Unit

ANALYTICAL
EXPOSITION
Kompetensi dasar:
3.4 Membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks eksposisi analitis
lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait isu aktual, sesuai dengan konteks
penggunaannya.
4.4 Teks eksposisi analitis
4.4.1 Menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan
beberapa teks eksposisi analitis lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait isu
aktual,
4.4.2 Menyusun teks eksposisi analitis tulis, terkait isu aktual, dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial,
struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan, secara benar dan sesuai konteks.

Materi pembelajaran:
 Fungsi Sosial
Menyatakan pendapat, mempengaruhi, dengan argumentasi analitis.
 Struktur Teks
Dapat mencakup:
- Pendapat/pandangan
- Argumentasi secara analitis
- kesimpulan
 Unsur Kebahasaan
- Ungkapan seperti I believe, I think
- Adverbia first, second, third, …
- Kata sambung therefore, consequently, based on the arguments.
- Nomina singular dan plural dengan atau tanpa a, the, this, those, my, their, dsb.
- Ucapan, ejaan, tanda baca, dan tulisan tangan.
 Topik
Isu-isu aktual yang perlu dibahas yang dapat menumbuhkan perilaku yang termuat di KI.

Observation
Look at the following pictures then try to answer the following question about the picture!
 1. Do you like reading books?
2. What books do you like to read?
3. What book have you read recently?
4. When do you usually read books?
5. What do people read books for?
6. Do you always buy books at the bookstores?
7. Where can you get books?
8. that happen?

A. Read the following text below!

Students' Laptop
Conventionally, students need book, pen, eraser, drawing book, ruler and such other stuff.
Additionally, in this multimedia era, students need more to reach their progressive development.
Students need mobile keyboards to record every presented subject easily. Of course it will need more
cost but it will deserve for its function.
First, modern schools tend to apply fast transferring knowledge because the school needs to catch the
target of curriculum. Every subject will tend to be given in demonstrative method. Consequently
students need extra media cover the subject. Since there is a laptop on every student’s desk, this
method will help student to get better understanding.
Secondly, finding an appropriate laptop is not difficult as it was. Recently there is an online shop
which provides comprehensive information. The best is that the shop has service of online shopping.
The students just need to brows that online shop, decide which computer or laptop they need, and then
complete the transaction. After that the laptop will be delivered to the students' houses. That is really
easy and save time and money.
From all of that, having mobile computer is absolutely useful for students who want to catch the best
result for their study.

1. Have you ever read a similar text like that before?

2. Do the text appropriate with your real life?
3. On what paragraph do you find that propriety?
4. Make your own 3 conclusions based on the text about!

VOCABULARY BUILDER
Match the words with their indonesian equivalens!
1. Conventionally (adverb) a. cenderung
2. Stuff (noun) b. pantas
3. Keyboard (noun) c. menurut kebiasaan
4. Deserve (verb) d. papan tombol jari
5. Tend (verb) e. barang
Match the words with their synonymous!
1. Recently (adverb) a. Correctly
2. Decide (verb) b. Sent
3. Delivered (verb) c. Outcome
4. Absolutely (adverb) d. Lately
5. Result (noun) e. Choose

DO YOU KNOW
ANALYTICAL EXPOSTION
An analytical exposition is a piece of writing that tries to convince the readers to agree with
writer’s viewpoint by analysing a certain issue within the text.
Communicative Purpose
To put forward of viewpoint about something.
Examples of Analytical Exposition Texts
Newspapers editorials, debates, speeches.
 Text Organization
 Thesis introduces topic and indicates writer’s position. It also outlines the writer’s
arguments.
 Arguments support the thesis by presenting a series of arguments.
 Reiteration restates the writer’s point of view.
Language Features
 Simple present tense, e.g. The condition of uncleanliness and discomfort really hinders
learn and teaching environtment.
 Words that qualify statements, e.g. usual, probably, etc.
 Words that link arguments, e.g. firstly, however, therefore, etc.
 Passive voice, e.g. A number of dustbins should be increased.
 Modal auxiliaries, e.g. should, can, could, etc.
 Connectors, e.g. then, after that, etc.

