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Lecture 1 - Introduction To Formwork Building

Civil & Construction Engineering Dep. is offering a course on formwork design and construction methods taught by Dr. Alaa Salman. The course will cover topics such as the economy of forms, properties of form materials, and construction methods. It will be held on Wednesdays from 6-8 PM. The objectives of the course are to explore engineering applications and illustrate problem-solving techniques using real-world examples. Chapter 1 will introduce definitions of formwork, discuss the importance and safety of proper formwork design, and factors relating to the economy and care of forms.

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Hassan Faden
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292 views23 pages

Lecture 1 - Introduction To Formwork Building

Civil & Construction Engineering Dep. is offering a course on formwork design and construction methods taught by Dr. Alaa Salman. The course will cover topics such as the economy of forms, properties of form materials, and construction methods. It will be held on Wednesdays from 6-8 PM. The objectives of the course are to explore engineering applications and illustrate problem-solving techniques using real-world examples. Chapter 1 will introduce definitions of formwork, discuss the importance and safety of proper formwork design, and factors relating to the economy and care of forms.

Uploaded by

Hassan Faden
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Civil & Construction Engineering Dep.

Formwork Design & Construction Methods


CONEN 461
Dr.Alaa Salman
PhD, PMP, P.Eng (Ontario- Canada)

Chapter 1
Introduction to formwork building

IMU: CIVIL & & Construction ENG. Formwork Design & Construction Methods Chapter 1 DR.ALAA SALMAN
General Information (1)

▪ Course title:
Design of Formwork: CONEN- 461
◼ Course Hours: 2 CR-H

◼ Time & Location:

Wednesday 6:00 PM– 8:00 PM


▪ Class: 4TH Year Construction Engineering
▪ Convener: Dr. Alaa Salman
▪ Email: akalobaidi@iau.edu.sa

2
General Information (2)

◼ Text Book:
Robert L. Peurifoy
and Garold D.
Oberlender,
“Formwork for
Concrete
Structures”
4th edition, McGraw-
Hill Book. ISBN
978-0-07-163917-0
3
General Information (3)

◼ Office Hours
❖ Email

❖ WhatsApp

◼ Course Evaluation:
❖ 40 % Final examination

❖ 60 % Course work (Group Assignments,

Performance, Mid-Term & Quizzes)

4
Course Schedule
1) Introduction to formwork building

2) Economy of forms

3) Properties of form materials

4) Lateral pressure on forms

5) Vertical loads on and stresses on forms

6) Construction methods

7) Form design (slab, column)


5
Course Objectives (1)

▪ Learning work experiences and views


of the profession from practicing
engineers

▪ Exploring engineering field and


students’ interests through team
projects

▪ Becoming broadly educated across


engineering disciplines

6
Course Objectives (2)

▪ Motivation of basic engineering


concepts in the context of real
applications

▪ Illustrating creative engineering


problem-solving techniques and a
logical way of thinking about problems
and their solutions

▪ General review of engineering


disciplines and specializations.
7
Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Definition of Formwork

1.2 Importance of Formwork

1.3 Safety of Formwork

1.4 Economy of Formwork

1.5 Allowable Unit Stresses in Formwork Material

1.6 Care of Forms


8
1.1 Definition of Formwork
formwork, the temporary support
structure that must be fabricated and
installed to support the permanent
materials

9
1.2 Importance of Formwork (1)
❑ The level of effort required to produce
a good formwork system is as
important as the level of effort required
to produce the right combination of
steel and concrete for the structure.

