T-ECET222LA

PCB Design and Modelling

 Course Description
• T – ECET222LA – PCB Design and Modeling Lab
• This course will help to improve and strengthen your practical knowledge through hands-on
laboratory activities of PCB design derived from a Schematic Diagram, familiarization to
the PCB Design and Circuit Simulation tools, guidelines, and standards. It will use different
tools such as PCB Wizard, Multisim and other tools available in designing PCB. The course
presents the various techniques on how to design PCB artwork, converting a schematic
diagram to a PCB layout. The subject also involves discussion about the different concepts
about the Electronic symbols, components; Electronic diagrams, flowcharts, system
structures; Electro-mechanical packaging; and Printed circuit board (PCB) layouts.

• Credit: 3 units
• Prerequisite: T-ECET111LA
• Co-requisite: None

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 Course Objectives
• Familiarize basic electronic components basic electronic instruments.
• Create schematic diagrams and perform simulations of simple electronic circuits.
• Understand the need for PCB Design and steps involved in schematic, layout,
fabrication and assembly process of PCB design.
• Apply knowledge of engineering to design and analyze electronic circuits using
available PCB design software.
• Design an electronic printed circuit board for a specific application using industry
standard software.

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Introduction to Electronics
What is Electronics?

O Electronics is the study of flow of

electrons in various materials or space
subjected to various conditions.

O The main focus of electronics remains the

controlled flow of electrons through a
medium.
Electronic Components

O An electronic component is any

basic discrete device or physical entity in
an electronic system used to
affect electrons or their associated fields.

O Components can be classified as passive,

active, or electromechanic.
Active Components

O Active components rely on a source of

energy and usually can inject power into a
circuit, though this is not part of the
definition.

O Active components include amplifying

components such as transistors,
triode vacuum tubes (valves), and tunnel
diodes.
Diode

O allows current to pass in one direction

while blocking it from passing the opposite
direction.
LED (Light Emitting Diode)

O a device that produces light.

Varactor Diode

O variable capacitor which stores energy

and controlled by voltage.
Zener Diode

O allows current to pass in the opposite

direction after the circuit reaches a certain
threshold (for example, it can conduct
after voltage reaches -5v).
Photodiode

O A photodiode is a type of photo

detector capable of converting light into
either current or voltage,
O Used in solar cells
Transistor

O A transistor is a semiconductor device

used to amplify and switch electronic
signals and electrical power.
Battery

O provides voltage
Power Supply

O usually a mains hook-up

 Passive Components

• Passive components can't introduce net energy into the circuit. They
also can't rely on a source of power, except for what is available from
the (AC) circuit they are connected to. Although they may increase a
voltage or current.
Resistors
• produces opposition to current flow. The amount of
resistance (resistor value) determines how much current
can flow through a resistor.
Potentiometer/Variable Resistor

O a resistor whose resistance value is not

fixed and can be adjusted.
Photoresistor

O light sensing resistor whose resistance

decreases as light intensity increases.
Thermistor

O a temperature sensing resistor whose

resistance increases or decreases based
on changes in temperature.
Thyristor

O acts as a switch, conducting when it

receives current trigger and continues to
conduct while it is forward biased.
Capacitor

O stores charge and used to filter signal. A

capacitors storage capacity can be fixed
or adjustable.
Variable Capacitor

O a capacitor whose charging capacity is not

fixed and can be adjusted.
Inductor

O stores energy in a magnetic field and

opposes change in current.
Transformer

O amplifies or reduces energy.

Breadboard
• a board that can be used to construct a circuit
which does not require soldering. It has holes
where components can be pushed in.
Printed Circuit Board (PCB)

O a board that can be used to construct a

circuit which requires soldering.
Electromechanical Components
• Electromechanical components can carry out electrical
operations by using moving parts or by using electrical
connections
Cable Assemblies

O Cables with connectors or terminals at

their ends

O Ex. Power Cord

Switch

O a device used to break or complete the

current path.
Relay

O a switch that is designed to trigger another

switch.
Circuit Breaker

O switch designed to
protect an electrical
circuit from overload.
When the circuit breaker
senses an overload in
voltage or current it
switches off to
discontinue electrical flow
to the rest of the circuit.
Tools and Equipments in Electronics
Screwdrivers
• Are hand tools specifically designed to insert and
tighten, or to loosen and remove screws.
Types of Screwdrivers
Slotted Scredriver

Ois used to drive or fasten

negative slotted screws.
Phillips Screwdriver
• is used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws. It is a
screwdriver that could take greater torque and could
provide tighter fastenings.
 Jeweler’s Screwdriver Set
• is a set of small screw drivers
composed of slotted and Phillips
screwdrivers.