B. In pairs, read this article and observe the text organization, the language elements and the
social function of the text.
Text Social Function: To persuade the readers/listeners that books are important Language
Organization for us Elements

TITLE WHY BOOKS ARE IMPORTANT FOR US?

A wise man once said, “learning without book mean nothing.’ In Most of the
THESIS my opinion this statement is true. Why do I say that? This is for tenses are in
several reasons. Present Tenses.
/////////////
Argument 1 Firstly, books are important because they develop the minds of
(state the topic Topic Sentence
people who read them. Even if you don’t agree with what an author
sentence and has done in a book, you can at least have formed your own ideas on
elaborate with Supporting
what would have been better. This leads to critical thinking skills. sentence
the supporting
sentences) These critical thinking skills are a necessity for the development of
cultures.

Secondly, book contains so much more than just the story. Topic Sentence
Argument 2 They record facts. They review history.
(state the topic
sentence and
Books are the documentations of themes that relate to everyone.
Supporting
elaborate with You can even learn about a period in history just looking at what
sentence
the supporting books were popular and published during that time.
sentences) For instance, the classic tales of two cities by Charles dickens is set
Enumerical
in the French revolution era. phrases to
/ number the
arguments

The last thing I’ll say is that books are essential to life because they Topic Sentence
Argument 3
(state the topic do not only carry knowledge, but they also entertain us. They
sentence and entertain us with stories ranging from mystery and drama to
Supporting
elaborate with comedy, adventures and autobiographies. In other word, you can sentence
the supporting read book about anything. These possibilities are limitless and that
sentences) is one of the many lessons you can learn from reading books.

Based on the reason listed above, it is obvious that books have a Phrase of
Reiteration Conclusion
great influence in our lives. Without book we may learn nothing.
C. Read this article and answer the questions.
/
SAVE YOUR MONEY NOW!

You may be asking yourself why it is compulsory to save

money. If you have enough to pay for everything you need, why should you worry about
putting some money aside each month? There are a variety of reasons to begin saving
money. Different people save for different reasons. Here are some reasons that you may
consider saving your money.

One reason is for emergency funds. It is important to have an emergency fund set
aside to cover unexpected expenses. This could cover an unexpected car repair,
improvements on your house, an illness or a sudden job loss. Ideally your emergency fund
should be about three to six months of your expenses. In addition, you need to make sure
you have a plan and good insurance in place to help you survive the unexpected financial
events in your life.

Another important reason to save money is for your retirement. The sooner you
start saving for retirement, the less you will have to save in the future. You can put your
money to work for you. As you continue to contribute overtime you will be earning more
interest on the money you have.

A third reason to save money is for vacation or secondary items. Your buying and
negotiating power goes a lot farther when you have a significant saving. You can save up for
your tour to Bali or Europe. Your negotiating power is stronger if you have cash in hand on
bigger purchases. You can also negotiate the price of the car much lower if you are willing to
pay cash at the dealership.

Last but not least, the reason to begin saving money is for your future education.
Each year more people return to school to earn their master or doctoral degrees. You may
also consider saving for your child’s education when the time comes. Better educations
usually demand expensive costs.

From the reasons mentioned above, it is unquestionable that saving money is a

good habit and it is a compulsory, like an old proverb saying “forewarned, forearmed.”

a. Write the main ideas of each paragraph in the text. One has been done for you as an example.
Paragraph Main Idea
1 A question why it is compulsory to save money.

6
b. Answer these questions.
1. What are unexpected expenses? Mention some examples.
2. Beside saving funds, what else should you have to face the unexpected events?
3. Why should you save your money for retirement?
4. What does the proverb “forewarned, forearmed” mean?

D. Read this article and decide whether these statements are True (T) or False (F) and give
the evidence.
// /

Why You
Should Eat
a Healthy
Breakfast

 Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.

Breakfast provides you with the energy and nutrients
that lead to increase concentration in the classroom.

 Studies show that breakfast can be important in maintaining a

healthy body weight. Many people who skip breakfast will feel
/ hungry quickly and then they eat snacks that contain high fat
and sugar. This makes them gain weight quickly.