❑ Formwork for concrete structures has


a significant impact on the cost,
time, and quality of the completed
project. 10
1.2 Importance of Formwork (2)
❑ Formwork is important because:
❖ it is a major cost of the concrete
structure.
❖ too often the designers of concrete
structures devote considerable time in
selecting:
➢ the minimum amount of concrete and steel
for a structure
“without devoting adequate attention to the
impact of the formwork that must be
constructed to form the concrete”
11
1.2 Importance of Formwork (3)
❑ For most structures, more time and
cost are required to
❖ make, erect, and remove formwork than
the time and cost to place the concrete
or reinforcing

❑ For some structures:


❖ the cost of formwork exceeds the cost
of the concrete and steel combined

12
1.3 Safety of Formwork (1)
▪ The failure of formwork is a major concern
of all parties involved in a construction
project; including
▪ the owner,
▪ the designer,
▪ and the contractor.

▪ Safety is everyone's responsibility, and all


parties must work together as a team with
safety as a major consideration.
13
1.3 Safety of Formwork (2)
▪ It is the responsibility of each designer of
formwork
“to ensure that the forms are designed adequately”
▪ This requires a careful analysis of the job
conditions that exist at each jobsite,

▪ a determination of the loads that will be applied


to the formwork,

▪ and the selection and arrangement of suitable


forming materials that have adequate strength to
sustain the loads.
14
1.3 Safety of Formwork (3)
▪ It is the responsibility of workers of
formwork at the jobsite
“to fabricate and erect the formwork in”
▪ accordance with the design

▪ a careful check of the design and inspection of


the work during construction are necessary
▪ to ensure the safety and reliability of the
formwork.

15
1.4 Economy of Formwork (1)
Economy involves many factors, including:
❖The cost of materials;

❖The cost of labor in making, erecting, and


removing the forms, and
❖The cost of equipment required to handle the
forms
❖ The number of reuses of the form materials,
❖The possible salvage value of the forms for use
elsewhere, and
❖The cost of finishing concrete surfaces after the
forms are removed. 16
1.4 Economy of Formwork (2)
▪ A high initial cost for materials, such as
steel forms, may be good economy
“because of the greater number of uses that can
be obtained with steel”

▪ An analysis of the proposed formwork for


a given project usually will enable the job
planner to determine,
“in advance of construction, what materials and
methods will be the most economical”

17
1.5 Allowable Unit Stresses in Formwork Material (1)

In order to attain the maximum


possible economy in formwork:
◼ it is desirable to use the highest practical
unit stresses in designing forms.

◼ It is necessary to know the behavior of


the pressures and loads that act on
forms in determining the allowable unit
stresses.

18
1.5 Allowable Unit Stresses in Formwork Material (2)

When concrete is first placed:


1) it exerts its maximum pressure or weight
on the restraining or supporting forms.
2) However, within a short time, sometimes
less than 2 hours, the pressure on wall and
column forms will reach a maximum
value,
3) and then it will decrease to zero. Thus, the
forms are subjected to maximum stresses
for relatively short periods of time. 19
1.5 Allowable Unit Stresses in Formwork Material (3)

Within a few hours after concrete is placed


for girders, beams, and slabs:
1) it begins to set and to bond with the reinforcing
steel,

2) thereby developing strength to support itself.

3) Although the forms are usually left in place for


several days, magnitudes of the unit stresses in
the forms will gradually decrease as the
concrete gains strength.

20
1.5 Allowable Unit Stresses in Formwork Material (4)
◼ The maximum unit stresses in the formwork are
temporary and of shorter duration than the time
the forms are left in place.
◼ The allowable unit stresses specified for lumber are
generally based on a full design load that is applied
for a normal load duration of approximately 10
years. If the duration of the load is only a few
hours or days, such as with formwork, the allowable
unit stress may be adjusted to a higher value.
◼ For loads that are applied for a short duration, less
than 7 days, the allowable unit stresses may be
increased by 25%.
21
1.5 Care of Forms (1)
◼ Forms are made of materials that are subject to
considerable damage through misuse and
mishandling.

◼ Wood forms should be removed carefully, then


cleaned, oiled, and stored under conditions that
will prevent distortion and damage.

◼ At periodic intervals, all forms should be checked


to determine whether renailing, strengthening, or
replacing parts is necessary.
22
The End of
Lecture
(1)
23

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