drawn

from center to the tangent
2- If a point P is outside
point is perpendicular to
the circle,
the tangent line.
PL ⋅ PK = PN ⋅ PM

[OA] ⊥ [AT ]
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©

3- If a point P is outside
2- If we draw two tangent
the circle and [PT ] is
lines from a point P outside
tangent to the circle,
triangle, then these tangent
2
lines are equal. PT = PA ⋅ PB

PA = PB

3- Angle bisector of APB

passes through the center.

m(∠APO) = m(∠BPO)

128
LENGTH IN CIRCLE TEST 1

1. In the given circle centered at 5. In the given figure,

point O, AB = CD and BA = 11 cm, AP = 3 cm
OF = 2 x + 3 . If OE = 4 x − 5 CP = 2 cm find x.
then find OF .
A) 17 B) 19 C) 21 D) 21 E) 25
A) 4 B) 6 C) 9 D) 11 E) 15

6. In the given circle

2. In the given circle centered
at O, P is the mid-point of chord centered at O, PT [ ]
[AB] . If AB = 16 cm and
is the tangent to the
circle at point P, then
OP = 6 cm, then find the find x.
radius of the given circle.
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A) 11 B) 10 C) 9 D) 7 E) 5
A) 12 B) 10 C) 9 D) 8 E) 6
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3. In the given circle centered 7. In the given figure AB = 3 cm

at O, AB = 12 cm, DC = 2 cm and BC = 2 3 cm, then
and [OD] ⊥ [AB] then find find the power of point A,
the radius. with respect to circle

A) 4 B) 6 C) 8 D) 10 E) 13 A) 6 3 B) 3 3 C) 3

D) 9 + 3 3 E) 9 + 6 3

4. In the given figure,

AP = 2 cm,
PB = 3 cm 8. In the given circle, AB = 8 cm,
DP = 2 3 cm CP = 3 cm, PD = 5 cm
then find x.
then find the length of BP .

2
A) 6 B) 2 2 C) D) 2 E) 3 A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
2
133
Length In Circle Test 1

9. In the given circle, 13. In the figure, a square

AO = 11 cm, AB = 5 cm and a circle are given. One
side of the square is tangent
and BC = 3 cm then to the circle and the two
find the radius of circle. vertices are on the circle. If side
length of the square is 12 cm,
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 9 what is the radius of the circle?

A) 6 B) 7 C) 7.5 D) 8 E) 8.5

10. In the given circle centered

at O, [MN ] and [KL] are 14. In the given figure,
diameter. ABCO is a square ABCD is a right trapezoid
and ODFE is a rectangle, with four sides tangent to
if A( ABCO) = 18 cm2 the circle. AB = a , DC = c
then find DE . and the radius of the circle
is r. What is the value of a
in terms of r and c?
A) 4 B) 5 C) 5 3 D) 6 E) 7 2
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c⋅r c⋅r c+r c⋅r

A) B) C) D) E) c⋅r
c+r c−r 2 2
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11. Two semicircles with

15. In the given figure,
[ ] [ ] [ ]
center O1 and O2 are
AB ⊥ BD and AB is
given. If [KL] //[AB ] , tangent to the circle at
KL = 20 cm, ST = 3 cm
the point B. If AC = 2 cm
then find AB . BD
CD = 6 cm, then find .
BC
A) 21 B) 22 C) 23 D) 24 E) 25

1 1 3
A) B) C) 1 D) E) 2
4 2 2

12. [PT ] is tangent to the circle

with center O and [OH ] ⊥ [ PB] .
If, PA = AH = HB , PT = 3 3 16. In the given figure,

cm and OH = 7 cm then find the If ED = 2 cm, EA = 4 cm

radius of the circle. and ABCD is a rectangle,
find the radius of the circle.

A) 2 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 8 A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6

134
LENGTH IN CIRCLE TEST 2

1. The circumference of a circle is 72 cm and the length of 5. In the given circle, the radius
an arc is 12 cm. Find the angle which is subtended by the ∩

given arc. is 3 cm and AB = 2,25 cm

then find m(∠AOB ) .
A) 60 B) 90 C) 120 D) 180 E) 270 (Take π = 3 )

A) 75 B) 60 C) 45 D) 30 E)15

6. The circles with centers

2. In the given figure AB = 5 cm,
O1 and O2 have radii r1 and
AH = 3 cm, AC = 7 cm. Find r2 respectively are tangent
the radius of given circle. to each other. r1 = 9 cm ,
r2 = 6 cm then find AB .
21 15 29 35 35
A) B) C) D) E)
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3 7 9 6 3 A) 6 B) 6 6 C) 12 2 D) 12 E) 12 3
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7- [PT ] is tangent to the

semicircle at point T. If
3. In the given figure, ABCD
[ PH ] ⊥ [ AB] , PT = 4 cm ,
is a square. DT = TA = 8 cm
PE = 2 cm and HB = 1 cm
and AB = 16 cm then find the
radius of the circle.
then find AB .

A) 8 B) 9 C) 10 D) 11 E) 12 A) 6 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 18

8. ABCD is a square with side

2 cm, A and B are center of the
4. In the given circle, the radius quarter circles shown in
is 30 cm and m(∠AOB ) = 27
0
figure. If [ PH ] ⊥ [ AB] then
then find the length of
find PH .
arc ASB .

3
A) 4,5π B) 14,5π C) 25,5π D) 30π E) 32π A) 2 B)
2
C) 3 D) 2 3 E) 5

131
Length In Circle Test 2

9. In the given triangle ABC; 13. ABCD is a square

R, F and E are tangent and B is the center of
points and m(∠BAC ) = 90 0 . quarter circle with
radius 1 cm. Find the
If AC = 3 cm and AB = 4 cm value of x.
then find FD .
1 1
A) 1 B) 2 C) 2 −1 D) E)
1 1 3 4 2 3
A) 1 B) C) D) E)
2 3 4 5

14. In the given circle centered

at A, ABC is a triangle.
10. In the given circle,
m(∠BAC ) = 90 0 ,
centered at O, PB = 1 cm,
AB = 3 cm, CA = 4 cm
PA = 3 cm, PC = 4 cm.
Find the radius of then find DC .
the circle.
7 3 5 4 5
A) B) C) D) E)
13 15 17 11 5 4 4 5 7
A) 6 B) C) D) E)
2 2 2 2
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©

15. In the given figure, the

semicircle with center O and the
11. In the given semicircle right triangle ABC are given. If
centered at O,
[ AB ] ⊥ [CB] , m(∠CAB) = 30 o
m(∠DOA) = 30 0 ,
and EC = 1 cm then find the
m(∠CBD) = 45 0 and
radius of the circle.
BC = 1 cm then find DC .
A) 3 B) 2 3 C) 3 D) 4 E) 4 3
1 1 2 1
A) B) C) 2 D) E)
2 3 2 3

16. In the given semicircle

12. In the given circle centered centered at O, the points A, H and
at O, [BA] is tangent at A and D are tangent points. AB = 1 cm,
m(∠ACB) = 30 0 . If OH = 2 cm and m(∠OHC ) = 90 0
AC = 2 cm then find BC . then find DC .

A) 6 B) 3 3 C) 3 D) 2 E) 2 3 A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

132
LENGTH IN CIRCLE TEST 3

3 5. The circles with centers

1. Find the circumference of the circle with radius .
O1 and O2 have radii r1
2
and r2 respectively and also
3π they are tangent to each
A) 3π B) 6π C) 2 3π D) 3 3π E)
other. If r1 = 10 cm and
2
r2 = 6 cm then find the
length of AB .

A) 15 B) 2 15 C) 20 D) 3 20 E) 4 15

2. In the given figure

AB = 4 cm, AH = 3 cm
and AC = 9 cm. Find
the radius of given circle. 6. Two circles are tangent to each other from inside and
the distance between their centers is 10 cm. The diameter
A) 6 B) 9 C) 12 D) 14 E) 15 of the big circle is 32 cm then find the radius of small circle.
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A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6
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3. In the given figure, all

circles are tangent 7. In the given semicircle O is
to each other. AB = 26 cm, the center and [CT ] and [CB]
AC = 18 cm, BC = 22 cm. are tangent to the circle at T and
Find the radius of the B respectively. If AO = 2 cm,
circle centered at C.
m(∠BCT ) = 60 0 then find AT .
A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 2 E) 3

8. In the given circle centered

4. In the given figure, ABCD
at O, m(∠ABC ) = 30 and
0
is a square. DT = TA
the radius is 3 cm. Find
and AB = 20 cm then find ∩

the radius of circle. the length of AKC .

(Take π = 3,14 )
25 27
A) 10 B) 11 C) 12 D) E) A) 31,4 B) 18,74 C) 15,7 D) 6,28 E) 3,14
2 2

129
Length In Circle Test 3

9. The circumference of a circle is 126 cm, find the central 13. In the given figure,
angle which is subtended by the arc 14 cm. ABCD is a rectangle, a
semicircle centered at O
and a quarter circle
A) 25 B) 30 C) 40 D) 45 E) 60
centered at C. If AD = 5 cm
then find the radius of small circle.

A) 5 2 +1 B) 5 + 2 C) 5 2 −1
D) 5 2 −5 E) 5 2
10. In the given figure, both
circles centered at M and
[AB] is tangent to the small
circle at C. AB = 6 cm
14. In the given figure, three
and CM = 1 cm then find
circles centered at A, B and
the radius of the big circle.
C have equal radii 4 cm. The
circles are tangent to each
A) 5 B) 6 C) 2 3 D) 2 2 E) 10 other and a metal wire rounds
circles completely shown in
figure. Find the length of metal wire.
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A) 4(π + 2) B) 4(π + 3) C) 8(π + 3)

8(π + 2) 16(π + 3)
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D) E)

11. In the given figure, two

circles centered at A and
B have equal radii 8 cm.
The circles are tangent to
each other and a metal wire
rounds circles completely 15. In the given semicircle
shown in figure. Find the O is the center and AK [ ]
length of metal wire. is tangent to the circle at
A. BD = DK = 4 cm,
A) 8π + 16 B) 16π + 8 C) 12π + 16 then find AH .
D) 16π + 24 E) 16π + 32
2 6 4 6 4 3 2 2 4 2
A) B) C) D) E)
3 3 3 3 3

12. In the given figure,

AD = DC , BE = 5 cm, 16. In the given figure,
r = 12 cm and
EC = 4 cm, m(∠BAC ) = 90 0
m(∠AOB) = 60 0 . Find
then find the radius of the circle. ∩
the length of AB .
3 3
A) 3 6 B) 3 2 C) 6 2 D) 3 3 E) A) 2π B) 3π C) 4π D) 5π E) 6π
2

130
 AREA OF CIRCLE

AREA OF CIRCLE
In the given figure the
circles are concentric and
The area of a circle with [ ]
AB is tangent to the
radius r is given by the smaller one at T, then the
formula , area of the ring is,
2
⎛ AB ⎞
A=π ⋅r 2
AR = ⎜ ⎟ ⋅π
⎜ 2 ⎟
⎝ ⎠

AREA OF A SECTOR
AREA OF A SEGMENT OF A RING
KATEV

In a circle with radius r, In the given figure two

the area of the sector concentric circles are
intercepting an arc of given and the area of
©

the degree measure α a sector of the ring is,

α α
As = π ⋅ r 2 ⋅ As = π ⋅ ⋅ (R 2 − r 2 )
360 360

NOTE:
AREA OF A SEGMENT
In the given figure above, the circles are concentric and if
∩ ∩
In a circle with radius r, AB and CD are given then the area of the segment of
the area of the segment ∩ ∩
with an arc of α degree AB + CD
the ring is, As = ⋅ (R − r )
measure is, 2
α 1 2
A =π ⋅r2 ⋅ − ⋅ r ⋅ sin α
360 2
SIMILARITY IN CIRCLES

1- The concentric circles with

AREA OF A RING radii r1 and r2,

r1
A ring is a figure bounded a) The ratio of circumference =
r2
by two concentric circles
2
and the area of a ring is, ⎛ r1 ⎞
b) The ratio of areas = ⎜ ⎟⎟
⎜
⎝ r2 ⎠
AR = π ⋅ R 2 − π ⋅ r 2 = π ⋅ ( R 2 − r 2 )

NOTE:

135
 LESSON PLAN
Document no:K-KTL-FR-031-EN Revision No/Date:
KATEV
İnternational Education ASTANA BOYS KTL
Publication date: 01.09.2006 Page No: 2/2
Foundation

2- The concentric circles with π π

radii r1 and r2, A = a2 ( − 1) or A = 4 r 2 ( − 1)
2 2
∩
4- ABCD is a square with
AB r
a) ∩
= 1 side a and four quarter
r2 a
CD circles with radii
2
2 centered on the vertices
A(AOB) ⎛ r1 ⎞ of the square, then the
=⎜ ⎟⎟
A(COD) ⎜⎝ r2
b)
shaded area is,
⎠

SPECIAL CASES
π a2 π
A = a2 − = a 2 (1 − )
4 4
1- ABCD is a square with
side a and a quarter circle 5- ABCD is a square with
with radius a centered on side a and two semicircles
point A, then the shaded a
with radii centered on
area is 2
the mid points of the sides
π a2 π [AB] and [BC ] , then the
A = a2 − = a 2 (1 − )
4 4 shaded area is,

2- ABCD is a square with a a a2

side a and two quarter
A1 = ⋅ =
2 2 4
circles with radii a centered
at points A and C, then the
shaded area is,

6- ABCD is a square with

π r2 r2 π
A= 2⋅( − ) = r 2 ( − 1) side a, two semicircles
4 2 2 a
with radii centered
2
on the mid points of the
3- ABCD is a square with [ ]
sides AB and BC , [ ]
side a and four semicircles
and a quarter circle with
a radius a centered at point
with radii centered
2 B, then the shaded area is,
on the mid points of the
sides of square, then
the shaded area is, π a2 a2 a2
A= − 2⋅ = (π − 2)
4 4 4

Interrogation of new subject :

Homework:

Evaluation:
 AREA OF CIRCLES

7- In the given figure, ABC is 10- ABCD is a square with

an equilateral circumscribed side a and two quarter circles
triangle BC = a and G is with radii a centered at points
the center of circle and the A and B, then the shaded
center of gravity of the triangle area is,
ABC then the shaded area is,

π
π a2 a2 3 a2
a2 a2 3 3 A= − = (4 π − 3 3 )
A=π − = a2 ( − ) 3 4 12
3 4 3 4

8- In the given figure, ABC 11- In the given sector of

is an equilateral inscribed circle centered at O,
triangle BC = a and G m(∠AOB) = 60 0 and
KATEV

is the center of circle and the radius is R. The circle

the center of gravity of the centered at C with radius r is
triangle ABC. Points D, E tangent to the sector of circle
©

and F are tangent points at points D, E and F then the

to the circle then the shaded area is,
shaded area is,

π R2
2 2 2 A= − π r 2 or
a 3 a a 2
A= −π = (3 3 − π )
4 12 12
π r2
in terms of r, A= .
2

9- In the given figure, ABC

is a right triangle and
m(∠A) = 90 0 . The circles
with areas A1 , A2 and
BC
A3 have the radii ,
2
AB AC
and consecutively
2 2
then following relation is held,

A1 = A2 + A3

137
AREA OF CIRCLE TEST 1

1. If the radius of a circle is 2 3 cm, find the area of 5. In the given figure
circle. (Take π = 3 ). BC = AC = 2r
and the sum of the shaded
areas, is 54 cm2
A) 12 B) 18 C) 24 3 D) 30 E) 36 then find r.

A) 3 B) 2 C) 6 D) 10 E) 3 6

2. The radius of given

circle is 10 cm. and 6. In the given figure ABCD
m(∠AOB) = 36 0 then is a square and there
find the shaded area. are four quarter circle
inside it tangent to
each other. Find the
A) 6π B) 8π C) 10π D) 12π E) 15π shaded area.
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A) r 2 (4 − π ) B) r (4 + π ) C) r 2 (π − π 2 )
D) πr 2 − 4π E) r 2 (4 + π )
©

3. The radius of given

circle is 2 3 cm and
the shaded area is 7. In the given circle, ABC
2π cm2 then find is an equilateral
m(∠AOB) . triangle and BC = a
then find the shaded
area.
A) 30 B) 45 C) 60 D) 75 E) 90
3 3
A) a (π − π) B) a ( 2π − π) C) 3πa − rπ
4 4
π 3 3
D) a 2 ( − ) E) a ( a − π)
3 4 2

4. In the given figure, the

circles with radii r1 and 8. In the given figure, a circle
centered at C with radius r
r2 centered both at O, is placed in a part of a circle
then find the shaded area. centered at O and radius R. If
m( AOB) = 60 0 then find
the shaded area.
A) π (r12 − r22 ) B) π ( r1 − r2 ) C) π (r12 + r22 )
πRr 2 πR πR 2 r πR 2 πr 2
A) B) C) D) E)
D) π ( r1 + r2 ) E) π ( r12 − r2 ) 2 3 2 4 2

138
Area of Circle Test 1

9. In the given figure, 13. Which of the area of a circle given below equals to its
ABCD is a parallelogram. circumference, numerically?
If BC = 17 cm, DC = 8 cm
then find the area of A) π B) 2π C) 4π D) 9π E) 16π
parallelogram.

A) 70 B) 80 C) 90 D) 110 E) 120

14. In the given figure, the

3π
10. In the given figure, shaded area is cm2 and
4
DEFH is a square and
m(∠AOB) = 90 0 . Find the
the radius of the circle is
5 cm. Find the shaded area of triangle ABC
area. (Take π = 3)
1 2 3 3
A) B) C) D) 1 E)
35 25 17 2 3 4 2
A) B) 15 C) D) 10 E)
2 2 2
KATEV
©

11. In the given figure, the

15. In the given figure, the
circles have equal radii 4 cm
and tangent to each other circles with radii r1 and r2

at A. [BC ] is tangent to the centered both at point O. If

circles at B and C, then

r2 + r1 = 6 cm and r2 − r1 = k
find the shaded area. then find the shaded area.