 People who skip breakfast are unlikely to make up

their daily requirement for some vitamins and minerals
/ that a simple breakfast would have provided.

 Breakfast provides energy for the activities during the morning

and helps to prevent that mid-morning slump.
/

No. T F
1 This poster encourages people not to have breakfast in the
morning.
Evidence : ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

2 If you don’t have your breakfast in the morning, you don’t get
supply of energy and nutrients.
Evidence : ____________________________________________

____________________________________________
 3 People who go to work without breakfast will gain weight easily.
Evidence : ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

4 If you don’t take your breakfast in the morning, you still look
fresh until midday.
Evidence : ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

E. Discuss the following questions with your friends and your teacher.
a. Have you ever expressed your opinions about something to someone?
b. What does “persuasion” mean?
c. What do you really mean by persuading someone?
d. Do people always agree with what you think? Why?
e. How do you feel when someone doesn’t agree with your opinions?
f. What expressions are used to tell your opinions?

PERSUASIVE WRITING
Persuasive writing, known as creative writing or an argument, is a piece of writing in
which the writer uses words to convince the reader that the writer’s opinion is correct with
regard to an issue. Persuasive writing sometimes involves convincing the reader to perform an
action. Simply defined, persuasive writing is “an essay that offers and supports an opinion”.

Persuasive writing is often used for advertising copy, which is written in an attempt to
get customers to purchase specific products. It is also a form of writing in which someone tries
to get readers to agree with a position. A well-written persuasive piece is supported with a series
of facts or data which help the author argue his or her point.

F. Read this poem and answer the questions.

/

My Hero Best friend, My Daddy

By. M. Hernandez

My daddy looks tough as nails

And hard as metal
But the truth Is easy to tell
He’s sweet and loving
And can always understanding me
Patient he is
And he always makes a big difference in my everyday life
Always manages to put a smile on my face
Even when his days aren’t so good
My daddy is my hero
He is my best friend who I can always trust
And I don’t have to worry about being misjudged
He is my daddy
And above everybody he is who makes me feel very happy
The truth is I love my daddy
Questions:
1. What is the poem about?
2. Why did the boy write this poem?
3. What makes him adore his daddy?
4. Do you think that this poem takes the form of analytical one? Why?
5. Can you make a similar poem for someone/something you love very much? (It could be
mother, your pet, your home, your village, your country, etc.)

EXERCISE

/Text 1
To improve comfort and cleanliness at our school, a number of dust bins should be increased.

When we look at classrooms, school corridors and school yard, there are paper mineral water cups,
straws, and napkins here and there.  The condition of uncleanliness and discomfort really hinders
learning and teaching environment. Litters thrown carelessly cause disease, especially empty plastic
cup or glasses.  They can be filled out with water coming from the rain.  This can be placed for dengue
mosquitoes to spread out.  Besides, these rubbish can deteriorate the scene.  Well painted wall and
green school yard do not mean anything litters are scattered everywhere.

I notice that most of the students in our school have responsibilities for the school environment.  They
put their litters on the proper places.  But some are not diligent enough to find the dust bins.  The
numbers of dust binds in our schools are not enough.   Ore dust bins should be put beside each of
steps, outside of the classrooms, and some more also the corridors.  Probably one dust bin should be in
every ten meters.  So when students want to throw away their litters, they can find the dust bins easily.

When school is equipped with sufficient dust bins, we do not have problems of freak and discomfort
any more.  Our school will be very clean and become a nice place to study.

1. What is the writer’s intention?  To ….. readers to do something good.

a. Inform c. Explain e. Describe
b. Entertain d. Persuade

2. According to the writer, more dust bins….. in every ten meters.

a. should be decorated d. should be painted
b. should be placed e. are unnecessary
c. are not required
 
3. What is the writer’s argument on a sufficient number of dust bins?
a. They can prevent litters
b. They can save janitor’s energy
c. Students are asked to clean them
d. They make school environment neat
e. Students can throw garbage away easily

4. What is the writer’s suggestion?

a. To buy more dustbins
b. To hire more gardeners
c. To use dustbins efficiently
d. To ask parents to give more dustbins
e. To ask students to clean the school yard
Text 2
Reading For Pleasure