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Soldering Tools
 Soldering Iron
• O is a device for applying heat to
melt solder in attaching two metal
parts. A soldering iron is composed
of a heated metal tip and an
insulated handle. For electrical
work, wires are usually soldered to
printed circuit boards, other wires,
or small terminals. A low-power
iron (20-30 Watts) is suitable for
this work.

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 Soldering Tool Stand
• O is a place where the soldering
iron is placed during usage. This
will keep the soldering iron away
from flammable materials. The
stand often comes with a sponge
used in cleaning the tip of the
soldering iron.

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De-soldering Tool
O is used in removing soldered wires and
components on printed circuit boards for
troubleshooting and repair purposes.
Splicing Tools
 Long Nose Plier
• O is used for holding, bending,
and stretching the lead of
electronic component or
connecting wires.

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 Side Cutter
• O is a wire-cutting pliers, though
they are not used to grab or turn
anything, but are used to cut
wires.

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 Wire Stripper
• O is a pair of opposing blades
much like scissors or wire
cutters. The addition of a center
notch makes it easier to cut the
insulation without cutting the
wire.

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Boring Tools
 12-V Mini Drill
• is used to bore or drill holes in
the printed circuit board (PCB) with
sizes from 1/32” – 1/16”.

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 Portable Electric Drill
• O is used for boring hole(s) in
plastic or metal chassis with the
use of drill bits having sizes from
1/6” to approximately 1/4”.

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 Metal Files
O These are hand tools having a series of sharp,
parallel ridges or teeth. Most files have a narrow,
pointed tang at one end to which a handle can be
fitted.
Flat File is Round File - is also Half Round File is
parallel in called rat- tail file which tapered in width
width and is gradually tapered and thickness,
tapered in and used for many coming to a point,
thickness; tasks that require a and
they are round tool, such as is narrower than a
used for flat enlarging round holes or standard half
surfaces and cutting a scalloped edge. round and used
edges. for filing inside of
rings.
Cutting Tools
Utility Knife
is a common tool used in cutting various
trades and crafts for a variety of purposes.
Hacksaw

O is used for cutting metals. Some have pistol grips

which keep the hacksaw firm and easy to grip. The
small hand-held hacksaws consist of a metal arch
with a handle that fits around a narrow, rigid blade.
Auxiliary Tools
 Magnifying Glass
• is a convex lens which is used to
produce a magnified image of an
object. The lens is usually mounted
on a frame with a handle. Roger
Bacon is the original inventor of
the magnifying glass. A magnifying
glass works by creating a magnified
virtual image of an object behind
the lens. Some magnifying glasses
are foldable with built-in light.

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 Paint Brush
• O is a type of brush made of
bristles set in handle, used for
cleaning dirty parts of a circuit or
an object aside from using it for
painting.

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Electronic equipment
 Oscilloscope
• O An oscilloscope (commonly
abbreviated CRO, for cathode-ray
oscilloscope, or scope) is a piece
of electronic test equipment that
allows signal voltages to be
viewed, usually as a two
dimensional graph of one or more
electrical potential differences
(vertical axis) plotted as a
function of time or of some other
voltage (horizontal axis).

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Signal Generator
A signal generator is a device which
produces simple wave forms.
 Multimeter

is an electronic measuring instrument that

combines several measurement functions
in one unit. A typical multimeter may
include features such as the ability to
measure voltage, current and resistance.

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END OF PRESENTATION

ONE HEART.
ONE COMMITMENT.
ONE LIFE.
1719 – 2019
#300LaSalle

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