A) 16π B) 5 5π C) 32 − 8π D) 8π E) 2π A) 2πk B) 3πk C) 4πk D) 6πk E) 8πk

12. In the given figure the

three circles with radii 1 cm 16. In the given figure, the
are externally tangent to each circles with radii r1 and r2
other. Find the shaded area. are externally tangent to
the each other. If AB = 8
cm and is tangent to the
π π π
A) 3− B) 3− C) 2 3− circles at A and B then
2 3 6 find r1 ⋅ r2 .
π
D) − 3 E) π −2 3
3 A) 16 B) 12 C) 8 D) 6 E) 4

139
AREA OF CIRCLE TEST 2

1. In the given figure, the 5. In the given circle centered

sum of circumference at O, ABO is an equilateral
of two circles centered at triangle and AB = 2 cm. If T is
O is 16π cm. If the shaded tangent point then find the area
area is also 16π cm , then
2
of trapezoid ABCD
find the radius r2 of outer circle.
3 3 3
A) 10 B) 8 C) 6 D) 5 E) 4 A) 2 3 B) 3 C) D) E)
2 3 4

2. ABCD is a rectangle and 6. In the given circle centered

given semicircle has a at O, A is tangent point and
[ ]
diameter DC . If two OA = AB = 3 cm then find
quarter circle centered at A
and B have radii 1 cm then
the shaded area. (Take π = 3)
find the shaded area.
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27 26 9
A) B) C) 9 D) E) 7
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) π E) 4 8 9 8
©

3. A quarter circle centered

7. A square is placed on
at O and a rectangle OCDB
[OB] ⊥ [OA] ,
the circle centered at O and
are given.
AB = 4 2 cm then find the
OB = OA = 4 cm and
shaded area.
S1 = S 2 then find OC .
A) 8(π − 2) B) 12(π − 2) C) 16(π − 2)
π
A) 2 B) 3 C) D) π E) 4 D) 24(π − 3) E) 32(π − 2)
3

8. In the given semicircle

4. In the given circle centered
centered at O, m(∠ABO) = 45 0
at O, If AB = 6 2 cm then
and OB = 4 cm then find the
find the shaded area.
shaded area. (Take π = 3)
A) 9π − 18 B) 6π − 18 C) 36π − 18
D) 18π − 18 E) 12π +8 A) 2 B) 4 C) 5 D) 3 2 E) 5 2

140
Area of Circle Test 2

9. In the given semicircle centered 13. In the given figure, the

at O, m(∠ABC ) = 90 0 and three circles with radii 4 cm
are externally tangent to each
AB = BC = 2 2 cm other. Find the shaded area.
then find the shaded
area. (Take π = 3)
A) 4 3 −π B) 6 3 − 3π C) 4 3 − 7π
3
A) 8 B) 6 C) 4 D) 3 E)
2 D) 8(2 3 − π ) E) 8( 3 − π )

10. In the given semicircle

centered at O, B and T
are tangent points and 14. Two circles with radii r and 5r are given, then find the
m(∠ACB) = 30 0 . If ratio of their areas.
AB = 6 cm then find
the shaded area. 1 1 1 1 1
A) B) C) D) E)
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(Take π = 3 ) 5 10 15 20 25

A) 18( 3 − 1) B) 18( 3 + 1) C) 18 3 − 1
©

D) 16( 3 − 1) E) 6 3 −3

11. Two circles and two

semicircles are placed
as in the given figure. Find
15. Which of the area of a circle given below equals to its the shaded areas.
circumference, numerically?

A) π B) 2π C) 3π D) 4π E) 5π
π π
A) B) C) π D) 100π E) 4π
49 36

12. In the given circle centered 16. In the given figure,

at O, m(∠AOB) = 45 and
0
r = 2 cm and find the
sum of the shaded areas
OB = 4 cm then find the
shaded area. (Take π = 3,14 )
A) 2π −3 3 B) 3π + 3 C) 4π − 3
A) 3,14 B) 6,28 C) 9,42 D) 12,56 E) 15,7 D) 4π + 3 3 E) 3π − 3 3

141
AREA OF CIRCLE TEST 3

1. In the given figure, a square 5. In the given square

ABCD and a quarter circle ABCD, two quarter circles
centered at B are given. If the centered at A and C are
2
shaded area 9 cm then find tangent to each other.
the radius of the circle. If AB = 6 cm then find
(Take π = 3) the sum of the shaded
areas. (Take π = 3 )
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6
A) 6 2 B) 18( 4 − 3 2) C) 54 2

D) 18(3 2 − 4) E) 28 2

2. A semicircle centered at O
is given with radius r. 6. ABCD and BEKF are
AB = BC = 2r and sum squares and point K is on
of the shaded areas is the quarter circle centered
2
36 cm then find r. at B. If the shaded area is
2
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12 cm then find the area

of square ABCD.
A) 3 B) 6 C) 8 D) 9 E) 12

A) 60 B) 48 C) 42 D) 36 E) 28
©

7. In the given figure, points

3. In the given figure, the
A, B, C and D are collinear.
difference of circumference
AED, AFB, BGC and CHD
of two circles centered
are semicircles and
at O is 4π cm. If the
AB = BC = CD . Find
shaded area is 20π
2 the ratio of shaded area to
cm , then find the radius the area of the semicircle AFB
of inner circle.
7π
A) 8 B) 6 C) 5 D) 4 E) 3 A) 2π B) 4 C) D) 5 E) 3π
5

8. In the given figure, the

circles have equal radii 2 cm
4. Find the area of the regular
and tangent to each other
hexagon drawn in the given
circle with radius 6 cm at A. [BC ] is tangent to the
(Take π = 3) circles at B and C, then find the
shaded area. (Take π = 3)
A) 90 B) 72 C) 60 D) 54 3 E) 45 3
A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 6 E) 8

142
Area of Circle Test 3

9. ABCD is a circumscribed 13. In the given circle centered at

square. E, F, G and H are O, m(∠COB) = 90 0 and
tangent points and also
midpoints of sides of square. m(∠OAB) = 15 0 . If
Find the sum of the shaded
BC = 3 2 cm2 then find
areas if AB = 6 cm .
the shaded area. (Take π = 3 )
(Take π = 3)
9 9
A) 9 B) 8 C) 7 D) 6 E) 5 A) B) 3 C) 4 D) E) 5
4 2

10. In the given circle centered 14. In the given figure, the
circles centered at O, have
at O, m(∠C ) = 5 and 0
radii 3 cm and 9 cm. Find the
m(∠AOB) = 90 0 . if the ∩
shaded area if AB = 18,84 cm.
shaded area is 4π then
find OA .
(Take π = 3,14 )
KATEV

A) 6 B) 6 2 C) 8 D) 9 E) 9 2 A) 56,52 B) 75,36 C) 84,36 D) 142,17 E) 284,34

©

11. In the given rectangle,

two semicircles centered at 15. In the given figure, a
semicircle and a rectangle
O1 and O2 are tangent to
are given. If the sides of the
rectangle and each other.
rectangle are 3,5 m and
IfAB = 12 cm then find the 2 m then find the shaded area.
shaded area. (Take π = 3 )
(7 + π ) (14 + π )
9 9 27 27 A) B) 7+π C)
A) B) C) 10 D) E) 2 2
2 4 2 4 (7 + π )
D) 7 + 2π E)
3

12. In the given circle centered

at O, A is tangent point and
m(∠AOB) = 60 0 . If the 16. ABCD is a square with
2
shaded area is 2 cm then side 1 cm. and E, F, G and H
find the area of triangle ABO. are centers of given semicircles.
(Take π = 3) Find the shaded area.

A) 2 B) 3 C) 2 3 D) 4 3 E) 6 3 A) π − 1 B) π − 2 C) 2π −2 D) 2π − 4 E) 2π − 6

143
AREA OF CIRCLE TEST 4

1. In the given figure, the 5. ABEK is a rectangle placed

semicircle with radius 3 cm in the circle centered at O.
is centered at O and
DK = EC = 2 cm, KE = 6 cm
m(∠AOC ) = 20 0 then then find the shaded area.
find the shaded area.

A) 18 B) 20 C) 24 D) 40 E) 50
π π
A) 3π B) 2π C) π D) E)
2 4

6. In the given semicircles, O

2. In the given figure, the is center of big circle, O1 and
semicircle with radius 2 cm O2 are centers of smalls. If

is centered at O. If EC = 1 [DC ] ⊥ [AB] , DC = 1 cm

then find the shaded area.
cm and P is tangent point
then find the shaded area.
3π π 2π π π
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A) B) C) D) E)
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 8 10 4 3 2 3
©

3. ABC is an isosceles 7. In the given figure the

AH = 2 cm
triangle, three circles with radii r
are externally tangent to
and A( ABC ) = 8 cm.
each other. If the shaded
Find the radius of the
π
circle centered at O. area 3− then find r.
2
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 13 E) 17
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

4. ABCD is a rectangle, E, F,
G and H are tangent points 8. The circles centered at O1
of the equal semicircles and O2 have radii 3 cm and
centered at O1 and O2. If 1 cm respectively and they
AD = 4 cm and DC = 12 are tangent to each other.
If A and B are tangent points
cm then find the shaded area. then find shaded area.

A) 48 − 8π B) 48 − 6π C) 48 − 9π π 13π 11π 12π

A) B) C) D) π E)
D) 48 − 16π E) 48 − 5π 6 6 6 5

144
Area of Circle Test 4

9. In the given figure, an equilateral 13. In the given figure, a

triangle ABC and an inscribed rectangle is placed on
circle centered at O are given. the circle. If the radius
If OH = 1 cm then find the of the circle is 1 cm
then find the maximum
area of the equilateral triangle
integer value of area
of the rectangle.
3
A) B) 3 C) 2 3 D) 3 3 E) 2
2 A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 8 E) 16

10. O1, O2 and O3 are centers

of semicircles drawn in the 14. In the given semicircle A,
25π B and E are tangent points
figure. If S 1 + S 2 =
8 and if AO = 2 cm then find
then find the radius of the
the value of DE ⋅ EC .
circle centered at O3.
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3 5 5 A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 16
A) B) 2 C) D) 1 E)
2 2 3
©

11. In the given circles, A 15. In the given figure, a

and D are tangent points.
rhombus ABOC is placed
AP = 3 cm, CP = 1 cm on the circle which is
then find the shaded area.
centered at O. If OB = 2 cm
then find the area of the rhombus.
A) 4π B) 6π C) 8π D) 12π E) 16π

A) 3 B) 2 3 C) 3 3 D) 4 3 E) 6 3

12. A semicircle centered at

O and two quarter circles
16. The circles centered at
centered at A and B. P is
O1 and O2 are internally tangent
the tangent point and ABCD
to the each other at point A, then
is a rectangle, if AB = 4 cm find the ratio of shaded area to
then find the shaded area the area of circle centered at O1.

A) π −2 B) 2π − 4 C) 3π − 6
3 5
D) 4π − 8 E) 6π − 12 A) 1 B)
2
C) 2 D)
2
E) 3

145
Area in Circle Test 4

17. In the given figure, two

concentric circles are centered
at point O. If [ AC ] is tangent
to the inner circle at point B and
AC = 8 cm then find the area
of shaded part.

A) 9π B) 10π C) 12π D) 16π E) 20π

18. In the given figure, two

circles are centered at point
O and [ AC ] ∪ [ BD] = {O}
If OF = 2 cm, FB = 4 cm and
∩
AC = 12 cm, then find the sum
of the shaded areas
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A) 48 B) 54 C) 56 D) 64 E) 72
©

19. In the given circle centered

[ AC ] is the diameter.
at point O,
If m(∠DAC ) = m(∠BAC ) ,
AO = 6 cm and EB = 3 cm
then find the shaded area.

A) 9π − 6 3 B) 9π − 4 3 C) 6π − 9 3
D) 6π −6 3 E) 6π −4 3

20. In the given figure, a

rectangle is placed on the
circle. If [ BD] is diagonal

AD = 4 cm and BD = 2 5
cm, then find the sum of the
shaded areas.

5π
A) 2π −4 B) −4 C) 3π −4
2
5π 5π
D) −3 E) −2
2 2

146
 Analytic
geometry
• Line in Analytic Plane
• Point in Analytic Plane
• Circle in Analytic Plane
 POINT in ANALYTIC
PLANE

ANALYTIC PLANE x < 0 and 0 < y

In 2nd quadrant
rd
In 3 quadrant x < 0 and y < 0
A coordinate or analytic plane contains of two perpendi-
In 4 quadrant 0 < x and y < 0
th
cular number lines, the x-axis (abscissa) and the y-axis
(ordinate) that intersect at their origins. The point of inter-
section O of the coordinate axes is called the origin of the
coordinate plane.
KATEV
©

In the given figure above, the point A( x1 , y1 ) is in 1st

quadrant, the point B(− x1 , y1 ) is in 2nd quadrant, the
point C (− x1 , − y1 ) is in 3rd quadrant and the point
D( x1 , − y1 ) is in 1st quadrant.
The coordinate axes divide coordinate plane into four
regions, called quadrants that are numbered as in the
figure above. DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

The formula for the distance between A( x1 , y1 ) and

B( x 2 , y 2 ) in the coordinate plane by using The
Pythagorean Theorem as follows;

2
AB = ( x 2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2

AB = ( x 2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2

As in the figure above,

st
In 1 quadrant 0 < x and 0 < y

149
 POINT IN ANALYTIC PLANE

MIDPOINT OF A LINE SEGMENT

The vertices of the triangle ABC are A( x1 , y1 ) ,
The midpoint of a line segment [AB] with coordinates B( x 2 , y 2 )
A( x1 , y1 ) and B( x 2 , y 2 ) is the point C ( x 0 , y 0 ) . and C ( x 3 , y 3 ) , then the area of the triangle ABC is;

⎛ x + x 2 y1 + y 2 ⎞
C ( x0 , y 0 ) = C ⎜ 1 , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
x1 y1
1
A( ABC ) = ⋅ x 2 y 2
2
x3 y 3

x1 y1
⎡( x1 y 2 + x 2 y 3 + x3 y1 ) − ⎤
x2 y 2 = ⎢ ⎥
⎣ − ( x 2 y1 + x3 y 2 + x1 y 3 )⎦
x3 y 3
KATEV

NOTE:

TRIANGLE IN ANALYTIC PLANE

©

The vertices of the parallelogram are A( x1 , y1 ) ,

B( x 2 , y 2 ) , C ( x3 , y 3 ) and C ( x 4 , y 4 ) , then the
intersection point of the diagonals of the parallelogram

1) MIDPOINT OF SEGMENT [BC]

ABCD is P;

The coordinates of the midpoint of line the segment [BC ] ⎛ x + x3 y1 + y 3 ⎞ ⎛ x + x4 y 2 + y 4 ⎞

is,
P⎜ 1 , ⎟ and P ⎜ 2 , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 2 ⎠
⎛ x + x2 y3 + y 2 ⎞
D⎜ 3 , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠ from here, x1 + x3 = x 2 + x 4 and y1 + y 3 = y 2 + y 4

2) CENTROID OF TRIANGLE

The coordinates of the intersection of the medians (center

of gravity) or centroid of triangle is,

⎛ x + x 2 + x 3 y1 + y 2 + y 3 ⎞
G⎜ 1 , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠

3) AREA OF TRIANGLE

150
POINT IN ANALYTIC PLANE TEST 1

1. In analytic plane, what is the distance between point 6. In analytic plane, the distance from point P (a, 2a − 1)
A(−1, 3) and point B (7, − 12) ? to the origin is 17 then find a.

A) 12 B) 13 C) 15 D) 17 E) 18
A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9

2. In analytic plane, point P (a ⋅ b, a + b) is in third

quadrant and which of the following is the possible value of 7. In the given figure, OABC
( a, b) ? is a rhombus and C (9, 12)
then find A(OABC ) .
A) (−1, − 3) B) (1, − 3) C) (3, − 1)
D) (−1, 2) E) (3, 2) A) 120 B) 150 C) 160 D) 180 E) 200
KATEV

3. In analytic plane, the distance from point A(14, − 2) to

8. In analytic plane, point P (a − 2, b + 3) is in second
origin is equal to the distance from point B ( −10, n) to
origin then which of the following is the possible value of quadrant then which of the following is the possible value
©

n? of pair ( a, b)

A) -8 B) -6 C) 6 D) 8 E) 10
A) (3, − 1) B) (4, − 2) C) (1, − 1)
D) (−1, − 4) E) (3, − 2)

4. In the given figure,

A(5, 0) , B (7, 6) and
C (0, 4) then find the 9. In given analytic plane,
area of the shaded area A(0, 6) , B (n, 3) and
C (m, 2) are given. If
A) 25 B) 26 C) 27 D) 28 E) 29 m − n = 5 then find
A( ABOC )

A) 12 B) 15 C) 16 D) 18 E) 20

5. In analytic plane, point A(2k + 8, p − 3) is in third

quadrant then which of the following is true for k and p?

10. In analytic plane, A(5 − n, m + 3) and

k < −4 k<4 k<4
A) B) C) B (n + 7,13 − m) are given. Find the distance from
p<3 p<3 p < −3
midpoint of [ AB ] to the origin.
k <3 k < −4
D) E)
p<4 p < −3
A) 6 B) 8 C) 9 D) 10 E) 12

151
Point In Analytic Plane Test 1

11. In analytic plane, what is the distance between point 16. In analytic plane, A( 4, 8) , B ( 2, 5) , C (7, 1) and
A(−1, 5) and point B (3, − 3) ? D( x, y ) are vertices of a parallelogram then find the
coordinates of point D.

A) 4 2 B) 4 3 C) 8 D) 4 5 E) 4 6
A) (8, 4) B) (9, 4) C) (7, 3)
D) ( 7, 4) E) (9, 3)

12. In analytic plane, what is the sum of the coordinates

17. In the given figure ABCD
of points A and B, if midpoint of line [AB] is M (−2, 5) ? is a rectangle, A( 2, 0) ,
B (k , 3) and D(0, 6)
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7 then find the coordinates
of point C.

A) (9, 10) B) (9, 9) C) (9, 8)

D) (10, 8) E) (10, 9)
13. In the given figure ABCD
is a parallelogram, AE = EB
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and A( −2, 7) . If C (10, 1)

then find the coordinates of
point F.
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18. In analytic plane, A(3, 10) , B (3, 2) , C (8, k ) and

D( x, y ) are vertices of a rectangle, then find the sum of
A) (3, 4) B) (2, 4) C) (2, 5)
the coordinates of point D.
D) (3, 5) E) (4, 6)
A) 12 B) 16 C) 18 D) 20 E) 24

14. In analytic plane, line [ AB ] is given with points

19. In the given figure,
A(−1, 8) and B (9, 3) . If point C lies on line [ AB ] with [OA] ⊥ [AB] and A(4, 8) .
3. AC = 2. CB then find the coordinates of point F. If point B is on the x-axis
then find abscissa of the
A) (3, 6) B) (2, 6) C) (3, 4) D) (2, 4) E) (4, 6) point B

A) 16 B) 18 C) 20 D) 24 E) 26

15. In the given figure ABCD

is a parallelogram, D(0, 6)
and A( ABCD ) = 48 then 20. In analytic plane, A( 2, − 1) , B (3, 5) , C (6, − 1) and
find the sum of the D( x, y ) are vertices of a parallelogram then find
coordinates of point C.
A( ABCD) .
A) 14 B) 15 C) 16 D) 17 E) 18
A) 12 B) 16 C) 20 D) 24 E) 32

152
POINT IN ANALYTIC PLANE TEST 2

1. In analytic plane, point A(m − n, m.n) is in third 6. In the given figure ABC is
quadrant then which of the following is the possible value a right triangle, [AB] ⊥ [BC ] ,
of pair ( m, n)
A(−2, 0) , D(4, 0) and
A) (−1, − 2) B) (1, − 2) C) (1, 2) C (10, 0) then find BD .
D) (3, − 1) E) (−2, 5)
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) 8

2. Point P is the midpoint of the line [ AB ] , which the point 7. In analytic plane, the distance from point A(8, 5) to the
A is on the x-axis with abscissa 8 and the point B is on the point B(8, − 8) is equal to the distance from point A to the
y-axis with ordinate 4. Find the distance from midpoint of
[AB] to the origin
point C. If the point C is on the x-axis then find the
abscissa of point C.