Reading English for pleasure is not the same as studying English. You do not have to remember
everything, as there is no test on books you read for pleasure; therefore, it is more interesting because
you can choose your own book. Besides the enjoyment you get, reading for pleasure contributes a lot
in learning English. It will help you to read faster, find examples of good writing, learn new words,
learn how speakers of English use the language and learn about the cultures of different people in the
world.
The first step to read English for pleasure is to find a good book-one that is interesting and that is not
too difficult to read. You can go to the library and ask the librarian for books that may interest you.
Also, you can browse around in a bookstore and ask the clerk to help you find a good book. Surely,
you can borrow books from friends but make sure you return them.
If you plan to check out books from a library, following are some tips to help you select books and
find them more easily. Firstly, read the front and back covers of the book. If you happen to be a
beginner, it is better to begin with short book. Then if you like a book, read one or two pages. Find out
if you can understand it. Finally, which is the most important thing, the books should be interesting to
you.
The next step is to read your book every day. Also try to read your book very quickly, which is
another way to learn more English. Moreover, if you like your book, tell a friend about it.
In the beginning, you may find it difficult to read in English, but do not give up. Keep on reading , and
after some time you will realize that it is not difficult after all. Then you will enjoy reading English.
You will be reading English for pleasure.

5. What is the type of this text?

a. Explanation d. Exposition
b. Description e. Procedure
c. Report
6. What should you do if you happen to be a beginner?
a. Read the book that is affordable to you.
b. Read one or two pages.
c. Find difficult words.
d. Read an interesting book
e. Read a short book
7. These are the advantages of reading English for pleasure, EXCEPT . . . .
a. It helps to read faster
b. It helps to learn about other people of culture
c. It helps to learn how English speakers use the language
d. It helps to write a lot of books
e. It helps to learn new words
8. “It will help you to read faster, …..” (Paragraph 1)
The word ‘It’ refers to . . . .
a. Studying English d. Everything
b. Reading for pleasure e. Learning English
c. Enjoyment
9. “Also, you can browse around in a bookstore and ask the clerk to help you find a good book.”
The word ‘clerk’ means . . .
a. Librarian d. Storekeeper
b. Manager e. Director
c. Owner

Text 3
Pets have accompanied mankind since the dawn of history. The domestication of animals began in the
Neolithic Revolution 10-12 thousand years ago. People love this companionship due to some reasons.
One major advantage of having pets is that they can become one of peoples nearest and dearest
companions. For instance, if someone lives alone, he will find a pet, very enjoyable.
Furthermore, the presence of an animal in the home may provide a greater feeling of security. In
addition to this, pets often play a major role in disabled people's lives.
In conclusion, it is pleasurable of keeping pets at home. And we want to keep
pets at home, we should pay attention to the following. We should prepare budget for the pet's food,
equipment (cages, collars, aquarium, etc) and veterinary care. Apart from this, if we decide to buy a
pet, we should take into consideration our pet's needs before going anywhere.

10. What is the major advantage of having pets? 

a. We can go outside every time
b. We can get pleasure from the pets
c. The pets can become people’s friends
d. The pets can provide feeling of security
e. The pets can help disabled people’s lives.
11. The writer suggests that a pet owner should
a. Clean the pets pen everyday
b. Bring the pet when going out
c. Leave the pet at home
d. Lock the pet in a cage
e. Notice the pets needs

Text 4
We will agree that mosquitoes should be repelled, due to several reasons. They are very
annoying and make our bodies itchy. We cannot sleep well when mosquitoes are around us.
The other reason is that mosquitoes have transmitted many diseases including malaria,
dengue, yellow fever, encephalitis and more recently the West Nile and Zika viruses. Mosquitoes are
even to blame for heartworm in pets.
To overcome the problem, practise good mosquito control in your garden so that the pests
don’t get out of hand. The best thing you can do is to prevent water from collecting and becoming
stagnant. Mosquitoes can lay hundreds of eggs even in a tiny spoonful of standing water.

