MULTIPLE CHOICE:

Directions: Read and understand each item and choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which level of organization is the basic unit of life?

A. Cell
B. Tissue
C. Organ
D. System
2. Which of the following is NOT a postulate of a unified cell theory?
A. All living things are composed of cells
B. Cells are the basic unit of life
C. All cells undergo complete development
D. All new cells arise from existing cells
3. Who coined the term cell for the box like structure he observed when viewing cork
tissue?
A. Matthias Schleiden
B. Theodor Schwann
C. Rudolf Virchow
D. Robert Hooke
4. In many cells, the structure that controls the cell activities is the .
A. Cell Membrane
B. Organelle
C. Nucleolus
D. Nucleus
5. Which part of the cell serves as venue for cellular respiration and is known as the
powerhouse of the cell?
A. Nucleolus
B. Chromosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Nucleus
6. Which type of tissue would be found in the epidermis and form the lining of internal
organs such as the intestines?
A. Nervous tissue
B. Muscular tissue
C. Connective tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
7. The process by which the nucleus divides to produce two new nuclei that results in two
daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parental cell from which
they came.
A. Meiosis
B. Interphase
C. Mitosis
D. Cytokinesis
8. A type of passive transport which relies on carrier proteins in order for the substances
to move down their concentration gradient.
A. Active transport
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Sodium-potassium pump

9. Which of the following is an example of passive transport which occurs when particles
move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
A. Phagocytosis
B. Pinocytosis
 C. Diffusion
D. Osmosis
10. This process utilizes additional metabolic energy against the concentration gradient to
move molecules across the membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of
higher concentration.
A. Active Transport
B. Passive Transport
C. Osmosis
D. Exocytosis
The Cell Theory
Lesso
n
1
What I Need to Know

Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is
composed of trillions of cells. They provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from
food, convert those nutrients into energy, and carry out specialized functions. Cells also
contain the body’s hereditary material and can make copies of themselves.

Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called
organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell.

In this lesson, you are to explain the postulates of the cell theory. The three
postulates of the cell theory offer the basis on how an organism is considered as a living
thing.

Plant cell Animal cell

 What’s New

Guess What?

Direction: Complete the three basic components of the cell theory by arranging
these words in proper order. All your answers must be written on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. LIVING OF CELLS OR ONE ALL MORE
THINGS COMPOSED ARE

2. IS UNIT THE BASIC CELL LIFE OF THE

3. FROM ARISE CELLS PRE-EXISTING CELLS ALL

 What Is It

Prior to the invention of the very first microscope, everything that could not
be seen by the naked eye was unexplainable. In 1665, English physicist Robert
Hooke used of the first light microscopes to look at thin slices of plant tissues. One of
these, a slice of cork, especially caught his eye. Under the microscope, cork seemed
to be made of thousands of tiny chambers. Hooke called this chambers ―cells‖
because they reminded him of a monastery‘s tiny rooms, which were also known as
cells. Until 1676, Anton van Leeuwenhoek published his observations on tiny living
organisms which he named animalcules. It was believed that Leeuwenhoek was the
first to observe under his microscope the structure of a red blood cell of different
animals as well as a sperm cell.

One of the leading botanists in his time, Robert Brown in 1831 was able to
compare diverse kinds of plant specimens under the microscope. He markedly
indicated that there is a common thing about them-they are all composed of cells,
and inside the cell is a dark dense spot which he termed as the nucleus. A few years
later, German botanist Matthias Schleiden (1838) concluded that all plant parts are
made of cells. Theodor Schwann (1839), also a botanist and a close friend of
Schleiden, stated that all animal tissues are composed of cells, too. In 1858, Rudolf
Virchow concluded that all cells come from pre-existing cells.

Figure 1.1. Structure of cork using a microscope as seen by Robert Hooke (1665)
 The discoveries made by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann,
Virchow, and others led to the formulation of the cell theory. The cell theory
describes the properties of all cells. This theory can be summed up into three basic
components: (1) all living things are composed of one or more cells; (2) the cell is
the basic unit of life; and (3) all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Now, that you have an understanding of the history of the cell theory, answer
the activity that follows.

What’s More

A. The Discovery of Cell

Matthias Schleiden Anton Robert Hooke Theodor Schwann

van Leeuwenhoek Rudolf Virchow

Direction. Research on the ―Cell Theory‖ which tells about the discovery of cell.
Take note of the scientists and their respective works. Choose from the box which
scientist gave the following statements.

1. All cells come from pre-existing cells (1858).

2. All animals are made up of cells (1839).
3. All plants are made up of cells (1838).
4. Tiny living organisms are observed (1676).
5. Thousands of tiny empty chambers in cork are called cells (1665).

What’s New

Reflection: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the cell theory and what does it state?

_ _ _
2. What do we call the basic generalizations that are accepted by modern science
about cell?
_ _ _
3. Among the scientists, who advanced the cell theory with his conclusion that cells
could only come from other cells?
_ _ _
4. What discovery is Van Leeuwenhoek noted for?
_ _ _
5. What caused scientists to discover the existence of cells?
_ _ _

What I Have Learned

Direction: The figure below indicates events that lead up to the cell theory. Complete
the table by filling in the blank spaces.
Date Scientist Discovery
1665 a. Observed the remains of
dead plant cells
b. Anton van Leeuwenhoek c.
1838 Matthias Schleiden d.
e. f. Stated that all animals are
made of cells
1858 g. h.
 What I Can Do

Performance Task:

Research on the theory of spontaneous generation or theory of abiogenesis by

Stanley Miller and Francesco Redi and Louis Pasteur‘s experiment. Compare the two
theories on the origin of life.

Enrichment Activity:

Watch a video through YouTube link below entitled “Theories on the Origin of Life”,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2QLW7I_XBqo https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=NNijmxsKGbc