A) 2 2 B) 2 3 C) 2 5 D) 4 2 E) 4 3 A) -6 B) -4 C) -2 D) 2 E) 4
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8. In the given figure, ABO

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3. In the given figure, ABC is is a triangle, OA = OB

a triangle, A(8, 8) , B (0, 6) and A(9, 12) then find
and C ( 4, 0) then find AB = k .
A( ABC )
A) 6 2 B) 6 3 C) 12 D) 6 5 E) 6 6
A) 20 B) 22 C) 24 D) 26 E) 28

9. In analytic plane, A(−1, 3) , B ( 2, − 4) and C (5, 1) are

vertices of a triangle, then find the distance between point
4. In analytic plane, A( a, k ) , B (5, n) , C (b, p ) and
A and point G (Center of gravity).
D( −2, m) are vertices of a parallelogram then a + b .
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 3 2 E) 3 3
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

10. In analytic plane, A(3, 5) , B (15, 1) and point C which

5. In analytic plane, if a 2 = 46 then find the distance from lies on the x-axis are given. If AC = BC then find the
point P( a − 2, a + 2) to the origin. abscissa of point C.

A) 6 B) 7 C) 8 D) 9 E) 10 A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 8 E) 9

153
Point In Analytic Plane Test 2

11. In analytic plane, A(−2, 5) , B (4, − 1) and C (0, 17) 16. In analytic plane, A(3, 2) , B (6, 1) and point C
are vertices of a triangle, then find the length of median which lies on the x-axis are given, then find AC − BC
belongs to side [BC ] . if it is selected as maximum.

A) 5 B) 6 C) 8 D) 9 E) 10
A) 5 B) 2 2 C) 3 D) 10 E) 4

12. In the given figure OABC

is a quadrilateral, A(3, − m) , 17. In analytic plane, A(4, 4) , B (0, k ) and C (2, 7) are
B (8, 0) and C (4, n) . If given. If AB + BC is selected as minimum then find k.
m + n = 7 then find
A(OABC ) . A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9

A) 24 B) 28 C) 32 D) 36 E) 38
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18. In analytic plane, k is a variable and P ( 2k − 3, 4 − 5k )

then which of the following equations is satisfied by point
13. In analytic plane, A(2, 3) , B (−1, 4) and C ( x, y ) P.
©

are consecutively collinear and 2 ⋅ AC = 3 ⋅ BC then A) 3x + 2 y + 3 = 0 B) 3 x + 5 y + 5 = 0

find x+ y. C) 5 x + 3 y + 5 = 0 D) 5 x + y + 3 = 0
E) 5 x + 2 y + 7 = 0
A) -2 B) -1 C) 1 D) 2 E) 3

19. In the given figure,

14. In analytic plane, A(−1, 2) , B (5, 2) and C (a, b) [AB] ⊥ [AD] and
are vertices of a triangle. If center of gravity is G (4, 4) AC = CD . If A(0, 4)
then find A( ABC ) . and B ( −2, 0) then find
the abscissa of point C
A) 12 B) 15 C) 18 D) 21 E) 24
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6

15. In analytic plane, A(2, 1) , B (14, − 2) and point C

which lies on the x-axis are given. If AC + BC is 20. If the distance between the points P1 (m, 2) and
selected as minimum then find the abscissa of point C P2 (7, 5) is 5, then find the maximum value of m.

A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 8 E) 10 A) 13 B) 11 C) 3 D) -1 E) -3

154
 Line in analytic
plane

SLOPE OF A LINE the line and the x-axis

or in the other way;
The slope of a line is the tangent of the positive directed
angle between the line and x-axis. Positive direction means y 2 − y1
m AB = tan α =
counter clockwise direction or anticlockwise direction.
x 2 − x1

CONCLUSIONS:

1- The slope of any vertical

lines which are parallel to
the y-axis is undefined. The
angle between the line and
o
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the x-axis is 90 and

m = tan 90 o = Undefined
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As a formal definition, the ratio between the changes in x-

coordinates to the changes in y-coordinates is called slope.
The slope of a line is denoted by letter m.
2- The slope of any horizontal
lines which are parallel to
the change in x
m = tan α = the x-axis is undefined. The
the change in y angle between the line and
o
the x-axis is 0 and
m = tan 0 o = 0
*The slope of line d 1 is
m1 = tan α

*The slope of line d 2 is SPECIAL CASES

m 2 = tan β

1- The slope of any line which

NOTE: have the angle 30o between
the line and the x-axis is
The slope of a line whose 3
two points are known can m = tan 30 o =
be found by using trigonometric
3
function “tangent”. If the points
are A( x1 , y1 ) and B ( x 2 , y 2 ) ,
then the slope is equal to
tangent of the angle between
2- The slope of any line which

155
 Line in analytic
plane

have the angle 45o between

the line and the x-axis is
m = tan 45 o = 1

155
 Line in analytic plane

3- The slope of any line

which have the angle 60o 1- If any three points A, B and C are collinear then their
between the line and the corresponding slopes are equal.
x-axis is
m AB = m BC = m AC
m = tan 60 o = 3
2- If any three points A, B and C are collinear then area of
the region which these three points form is zero.

If A( x1 , y1 ) , B ( x 2 , y 2 ) and C ( x3 , y 3 ) , then

4- The slope of any line x1 y1

which have the angle 90o
between the line and the x2 y 2 = 0
x-axis is x3 y 3

m = tan 90 o = Undefined

EQUATION OF A LINE
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5- The slope of any line

which have the angle 120o 1- SLOPE-ORIGIN FORM:
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between the line and the

x-axis is The equation of the line which passes through the origin
having a slope m is y = m ⋅ x
m = tan 120 o = − 3

6- The slope of any line

o
which have the angle 135
between the line and the
x-axis is

m = tan 135 o = − 1

2- SLOPE-POINT FORM:

The equation of a line with slope

m passes through the point
7- The slope of any line A( x1 , y1 ) is,
o
which have the angle 150
between the line and the y − y1 = m( x − x1 )
x-axis is

3
m = tan 150 o = −
3
NOTE:

156
 Line in analytic plane

3- TWO-POINT FORM:
d1 : a1 x + b1 y + c1 = 0 ⎫
The equation of a line that ⎬
passes through the points d 2 : a 2 x + b2 y + c 2 = 0 ⎭
A( x1 , y1 ) and B ( x 2 , y 2 )
is y − y1 = m( x − x1 ) where a1 b1 c1
A) If = = ,
y − y1 a 2 b2 c 2
the slope, m = 2
x 2 − x1
then the equation is; then the lines d 1 and d 2
coincide. That means d1 = d 2
y − y1 y − y1 x − x1
y − y1 = 2 ⋅ ( x − x1 ) or =
x 2 − x1 y2 − y1 x2 − x1

a1 b1 c1
B) If = ≠
a 2 b2 c 2
4- TWO-INTERCEPT FORM:
then the lines d 1 and d 2
The equation of the line
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with x-intercept at a and are parallel to each other.

y-intercept at b is, It is shown by d1 // d 2
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x y
+ =1
a b
a1 b1
C) If ≠
a 2 b2

5- STANDARD FORM : The standard notation of then the lines d 1 and d 2

equation of any line is intersect at a point. The
intersection point can be
ax + by + c = 0 , where a, b, c ∈ R and a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0 , obtained by equalizing the
a c equations of the lines d1
then this equation can be written as; y = x − from
b b and d2 .
−a c
here, if we take m = tan α = and n = − , then this
b b
equation can be written as;
D) If a1 ⋅ a 2 + b1 ⋅ b2 = 0 ,
y = m⋅ x + n.
then the lines d 1 and d 2 are
perpendicular to each other,
that means d1 ⊥ d 2
6- SPECIAL LINES

In this manner, if the product of the slopes is negative 1,

then we can say the lines d 1 and d 2 are perpendicular to
each other.

d1 ⊥ d 2 ⇔ m1 ⋅ m 2 = −1

POSITIONS OF TWO LINES

157
 Line in analytic plane

ANGLE BETWEEN TWO LINES POINT WHICH DIVIDES A LINE INTO

PROPORTIONAL PARTS
In the given figure, the slope
A) If a point P( x 0 , y 0 )
of line d 1 is tan θ = m1 and
on the line [ AB ] where the
the slope of line d 2 is tan β = m 2 .
points A and B are defined
If the angle between two lines
as A( x1 , y1 ) and B( x 2 , y 2 ) .
d1 and d 2 is α then;
If the point P is between
points A and B, then;

x 0 − x1 y − y1
= k and 0 =k
tan θ − tan β m1 − m 2 x2 − x0 y2 − y0
tan α = or tan α =
1 + tan θ ⋅ tan β 1 + m1 ⋅ m 2
B) If the point P is outside the
points A and B, then;

x 0 − x1
DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A LINE = k and
x0 − x 2
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Let the distance between the y 0 − y1

=k
point P( x1 , y1 ) and to the y0 − y2
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line d 1 : ax + by +c=0
be d, then d is;
SYMMETRY

1-The symmetrical point of

a ⋅ x1 + b ⋅ y1 + c
PH = d = P ( x 0 , y 0 ) with respect to
a2 + b2 x-axis is P / ( x0 , − y 0 ) .

DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO LINES

2- The symmetrical point of

d1 : ax + by + c1 = 0
⇔ d1 // d 2 P ( x 0 , y 0 ) with respect to
d 2 : ax + by + c 2 = 0
y-axis is P / (− x0 , y 0 ) .

If two lines are parallel

then the distance
between them is;

3- The symmetrical point of

c1 − c 2 P( x 0 , y 0 ) with respect to
AB = h =
a2 + b2 the origin is P / (− x0 , − y 0 ) .

158
 Line in analytic plane

4- The symmetrical point of 8- The symmetrical point of

P ( x 0 , y 0 ) with respect to P ( x 0 , y 0 ) with respect to the
the line y = x is P ( y 0 , x 0 ) .
/
line y = a is P / ( x 0 , 2a − y 0 ) .

9- The symmetrical line of the line ax + by + c = 0 with

5- The symmetrical point of respect to the point A(k , r ) is
P ( x 0 , y 0 ) with respect to the a ⋅ (2 ⋅ k − x) + b ⋅ (2 ⋅ r − y ) + c = 0 .
line y = − x is P / ( − y 0 , − x 0 ) .
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©

6- The symmetrical point of

P( x 0 , y 0 ) with respect to the
point A( a, b) is
P / ( 2a − x 0 , 2b − y 0 ) .

7- The symmetrical point of

P( x 0 , y 0 ) with respect to the
line x = a is P / (2a − x 0 , y 0 ) .

159
LINE IN ANALYTIC PLANE TEST 1

1. In analytic plane, A(1, k ) , B (2, 3) , C (−3, 1) and 6. In analytic plane, find the area between the lines
D( −2, m) are given. If AB // CD then find k + m . x = −1 , x = 7 , y = 2 and y = 5 .

A) 18 B) 20 C) 24 D) 30 E) 32
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) 8

7. In analytic plane, ax + 2 y − 7 = 0 and

2. Find the slope of a line which passes through the points
A(3 + m, 2) and B (m − 1, 5) 3x − 5 y + 12 = 0 are perpendicular to each other then
find a.
−2 −3 2 3 3
A) B) C) D) E) 7 10 9 11 13
3 4 3 4 5 A) B) C) D) E)
3 3 2 2 2

3. In the given figure,

AB = BC and A(−4, 2) , 8. In analytic plane, find the equation of the line passes
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then find the slope of the through the point A(−1, 2) and perpendicular to the line
line which passes through
the points A, B and C. 2x − 6 y + k = 0
©

1 1 1 1 1 A) y = −3x − 1 B) y = 3x − 1 C) y = −3 x + 1
A) − B) − C) − D) − E) −
8 6 4 3 2 D) y = 3x + 1 E) y = −3x − 2

4. In analytic plane, find the area between x = 0 , y = 0

and the line passes through the point A(−3, 4) with a 9. In analytic plane, A(3, 1) , B (2, 4) and C (k , 13) are
slope m = 2. given. If point C is on line [AB] then find k.
A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 35 E) 40
A) -3 B) -2 C) -1 D) 2 E) 3

5. In analytic plane, A(−3, 2) , B(4, 1) and C (2, 7)

vertices of a triangle ABC, then find the equation of the 10. In analytic plane, find the equation of the line which
median which belongs to side BC . [ ] passes through the point A(2, − 1) and is parallel to the
line y = 2x − 1
A) x − 3y + 9 = 0 B) x − 2 y +6=0
C) x − 2 y +4=0 D) x − 3 y +2=0 A) y = 2x − 2 B) y = 2x − 5 C) y = 2x + 1
E) 3 x − y+6=0 D) y = 2x + 2 E) y = 2x + 5

160
Line In Analytic Plane Test 1

11. In analytic plane, A(1, 3) , B (0, 1) and C ( m, n) are 16. Find the equation of the line, that passes through the
collinear and then find 2m − n . intersection of the lines 3 x + y − 7 = 0 and x − 2 y = 0 and
is parallel to the line 2 x − y + 3 = 0 .

A) -2 B) -1 C) 0 D) 1 E) 2
A) y = 2 x − 3 B) y = 2 x + 3 C) y = −2 x + 3

D) y = 2 x − 1 E) y = 2 x + 1

12. In analytic plane, find the equation of the line passes

through the point A(3, − 2) and makes an angle 45 0 with 17. If the line ( m − 2) x + y − 3 = 0 is perpendicular to the
the x-axis.
line 2 x − m = 0 , then find the intersection point of the
lines.
A) y = x−5 B) y=x−2 C) y = x −1
A) (1, 4) B) (1, 3) C) ( 2, 4) D) ( 2, 3) (0, 0)
D) y = x +1 E) y=x+2 E)

18. If the distance between the point P (m, 2m) and the
13. In analytic plane, find the equation of the line which line 12 x + 5 y = 1 is 5 units, then find the value of m?
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passes through the points A( −1, 2) and B (3, m) and

perpendicular to the line x − 3y + 2 = 0 . A)
43
B) –3 C) −
65
D) 5 E) 3
11 22
©

A) -10 B) -8 C) -6 D) -4 E) -2

x y
19. The two lines given by the equations + +1 = 0
2 6
14. In analytic plane, find the equation of the line which is and 6 x + 2 y + c = 0 are parallel. If the distance between
formed by the parametric equations of x = 2t − 1 and
y = 3t + 2 . these lines is 10 cm, then what is the sum of the possible
values of c?
A) 2x − y + 5 = 0 B) 3x + 2 y − 7 = 0
A) 18 B) 20 C) 24 D) 32 E) 40
C) 3x − 2 y + 7 = 0 D) 3x − y + 7 = 0
E) x − 3y + 5 = 0

20. The points A(−3, 4) and B (7, 0) are given. Which

one of the followings is the equation of the perpendicular
bisector of the line segment AB ? [ ]
15. In analytic plane, find the area between lines x = 0 ,
A) y − 5 x + 6 = 0 B) 2 y + 5 x + 6 = 0
y = 0 , x + y − 2 2 = 0 and x + y − 6 2 = 0 .
C) −2 y + 5 x − 6 = 0 D) 3 y + 2 x − 4 = 0
A) 16 B) 20 C) 24 D) 30 E) 32 E) y − 2 x − 1 = 0

161
LINE IN ANALYTIC PLANE TEST 2

1. Which one of the following lines does not pass through 6. If the slope of the line (2 − k ) x + (3k + 1) y + 5 = 0 is
the origin?
1
, then find k.
x y 4
A) x − 3y = 0 B) y = 5x C) + =0
4 4
A) 1 B) 5 C) 7 D) 9 E) 12
D) 2x − 3y = 0 E) x+3 = y

7. If the lines x − y + 5 = 0 , px − y + 1 = 0 and

2. If the distance between the points P1 (m, 2) and
3 x + 4 y − 6 = 0 intersect at a point, then find p.
P2 (7, 5) is 5 units, then the maximum value of m is
A) –2 B) –1 C) 1 D) 2 E) 3
A) 14 B) 11 C) 3 D) -3 E) -11

3. Which one of the followings is the radius of the circle, 8. If the lines 3 x + my + 2 = 0 and nx − 6 y + 4 = 0
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that is tangent to the parallel lines 3 x − 4 y + 5 = 0 and coincide, then find the value of m + n .
8 y − 6 x + 12 = 0 ?
A) –3 B) 3 C) 9 D) 18 E) 20
©

11 6 5 11 10
A) B) C) D) E)
5 5 6 10 11

9. The points A(−4, − 1) , B (6, 5) and C (0, a ) are

4. Which one of the followings is the equation of the line given. If the point C is on the line [AB] , find a.
that passes through the origin and the intersection point of
the lines y = 3 x − 3 and y = x − 5 ? 7 13 2
A) B) C) 5 D) E) 3
5 5 3
2 3
A) y = 4x B) y=− x C) y= x
3 2
D) y = 6x E) y = −6 x

10. In analytic plane, A(3, 5) , B (1, 2) and C (7, 9) are

5. If the lines given by the equations x + 2 y = −3 , vertices of a triangle ABC. Find the equation of the line
which passes through the point B and parallel to side
2 x + y = 3 and ax + y = 5 intersect at a point, then find [ AC ] .
the value of a.

A) y = x +1 B) y = 2x + 1 C) y=x+2
3 3 8
A) B) C) D) 1 E) 0
8 5 3 D) y = 2x + 2 E) y= x+3

162
Line In Analytic Plane Test 2

11. In analytic plane, the line which passes through the 16. In analytic plane,
points A(n, 2) and B(3, k ) and also perpendicular to the A(−2, 0) , B (0, 1) , C (0, 3)
y-axis then find k. and D (6, 0) . If point P is
intersection of lines d 1
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 and d 2 then find the
ordinate of point P.

3 7 5 8
A) B) C) 2 D) E)
2 3 2 3

12. In analytic plane, A(1, 6) , B(7, 2) and P ( x, y ) are

given. If AP = BP then find the relationship between x
and y.
17. In analytic plane, find the distance from intersection
point of lines 2 x − 3 y − 2 = 0 and x + y − 6 = 0 to the
A) x − 2y + 2 = 0 B) 3x − y − 4 = 0
x-axis.
C) 3x + 2 y − 4 = 0 D) 3x − 2 y − 4 = 0
1 3 5
E) 2x − y − 2 = 0 A)
2
B) 1 C)
2
D) 2 E)
2
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18. In analytic plane, find the distance between point

13. In analytic plane, find the intersection point of the lines A (− 2 , 5 ) and line y = 3x − 2
which are defined by the common equation of
©

3mx − (m − 1) y + 2m + 7 = 0 . 9 11 12
A) B) C)
10 10 10
A) (−3, − 7) B) (−1, 3) C) (1, 3) 13 15
D) E)
D) (3, − 7) E) (1, − 3) 10 10

19. In analytic plane, find the area between the lines

x − 3 y = 0 , x − y = 0 and x − 6 = 0 .
14. In analytic plane, find the distance between lines
x − 3 y = 0 and x − 3 y + 5 10 = 0 . A) 12 B) 18 C) 24 D) 30 E) 36

A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 8

20. In the given figure,

lines x − 4 = 0 and
−x
15. In analytic plane, find the distance between point y= + k are given. If
2
A(1, 6) and line 3x + 4 y − 7 = 0 .
A( AODB) = 24 then find k.