12. What is the monologue about?

a. Where mosquitoes lay their eggs
b. Why mosquitoes disturb our sleep
c. How mosquitoes transmit diseases
d. Why people should repel mosquitoes
e. What diseases are cost by mosquitoes
13. Why should people make water flowing?
a. To kill mosquitoes
b. To keep the water clean
c. To protect water from pollution
d. To avoid the transmission of diseases
e. To prevent the mosquitoes from laying their eggs

Text 5
Higher education for woman

In this modern era, there are still some parents who are reluctant about sanding their daughter
to college. Such narrow attitude shown to woman higher education is largely due to the
traditional role of woman in society. A woman is expected just to be a wife and a mother most
parents believe that if their daughter gets married and chooses to be a housewife, then the
higher education will be a waste. However an educated woman does not only make a better wife
about also contributor better thing to the large society.
Nowadays more women are successfully combining their career and marriage. Educated women
are richer both emotionally and financially. They are able to find an outlet for monotonous
drudgery of their housekeeping. They bring more satisfaction and contentment to their lives.
Depriving girl of higher education is crash discrimination. Time has changed. Modern society
needs the talents. If its people regardless of gender. Today women work alongside men. In fact,
in the last few decades women have made outstanding contributions to society
women should be given the freedom to be educated whether they get married or go to work
after finishing their education because it is only through education that a women will find
herself useful and discover what she wants in life. a women who works is not an insult to her
husband. Conversely, her husband should feel proud of her achievement since marriage is
actually an equal partnership. Therefore, parent should not think that girls should receive less
education just because they will get marriage one day
14. What makes parent reluctant to send their daughter to college?
a. They think that education will be a waste of time
b. More women are successfully in their college
c. It is a waste for women to go to college
d. Tradition roles of women in society do not need high education
e. They have to contribute something to the society
15. What is the main purpose of the text?
a. To put forward of view or argument about higher education for women
b. To tell the parents in this modern era about how to educate their daughter
c. To persuade readers what should and should not do about education
d. To explain the readers about how to give education for their daughter
e. To describe the fact about how some parents educate their daughter

Text 6
The park is important for schools. Therefore, every school should have one. First, they
can use it for outdoor lessons or individual study. Studying in a park will vary lessons and
therefore increase enthusiasm. Moreover, because it is usually not really close to the classrooms
students my play games during lessons more freely, without being afraid of disturbing other
classes.
It will also help students take care of the environment well. Each class may be scheduled
to water the plants and flowers and to collect garbage, such as dry leaves or fallen flowers, to
make fertilizer.
Besides, students may relax there. By enjoying trees and flowers, they will feel fresh after
doing difficult less or lessons. Several studies suggest that seeing that trees and plants help
people have good feeling or feel comfortable.
Another thing is that it can be the object of study. For English lessons, for examples
students can describe trees and animals living in the park or the people relaxing and the
occurences there. For a biology lesson, they may observe how living thing survive there. Based
on the reason, it is a good idea if every school has it.

16. Which of the following statements is not true?

a. Studying in park may increase enthusiasm
b. Students can use the school park to study individually
a. Students may go there when feeling bored in classroom
c. Students may observe how living thing in the park live
d. A school park may help students take care of the environment well
17. Why can students play freely in the park?
a. It is wide
b. It is not too close to classes
c. It provides facilities for students to do show
d. It is a school’s program
e. Teachers cannot keep an eye on them there.
Text 7
Should automatic and semi-automatic guns be banned?

First, I’ll state points and why they should be military weapons. They fire continuously for
about twenty seconds firing hundreds of bullets until the trigger is release. Although they are
military weapons, they are sold to the public. People buy them for keeping them at the house in
case of break in but in that case wouldn’t need a giant weapon to fend off a robber and with
children they can be fatal.
In this next section, I am going to talk about why they shouldn’t be ban. Farmers
sometimes need this rifles not as weapon but maybe put down a cow with broken legs or spinal
cord as it the quickest way to kill animal without filling a long period of pain.
Well, as you can see I have more points for getting rid of the weapons that against, so
from these you obviously can see what must be done. Not only to make thinks safer but to bring
humanity to parts of our society. I don’t think that automatic and semi-automatic weapon should
be distributed throughout the community in urbanized areas because they are just another
excuses for trouble.