A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) 8

163
LINE IN ANALYTIC PLANE TEST 3

1. In analytic plane, the lines x + y = k , y = 4 x and 6. In analytic plane, find the equation of the line passes
y + 2 x − 12 = 0 intersect at one point then find k. through the points A(−1, 2) and B ( 2, 3) .

1 7 1 4
A) 4 B) 6 C) 8 D) 9 E) 10 A) y=− x+ B) y=− x−
3 3 3 3
1 7 1 7
C) y = x + D) y = − x −
3 3 3 3
1 7
E) y= x−
3 3
2. In analytic plane, A(6, 0) , B(10, 4) and a point P on
the x-axis are given. If AP = PB then find the abscissa
of point P.
7. In analytic plane, 5 x + 3 y − 4 = 0 and
A) 9 B) 10 C) 11 D) 12 E) 13
ax + 3 y − 5 = 0 are perpendicular to each other then
find a.

3 3 5 9 9
A) B) − C) − D) − E)
5 7 9 5 5
3. In the given figure, the
2
d; y = − x+m
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lines
3
and y = x intersect at the
8. In analytic plane, the symmetrical point of A(3, 5) with
point B. If AC = 10 and
©

respect to line kx + 2 y − 4 = 0 is itself then find k.

BC = n then find n.
A) -2 B) -1 C) 1 D) 2 E) 3
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) 8

9. In analytic plane, the symmetrical point of A(3, − 5)

with respect to x-axis is P and the symmetrical point of
4. In analytic plane, find the slope of the line if it passes
through the point P (3, 2) and the origin. A(3, − 5) with respect to y-axis is Q then find PQ

2 3 2 A) 8 B) 12 C) 2 91 D) 181 E) 2 34
A) B) C) 2 D) E) 4
3 2 5

10. In the given figure, [OP ]

is tangent to the circle at
5. In analytic plane, the line y = (a + 3) x + 4 is parallel point T. If A( 4, 0) and
to the line 2 x − y + 3 = 0 then find a. B (9, 0) then find OT = k .

A) -2 B) -1 C) 0 D) 1 E) 2
A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9

164
Line In Analytic Plane Test 3

11. In the given figure, A(0, 6) , 16. In analytic plane, find the equation of the line which is
B (−2, 0) and C (0, − 4) are given by the parametric equations of x = 2 p − 5 and
given then find the p
y= +4.
coordinates the center 3
of circle.
A) x − 6 y + 29 = 0 B) x − 3 y + 12 = 0
C) x − 4 y + 20 = 0 D) x − 2 y + 13 = 0
A) (5,1) B) (5, 2) C) (4,1) D) (4, 2) E) (6, 2)
E) x − 5 y + 22 = 0

12. In analytic plane, find the equation of the line which

passes through the point P (−8, 4) and has a slope m = 1 17. In analytic plane,
2
d1 ; y = − x + 2 13
x x 3
A) y= −6 B) y = x − 12 C) y= +6
2 2 and d 1 ⊥ d 2 then

D) y=x−6 E) y = x + 12 find BC .

A) 6 B) 8 C) 9 D) 10 E) 12
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13. In analytic plane, find the intersection point of the lines

2 x + 3 y = 12 and x + 2 y = 7 .
x y
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18. In analytic plane, the lines + = 1 , x = 0 and

A) (3, 2) B) (−3, 2) C) (3, − 2) 9 6
y = 0 forms a triangle then find the center of gravity of this
D) (−3, − 2) E) (2, 3) triangle.

A) (3, 2) B) (3, 3) C) (3,1) D) (1, 2) E) (1, 3)

14. In analytic plane, if the point P is on the given line

2 x + 3 y − 6 = 0 , then find the x-coordinate of the point P
which is closest to the origin. 19. In analytic plane, A(2, − 1) , B (m, 5) , C (n, − 2) and
D(3, 4) are given. If [ AB ] // [CD ] then find m + n .
5 6 7 9 12
A) B) C) D) E)
13 13 13 13 13 A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9

15. In analytic plane, the distance between the lines

20. In analytic plane, A(7, 7) , B (0, 6) and C (k , 0) are
5 x − 12 y + 2 = 0 and 5 x − 12 y + k = 0 is 2 then find
the sum of the possible values k. given. If k > 7 and AB = AC then find BC .

A) -2 B) -1 C) 0 D) 2 E) 4 A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 10

165
 Circle in analytic
plane

EQUATIONS OF CIRCLES x 2 + ( y − b) 2 = r 2

1-OPEN EQUATION OF A CIRCLE

4- CIRCLE CENTERED ON THE X-AXIS

Let P ( x, y ) be a variable
If b = 0 and a ≠ 0 , then the
point on the circle centered
center is M (a,0) . The
at M (a, b) with radius r, and
equation of the circle is
the distance between point M
and point P; ( x − a ) 2 + ( y − 0) 2 = r 2 ,
or shortly;
2
MP = ( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 ( x − a) 2 + y 2 = r 2

r 2 = ( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2
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This equation is called open equation of the circle.

5- CIRCLE TANGENT TO THE Y-AXIS

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2- EQUATION OF CENTRAL CIRCLE

The circle centered at the
point M (a, b) is tangent
The circle centered at the
to the y-axis. The equation
origin is called central circle.
of the circle is;
If a = b = 0 then the center
( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = r 2 ,
is M (0,0) . Then the
and also r = a , then;
equation of the circle is
( x − 0) 2 + ( y − 0) 2 = r 2 , or ( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = a 2

shortly; x2 + y2 = r 2

3- CIRCLE CENTERED ON THE Y-AXIS

6- CIRCLE TANGENT TO THE Y-AXIS
Ifa = 0 and b ≠ 0 , then the
center is M (0, b) . The The circle centered at the
equation of the circle is point M (a, b) is tangent
( x − 0) + ( y − b ) = r ,
2 2 2 to the x-axis. The equation
of the circle is;
or shortly;

166
 Circle in analytic
plane

( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = r 2
and also r = b , then;
( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = b 2

166
 circle in analytic plane

7- CIRCLE TANGENT TO THE X AND Y-AXIS A) If A

2
+ B 2 − 4C > 0 , then the equation defines a
circle.
The circle centered at the point
M (a, b) is tangent to the x-axis. B) If A 2 + B 2 − 4C < 0 , then the equation defines empty
and the y-axis. The equation of the set.

circle is; ( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = r 2
C) If A
2
+ B 2 − 4C = 0 , then the equation defines a
and also a = b = r , then; point.
( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = a 2 or
( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = b 2 D) If C = 0 , then the circle passes through the origin.

E) If A 2 = 4C , then the circle is tangent to the x-axis.

8- GENERAL EQUATION OF CIRCLE
F) If B 2 = 4C , then the circle is tangent to the y-axis.
Let’s expand and arrange
G) If A = B = 4C , then the circle is tangent to the x-
2 2
the open equation of the
circle axis and y-axis.

( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = r 2
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POSITION OF A CIRCLE AND A LINE

as;

The equation of circle x 2 + y 2 + Ax + By + C = 0 and

©

x 2 − 2ax + a 2 + y 2 − 2by + b 2 = r 2 the equation of the line ax + by + c = 0 are given. The

x + y − 2ax − 2by + a + b − r = 0
2 2 2 2 2 common solution of these equations is a quadratic (second
degree) equation and if its discriminate is ∆ then;
If − 2a = A , − 2b = B and a 2 + b 2 − r 2 = C then the
equation of the circle is;

x 2 + y 2 + Ax + By + C = 0 from here, the center is;

A B
M ( a, b) = M ( − ,− ) and the radius is
2 2
I) If ∆ > 0 , then the line and the circle intersect at two
A 2 B points.
r 2 = a 2 + b 2 − C or r 2 = (− ) + (− ) 2 − C
2 2
II) If ∆ = 0 , then the line is tangent to the circle.

1 III) If ∆ < 0 , then the line and the circle has no common
finally r= A 2 + B 2 − 4C point. (No intersection)
2

NOTES:

For the following equation x 2 + y 2 + Ax + By + C = 0 ;

167
 circle in analytic plane

POSITION OF TWO CIRCLES a − x1

B) The slope of the tangent line [PT ] is; m PT =
y1 − b
The slope of the tangent line and a point are given and the
equation of the tangent line is; y − y1 = m PT ⋅ ( x − x1 ) ,
a − x1
then y − y1 = ⋅ ( x − x1 )
y1 − b

Shortly; ( y − y1 ) ⋅ ( y1 − b) = −( x1 − a) ⋅ ( x − x1 ) or
( y − y1 ) ⋅ ( y1 − b) + ( x1 − a) ⋅ ( x − x1 ) = 0
If two circles are given as;
C1 : x 2 + y 2 + A1 x + B1 y + C1 = 0 and
C 2 : x 2 + y 2 + A2 x + B2 y + C 2 = 0 , then these NOTES

equations defines a system. The solution of this system 1- The equation of the line which is tangent to the circle
defines a linear equation of line (d1 ) ,
x 2 + y 2 = r 2 at point P ( x1 , y1 ) is xx1 + yy1 = r 2

EQUATIONS OF TANGENT AND NORMAL 2- The equation of the line which is tangent to the circle
OF A CIRCLE x 2 + y 2 + Ax + By + C = 0 at point P ( x1 , y1 ) is
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A B
The equation of the tangent and the normal lines which is xx1 + yy1 + ( x + x1 ) + ( y + y1 ) + C = 0
2 2
( x − a) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = r 2 at point
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drawn to the circle

P( x1 , y1 ) is;
3- The equation of the line which is tangent to the circle
( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = r 2 at point P ( x1 , y1 ) is
( x − a ) ⋅ ( x1 − a) + ( y − b) ⋅ ( y1 − b) = 0

REGIONS SEPERATED BY A CIRCLE

1- The set of points ( x, y ) which satisfies the inequality

y −b
A) The slope of the normal line [MP] is; m MP = 1 . x + y < r are shown in analytic plane;
2 2 2
x1 − a
The slope of the normal line and a point are given and the
equation of the normal line is; y − y1 = mMP ⋅ (x − x1 ) , then
y1 − b
y − y1 = ⋅ ( x − x1 )
x1 − a

Shortly; ( y − y1 ) ⋅ ( x1 − a) = ( y1 − b) ⋅ ( x − x1 ) or
( y − y1 ) ⋅ ( x1 − a) − ( y1 − b) ⋅ ( x − x1 ) = 0

168
 Circle in analytic plane

2- The set of points ( x, y ) which satisfies the inequality B) y = b ± r 2 − (x − a) 2

x 2 + y 2 > r 2 are shown in analytic plane;

2- The set of points ( x, y ) which satisfies the inequality

x + y ≤ r are shown in analytic plane;
2 2 2
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©

EQUATION OF SEMICIRCLES

The values of x and y from the open equation of the circle

( x − a ) 2 + ( y − b) 2 = r 2 give the equations of
semicircles.

A) x = a ± r 2 − (y − b) 2

169
CIRCLE IN ANALYTIC PLANE TEST 1

1. Which of the following is the equation of the circle 5. The circle x 2 + y 2 + 5 x − 6 = 0 intersects the x-axis
centered at M (−1,2) with radius 4 cm?
at the points A and B, then find AB .
A) ( x + 1) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 4
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7
B) ( x − 1) 2 + ( y + 2) 2 = 16
C) ( x + 1) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 16
D) ( x − 2) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 = 16
E) ( x + 1) 2 − ( y − 2) 2 = 16

6. The point A(a, b) is on the circle

x 2 + y 2 − 8 y + 7 = 0 . The y-coordinate of the point A is

2. What is the radius of the following circle
the maximum value for the circle, then find a+b.
x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 4 y + 1 = 0

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 A) -8 B) 0 C) 1 D) 7 E) 8
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©

3. Which of the following is the equation of the circle

centered at M (3, 4) and passes through the origin?
7. If the circle x 2 + y 2 − 3 x + ay + 9 = 0 is tangent to
the y-axis then find the value of a.
A) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y + 4) 2 = 25
B) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 = 5
C) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 = 25 A) ±2 B) ±4 C) ±6 D) ±7 E) ±8

D) ( x − 4) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 = 25
E) ( x − 1) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 25

8. The tangent line which is drawn from the point

A(2, − 1) on the circle x 2 + y 2 = 5 intersects the x-axis
4. If (nx − 1) 2 + ( my − 2) 2 = 4 satisfies an equation of
a circle, then which of the following cannot be m⋅n at point a. Find the value of a.

5
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 A) -1 B) -2 C) 1 D) E) 4
2

170
Circle In Analytic Plane Test 1

9. If the angle θ is a parameter for the following equations 13. What is the equation of the circle which passes
x = −2 + sin θ and y = 3 + cos θ , then find the equation through the points O (0, 0) , A(0, 8) and B (6, 0) ?
of the circle
A) ( x − 4) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 5
A) ( x + 2) + ( y + 3) = 1
2 2
B) x 2 + y 2 = 25
B) ( x − 2) + ( y − 3) = 1
2 2
C) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 = 25
C) ( x − 2) + ( y + 3) = 1
2 2
D) ( x − 6) 2 + ( y − 8) 2 = 25
D) ( x − 2) + ( y − 3) = 9
2 2
E) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y + 4) 2 = 25
E) ( x + 2) + ( y − 3) = 1
2 2

10. What is the geometric place of the points which have a 14. If the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + y − k + 3 = 0 is tangent
distance 2 cm to a constant point P (3, − 1) ? to y = 1 , then what is k?

A) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 = 4 A) -1 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 8

B) ( x − 3) + ( y + 1) = 4
2 2
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C) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 = 4
D) ( x − 2) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 = 4
©

E) x 2 + y 2 = 10
15. The points A(−2, 1) and B (2, 5) are given. Which
one of the followings is the equation of the circle, with
diameter [ AB] ?

A) x 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 2 2 B) ( x − 3) 2 + y 2 = 8
11. What is the geometric place of the points placed C) x 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 8 D) ( x + 3)
2
+ y2 = 2 2
between 3 cm and 9 cm long to the origin?
E) x2 + y2 = 8
A) x2 + y2 = 9 B) 3 < x2 + y2 < 9
C) 3< x + y <9 D) 9 < x 2 + y 2 < 81
E) 9 < x 2 − y 2 < 81

16. Which one of the followings is the center C and the

radius r of the circle 4 x 2 + 4 y 2 − 8 x + 24 y = 81 ?

A) C( 4,-12 ) , r = 9 B) C( 1,-3 ) , r = 9
11
12. What is the radius of the given circle C) C( 1,-3 ) ; r = D) C( 1,-3 ) , r = 11
2
x + y − 4 x − 8 y + 11 = 0 ?
2 2
9
E) C( 1,-3 ) , r =
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 2

171
CIRCLE IN ANALYTIC PLANE TEST 2

1. If the circle given by the equation 5. What is the coordinates of the center of the following
x + y − 6x + 8 y + k = 0 is tangent to x-axis, then what
2 2
circle x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 2 2 y + 2 = 0 ?
is the value of k?
A) (1, 2 ) B) ( 2 , 1) C) (−1, − 2 )
A) 6 B) 8 C) 9 D) 12 E) 16
D) (1, 2) E) (−1, − 2)

2. Which one of the followings is the equation of the line

that is tangent to the circle x 2 + y 2 − 8 x + 2 y − 8 = 0 at 6. What is the equation of the circle which is tangent to
the point A(1, 3) ? the x-axis, if the circle is centered at M (a, a − 1) with
radius 2?
A) 3 x + 4 y − 15 = 0 B) 4 x + 3 y − 13 = 0
C) 3 x − 4 y + 9 = 0 D) 3 x − 5 y + 12 = 0 A) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 2
E) 4 x + 5 y − 10 = 0 B) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 4
C) x 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 4
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D) ( x − 2) 2 + y 2 = 4
E) x2 + y2 = 4
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3. Inside the circle x 2 + y 2 = 625 , the chords with

length 48-cm are drawn. Which one of the followings is
the geometric place of the midpoints of the chords?
7. What is the intersection point of the line x + y = 1 and

A) x 2 + y 2 = 25 B) x 2 + y 2 = 169 the circle x2 + y 2 =1?

C) x 2 + y 2 = 576 D) x 2 + y 2 = 49
A) (1,1) B) (1, − 1) C) (1, 0)
E) x + y = 144
2 2
D) (−1, 0) E) (0, − 1)

4. Which one of the followings is the radius of the circle

8. What is the measurement of the angle between x-axis
that passes through the points A(0, 1) and B (1, − 3) ,
whose center is on the line y = x−3? and the tangent line to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 4 at point
P ( 3 , − 1) ?
34 7
A) 17 B) C) 2 D) 3 E) A) 30 B) 60 C) 120 D) 135 E) 150
2 2

172
Circle In Analytic Plane Test 2

9. What is the equation of the tangent line at point (3, 2) to 13. What is the equation of a circle centered at M (3, 4)

the circle ( x − 2) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 2 and tangent to the line 3x + 4 y = −5 .

A) x + y =1 B) y − x = −2 C) x − y =1 A) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 = 36
D) x= y E) x + y=2 B) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y + 4) 2 = 36
C) ( x − 4) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 36
D) x 2 + y 2 = 36
E) x 2 + y 2 + 3x + 4 y = 5

10. What is the equation of a circle centered on the line

y − x = 0 with a radius 3?

A) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 3
14. If the circles x 2 + y 2 = 9 and
B) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 3
( x − 3) 2 + ( y − a ) 2 = 4 are tangent to each other, then
C) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 9
find the value of a. ( a > 0 )
D) ( x − 3) 2 + y 2 = 9
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 8
E) x 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 9
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©

15. If the point (3, 3 ) is on the circle

11. What is the equation of a line which passes through
x 2 + y 2 − 4a = 0 , then find the radius of the circle.
the intersection points of the following circles x + y =6
2 2

and ( x − 2) + ( y − 3) = 4 ?
2 2
A) 2 B) 3 C) 2 2 D) 2 3 E) 6

A) x + y = 15 B) 2 x + 3 y = 15 C) 4 x + 6 y = 15
D) 4x − 6 y = 1 E) 2 x − 3 y =6

16. If a circle is tangent to the lines y = 2 and y = −4 ,

and centered on the line x + y = −1 , then find the
equation of the circle.

12. Find the area of the circle centered at the origin and A) x 2 + y 2 = 36 B) ( x − 2) 2 + y 2 = 6
tangent to the line 3x − 4 y = 10 .
C) ( x + 1) 2 + y 2 = 6 D) ( x − 1) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 9
A) 2π B) 4π C) 5π D) 10π E) 25π E) x 2 + ( y + 1) 2 = 9

173
CIRCLE IN ANALYTIC PLANE TEST 3

1. In the given figure, line d 1 is 5. The y-axis and the line

1
tangent to the circle at point T. If d1 ; y = x are tangent to
x-intercept and y-intercept of the line 3
d1 are − 4 and 3 respectively the circle at points A(0, 2)
then find the radius of the circle and B respectively. If the circle
centered at the origin. is centered at M, then find the
area of the circle.

3 4 12 5 2 4 5
A) 1 B)
4
C)
5
D)
5
E)
12 A) π B) π C) 4π D) π E) π
3 3 2

2. In the given figure, the circle 6. In the given figure, the

centered at M is tangent to the x circle is tangent to the lines
and y-axes at the points A and y = 1 and y = −5 . What is
the coordinates of center
B(4,0) respectively. Find the
of the circle?
shaded area in the given figure.
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A) (−1, 2) B) (1, − 2) C) ( 2, 1)
A) 16π B) 16 − π C) 16 − 8π
D) (3, 1) E) (1, 2)
D) 16 − 4π E) 8 − 4π
©

7. In the given figure, the

3. If x-intercept and y-intercept of circle centered at the origin
the given circle are 4 and 3 has a tangent point P (1, a ) .
respectively. If the circle passes If the radius of the circle is 2
through the origin then find the then find the value of a.
radius of the circle centered at M.
A) 3 B) 2 C) 8 D) 4 E) 11
12 5 3 2 5
A) B) C) D) E)
5 2 4 5 12

8. In the given figure, the line

4. The x-axis and the line [ BC ] is tangent to the circle at
d1 ; y = 3 x are tangent to the point A(2, 4) . If the circle
centered at M (0, a ) is
circle at points A( 3 , 0) and B
tangent to the origin then
respectively. If the circle is
find the value of a.
centered at M, then find the
radius of the circle.
11 11 11 11 5
A) B) C) D) E)
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 2 3 5 7 2

174
Circle In Analytic Plane Test 3

9. In the given figure, the line 13. In the given figure, the
intersects the x and the y-axes at circle intersect the y-axes at
points 3 and -4 respectively. The point 3, and the x-axes at
circle is tangent to the x and y- points -2 and 4 then find
axes and the given line, then find the center of the circle
the radius of the circle. centered at M.

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 1 1
A) (1, 2) B) (1, 3) C) (1, ) D) ( , 1) E) (2, 3)
6 6

10. In the given figure, the 14. In the given figure, if the
circle intersect the y-axes at equation of the circle is
points A(0,1) and B (0, 4) . If
( x − 1) 2 + y 2 = 9 , then
the circle is tangent to the x-axis
find the area of the shaded part.
then find the radius of the circle

2 5 3 2 A) 12 2 B) 10 2 C) 8 2 D) 6 2 E) 4 2
A) B) C) D) E) 1
3 2 2 5
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11. In the given figure, the line 15. In the given figure, the
which passes through the center
circle intersect the y-axes at
©

of the circle cuts x and y-axes at

points a and 6, and the x-axes
points -1 and -2 respectively. If
at points -2 and 8. Find the
the x-coordinate of the center
value of a .
of the circle M is -3 then find
the equation of the circle.
3 8 8 5 3
A) B) C) − D) − E) −
A) ( x + 3) + ( y + 4) = 9
2 2 5 3 3 3 8
B) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 = 9
C) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 = 16
D) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y + 4) 2 = 9
16. In the given figure, the line
E) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 = 4 which passes through the center
of the circle cuts x and y-axes at
points -1 and -3 respectively. If
the circle is tangent to the lines
12. In the given figure, the circle x = −2 and x = −8 then find
is centered at point M (3, 4) , the equation of the given circle.
then find the equation of the
line passes through the A) ( x + 5) 2 + ( y − 12) 2 = 9
center of the circle. B) ( x + 5) 2 + ( y − 12) 2 = 3

A) 3 x + 4 y = 12 3x + 4 y = 24
B)
C) ( x − 5) 2 + ( y + 12) 2 = 9
C) 4 x + 3 y = 24 D) 3 x + 4 y = 48 D) ( x − 5) 2 + ( y − 12) 2 = 9
E) 3 x − 4 y = 12 E) x 2 + ( y − 12) 2 = 3

175
Circle In Analytic Plane Test 3

17. If the circles ( x + 7) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 = 36 and

( x − 1) 2 + ( y + 5) 2 = r 2 are tangent to each other then
find r .

A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 6 E) 9

18. If the line y = 3 x − a is tangent to the circle

x 2 + y 2 = 10 , then find the sum of the values of a.

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) -2 E) 10
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19. If the line y − x = 0 is tangent to the circle

x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + a = 0 , then find the of the values of a.

1
A) B) 1 C) -1 D) 0 E) 2
2

20. What is the length of the shortest chord drawn from the
point P (3, 3) inside the circle ( x − 1) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 25 ?

A) 5 B) 2 5 C) 3 5 D) 4 5 E) 5

176
 Vectors
• Vectors in Plane
• Vectors in Space
 Vectors in plane

VECTORS IN PLANE

The line segment whose initial point is the origin O and the C-SCALAR PRODUCT
terminal point P is called position vector of point P. So
every vector directed from the origin to any point in analytic If two vectors A = ( x1 , y1 ) and B = ( x 2 , y 2 ) are given,
plane is a position vector. If the point P( x1 , y1 ) in analytic
then < A, B >= A ⋅ B = x1 x 2 + y1 y 2 is called scalar
plane, then there is a position vector OP whose initial product or inner product.
point is the origin and the terminal point is P ( x1 , y1 ) . For

this vector OP = ( x1 , y1 ) , PROPERTIES OF SCALAR PRODUCT

x1 is the x-coordinate of the vector, If two vectors A = ( x1 , y1 ) , B = ( x 2 , y 2 ) and m, n ∈ R

y1 is the y-coordinate of the vector. are given, then;
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2
A⋅ A = A = x1 + y1
2 2
The position vector AB of the points A( x1 , y1 ) and 1-
B ( x 2 , y 2 ) is
©

AB = B − A = ( x, y ) = ( x 2 − x1 , y 2 − y1 ) 2- A⋅ B = B ⋅ A

or can be shown in other way;

3- A ⋅ (B + C) = A ⋅ B + A ⋅ C
⎛ x ⎞ ⎛ x 2 − x1 ⎞
AB = B − A = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ y ⎠ ⎝ y 2 − y1 ⎠
4- A ⋅ ( B ⋅ C ) ≠ ( A ⋅ B) ⋅ C

OPERATIONS ON VECTORS
5- (m ⋅ A) ⋅ (n ⋅ B) = (m ⋅ n)( A ⋅ B )
A- ADDITION

If two vectors A = ( x1 , y1 ) and B = ( x 2 , y 2 ) are given, 6- (m ⋅ A) ⋅ B = m ⋅ ( A ⋅ B ) = A ⋅ (m ⋅ B)

A + B = ( x1 + x 2 , y1 + y 2 ) NOTES:

A − B = ( x1 − x 2 , y1 − y 2 ) 1- If the vector A = ( x1 , y1 ) is given, then the norm

(length) of the vector A is;
B- MULTIPLICATION BY A SCALAR
A = x1 + y1
2 2

If a vector A = ( x1 , y1 ) and a scalar k are given, then the

product of a vector by a scalar is,
k ⋅ A = ( k ⋅ x1 , k ⋅ y1 )

179
 VECTORS IN PLANE

2- If the points A( x1 , y1 ) and B ( x 2 , y 2 ) are given, then The norm of the projection of the vector a on the vector
the norm (length) of the vector AB is; b is A and;

AB = ( x 2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2
a ⋅b
A = OA =
b
3- If the points A( x1 , y1 ) and B ( x 2 , y 2 ) are given, then
the distance between points A and B is;

d = AB = ( x 2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2

LINEAR DEPENDENCE AND INDEPENDENCE OF

VECTORS
4- The angle θ between vectors A and B is;
The following vectors are given; A = ( x1 , y1 ) and
if A ⋅ B = A ⋅ B ⋅ cos θ , then;
B = ( x 2 , y 2 ) then;

A⋅ B
cos θ = 1- If two vectors are linearly dependent then
A ⋅ B
KATEV

x1 y1
=0
x2 y 2
5- If A ⊥ B then A ⋅ B = 0 as;
©

A ⋅ B = x1 x 2 + y1 y 2 = 0 2- If two vectors are linearly independent then

x1 y1
≠0
x1 y1 x2 y 2
6- If A // B then = =k
x2 y 2

PROJECTION OF A VECTOR

The angle between the vectors

a and b is α and then the
projection of the vector a on
the vector b is the vector A .

a ⋅b
A = OA = 2
⋅b
b

180
VECTORS IN PLANE TEST 1

1. Which one of the following is the sum of the vectors 6. The vectors u = (5, − 17) and u + v = 0 are given
u = (1, − 2) and v = (3, 5) ? G
then which one of the following are the coordinates of v?

A) (4, 3) B) (8, 3) C) (1, 4)

A) ( −5, 17) B) ( −17, − 5) C) (5, − 17)
D) (2, 3) E) (3, 3)
D) ( −17, 0) E) ( −17, 5)

2. Which one of the following is true for ( x, y ) if

7. The points A(3, − 7) , B (8, − 3) and C ( 2, 1) are
u = (2 x, − 3) , v = (6, y + 1) and u = v ? given, then which of the following is the coordinates of
AB + BC ?
A) (6, − 4) B) (3,−4) C) (3, 2)
D) (3, − 3) E) (6, − 2) A) ( −6, 4) B) ( −1, 8) C) ( −6, − 4)
D) (5, 4) E) ( −5, − 4)

3. Which one of the following is 2u − 3v , if u = (1, 0) and

KATEV

v = (2, 1) ? 8. If A = ( x, x − 1) , B = (0, x + 1) and A + B = 45

then what is the possible value of x?
©

A) (−1, 4) B) (−1, − 1) C) (1, 1)

A) 1 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) -3
D) (4, − 3) E) (−4, − 3)

9. If A = 2e1 + 3e 2 and B = −e1 + 5e 2 then find

4. A( −2, 1) , B ( 4, 3) , C (5, − 4) and D( x, y ) are the
vertices of the parallelogram ABCD, then which of the A + B
following is the point D ( x, y ) ?
A+ B

A) ( −6, 4) B) ( −6, − 6) C) ( −1, − 6)

1 2 1+ 3 1+ 2
D) (5, 4) E) (11, − 2) A) B) C) D) E) 1
5 5 5 5

5. The points A(8, − 3) , B ( −17, 6) and C ( −30, − 1) are 10. In the given figure,
ABCD is a rectangle and
given. Find the coordinates of D, if AB = −CD .
find AD + DC + BA

A) (−5, − 10) B) (−6, − 1) C) (−10, 5)

D) (10, 5) E) (−55, 8) A) AB B) DA C) BC D) CB E) DC

181
Vectors In Plane Test 1

11. In the given triangle ABC,

16. If A(2, 3) and B (−1, − 1) are given then find AB .
AB = 6 cm and HC = 5 cm.
If[AB] ⊥ [AC ] and
[AH ] ⊥ [BC ] then find A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

CH − AH .

A) 11 B) 9 C) 3 5 D) 5 E) 2 5

17. The vectors A = (−6, 0) , B = (−1, 1) and

C = (2, − 8) are given. if A = n B + C then find the
12. The vectors x = 2e1 + 2e 2 and y = e1 − e 2 are
value of n.
given then which of the following is true?

A) -8 B) -6 C) -4 D) -2 E) 8
A) x // y B) x⊥ y C) x+ y=0
D) x− y=0 E) x + y = e1 + e 2

18. The vectors A = (3, 5) and B = (n, − 15) are given.

KATEV

13. The vectors K = (−2, − 3) and L = (1, 2) are given.

if a K + b L = KL then find the value of b. If A // B then find the value of n.
©

A) 9 B) -9 C) 3 D) -3 E) 0
A) -1 B) 0 C) 1 D) 2 E) 3

14. The vectors A = (2k + 1) e1 + 3k e 2 and

B = 3 e1 + k e 2 are given. If A // B then find the value
19. The vectors A = (1, 5) and B = (−2, k ) are given. If
of k.
A ⊥ B then find the value of k.
A) 6 B) 7 C) 4 D) -5 E) -6
5 5 2 2 3
A) B) − C) D) − E)
2 2 5 5 5

⎡ 2⎤ ⎡− 1⎤
15. The vectors A = ⎢ ⎥ and B = ⎢ ⎥ are given. If
⎣3 ⎦ ⎣2 ⎦
⎡10⎤
2 x A + y B = ⎢ ⎥ then find ( x, y ) .
⎣ 1⎦ 20. The vectors A = −2 e1 − 5 e 2 and B = 4 e1 + 3 e 2

1 3 1 are given and then find AB .

A) ( , 4) B) ( , − 4) C) (0, )
2 2 2
D) (−1,1) E) (3, 4) A) 6 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 15

182
VECTORS IN PLANE TEST 2

1. If A = (1, − 2) , B = (0, − 1) and x A + y B = AB then 6. If A = sin θ e1 + cos θ e 2 and B = cos θ e1 + sin θ e 2

find x+ y.
then find A ⋅ B . (Scalar product)

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 A) cos θ B) sin θ C) cos 2θ

D) sin 2θ E) tan 2θ

2. If A = ( x, y − 1) , B = (2 x, y − 1) and AB = 2 then 7. Find the length of the projection vector of A = (5,12)

find x. on the line y− x=0.

A) -1 B) 0 C) 1 D) 2 E) 3
17 13 17 26 5
A) B) C) D) E)
2 2 13 2 2 13

3. If A = (3m, 2m + 1) , B = (m, m − 1) and A + B = 5

8. If the angle between the vectors A = (cos θ , sin θ ) and
KATEV

then find m.
π
B = (cos θ , − sin θ ) is then find θ.
3
±1 ±2 ±3 ±4
©

A) 0 B) C) D) E)
π π π π
A) π B) C) D) E)
2 3 4 6

4. If a = (sin θ , cos θ ) , a + b = 3 and a − b = 1 then

find b . 9. The vectors A = (1 − a, 2) and B = (1,1 − a) are

given. If A ⊥ B then find a.
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
A) 4 B) 3 C) 2 D) 1 E) 0

5. The sides of the given

prisms are AB = 4 cm, 10. For the given cube, calculate
BF = 3 cm and GF = 12 BE ⋅ BG .
then calculate AF ⋅ AG .

A) 5 B) 13 C) 25 D) -25 E) 65 A) 1 B) 2 C) 2 D) 3 E) 6

183
Vectors In Plane Test 2

11. Find the parallel unit vector of the vector A = (−3, 4) 16. In the given figure, ABCD
is a rectangle, AB = 6 cm,
3 4 3 4 BC = 4 cm and EC = 3 cm
A) (sin θ , cos θ ) B) ( , ) C) (− , )
5 5 5 5
then calculate EA ⋅ EB .
1 −1
D) (− , ) E) (1,1)
2 2
A) -7 B) 7 C) -9 D) +9 E) -13

12. A(1, 2) and B (m, − 2) are the terminal points of the 17. If A = (−3, 4) and B = (a, 5) are linearly
dependent, then find the value of a.
vector AB and if AB = 5 then find the value of m.
5 15 15 4 15
A) B) C) − D) E)
A) (−4, − 2) B) (−4, 2) C) (4, − 2) 3 13 4 15 4
D) (4, 2) E) (4, 3)

18. In the given figure,

13. In the given regular cone, the AB = 3 cm, BC = 4 cm
KATEV

center of the base is O and

and m(∠ABC ) = 90 o .
m(∠BOA) = 60 . If TO = 3 cm
o
If [ BN ] is angle bisector
and OD = 4 cm then calculate of angle B, then
©

TB ⋅ TA . calculate BA ⋅ AN .

25 25 25 3
A) 17 B) C) D) E) 0 81 81 48 48 27
2 2 2 A) − B) C) D) E) −
25 25 5 7 7

14. If A = (1, 3, 3) , B = (0, x, 0) and C = (1, 2,1) are 19. Calculate the following (a + b + c) c if a // b and
linearly dependent, then find the value of x.
b⊥c.

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4 2
A) a B) 1 C) c D) c E) 0

15. In the given figure, ABCD is a

square; E and F are midpoints of
the given sides. If AD = 3 cm, 20. The vectors A = (1, 1) , B = ( a, 3) and C = ( 2, b)

then calculate DP ⋅ DQ . are given. If AC // B and B ⊥ A , then find the value of

b.

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 A) -1 B) -2 C) -3 D) 0 E) 1

184
 VECTORS IN SPACE

VECTORS IN SPACE

If a vector A = ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) and a scalar k are given, then

The line segment whose initial point is the origin O and the
terminal point P is called position vector of point P. So the product of a vector by a scalar is,
every vector directed from the origin to any point in analytic k ⋅ A = (k ⋅ x1 , k ⋅ y1 , k ⋅ z1 )
space is a position vector. If the point P ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) in
analytic space, then there is a position vector OP whose
initial point is the origin and the terminal point is C- SCALAR PRODUCT
P ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) . For this vector OP = ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) ,

If two vectors A = ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) and B = ( x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) are

x1 is the x-coordinate of the vector,
y1 is the y-coordinate of the vector. given, then < A, B >= A ⋅ B = x1 x 2 + y1 y 2 + z1 z 2 is
KATEV

called scalar product or inner product.

z1 is the z-coordinate of the vector,
©

The position vector AB of the points A( x1 , y1 , z1 ) and

B ( x 2 , y 2 , z1 ) is PROPERTIES OF SCALAR PRODUCT

AB = B − A = ( x, y, z ) = ( x 2 − x1 , y 2 − y1 , z 2 − z1 ) If two vectors A = ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) , B = ( x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) and

m, n ∈ R are given, then;
or can be shown in other way
2
⎛ x ⎞ ⎛ x 2 − x1 ⎞ 1- A⋅ A = A = x1 + y1 + z1
2 2 2
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
AB = B − A = ⎜ y ⎟ = ⎜ y 2 − y1 ⎟
⎜z ⎟ ⎜z − z ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ 2 1 ⎠
2- A⋅ B = B ⋅ A

OPERATIONS ON VECTORS 3- A ⋅ (B + C ) = A ⋅ B + A ⋅ C

A- ADDITION
4- A ⋅ ( B ⋅ C ) ≠ ( A ⋅ B) ⋅ C
If two vectors A = ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) and B = ( x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) are
given,
5- ( m ⋅ A) ⋅ ( n ⋅ B ) = ( m ⋅ n)( A ⋅ B )
A + B = ( x1 + x 2 , y1 + y 2 , z1 + z 2 )

6- ( m ⋅ A) ⋅ B = m ⋅ ( A ⋅ B ) = A ⋅ ( m ⋅ B )
A − B = ( x1 − x 2 , y1 − y 2 , z1 − z 2 )

B- MULTIPLICATION BY A SCALAR

185
 VECTORS IN SPACE

NOTES: 7- The volume of the prism which

is formed by using vectors A, B

1- If the vector A = ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) is given, then the norm and C ; A = ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) ,
(length) of the vector A is; B = ( x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) and
C = ( x3 , y 3 , z 3 ) is the
A = x1 + y1 + z1
2 2 2
absolute value of the given
determinant.

x1 y1 z1
2- If the points A( x1 , y1 , z1 ) and B ( x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) are V = x2 y 2 z 2
given, then the norm (length) of the vector AB is; x3 y 3 z 3

AB = ( x 2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2 + ( z 2 − z1 ) 2
LINEAR DEPENDENCE AND INDEPENDENCE OF
VECTORS

A = ( x1 , y1 , z1 ) ,
KATEV

The following vectors are given;

3- If the points A( x1 , y1 , z1 ) and B ( x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) are
given, then the distance between points A and B is; B = ( x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) and C = ( x 3 , y 3 , z 3 ) then;
©

x1 y1 z1
d = AB = ( x 2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2 + ( z 2 − z1 ) 2
1- If x 2 y 2 z 2 = 0 then given three vectors are
x3 y 3 z 3

linearly dependent.
4- The angle θ between vectors A and B is; x1 y1 z1
2- If x 2 y 2 z 2 ≠ 0 , then given three vectors are
A⋅ B
cos θ = , if A ⋅ B = A ⋅ B ⋅ cos θ . x3 y 3 z 3
A ⋅ B linearly independent .