18. What is writers opinion about the issues?

a. He disagrees with the issue of using guns freely.
b. He disagrees with the issue of banning guns.
c. He supports the idea of banning guns
d. He supports the idea of using guns
e. He stands equal position for both
19. “Farmers sometimes need these rifles not as weapon but maybe to put down a cow with
broken legs or spinal cord” (paragraph 2)
The underlined words have the closest meaning to…
a. To cage c. To kill e. To bea
b. To fine d. To chase

Text 8
The government should Provide rehabilitation Program for Drug Users

Drug users are actually ill people who need help. Rehabilitation is one of the main things they should
get. Instead of punishing drug users in prisons, the government should provide rehabilitation for them.

Most users are actually victims of persuasive peddlers and they suffer from consuming the drugs.
Therefore, by rehabilitating them, we are actually helping them out from traps, which they might
accidentally step on.

If we only arrest drug users and send them to jail, this doesn't solve the problem as drug users will still
be addicted unless proper rehabilitation is imposed to them. Providing rehabilitation programs for drug
users and forcing them to participate in the programs is better than only arresting them and doing
nothing to their illness. Only drug dealers, traffickers, and wholesalers should be imprisoned.  
20. Most drug users get drugs from ....
a. Jails d. Peddlers
b. Traffickers e. Wholesalers
c. Rehabilitation center
21. Sending the drug users to prison is not a good solution because ....
a. They can't consume harmful drugs
b. They are treated normally
c. They may still be infected with harmful drugs
d. They can be freed as soon as possible
e. They are given the whole recovery program
22. "...drug users will still be addicted unless proper rehabilitation is imposed to them."
(Paragraph 3)
The underlined word is closest in meaning to ....
a. Influenced d. Treated
b. Forced e. Burdened
c. Implemented

Text 9
Everybody should change their way of life to reduce global warming. There are several things
that we can do. One of them is by buying and consuming fresh local groceries as much as
possible. It of course includes local vegetables, fruits, bread, etc.
Local groceries don’t need much transportation to get it into the market. It of course means, the
amount of carbon dioxide produced is less than the groceries from other region. Therefore, by
buying local groceries we are helping reduce the amount of carbon dioxide produced.
Consuming fresh groceries instead of frozen ones are healthier for us. Furthermore, fresh food
or groceries means no requirements for it to be freeze up. It means that no electricity is needed
and saving energy means reducing carbon dioxide and money.
So, from now on we should consume fresh local groceries to reduce global warming.

23. The text gives us information about ….

a. The ways to minimize global warning
b. The ways to increase global warning
c. The effects of global warning
d. The importance of consuming local groceries
e. The importance of knowing global warning
24. To reduce the global warming we should ….
a. Buy import product
b. Buy expensive clothes
c. Consume frozen foods
d. Consume fresh foods
e. Not use electricity efficiently
25. We are helping reduce the amount of global warming” (Paragraph 2)
The underlined word can be replaced by ….
a. Increase d. Decrease e. Improve
b. Add e. Maximize

G. WRITING AN ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT

In groups of four, find an analytical exposition text from the Internet or a newspaper. Then,
swap your article with other groups. Use this questionnaire to analyze the article.

Peer Editing Checklist

What is the topic of the article?

Can you find the topic easily in the first /

paragraph? Yes.

/
No. Why?_____________________

Does the text organization follow the rules of // YES NO

The Analytical Exposition Test? Thesis

//Arguments
 //Reiteration

The purpose of the text _____________________________________

_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

Language elements YES NO

//Topic sentence is stated

clearly in each paragraph

Note : _______________________________

//Supporting sentences

supports topic sentences in

each paragraph

//Topic sentence is stated

clearly in each paragraph

Note : _______________________________

//Using connectives to make

paragraphs in unity.
Topic sentence is stated
clearly in each paragraph
Note : _______________________________
/
Are sentences written in

Present Tense?
Note : _______________________________

Is the reiteration written clearly /

Yes.

/
No. Why? ____________________

H. WRITE YOUR OWN ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION WITH THE FOLLOWING TOPICS.

 Global warming is very hazardous to living things.
 Life would be different without electricity.
 Corruption should be banned in this country.
 Cars should be limited in towns.