LINES AND PLANES IN SPACE

5- If A ⊥ B then A ⋅ B = 0 as;
A) EQUATION OF A LINE IN R3

A ⋅ B = x1 x 2 + y1 y 2 + z1 z 2 = 0 In the space, the equation of the

line which is parallel (coincide) to
the vector V = ( a, b, c) and
passes through the point
x1 y1 z1 A( x1 , y1 , z1 ) is;
6- If A // B then = = =k
x2 y 2 z 2 x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
= =
a b c

186
 VECTORS IN SPACE

4- If one of the parameters of direct vectors is zero, for

V = (a, b, c) is called direct vector of the line and
example; if a = 0 , the direct vector is perpendicular to the
numbers a, b and c are called the parameters of direct
vectors. x-axis then, the line is parallel to the plane y O z and its
equation is;

y − y1 z − z1
x − x1 = 0, =
NOTE: In the given figure above, the vector V = ( a , b, c ) b c
and the vector AP = ( x − x1 , y − y1 , z − z1 ) are parallel
to each other. So; 5- If two of the parameters of direct vector are zero, for
example; if a = b = 0 , the direct vector is perpendicular to
the plane x O y then, the line is parallel to the z-axis and
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
AP // V ⇒ = = =k its equation is;
a b c
z − z1
x − x1 = 0, y − y1 = 0,
c
1- The following equations are called parametric equations
of the line.
x = x1 + ak ⎫
⎪ B) EQUATION OF A PLANE IN R3
y = y1 + bk ⎬ Parametric equations of the line.
z = z1 + ck ⎪⎭
KATEV

In the space, the equation

of the plane which is
perpendicular to the
©

vector V = ( A, B, C )
2- The equation of the line which passes through the points
A( x1 , y1 , z1 ) and B( x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) is; and passes through
the point M ( x0 , y 0 , z 0 )
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 is;
= =
x 2 − x1 y 2 − y1 z 2 − z1

Ax + By + Cz + D = 0
V = ( A, B, C ) is called direct vector of the line and
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 numbers A, B and C are called the parameters of direct
3- d 1 : = =
a1 b1 c1 vector.
x − x2 y − y 2 z − z 2
d2 : = =
a2 b2 c2
NOTE: In the given figure above, the vector V = ( A, B, C )

For the given two lines above, and the vector MK = ( x − x 0 , y − y 0 , z − z 0 ) are
perpendicular to each other. So;
a1 b1 c1
a) If d1 // d 2 ⇔ = =
a 2 b2 c 2
MK ⊥ V ⇒ A( x − x 0 ) + ( y − y 0 ) + C ( z − z 0 ) = 0
b) If d1 ⊥ d 2 ⇔ a1 a 2 + b1b2 + c1c 2 = 0
or MK ⊥ V ⇒ Ax + By + Cz + D = 0

187
 VECTORS IN SPACE

NOTES:

1- The equation of the plane which passes through the

origin (0, 0, 0) is Ax + By + Cz = 0

2- P1 : A1 x + B1 y + C1 z + D1 = 0
P2 : A2 x + B2 y + C 2 z + D2 = 0

For the given two planes above,

A1 B1 C1
a) If P1 // P2 ⇔ = =
A2 B2 C 2

b) If P1 ⊥ P2 ⇔ A1 A2 + B1 B2 + C1C 2 = 0
KATEV

A1 B1 C1 D1
c) If P1 = P2 ⇔ = = =
A2 B2 C 2 D2
©

(If the planes P1 and P2 are coincide)

3- The distance from a point M ( x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to the plane

Ax + By + Cz + D = 0

Ax 0 + By 0 + Cz 0 + D
d=
A2 + B 2 + C 2

188
VECTORS IN SPACE TEST 1

1. Find the distance between the points A(3, − 2, − 5) 6. A sphere centered at ( 4, 6, 8) is tangent to the x-axis
and B(1, 2, − 1) . then find the radius of the sphere.

A) 5 2 B) 4 C) 3 5 D) 6 E) 5 3 A) 2 13 B) 4 5 C) 4 D) 8 E) 10

7. A sphere centered at ( −3, 4, − 5) is tangent to the

AB
2. if A(3, − 2, − 5) and B(1, 2, − 1) then find . plane xy then find the equation of the sphere.
BA
A) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 + ( z + 5) 2 = 9
A) 2 B) 13 C) 34 D) ( −2, − 3, 0) E) 1
B) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 + ( z + 5) 2 = 16
C) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 + ( z + 5) 2 = 25
D) ( x − 3) 2 + ( y − 4) 2 + ( z + 5) 2 = 25
E) ( x + 3) 2 + ( y + 4) 2 + ( z + 5) 2 = 16
3. Find the coordinates of center of gravity of a triangle
ABC if the vertices are A(2, − 2, 3) , B (7, 4, 5) and
KATEV

C (6, − 2, 1) .
8. Find 3a − 2b if a = (−1, 2, 4) and b = (3, 2, 1) .
A) (5, 3, 2) B) (5, 0, 1) C) (3, 0, 3)
©

D) (5, 0, 3) E) (3, 0, 2)
A) (9, − 2,10) (9, 2, − 10)
B) C) ( 2, − 9, 10)
D) (−9, 2, 10) E) (9, 2, 10)

4. Find the equation of the sphere centered at point

(2, 3, − 2) with radius 3 cm.

9. If A = (1, m, − 1) and A = 2 5 then find the value of

A) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 4x − 6 y − 4z + 8 = 0
B) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 4x − 6 y + 4z + 8 = 0 m∈Z −
C) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 4x + 6 y − 4z + 8 = 0
D) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 6x + 4 y + 4z + 8 = 0 A) -2 B) -4 C) −2 2 D) −3 2 E) − 2 3
E) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 4x − 4 y + 6z − 8 = 0

5. Find the distance from the origin to the center of the

sphere if its equation is
10. If A = 6 e1 + 2 e 2 − 5 e3 and B = 3 e1 − 2 e 2 + 7 e3
x + y + z + 2x − 6 y + 6z + 1 = 0
2 2 2
are given, then find AB .

A) 19 B) 5 C) 20 D) 6 2 E) 3
A) 6 B) 12 C) 13 D) 15 E) 18

189
Vectors In Space Test 1

11. Find the angle between the vectors U = (0, − 3, 3 ) 16. Which of the following is not the equation of the line
which passes through the origin and the point (2, − 4, 6) .
and V = (0, 1, 0) .
x−2 y+4 z−6
A) 45 B) 60 C) 120 D) 135 E) 150 A) = = B) 6 x = −3 y = 2 z
−2 4 6
x−2 y+4 z−6 x y z
C) = = D) = =
2 −4 6 2 −4 6
E) 6 x − 12 = −3 y − 12 = 2 z − 12

12. The vectors A = (3, − 2, k ) and B = (−6, k , m) are

given. If A // B then find k + m .
A) -4 B) 4 C) 8 D) 12 E) 16
17. If the vectors a = (3, 2, − 1) and b = (2, k , 6) are
given. If a ⊥ b then find k.

A) 2 B) 1 C) 0 D) -1 E) -2
13. The vectors A = ( x, 2, − 1) and B = ( y, x − 2, 4)
are given. If A // B then find ( x, y ) .

A) (−8, 32) B) (8, − 32) C) (−8, − 32)

D) (6, − 32) E) (−6, 24) 18. Find the radius and the center of the sphere whose
equation is x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 4 x + 6 y − 8 z − 20 = 0 .
KATEV

A) M (4, − 6, 8), r = 2 B) M (2, − 3, 4), r = 2 5

C) M (−2, 3, 4), r = 9 D) M (−2, − 3, 4), r = 3
©

E) M ( 2, − 3, 4), r = 7
14. If the vectors A = ( x, 0, x) , B = (2, − 1, 3) and
C = (1, − 2, 2 x) are linearly dependent, then find the
value of x.

3 2
A) -1 B) 2 C) D) E) -2 19. Find the shortest distance from the surface of the
2 5 sphere to the origin if its equation is
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 6 x + 8 y + 20 z + 80 = 0

A) 2 5 B) 3 5 C) 4 5 D) 5 5 E) 6 5
15. What is the equation of the line which passes through
the points A( 2, 3, − 2) and B ( −2, 1, 4)

x −1 y + 2 z − 4
A) = = 20. If a sphere is tangent to the point (4, 0, 3) on the xz-
3 4 −6
plane and also tangent to the Oy-axis then find the
x + 2 y −1 z − 4
B) = = equation of the sphere.
2 1 −3
x − 4 y −1 z + 2 x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 4 x − 3 y + 12 = 0
C) = = A)
6 3 4
B) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 8 x + 6 z + 13 = 0
x + 2 y − 4 z −1
D) = = C) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 8 x − 6 z + 25 = 0
4 2 −6
x −1 y − 4 z + 2 D) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 8 x + 10 y + 6 z + 25 = 0
E) = =
2 3 6 E) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 8 x + 10 y − 6 z + 25 = 0

190
VECTORS IN SPACE TEST 2

1. Find the distance between the points A(1, − 2, 3) and 6. If the sphere x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4 is externally tangent to
B (4, 2, − 9) . the sphere whose center is (4, 2, a) and radius 3, then
find the value of a.
A) 10 B) 12 C) 13 D) 15 E) 20

A) 2 B) 5 C) 3 D) 2 5 E) 5

2. The point C divides the line segment [ AB] in the ratio

CA 1
of = , if A( −3, − 1, 4) and B (1, 3, − 4) then find 7. If a = −2 e1 + e 2 − 3 e3 , b = 2 e1 + e3 and
CB 3
the coordinates of point C.
c = a + 2 b are given, then find vector c .

A) (1, − 2, 3) B) (−2, 1, 2) C) (−2, 0, 2) A) (6,3, − 3) B) ( 2,3, − 3) C) ( 2,1, − 1)

D) ( 4, − 1, 2) E) (−1, 1, 0) D) (6,1, − 2) E) ( −2,3, − 2)

3. Find the radius and the center of the sphere whose 8. In the space, if K (2, − 1, 3) and L(4, 3, − 1) are define
x + y + z − 2 x − 4 y − 8 z − 43 = 0 .
2 2 2
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equation is a vector KL then find the coordinates of the vector KL .

A) M (1, − 2, 4), r = 7 B) M (1, 2, 4), r = 7

A) (6,2, 2) (−2, − 4, 2)
B) C) ( 2, 4, − 4)
M (1, 2, 4), r = 8 D) M ( −1, − 2, − 4), r = 8
©

C)
D) ( 2, − 3, − 1) E) ( 4, − 2, 6)
E) M ( 2, 4, 8), r = 9

9. What is the norm of 2 A − B , if the vectors

4. Find the radius of the sphere whose equation is A = (2, − 1, 3) and B = (1, 2, − 6) .
x + y + z − 8 y + 4z − 8 = 0 .
2 2 2

A) 19 B) 2 5 C) 13 D) 12 E) 15
A) 3 B) 5 C) 2 3 D) 2 7 E) 6

10. Which of the following of the vector of pairs are linearly

dependent?
5. Find the equation of the sphere whose diameter is
placed on the line [ AB ] , if A( 2, 4, 3) and B (−4, 2, 1) .
A) a = (−1, 2, 3), b = (1, − 2, − 3)
A) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 2x + 6 y + 4z − 3 = 0 1 1
B) a = (1, − 3, 2), b = ( −1, , − )
B) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 6x + 2 y + 2z + 3 = 0 3 2
C) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 2x − 6 y − 4z + 3 = 0 C) a = (1, 2, 3), b = ( 2, 3, 4)

D) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 2 x − 4 y + 3z − 1 = 0 D) a = (6, 8,10), b = (2, 4, 6)

E) x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 6x − 2 y − 2z − 3 = 0 E) a = (2, 1, 1), b = (0,1, − 1)

191
Vectors In Space Test 2

11. In the space, vectors a = (2, 1, − 6) and 16. What is the value of m if the vectors
A = (3,12,1 − m) and B = (−5, − 1, 9) are
b = (4, 2k , − p) are given. If vector 2a + b is parallel to
perpendicular to each other?
the vector a then find k + p
A) 6 B) 4 C) 2 D) 0 E) -2
A) -11 B) -13 C) 13 D) 12 E) 11

x − 2 y − 3 z +1 17. What is the value of n + k if the vectors

12. If the line = = passes through the
4 5 −2 A = (6, n + 2, − 2) and B = (3, 5, k ) are parallel to
point B ( −6, k , 3) then find the value of k.
each other?

A) 1 B) 3 C) -3 D) 5 E) -7 A) 7 B) 6 C) 5 D) 3 E) 1

13. What is the equation of the line which passes through

the points A(1, 0, 4) and B(2, − 1, 2)
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18. What is the distance from a point (3, − 2, 0) to the

x −1 y z − 4 x −1 y z−4 plane 4 x − 3 y + 12 z = 44 ?
A) = = B) = =
1 1 2 1 −1 2
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x −1 y z−4 x −1 y z − 4
C) = = D) = = A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
1 −1 2 −1 1 2
x −1 y −1 z − 4
E) = =
−1 1 −2

19. If the distance between two points P1 ( x, − 1, − 1)

x−3 y −4 z −6
14. If the line = = passes through the and P2 (3, − 3, 1) is 3 units then find the value of x.
1 6 −3
points A(3, 4, 6) and B ( 2, a, b) then find the value of
a+b. A) 1; 2 B) 2; 3 C) -2; -3 D) 2; 4 E) -2; -4

A) 6 B) 7 C) -2 D) 4 E) 0

15. What is the angle between vectors A = ( 2 , 1, − 1) 20. If the following vectors A = (2, − 1, 1) ,

and B = (0, 3 , 0) ? B = (1, m, − 5) and C = (3, − 4, − 4) are coplanar (on

the same plane) then find the value of m.

A) 30 B) 45 C) 60 D) 90 E) 120
A) -4 B) -3 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4

192
 Solids
• Prisms
• Pyramids and Cones
• Cylinders
• Spheres
 SOLIDS
1. PERPENDICULARITY THEOREMS
- The angle between planes
A- H , B, d ∈ E and A ∉ E E1 and E2 is α
- The area of region A is
i) If AH ⊥ E and AB ⊥ d S and the area of
then HB ⊥ d region A1 is S / .

ii) If AB ⊥ d and HB ⊥ d
S 1 = S ⋅ cos α
then AH ⊥ E
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iii) If AH ⊥ E and HB ⊥ d 3. SOLIDS

then AB ⊥ d A. PRISMS
©

E1 // E 2 , any polygon
ABCDE in plane E1 and
B. If a line is perpendicular
any similar polygon to
to two intersecting lines
in a plane then that line it A / B / C / D / E / in plane
also perpendicular to E2 form a solid figure
the plane. That means; which is called prism.
this line is perpendicular
to the all lines in the plane. ABCDE and [ ]
A / B / C / D / E / are bases of prism. AA / ,

[BB ], [CC ], [DD ] and [EE ] are lateral edges of

/ / / /

prism. [A B ], [B C ] , [C D ] , … are also edges of

/ / / / / /
2. PROJECTION
base of prism.
A- PROJECTION OF A LINE
i) If lateral edges of a prism is perpendicular to the edges
If the projection of a line of bases then it is called to be perpendicular prism or

segment [AB] is [A1 B1 ] in the right parallelepiped.

plane E
ii) If they are not perpendicular it is called to be oblique
[A1 B1 ] = [AB] ⋅ cos α prism.

B. PROJECTION OF A PLANE

195
 SOLIDS

CONCLUSIONS ABOUT PRISMS B. CYLINDER

1. All faces of a prism are parallelogram.

i) If the elements of a cylinder are perpendicular to the
2. Any two opposite faces of a prism can be taken as planes of the base then it is called to be a right cylinder.
bases.

3. The diagonals of any prism are concurrent and bisect ii) If they are not perpendicular it is called to be oblique
one another.
prism.
4. A prism whose six faces are all squares is called a
cube.
CONCLUSIONS ABOUT CYLINDERS

1. OBLIQUE PRISM 1. Every section of a right cylinder made by a plane

passing through an element is a rectangle.

i) V = ( Area of base) ⋅ ( Height ) 2. In a right cylinder, the altitude equals any element.

3. The bases of a cylinder are circles and are congruent.

⎛ shaded ⎞ ⎛ lateral ⎞
ii) V = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ⋅ ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ area ⎠ ⎝ area ⎠
i) Area: S = 2 ⋅ Base area + Lateral area
V = A( ABCD) × AE
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S = 2π r 2 + 2πrh
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S = 2π r ⋅ ( r + h)
2. RECTANGULAR PRISM

ii) Volume: V = π r 2h

C. CONE

1- REGULAR CONE
i) Area: S = 2 ⋅ (ab + ac + bc)
i) Lateral Area: πra

ii) Volume: V = a⋅b⋅c

ii) Total Area: S = πr 2 + πra

S = πr (r + a)
iii) Lateral Diagonal: e = a +b
2 2

1
iv) Main Diagonal: k = a2 + b2 + c2 iii) Volume: V = πr 2 h
3

196
 SOLIDS

2- FRUSTUM OF CONE 2. FRUSTUM OF PYRAMID

i) Total Area:
i) Lateral Area:

Area = Lateral areas + Base Areas

S1 = π ⋅ b ⋅ ( R + r )

ii) Volume:
ii) Total Area:
1
V = h ⋅ ( S1 + S 1 S 2 + S 2 )
3
S = πb( R + r ) + πr 2 + πR 2
(S1 and S2 are base areas)

iii) Volume:

1
V = πh( R 2 + r 2 + Rr )
3 E. OCTAHEDRON

A regular Octahedron is a
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combination of two congruent

D. PYRAMIDS square pyramids.

©

1- REGULAR PYRAMIDS Area: S = 2a 2 3

a3 2
i) Base can be any polygon Volume: V=
3
a 2
ii) If base is any regular Height: h=
polygon and lateral areas 2
are congruent and equal,
then that pyramid is
called Regular Pyramid

F. TETRAHEDRON

i) Area = Lateral Area + Base Area A pyramid with four equilateral

triangles is called Tetrahedron.

i) Area of an equilateral triangle:

Base Area × Height
ii) Volume =
3
a2 3
S=
4

197
 SOLIDS

ii) Total Area:

a2 3
S = 4× =a
2
3 i) AREA: S Lateral = 2π R h
4
1 1
V = π h 3 + π h (r1 + r2 )
2 2
iii) Volume: ii) VOLUME:
6 2

a3 2
V=
12

iv) Height:

a 6
h=
3

G. SPHERE
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i) Area: S = 4π r 2
©

4
ii) Volume: V = π r3
3

1- SEGMENT OF SPHERE

i) AREA: S Lateral = 2 π R h

⎛ h⎞
ii) VOLUME: V = π h2 ⎜ R − ⎟
⎝ 3⎠

2- SECTOR OF SPHERE

2
i) VOLUME: V = π R2 h
3

ii) AREA: (
S Total = π R 2h + 2 R h − h 2 )
3- FRUSTUM OF SPHERE

198
PRISMS TEST 1

1. In the given figure, a regular 5. The base of a regular prism

triangular prism is given. The is a hexagon with a side 6 cm.
right sides of the triangle are If the height of the prism is
6 cm and 8 cm. If the height 10 cm then find the total area
is 12 cm then find the area of the given prism.
and volume of the given
prism

V = 288 V = 336 V = 288

A) B) C) A) 54 3 + 27 B) 540 3 C) 108 3
A = 336 A = 576 A = 576
V = 288 36 (10 + 3 3 ) 36 (10 3 + 1)
E) V = 336
D) E)
D)
A = 288 A = 280

6. If lateral diagonal of a cube is 6 2 cm then find the

2. The base of a regular prism is an equilateral triangle total area of cube.
with a side 6 cm. If the height of the prism is 8 cm then find
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the total area of the prism.

A) 6 3 B) 6 C) 54 D) 216 E) 108

A) 144 3 + 18 B) 144 C) 18 (8 3 + 1)
©

D) 9 3 E) 18 (8 + 3 )

7. If we construct a cube using a wire with 132 cm then find

the main diagonal of cube.
3. If one side of a cube is 8 cm then find the volume of the
cube.
A) 11 B) 11 2 C) 11 3 D) 12 E) 132
A) 8 3 B) 384 C) 512 D) 216 E) 64 3

8. A cube has total area 96 cm2. Another cube has a

4. If one side of a cube is 5 cm then find the main diagonal volume three times more than the first cube. Find the area
of the cube. of second cube.

A) 5 3 B) 5 2 C) 53 3 D) 25 E) 125 A) 64 B) 192 C) 43 3 D) 723 6 E) 963 9

199
Prisms Test 1

9. If we increase the volume of a cube 27 times, then how 3

13. The ratio of sides of two cubes is then find the
much must we increase one side of that cube. 4
ratio of the volumes of cubes.

A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 9
27 8 9 1
A) B) C) D) E) 1
64 27 16 4

10. In the given cube, the area 14. In the given prism
of rectangle
I I
AB C D is AB = 3 and BB / = 10 .
5 2 , then find the area 6
of cube. If cos α = then
10
find the total area of prism. α
A) 20 B) 24 C) 30 D) 36 E) 72
A) 17 B) 54 C) 144 D) 164 E) 180
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©

11. Find the following ratio for a cube; Main diagonal . 15. The sides of a rectangular prism are proportional to
Lateral diagonal
numbers 2: 3: 4 and the main diagonal is 116 cm.
Then find the volume of the prism
6 3 3 3 6
A) B) C) D) E)
2 2 3 2 3
A) 192 B) 156 C) 124 D) 100 2 E) 58

16. The sides of a rectangular prism are x, x, h and the

volume of the prism is 75 cm3. Find the area of prism in
12. The volume of given cube is
3 terms of x.
64 cm . Find the area of given
rectangle DBB / D / .
300 x2
A) 2 x
2
+ B) 2 x
2
+ 4x C) + 4x
x 2
x2
A) 8 2 B) 10 2 C) 12 2 D) 16 2 E) 24 2 D) + 300 x E) 4 x
2
+ 2x
2

200
PRISMS TEST 2

1 5. If the base of a prism is

1. How many small cubes with sides m can be placed an equilateral triangle and
4
in a cube with side 2 m? AB = AC = BC = 4 cm
if h = 6 cm then find the
A) 32 B) 64 C) 128 D) 348 E) 512 volume of the prism.

A) 48 B) 24 3 C) 24 D) 48 8 E) 12 6

2. In the given figure, if

BD / = 2 3 cm find the
volume of given cube
6. The sides of a rectangular prism are proportional to
2
numbers 2: 3: 5 and the total area of prism is 248 cm .
Then find the volume of the prism

8
A) 8 B) 8 3 C) D) 24 E) 6 3 A) 90 B) 120 C) 180 D) 220 E) 240
3
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©

7. In the given figure, If the

3. If AB = 4 cm, BC = 3 cm length of AB = 3 cm then
AE = 5 cm. Then find the find the total area of the
length of EC . given cube

A) 18 B) 27 C) 6 D) 6 3 E) 3 6

A) 25 B) 2 5 C) 5 50 D) 5 3 E) 5 2

8. In the given figure,

AB = 10 cm, BC = 6 cm
3
4. A swimming pool is a rectangular prism. The of this BF = 8 cm and point P
4
3 is the intersection point of
swimming pool has 48 m water. If the depth of this pool is
diagonals [ AH ] and [ DE ] .
1.6 m then find the area of base of the swimming pool
Find the area of triangle ABP

A) 64 B) 48 C) 40 D) 30 E) 24 A) 20 B) 25 C) 27 D) 27 3 E) 36

201
Regular Prisms Test 2

9. In the given cube 13. In the given cube, if

FG = 8 cm, N is AB = 2 cm then
midpoint of [ AD ] and find the volume of cube
M is midpoint of [BC ] .
Then find the volume of
prism EFGHABMN . A) 4 B) 4 2 C) 2 2 D) 8 E) 2 3

A) 768 B) 512 C) 384 D) 256 E) 192

14. How many rectangular prism with dimension

1 cm × 2 cm × 3 cm can be put in a cube with the area of
10. The sides of a rectangular prism a, b, c has a property
1 1 1 1 216 cm2
+ + = . Find the volume of the prism if the total
a b c 2
2
area of the prism is 288 cm
A) 12 B) 20 C) 26 D) 36 E) 42

A) 144 B) 288 C) 336 D) 432 E) 576

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13. In the given triangular

©

prism [ AB ] ⊥ [ BC ] ,
11. ABCDEFGH is a
rectangular prism and AB = 3 cm,
EF = 6 cm, BC = 4 cm. If the
HF = 10 cm, height of prism is
24 cm then find the
BF = 5 5 . Find the total area of the prism.
total area of given cube

A) 100 B) 200 C) 300 D) 400 E) 500

A) 221 B) 300 5 C) 40 + 70 5

D) 96 + 140 5 E) 40 + 96 5

16. In the given prism

ABCD is a square with
a side 1 cm. If α = 30 o
12. The sides of a rectangular prism are a, b, and c. and EH = 4 cm then
ab = 120 cm2, ac = 80 cm2 and bc = 96 cm2 find the volume of prism.
then find the volume of given rectangular prism.

A) 180 B) 240 C) 480 D) 720 E) 960 A) 16 B) 12 C) 8 D) 4 E) 2

202
PYRAMIDS AND CONES TEST 1

1. In the given figure, the square 5. In the given figure

based pyramid has a side AB = 5 cm, BH = 3 cm,
AB = 10 cm and the main height if the triangle ABC is rotated
o
5 cm. Find the lateral height
/
h . 360 around the side [ BC ] ,
then find the total area of
the solid body formed by .
the rotation.
A) 5 B) 5 2 C) 5 3 D) 2 5 E) 10 20π 140π 140π 70π
A) B) 70π C) D) E)
3 5 3 3

2. A tetrahedron is given with a side 4 cm then find the 6. In the given figure BC = 8 cm,
total area and volume of tetrahedron and if the equilateral triangle ABC
o
is rotated 360 around the side
[ BC ] , then find the total
A = 8 3 cm 2
A = 16 2 cm 2
A = 16 3 cm 2
volume of the solid body formed
A) B) C)
16 2 16 3 16 2 by the rotation.
V= cm3 V = cm3 V= cm 3
2 3 3
16 3 A) 32π cm 3 B) 64π cm 3 C) 72π cm 3
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A=
D) A = 16 3 cm
2 cm2
E) 2 D) 96π cm 3 E) 128π cm 3
V = 16 2 cm 3 16 2
V= cm3
3
©

7. The parallelogram ABCD is

o
rotated 360 around the side
[ AB ] . If the sides DC = 10 cm
3. In the given figure, triangle
o
ABC is rotated 360 around and DH = 6 cm then find the
the side [ AB ] . If AB = 8 cm, volume of the solid body

and BC = 6 cm then find the formed by the rotation. (Take π = 3)

volume of the solid body
formed by the rotation A) 1440 cm 3 B) 1080 cm 3 C) 960 cm
3

3 3
D) 720 cm E) 540 cm

A) 96π cm 3 B) 60π cm 3 C) 192π cm 3

D) 36π cm 3 E) 72π cm 3
8. Trapezoid ABCD is rotated
360o around the side [ AB ] .
If the sides AB = 16 cm,
BC = 10 cm, and DC = 8
4. A cone has a volume V. If we increase the radius 3 cm then find the volume of the
times and decrease the height half, then find the volume of solid body formed by the rotation
the new cone.
A) 288π cm 3 B) 96π cm 3 C) 384π cm 3
3 9
A) 2 B) 3 C) D) 4 E)
2 2 D) 400π cm 3 E) 484π cm 3

203
Pyramids and Cones Test 1

9. A cone is opened in the 13.Find the lateral area of the cone with radius 3 cm and
height 4 cm. (Take π
given figure, then find
= 3)
the area of the base
if AC = 6 cm and
A) 30 B) 36 C) 45 D) 60 E) 75
m(∠BAC ) = 75 o .

A) 16π cm 2 B) 20π cm
2
C) 25π cm
2

25π 25π
D) cm 2 E) cm 2
4 16 14. Find the ratio of the
volume of the shaded
pyramid BEFG to the
volume of the cube.

10. A cone is formed by using a semicircle with radius 6

1 1 1 1 1
cm. Find the volume of the cone. (Take π = 3) A) B) C) D) E)
12 4 8 5 6

A) 27 3 cm 3 B) 36 2 cm 3 C) 54 2 cm 3

D) 60 3 cm 3 E) 64 3 cm 3
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15. In the figure, a square

©

pyramid is given. First

pyramid is filled water until
11. Triangle ABC is rotated half of its height AB and
180o around the side [ AB] . then it is reversed. Find
Find the volume of the solid
body formed by the rotation.
the height AC / of the
water in the second
pyramid
A) 3π cm 3 B) 6π cm 3 C) 8π cm 3
D) 12π cm 3 E) 16π cm 3
7 9 7
A) 3 h B) 3 h C) 3 h
6 4 8
3 1
D) 3 h E) 3 h
7 2

12. The one third of the given

cone is filled with water (V).
How much water must we 16. Find the lateral area of the
add to fill the cone
given square based pyramid
if EC = 5 cm and BC = 8 cm.

A) 7V B) 15V C) 26V D) 60V E) 80V A) 112 B) 96 C) 72 D) 56 E) 48

204
PYRAMID AND CONES TEST 2

1. A square based pyramid 5. Equilateral triangle ABC

o
as in figure AB = 8 cm and is rotated 360 around the
side [ BC ] . Find the volume
its volume is 64 cm3. Find
the area of lateral faces. of the solid body formed by the
rotation. (Take π = 3)

A) 240 B) 160 C) 120 D) 80 E) 60 A) 54 B) 81 C) 144 D) 162 E) 243

3
2. In the given triangle, sin α =
5
o
and it is rotated 360 around the 6. In the given opened cone,
side [ BC ] . How many unit3 is the radius of the base is 3 cm
the volume of the solid body and AB =5 cm then find
formed by the rotation.
the angle α.

A) 36π B) 24π C) 18π D) 12π E) 6π

A) 200 B) 216 C) 224 D) 236 E) 240
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©

3. A right trapezoid ABCD is

o
rotated 360 around the side
[ AB] . If AB = 5 cm,
7. In the given circle, the
7 shaded part is used to
BC = cm and CD = 2
22 build a cone, find the area
of the lateral face of the built
cm then find the volume of
cone. (Take π = 3,14 )
22
the solid body formed by the rotation. (Take π= )
7
A) 9,42 B) 10,02 C) 10,50 D) 16,44 E) 18,36
A) 7 22 B) 14 C) 18 D) 21 E) 28 22

4. Triangle ABC is rotated 360o 8. In the given cone, the height

around the side [ AC ] . If h = 10x and radius of base
m(∠A) = 60 o , m(∠C ) = 90 o r = 6x. If the volume of the
cone is 960π cm
3
and BC = 3 cm then find
then find the height h.
the volume of the solid body
formed by the rotation

A) π B) 2π C) 3π D) 4π E) 5π A) 4 B) 8 C) 12 D) 16 E) 20

205
Pyramids and Cones Test 2

9. In the given figure the 13. A cylinder and a cone have equal volume. The radius
equilateral based pyramid of the cylinder is three times as the radius of the cone. If
has a side a cm and height the height of the cone is 54 cm, then find the height of the
cylinder.
h = a 48 cm. Find the
volume of the pyramid. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 5 E) 6

3
A) a B) 2a 3 C) 2a
3
D) 3a
3
E) 5a
3

14. Trapezoid ABCD is rotated

o
360 around the side [ AB ] . If
m(∠C ) = 45 o , AB = 2 cm
AD = 2 cm then find the
volume of the solid body formed
10. A tetrahedron is given with a side 12 cm then find the by the rotation.
total area of tetrahedron.
A) 28π / 3 cm 3 B) 56π / 9 cm 3 C) 28π 2 / 3 cm 3
A) 36 3 B) 72 3 C) 96 3 D) 56π / 3 cm 3 E) 112π / 3 cm 3
D) 108 3 E) 144 3
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©

15. Triangle ABC is rotated

11. A cone has a volume v if we increase the radius 3 360o around the side [ AB] .
times with a constant height then find the volume of the Find the volume of the solid
new cone. body formed by the rotation.
(S is area of triangle ABC)
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 7 E) 9
4πS 2 3πS 2 4πS 2 c 4πS 2 4πS 2
A) B) C) D) E)
3a 4a 3 3c 3b

12. Trapezoid ABCD is

o 11. In the given figure [ BC ] //[ DE ]
rotated 360 around the
side [DC ] . If AD = 2 3 BC = 5 cm, DE = 10 cm

cm, AB = 11 cm and and AB = 4 cm, if the figure

o
is rotated 360 around the
DC = 5 cm, then Find
side [BE ] then find the
the volume of the solid
volume of the solid body
body formed by the rotation.
formed by rotation. (Take π = 3)
A) 13π cm 3
B) 24π cm 3
C) 108π cm 3

D) 132π cm 3 E) 156π cm 3 A) 36 B) 144 C) 288 D) 324 E) 340

206
CYLINDER TEST 1

1. Two cylinders have radii 5 cm and 10 cm with equal 5. In the given figure, a half
height 7 cm. Find the ratio of the volume of cylinders. part of a cylindrical pipe
is given. The thickness
of the pipe is 1 cm, inner
1 radius is 5 cm and length
A) B) 2 C) 4 D) 16 E) 25 of pipe is 20 cm then find
4
the volume of given figure.

A) 50π B) 70π C) 90π D) 110π E) 250π

2. Rectangle ABCD is rotated

360o around the side AB .[ ]
Find the volume of the solid 6. Find the radius of the base of a cylinder whose area of
body formed by the rotation. 2
lateral surface is 376.8 cm and height is 10 cm.
(Take π = 3)
(Take π = 3,14 )
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A) 324 B) 162 C) 144 D) 108 E) 96

A) 4 B) 6 C) 8 D) 10 E) 12
©

3. Rectangle ABCD is rotated

o
360 around the side [DC ] . 7. Find the sum of the radius and the height of a cylinder if
its total area is 396 cm2 and radius of base is r =7 cm.
Find the volume of the solid
body formed by the rotation. 22
(Take π = )
7
A) 334π 3 B) 334π C) 343π A) 11 B) 10 C) 9 D) 7 E) 5

D) 343π 3 E) 384π

8. Find the lateral area of a cylinder, if its volume is 301.44

4. The height of a cylinder is 7 cm and its volume is 189 cm3 and height 6 cm. (Take π = 3,14 )
cm then find the radius of its base. (Take π
3
= 3)
A) 96.04 B) 120.16 C) 142.36

A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6 D) 150.72 E) 162.96

207
Cylinder Test 1

9. In the figure, a cylindrical 13. We increase the radius of the base of a cylinder 3
Pipe is given. The inner times with a constant height. How many times increases
diameter is 4 cm and the lateral area.
outer diameter is 6 cm
and length of pipe is 2.7 m. A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 6 E) 8
then find the volume of
metal pipe. (Take π = 3)

A) 2160 B) 4050 C) 5130

D) 7290 E) 8150

2
14. The volume of a
5
cylindrical jerry can has
water inside. Its base
radius is 50 cm and its
height is 120 cm. How
much water are there inside
10. In a cylinder, height is equal to radius of the base then jerry can? (Take π = 3)
Lateral area
find .
Sum of base areas
A) 300 B) 330 C) 360 D) 510 E) 900
KATEV

1
A) B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4
2
©

15. How much tin we need if we construct a closed

cylindrical jerry can radius 5 cm and a height 12 cm?
(Take π = 3)
3
11. Find the height of the cylinder if its volume is 628 cm
and its lateral area is 251.2 cm2. (Take π = 3,14 ) A) 150 B) 360 C) 480 D) 510 E) 680

A) 8 B) 10 C)12 D) 14 E) 16

16. The volume of the

cylinder is V and find
the volume of the
region between
12. Find the maximum value of the volume of the cylinder cylinder and cone
which is placed in a cube with a side 4 cm. (Take π = 3) in terms of V.

3V 2V V V
A) V B) C) D) E)
A) 64 B) 48 C) 42 D) 36 E) 24 4 3 3 2

208
CYLINDER TEST 2

1. A cylinder has a lateral area 80 3π cm2 and base 5. Find the maximum value of the volume of the cylinder
which is placed in a cube with a side 6 cm.
area 48π cm2 then find the volume of the cylinder.
(Take π = 3)

A) 160 3π B) 144π C) 196π A) 18 B) 27 C) 54 D) 96 E) 162

D) 240π E) 480π

6. If a cylinder (maximum-valued volume) is placed in a

3
2. The volume of a cylinder is 108 cm and its height is 12 cube, find the ratio between area of a cylinder and area of
cm. Then find the radius of the base of the cylinder. a cube. (Take π = 3)
(Take π = 3)
4 1 3
A) B) 2 C) D) 3 E)
A) 3 B) 5 C) 4 D) 6 E) 3 3 3 4
KATEV
©

3. We increase the radius of the base of a cylinder 2 times 7. A cylinder has a base perimeter three times as its

with a constant height. How many times increases the height. If its lateral area is 48 cm2, then find the volume of

lateral area. the cylinder. (Take π = 3)

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 A) 28 B) 36 C) 48 D) 54 E) 64

4. If we rotated the given

figure around side [AB] . 8. In the given figure, the cube
(maximum-valued volume)
If BC = 2 cm and is in a cylinder. If one

m(∠CAB ) = 30 o find side of the cube is 2 2 cm

then find the volume of
the volume of the solid
the cylinder.
body formed by the rotation

A) 6π B) 6 3π C) 8π D) 8 3π E) 9π A) 8π 2 B) 12π C) 8π D) 8π 3 E) 4π 2

209
Cylinder Test 2

9. A cylinder (maximum- 13. Find the maximum value of the volume of the cylinder
valued volume) is placed
which is placed in a cube with a side 4 3 cm.
in a cube with a side
(Take π = 3 )
6 3 cm. Find the volume
of the cylinder.
A) 72 3 B) 144 3 C) 36 3 D) 72 E) 144

A) 36 3π B) 54 3π C) 72 2π

D) 81 2π E) 162 3π

14. A rectangle with sides a and b is rotated around the

side a and b consecutively. Find the ratio of the volumes
of the bodies formed by the rotation.
10. Find the radius of the base of a cylinder if its height is
10 cm and the lateral area is 314 cm . (Take π = 3,14 )
2

a2 b b
A) B) C)
b a a2
A) 2,5 B) 5 C) 10 D) 15 E) 20
a2 a2
D) E)
b2
KATEV

b
©

11. Find the maximum value of the volume of the cylinder

which is placed in a cube with a side 6 cm.
15. The area of the lateral face of a cylinder is 100π cm 2
(Take π = 3)
and base area is 25π cm2, then find the volume of the
cylinder.
A) 54 B) 108 C) 162 D) 169 E) 192

A)100 π B)150 π C)200 π D)250 π E)300 π

12. A cylinder which has maximum value volume is

Volume of Cylinder
placed in a cube, then find .
Volume of Cube 16. The lateral area of a cylinder is equal to sum of the
(Take π = 3) area of bases, if its height is 2 cm then find the volume of
the cylinder.

4 3 1 2 3
A) B) C) D) E) A) 8π B) 6π C) 4π D) 2π E) π
3 4 3 3 2

210
SPHERE TEST 1

1. A sphere is made up of copper with radius 3 cm. If this Area of Sphere

5. Find , if the radii of sphere and
sphere is melted and formed to 64 small congruent Area of Cylinder
spheres then find the radii of the small spheres. cylinder are r and their volumes are equal.

1 1 3 3 4 7 3 3 6
A) B) C) D) 1 E) A) B) C) D) E)
2 3 4 2 9 3 7 8 7

2. In the given figure, the sphere

is cut from the point A 6. What is the volume of the sphere if its area is 432 cm2.
where 2 cm far from the (Take π = 3)
center O. Find the volume
of the sphere if the area A)360 B)432 C)648 D)864 E) 1080
of the circle formed by
cutting is 20π cm2.

A) 64π B) 24 6π C) 48 6π D) 64 6π E) 72π
KATEV

7. Rectangle ABCD is
o
rotated 360 around
©

the side BC . Find the

radius of the sphere whose
volume is equal to volume
3. Find the area of the sphere if its volume is 2048 cm3. of the solid body formed
(Take π = 3) by the rotation.
(Take π = 3)
A) 480 B) 536 C) 672 D) 724 E) 768
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 E) 7

4. In the given figure, a 8. In the given figure, the

cylinder is placed into the sphere is internally tangent
sphere. The height of the to the sides of a cylinder. Find
cylinder is 6 cm and the
Volume of Sphere
lateral area is 48π cm
2 .
Volume of Cylinder
then find the volume
of sphere.

500π 3 2 4 1
A) 432π B) 200π C) D) 144π E) 112π A) B) C) 1 D) E)
3 2 3 3 2

211
Sphere Test 1

9. Find the radius of sphere whose volume equal to 13. If the area of a sphere with radius r is equal to area of
cylinder with radius 6 cm and height 27 cm. (Take π = 3) a cube with a side a, then find the relationship between a
and r

A) 9 B) 8 C) 5 D) 3 E) 9 3 r2 3 a2 3 r2 3
A) = B) = C) =
a 2
2π r 2
2π a 2
4π
a2 3 r2 2
D) = E) =
r 2
4π a 2
3π

10. In the given figure, the sphere

is cut from the point A where
3 cm far from the center O. 14. In the given figure, the sphere
Find the circumference of is cut from the point
the circle formed by cutting A and B where O is the center,
the sphere, if the area of the OA = 3 cm, OB = 4 cm
sphere is 300cm (Take π = 3)
2

and OC = 5 cm. Find the

sum of the areas of the circles
A) 16 B) 18 C) 24 D) 30 E) 36
formed by cutting the
sphere. (Take π = 3)
KATEV

A) 23 B) 45 C) 50 D) 75 E) 100
©

11. If the volumes of a cone and a sphere are equal with

equal radii, then which of the following is true for the given
expression? (V Cone ) (
= V Sphere and rCone = rSphere ) 15. A quarter circle whose
diameter is 10 cm. is revolved
o
A) h =r B) h =2r C) h =3r 360 around the side AB .
r Find the volume of the solid
D) h =4r E) h= body formed.
2

1 1 75 125 250
A) π B) π C) π D) π E) π
4 2 4 3 3

12. In the given figure 16. If the volume of a sphere with radius r is equal to
what is the ratio volume of a cylinder with radius r, then find the
between the volume relationship between h and r
of the sphere and the
volume of the cone. 1 3
A) h = 4r B) h = r C) h = r
2 2
1 1 3 4
A) 2 B) 2 C) 3 D) 3 E) 4 D) h = r E) h = r
2 2 4 3

212
 ANSWER KEY
ANGLES AND TRIANGLES
ANGLES IN LINES ANGLES IN TRIANGLES

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3 Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3

1-D 11-D 1-E 11-C 1-C 11-E 1-C 11-A 1-C 11-A 1-C 11-D
2-C 12-C 2-C 12-D 2-B 12-E 2-B 12-C 2-C 12-B 2-C 12-B
3-B 13-C 3-D 13-D 3-D 13-A 3-C 13-A 3-C 13-A 3-B 13-B
4-D 14-D 4-E 14-A 4-C 14-B 4-D 14-C 4-D 14-C 4-A 14-D
5-B 15-E 5-D 15-A 5-B 15-B 5-D 15-E 5-C 15-B 5-B 15-C
6-E 16-D 6-B 16-E 6-C 16-A 6-A 16-B 6-D 16-C 6-C 16-D
7-A 7-B 7-B 7-C 7-D 7-D
8-B 8-C 8-A 8-C 8-A 8-B
9-D 9-B 9-E 9-D 9-C 9-C
10-B 10-E 10-D 10-A 10-B 10-C

TRIANGLE INEQUALITY METRIC RELATIONS IN RIGTH TRIANGLES

Test - 4 Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3

1-A 11-A 1-B 11-A 1-E 11-D 1-B 11-A 1-B 11-A 1-C 11-E
2-C 12-C 2-E 12-C 2-B 12-A 2-C 12-E 2-A 12-E 2-E 12-A
3-B 13-C 3-C 13-B 3-C 13-C 3-D 13-C 3-C 13-B 3-C 13-B
4-A 14-B 4-A 14-E 4-A 14-E 4-A 14-B 4-D 14-D 4-D 14-E
5-B 15-D 5-C 15-D 5-B 15-A 5-E 15-D 5-C 15-E 5-B 15-B
6-D 16-A 6-A 16-B 6-D 16-B 6-B 16-E 6-B 16-C 6-D 16-E
7-A 7-D 7-E 7-E 7-E 7-A
8-B 8-E 8-C 8-D 8-C 8-B
9-B 9-C 9-B 9-C 9-D 9-C
10-D 10-D 10-D 10-D 10-C 10-C

AREA OF TRIANGLES SIMILARITY IN TRIANGLES

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3 Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3

1-D 11-E 1-B 11-B 1-D 11-A 1-B 11-B 1-E 11-E 1-A 11-B
2-B 12-B 2-C 12-C 2-A 12-E 2-E 12-D 2-B 12-A 2-A 12-E
3-C 13-B 3-D 13-E 3-E 13-E 3-D 13-D 3-B 13-E 3-E 13-A
4-E 14-E 4-B 14-B 4-B 14-D 4-C 14-A 4-B 14-E 4-B 14-C
5-C 15-D 5-A 15-E 5-D 15-A 5-D 15-C 5-E 15-D 5-D 15-B
6-B 16-B 6-C 16-D 6-A 16-D 6-C 16-C 6-C 16-B 6-C 16-D
7-A 7-A 7-B 7-A 7-B 7-A
8-D 8-A 8-B 8-C 8-C 8-C
9-A 9-B 9-D 9-B 9-E 9-E
10-D 10-C 10-A 10-C 10-B 10-B

TRIGONOMETRY

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3 Test - 4

1-B 11-D 1-A 11-B 1-E 11-B 1-D 11-E 21-C
2-E 12-C 2-D 12-A 2-B 12-A 2-E 12-D 22-B
3-A 13-E 3-B 13-B 3-B 13-E 3-A 13-B 23-A
4-A 14-B 4-C 14-E 4-C 14-C 4-D 14-D 24-C
5-D 15-A 5-D 15-C 5-D 15-B 5-B 15-D 25-B
6-D 16-C 6-E 16-D 6-B 16-A 6-C 16-D
7-C 17-B 7-A 17-C 7-D 17-C 7-C 17-E
8-B 18-B 8-C 18-E 8-B 18-D 8-B 18-A
9-C 19-E 9-D 19-A 9-E 19-E 9-D 19-B
10-B 20-D 10-B 20-B 10-C 20-D 10-A 20-B
POLYGONS AND QUADRILATERALS
POLYGONS TRAPEZOID

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 1 Test - 2

1-A 11-B 1-C 11-B 1-C 11-A 1-E 11-A
2-D 12-C 2-A 12-B 2-D 12-C 2-A 12-D
3-B 13-D 3-D 13-E 3-A 13-A 3-D 13-B
4-E 14-A 4-B 14-E 4-B 14-C 4-B 14-A
5-D 15-D 5-B 15-C 5-C 15-E 5-A 15-C
6-B 16-B 6-B 16-C 6-D 16-E 6-E 16-B
7-B 17-E 7-D 17-E 7-C 7-C
8-E 18-D 8-A 18-D 8-A 8-B
9-C 19-C 9-E 19-D 9-B 9-D
10-C 20-B 10-C 20-C 10-D 10-E

PARALLELOGRAM RECTANGLE

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3 Test - 1 Test - 2

1-C 11-D 1-B 11-D 1-C 11-C 1-B 11-B 1-C 11-D
2-E 12-D 2-D 12-E 2-B 12-B 2-C 12-A 2-E 12-B
3-C 13-C 3-A 13-C 3-E 13-A 3-C 13-D 3-B 13-A
4-C 14-D 4-B 14-E 4-D 14-C 4-A 14-C 4-D 14-A
5-A 15-E 5-B 15-A 5-C 15-E 5-D 15-E 5-C 15-E
6-B 16-E 6-E 16-D 6-A 16-C 6-E 16-B 6-E 16-C
7-B 7-C 7-C 7-B 7-D
8-A 8-A 8-E 8-D 8-A
9-A 9-C 9-D 9-B 9-B
10-C 10-B 10-B 10-D 10-C

SQUARE RHOMBUS

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3 Test - 1

1-D 11-D 1-A 11-C 1-C 11-D 1-E 11-B
2-C 12-B 2-B 12-B 2-B 12-B 2-C 12-C
3-E 13-D 3-D 13-A 3-D 13-E 3-D 13-A
4-B 14-E 4-C 14-B 4-E 14-C 4-B 14-C
5-B 15-B 5-E 15-C 5-C 15-A 5-C 15-E
6-C 16-C 6-A 16-E 6-A 16-D 6-B 16-A
7-A 7-C 7-E 7-E
8-E 8-D 8-B 8-D
9-A 9-D 9-A 9-D
10-C 10-B 10-B 10-A

CIRCLES
ANGLES IN CIRCLES

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3 Test - 4

1-B 11-A 1-E 11-C 1-D 11-A 1-A 11-E
2-C 12-A 2-D 12-D 2-B 12-C 2-C 12-B
3-D 13-B 3-B 13-E 3-B 13-A 3-C 13-A
4-A 14-B 4-B 14-D 4-E 14-E 4-C 14-C
5-B 15-E 5-E 15-A 5-C 15-E 5-E 15-E
6-C 16-C 6-D 16-B 6-B 16-C 6-A 16-C
7-E 7-E 7-D 7-E
8-D 8-B 8-D 8-D
9-C 9-A 9-A 9-E
10-E 10-D 10-C 10-E
 LENGTH IN CIRCLES

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3

1-A 11-E 1-A 11-C 1-D 11-C
2-A 12-E 2-D 12-E 2-B 12-B
3-C 13-D 3-C 13-C 3-D 13-C
4-D 14-C 4-A 14-A 4-C 14-B
5-E 15-E 5-C 15-B 5-B 15-E
6-E 16-C 6-B 16-D 6-A 16-C
7-D 7-C 7-E
8-E 8-C 8-A
9-C 9-C 9-E
10-E 10-B 10-D

AREA OF CIRCLES

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3 Test - 4

1-E 11-C 1-D 11-E 1-E 11-A 1-D 11-E
2-C 12-A 2-B 12-B 2-B 12-C 2-D 12-D
3-C 13-C 3-D 13-D 3-D 13-A 3-C 13-B
4-A 14-A 4-A 14-E 4-D 14-B 4-C 14-D
5-E 15-D 5-E 15-B 5-B 15-C 5-C 15-B
6-A 16-A 6-D 16-A 6-B 16-D 6-B 16-E
7-D 7-C 7-D 7-A 17-D
8-E 8-B 8-B 8-C 18-D
9-E 9-E 9-A 9-D 19-C
10-A 10-A 10-A 10-C 20-B

ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

POINT IN ANALYTIC PLANE LINE IN ANALYTIC PLANE

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3

1-D 11-D 1-E 11-A 1-A 11-B 1-E 11-B 1-E 11-A
2-B 12-D 2-C 12-B 2-B 12-A 2-B 12-D 2-B 12-E
3-E 13-C 3-E 13-B 3-C 13-A 3-D 13-A 3-C 13-A
4-E 14-A 4-C 14-C 4-B 14-C 4-D 14-C 4-A 14-E
5-A 15-A 5-E 15-C 5-A 15-E 5-C 15-B 5-B 15-E
6-D 16-B 6-C 16-D 6-C 16-A 6-D 16-C 6-C 16-A
7-D 17-B 7-B 17-C 7-B 17-B 7-B 17-D 7-D 17-C
8-C 18-C 8-D 18-E 8-A 18-E 8-B 18-D 8-A 18-A
9-B 19-C 9-D 19-B 9-C 19-C 9-A 19-E 9-E 19-A
10-D 20-D 10-E 20-B 10-B 20-C 10-A 20-D 10-B 20-E

CIRCLE IN ANALYTIC PLANE

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 3

1-C 11-D 1-C 11-C 1-D 11-C
2-B 12-C 2-C 12-B 2-D 12-C
3-C 13-C 3-D 13-A 3-B 13-C
4-A 14-B 4-B 14-B 4-A 14-A
5-E 15-C 5-A 15-D 5-B 15-C
6-D 16-C 6-B 16-E 6-B 16-A
7-C 7-C 7-A 17-C
8-D 8-B 8-E 18-A
9-E 9-C 9-B 19-A
10-A 10-C 10-B 20-D
VECTORS
VECTORS IN PLANE VECTORS IN SPACE

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 1 Test - 2

1-A 11-C 1-A 11-C 1-D 11-C 1-C 11-C
2-B 12-B 2-D 12-C 2-E 12-A 2-C 12-E
3-E 13-C 3-B 13-A 3-D 13-E 3-C 13-D
4-C 14-C 4-B 14-A 4-B 14-C 4-D 14-B
5-A 15-B 5-C 15-D 5-A 15-B 5-C 15-C
6-A 16-E 6-D 16-B 6-E 16-A 6-B 16-E
7-B 17-E 7-A 17-C 7-C 17-C 7-C 17-A
8-E 18-B 8-E 18-E 8-D 18-E 8-C 18-B
9-D 19-C 9-D 19-C 9-D 19-A 9-C 19-D
10-C 20-C 10-A 20-D 10-C 20-E 10-A 20-B

SOLIDS
PRISMS PYRAMIDS AND CONES

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 1 Test - 2

1-A 11-A 1-E 11-D 1-B 11-B 1-D 11-D
2-E 12-D 2-A 12-E 2-C 12-C 2-D 12-E
3-C 13-A 3-E 13-C 3-A 13-C 3-D 13-B
4-A 14-D 4-C 14-D 4-E 14-E 4-A 14-D
5-D 15-A 5-B 15-C 5-D 15-C 5-D 15-D
6-D 16-A 6-E 16-C 6-E 16-E 6-B 16-C
7-C 7-A 7-B 7-A
8-E 8-B 8-C 8-E
9-B 9-C 9-E 9-A
10-C 10-B 10-A 10-E

CYLINDERS SPHERE

Test - 1 Test - 2 Test - 1

1-A 11-A 1-E 11-C 1-C 11-D
2-C 12-B 2-A 12-B 2-D 12-E
3-D 13-B 3-B 13-B 3-E 13-A
4-B 14-C 4-D 14-B 4-C 14-D
5-D 15-D 5-E 15-D 5-E 15-D
6-E 16-C 6-E 16-A 6-D 16-E
7-C 7-C 7-A
8-D 8-A 8-B
9-B 9-E 9-A
10-B 10-B 10-D